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Peters S, Kromhout H, Olsson A, Wuchmann HE, Bruske I, Consonni D, Landi MT, Caporaso N, Siemiatycki J, Richiardi L, Mirabelli D, Simonato L, Gustavsson P, Plato N, Jockel KH, Ahrens W, Pohlabeln H, Boffetta P, Brennan P, Zaridze D, Cassidy A, Lissowska J, Szeszenia-Dabrowska N, Rudnai P, Fabianova E, Forastiere F, Bencko V, Foretova L, Janout V, Stucker I, Dumitru RS, Benhamou S, Bueno-de-Mesquita B, Kendzia B, Pesch B, Straif K, Bruning T, Vermeulen R. Occupational exposure to organic dust increases lung cancer risk in the general population. Occup Environ Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2011-100382.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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352
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Cheng C, Wang Y, Haouala A, Debefve E, Andrejevic Blant S, Krueger T, Gonzalez M, Ballini JP, Peters S, Decosterd L, van den Bergh H, Ris HB, Perentes JY. Photodynamic therapy enhances liposomal doxorubicin distribution in tumors during isolated perfusion of rodent lungs. Eur Surg Res 2011; 47:196-204. [PMID: 21986386 DOI: 10.1159/000330744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2010] [Accepted: 06/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Photodynamic therapy (PDT) at low drug-light conditions can enhance the transport of intravenously injected macromolecular therapeutics through the tumor vasculature. Here we determined the impact of PDT on the distribution of liposomal doxorubicin (Liporubicin™) administered by isolated lung perfusion (ILP) in sarcomas grown on rodent lungs. METHODS A syngeneic methylcholanthrene-induced sarcoma cell line was implanted subpleurally in the left lung of Fischer rats. Treatment schemes consisted in ILP alone (400 μg of Liporubicin), low-dose (0.0625 mg/kg Visudyne®, 10 J/cm(2) and 35 mW/cm(2)) and high-dose left lung PDT (0.125 mg/kg Visudyne, 10 J/cm(2) and 35 mW/cm(2)) followed by ILP (400 μg of Liporubicin). The uptake and distribution of Liporubicin in tumor and lung tissues were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography and fluorescence microscopy in each group. RESULTS Low-dose PDT significantly improved the distribution of Liporubicin in tumors compared to high-dose PDT (p < 0.05) and ILP alone (p < 0.05). However, both PDT pretreatments did not result in a higher overall drug uptake in tumors or a higher tumor-to-lung drug ratio compared to ILP alone. CONCLUSIONS Intraoperative low-dose Visudyne-mediated PDT enhances liposomal doxorubicin distribution administered by ILP in sarcomas grown on rodent lungs which is predicted to improve tumor control by ILP.
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353
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Fens N, de Nijs SB, Peters S, Dekker T, Knobel HH, Vink TJ, Willard NP, Zwinderman AH, Krouwels FH, Janssen HG, Lutter R, Sterk PJ. Exhaled air molecular profiling in relation to inflammatory subtype and activity in COPD. Eur Respir J 2011; 38:1301-9. [PMID: 21700610 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00032911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Eosinophilic inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is predictive for responses to inhaled steroids. We hypothesised that the inflammatory subtype in mild and moderate COPD can be assessed by exhaled breath metabolomics. Exhaled compounds were analysed using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and electronic nose (eNose) in 28 COPD patients (12/16 Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) stage I/II, respectively). Differential cell counts, eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were measured in induced sputum. Relationships between exhaled compounds, eNose breathprints and sputum inflammatory markers were analysed and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed. Exhaled compounds were highly associated with sputum cell counts (eight compounds with eosinophils, 17 with neutrophils; p < 0.01). Only one compound (alkylated benzene) overlapped between eosinophilic and neutrophilic profiles. GC-MS and eNose breathprints were associated with markers of inflammatory activity in GOLD stage I (ECP: 19 compounds, p < 0.01; eNose breathprint r = 0.84, p = 0.002) (MPO: four compounds, p < 0.01; eNose r = 0.72, p = 0.008). ROC analysis for eNose showed high sensitivity and specificity for inflammatory activity in mild COPD (ECP: area under the curve (AUC) 1.00; MPO: AUC 0.96) but not for moderate COPD. Exhaled molecular profiles are closely associated with the type of inflammatory cell and their activation status in mild and moderate COPD. This suggests that breath analysis may be used for assessment and monitoring of airway inflammation in COPD.
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354
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Greulich T, Augsten M, Koehler U, Koehler K, Werner J, Kehr K, Schmid S, Peters S, Mueller S, Noeske S, Kenn K, Vogelmeier C, Koczulla RA. Der Einfluss von 3 Monaten individualisiertem Training vs. Gruppentraining auf den 6-Minuten-Gehtest, Lebensqualität und Marker der Inflammation. Pneumologie 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1272333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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355
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Dijk DJ, James LM, Peters S, Walsh JK, Deacon S. Sex differences and the effect of gaboxadol and zolpidem on EEG power spectra in NREM and REM sleep. J Psychopharmacol 2010; 24:1613-8. [PMID: 19487320 DOI: 10.1177/0269881109105788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Hypnotics that interact with the GABA(A) receptor have marked effects on the electroencephalogram (EEG) during sleep. It is not known whether the effects of hypnotics on EEG power spectra differ between the sexes. The effects of 5, 10 and 15 mg of gaboxadol (GBX) and 10 mg of zolpidem (ZOL) on EEG power spectra were assessed in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 5-way cross-over design study using a phase-advance model of transient insomnia. Sleep stage specific EEG power spectra were computed in 36 men and 45 women. GBX enhanced power density in delta and theta activity in non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, and suppressed sleep spindle activity in NREM sleep. The increase of delta and theta activity in NREM and REM sleep was significantly larger for women than for men but the suppression of spindle activity did not differ between the sexes. After ZOL administration, no sex differences were observed in the reduction of delta and theta activity in NREM sleep, but the increase in sleep spindle activity in NREM sleep was greater in women than in men. These sex dependent and differential effects of GBX and ZOL may be related to their differential affinity for GABA(A) receptor subtypes and their modulation by neurosteroids.
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356
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Peters S, Egert A, Stieger B, Keller F. Functional identification of Arabidopsis ATSIP2 (At3g57520) as an alkaline α-galactosidase with a substrate specificity for raffinose and an apparent sink-specific expression pattern. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2010; 51:1815-9. [PMID: 20739305 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcq127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Arabidopsis ATSIP2 has recently been suggested to be a raffinose synthase gene. However, it has high amino acid identity to functionally characterized alkaline α-galactosidases from Cucumis melo and Zea mays. Using the Sf9 insect cell expression system, we demonstrate that recombinant ATSIP2 is a genuine alkaline α-galactosidase with a distinct substrate specificity for raffinose, and not a raffinose synthase. A β-glucuronidase reporter construct using the ATSIP2 promoter shows that ATSIP2 is strongly expressed in sink tissues of Arabidopsis, i.e. sink leaves and non-xylem parts of the root stele, suggesting a physiological function in raffinose phloem unloading.
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Young G, Garofalo R, Harmer O, Peters S. The effect of soft contact lens care products on lens modulus. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2010; 33:210-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2010.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2009] [Revised: 04/28/2010] [Accepted: 06/07/2010] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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358
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Wilkie R, Peters S. Improving work participation for people with musculoskeletal conditions: challenges and opportunities. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2010; 49:1611-2. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keq221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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359
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Wearden AJ, Dowrick C, Chew-Graham C, Bentall RP, Morriss RK, Peters S, Riste L, Richardson G, Lovell K, Dunn G. Authors' reply. West J Med 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.c2992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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360
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Wagner AD, Zaman K, Peters S, Montemurro M, Leyvraz S. [Anti-angiogenic therapies for metastatic colorectal, breast and lung cancer: benefits and risks]. REVUE MEDICALE SUISSE 2010; 6:1070-1073. [PMID: 20564866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Anti-angiogenic therapies have recently enriched the therapeutic armentarium against the most common cancers. Among these, bevacizumab, a monoclonal antibody against vascular endothelial growth factor, is currently used most frequently. While the addition of bevacizumab to chemotherapy improves overall survival in first and second line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer, its effect in metastatic breast cancer is limited to improvements in tumor response and progression-free-survival. In non-small-cell lung cancer, the positive results of a first American phase III study have not been confirmed by a second European study and are subject to controversies. A summary of the data concerning anti-angiogenic therapies in these three cancers is presented including safety information.
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361
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Olencki T, Peters S, Hoang P, Taylor C, Villalona-Calero MA, Kendra KL. A phase II study of dasatinib in patients with transplant and nontransplant-related unresectable/metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.e19026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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362
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Peters S, Nicolas V, Heyer C. Multidetector computed tomography-spectrum of blunt chest wall and lung injuries in polytraumatized patients. Clin Radiol 2010; 65:333-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2009.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2009] [Revised: 12/09/2009] [Accepted: 12/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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363
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Peters S, Graziano P, Pennekamp W, Nicolas V. Elongation des Processus styloideus – eine häufige Normvariante mit Krankheitswert? ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1253074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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364
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Peters S, Graziano P, Nicolas V. [An adult diagnosed situs anomaly--a (not so rare?) surprise finding]. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2010; 182:359-61. [PMID: 20169521 DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1245139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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365
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Morriss R, Gask L, Dowrick C, Dunn G, Peters S, Ring A, Davies J, Salmon P. Randomized trial of reattribution on psychosocial talk between doctors and patients with medically unexplained symptoms. Psychol Med 2010; 40:325-333. [PMID: 19573262 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291709990353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In reattribution, general practitioners (GPs) request psychosocial information directly and explain medically unexplained symptoms (MUS) using psychosocial information in the consultation. We explored whether reattribution training (RT) increased the communication of psychosocial information and decreased communication about somatic intervention between GPs and their MUS patients. METHOD A cluster randomized controlled trial (RCT) of RT versus usual treatment in GPs from 16 practices and 141 patients with MUS on audio-recorded and transcribed doctor-patient communication in an index consultation. In a secondary data analysis, the Liverpool Clinical Interaction Analysis Scheme (LCIAS) was applied by an experienced rater to each turn of speech in the transcript from the index consultation blind to treatment allocation. RESULTS After RT, patients were more likely to disclose and discuss psychosocial problems, and propose psychosocial explanations for symptoms; around 25% of patients discussed psychosocial information extensively. In the RT group, GPs did not seek new psychosocial disclosure but they reduced advocacy for somatic intervention. After RT, GPs suggested, on average, two utterances of psychosocial explanation and six utterances of somatic intervention. CONCLUSIONS After RT, some patients discussed psychosocial issues extensively but GPs did not probe underlying psychosocial issues. They gave mixed psychosocial and somatic messages about MUS, which may have increased patients' concerns about their health. GPs should actively seek the disclosure of underlying psychosocial problems and give clear, unambiguous messages to MUS patients when they are willing to discuss psychosocial issues.
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366
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Lobban F, Taylor L, Chandler C, Tyler E, Kinderman P, Kolamunnage-Dona R, Gamble C, Peters S, Pontin E, Sellwood W, Morriss RK. Enhanced relapse prevention for bipolar disorder by community mental health teams: cluster feasibility randomised trial. Br J Psychiatry 2010; 196:59-63. [PMID: 20044662 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.bp.109.065524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Relapse prevention for bipolar disorder increases time to relapse but is not available in routine practice. AIMS To determine the feasibility and effectiveness of training community mental health teams (CMHTs) to deliver enhanced relapse prevention. METHOD In a cluster randomised controlled trial, CMHT workers were allocated to receive 12 h training in enhanced relapse prevention to offer to people with bipolar disorder or to continue giving treatment as usual. The primary outcome was time to relapse and the secondary outcome was functioning. RESULTS Twenty-three CMHTs and 96 service users took part. Compared with treatment as usual, enhanced relapse prevention increased median time to the next bipolar episode by 8.5 weeks (hazard ratio 0.79, 95% CI 0.45-1.38). Social and occupational functioning improved with the intervention (regression coefficient 0.68, 95% CI 0.05-1.32). The clustering effect was negligible but imprecise (intracluster correlation coefficient 0.0001, 95% CI 0.0000-0.5142). CONCLUSIONS Training care coordinators to offer enhanced relapse prevention for bipolar disorder may be a feasible effective treatment. Large-scale cluster trials are needed.
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367
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Rohr M, Klette E, Ruppert S, Bimzcok R, Klebon B, Heinrich U, Tronnier H, Johncock W, Peters S, Pflücker F, Rudolph T, Flösser-Müller H, Jenni K, Kockott D, Lademann J, Herzog B, Bielfeldt S, Mendrok-Edinger C, Hanay C, Zastrow L. In vitro Sun Protection Factor: Still a Challenge with No Final Answer. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2010; 23:201-12. [DOI: 10.1159/000292777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2009] [Accepted: 12/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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368
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Lachlan RF, Verhagen L, Peters S, Cate CT. Are there species-universal categories in bird song phonology and syntax? A comparative study of chaffinches (Fringilla coelebs), zebra finches (Taenopygia guttata), and swamp sparrows (Melospiza georgiana). J Comp Psychol 2010; 124:92-108. [DOI: 10.1037/a0016996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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369
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van Beurden SJ, Bossers A, Voorbergen-Laarman MHA, Haenen OLM, Peters S, Abma-Henkens MHC, Peeters BPH, Rottier PJM, Engelsma MY. Complete genome sequence and taxonomic position of anguillid herpesvirus 1. J Gen Virol 2009; 91:880-7. [DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.016261-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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370
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Peters S, Peredkov S, Balkaya B, Ferretti N, Savci A, Vollmer A, Neeb M, Eberhardt W. Inner-shell photoionization spectroscopy on deposited metal clusters using soft x-ray synchrotron radiation: an experimental setup. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2009; 80:125106. [PMID: 20059169 DOI: 10.1063/1.3267193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Exploration of mass-selected clusters by soft x-ray synchrotron radiation is well suited to receive element specific information on clusters in contact with a support and to systematically follow the evolution of size-dependent electronic and geometrical properties from the smallest clusters toward the bulk. Here we describe an experimental setup, which combines cluster synthesis, mass selection, soft landing, ultrahigh vacuum transfer, and photoionization experiments such as x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, x-ray absorption, and Auger electron spectroscopy. First spectroscopic results and experimental conditions are briefly discussed for Cu(19) deposited onto the natural oxide layer of a Si-wafer surface.
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371
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Lemburg S, Atta A, Peters S, Roggenland D, Nicolas V, Altenbernd J, Heyer C. Lagebeurteilung transpedikulärer Schrauben nach dorsaler Spondylodese mittels konventioneller Röntgenaufnahmen: ein Vergleich zur Mehrzeilen-Computertomografie. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2009; 182:327-33. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1109836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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372
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Quérée P, Peters S, Sharp T. Further pharmacological characterization of 5-HT(2C) receptor agonist-induced inhibition of 5-HT neuronal activity in the dorsal raphe nucleus in vivo. Br J Pharmacol 2009; 158:1477-85. [PMID: 19845681 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00406.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Recent experiments using non-selective 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)(2C) receptor agonists including WAY 161503 suggested that midbrain 5-HT neurones are under the inhibitory control of 5-HT(2C) receptors, acting via neighbouring gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurones. The present study extended this pharmacological characterization by comparing the actions of WAY 161503 with the 5-HT(2C) receptor agonists, Ro 60-0275 and 1-(3-chlorophenyl) piperazine (mCPP), as well as the non-selective 5-HT agonist lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and the 5-HT releasing agent 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA). EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH 5-HT neuronal activity was measured in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) using extracellular recordings in anaesthetized rats. The activity of DRN GABA neurones was assessed using double-label immunohistochemical measurements of Fos and glutamate decarboxylase (GAD). KEY RESULTS Ro 60-0175, like WAY 161503, inhibited 5-HT neurone firing, and the 5-HT(2C) antagonist SB 242084 reversed this effect. mCPP also inhibited 5-HT neurone firing ( approximately 60% neurones) in a SB 242084-reversible manner. LSD inhibited 5-HT neurone firing; however, this effect was not altered by either SB 242084 or the 5-HT(2A/C) receptor antagonist ritanserin but was reversed by the 5-HT(1A) receptor antagonist WAY 100635. Similarly, MDMA inhibited 5-HT neurone firing in a manner reversible by WAY 100635, but not SB 242084 or ritanserin. Finally, both Ro 60-0275 and mCPP, like WAY 161503, increased Fos expression in GAD-positive DRN neurones. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS These data strengthen the hypothesis that midbrain 5-HT neurones are under the inhibitory control of 5-HT(2C) receptors, and suggest that the 5-HT(2C) agonists Ro 60-0175, mCPP and WAY 161503, but not LSD or MDMA, are useful probes of the mechanism(s) involved.
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Heyer C, Peters S, Lemburg S. Die Struktur des Deutschen Röntgenkongresses und die wissenschaftliche Behandlung der Themen Strahlendosis und Dosisreduktion: eine Analyse der Jahre 1998 – 2008. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2009; 181:1065-72. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1109818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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374
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Kraus PH, Klotz P, Kohlhepp W, Peters S, Przuntek H, Hoffmann A. Verlangsamung schneller oszillierender und repetitiver Bewegungen bei der Parkinson-Krankheit. AKTUELLE NEUROLOGIE 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1238525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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375
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Peters S, Keller F. Frost tolerance in excised leaves of the common bugle (Ajuga reptans L.) correlates positively with the concentrations of raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs). PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2009; 32:1099-107. [PMID: 19422612 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2009.01991.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Mass increases in raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs, alpha1,6-galactosyl extensions of sucrose) are well documented in the generative tissues of many plants upon cold acclimation, and they (i.e. mainly the two shortest RFO members, raffinose and stachyose) have been suggested as frost stress protectants. Our focus here was on the longer RFO members as they commonly occur in the frost-hardy evergreen labiate Ajuga reptans in its natural habitat, and accumulate to their highest concentrations in winter when the plant is faced with sub-zero temperatures. We examined the effects of RFO concentration and chain length on frost tolerance using excised leaves which accumulate long-chain RFOs under both cold and warm conditions, thereby uncoupling the acclimation temperature from RFO production. We demonstrated that frost tolerance in excised A. reptans leaves correlates positively with long-chain RFO accumulation under both acclimation temperatures. After 24 d post-excision in the warm, the leaves had increased their RFO concentrations (mainly long-chain RFOs) 22-fold to 78 mg g(-1) fresh weight, and decreased their EL(50) values (temperature at which 50% leakage occurred) from -10.5 to -24.5 degrees C, suggesting a protective role for these oligosaccharides in the natural frost tolerance of A. reptans.
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