376
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Lee HJ, Shin DH, Choi JS, Kim KH. Leukocytoclastic vasculitis associated with influenza A virus infection. J Korean Med Sci 2012; 27:1601-3. [PMID: 23255867 PMCID: PMC3524447 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2012.27.12.1601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Leukocytoclastic vasculitis (LCV) usually presents palpable purpura characterized by inflammation of vessel walls and fragmentation of nuclei. Various conditions can cause LCV, and it can be induced by influenza A virus infection. We report a 2-yr-old Korean girl who presented palpable purpuric and hemorrhagic lesions with fever. She was diagnosed as LCV by skin biopsy, and influenza A virus was isolated from nasopharyngeal swab. She was treated with oseltamivir (Tamiflu®) and prednisolone with dramatic effect of vasculitis and fever.
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MESH Headings
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use
- Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use
- Child, Preschool
- Female
- Fever/etiology
- Humans
- Influenza A virus/genetics
- Influenza A virus/isolation & purification
- Influenza, Human/complications
- Influenza, Human/drug therapy
- Influenza, Human/virology
- Nasopharynx/virology
- Oseltamivir/therapeutic use
- Prednisolone/therapeutic use
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Skin/pathology
- Vasculitis, Leukocytoclastic, Cutaneous/diagnosis
- Vasculitis, Leukocytoclastic, Cutaneous/drug therapy
- Vasculitis, Leukocytoclastic, Cutaneous/etiology
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377
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Lee HJ, Shin DH, Choi JS, Kim KH. Metastatic adenocarcinoma from the lung diagnosed by presenting sign of a hemangioma-like cutaneous lesion. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 148:1329-31. [PMID: 23165850 DOI: 10.1001/archdermatol.2012.1963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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378
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Kahila Bar-Gal G, Kim MJ, Klein A, Shin DH, Oh CS, Kim JW, Kim TH, Kim SB, Grant PR, Pappo O, Spigelman M, Shouval D. Tracing hepatitis B virus to the 16th century in a Korean mummy. Hepatology 2012; 56:1671-80. [PMID: 22610996 DOI: 10.1002/hep.25852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2012] [Accepted: 05/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED A rare find of a mummified child from the 16th century AD, in Korea, with relatively preserved organs, enabled a search for ancient hepatitis B virus (aHBV) DNA sequences from laparoscopic-derived liver biopsies. Analysis of the complete aHBV genome (3,215 base pairs) revealed a unique HBV genotype C2 (HBV/C2) sequence commonly spread in Southeast Asia, which probably represents an HBV that infected the Joseon Dynasty population in Korea. Comparison of the aHBV sequences with contemporary HBV/C2 DNA sequences revealed distinctive differences along four open reading frames. Genetic diversity between contemporary and recovered aHBV/C2 DNA may be the result of immunologic, environmental, and/or pharmacologic pressures. The calculated time of most recent common ancestor suggests that the Korean HBV sequence origin dates back at least 3,000 years and possibly as long as 100,000 years. This isolate most likely represents the earliest human HBV sequence that colonized Southeast Asia by human migration. CONCLUSION This study describes the complete sequence of the oldest HBV isolate and the most ancient full viral genome known so far.
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379
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Park WY, Kim MH, Shin DH, Lee JH, Choi KU, Kim JY, Park DY, Lee CH, Sol MY. Ciliated adenocarcinomas of the lung: a tumor of non-terminal respiratory unit origin. Mod Pathol 2012; 25:1265-74. [PMID: 22555174 DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2012.76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Whereas most carcinomas occur through a sequential step, atypical adenomatous hyperplasia and bronchioloalveolar carcinoma pathway is known for pulmonary adenocarcinoma. This type is known as terminal respiratory unit adenocarcinoma. Based on our observation of transitions from normal ciliated columnar cells to adenocarcinoma via dysplastic mucous columnar cells, we reviewed our archive of pulmonary adenocarcinoma. Terminal respiratory unit type adenocarcinoma was defined as adenocarcinoma with type II pneumocyte, Clara cell, or bronchiolar cell morphology according to previous reports. Among 157 cases, 121 cases have been identified as terminal respiratory unit type adenocarcinoma and 36 cases as non-terminal respiratory unit type adenocarcinoma. Among non-terminal respiratory unit type adenocarcinoma, 24 cases revealed mucous columnar cell changes that were continuous with bronchial ciliated columnar cells. The mucous columnar cells became dysplastic showing loss of cilia, disorientation, and enlarged nuclei. Adenocarcinoma arose from these dysplastic mucous columnar cells and, characteristically, this type of adenocarcinoma showed acute inflammation, and honeycombing changes in the background. TTF1 immunostaining was consistently negative. In a case study with 14 males and 10 females, including 12 smokers or ex-smokers, EGFR and KRAS mutations were detected in 3 and 6 patients, respectively. We think that this kind of adenocarcinoma arising through mucous columnar cell change belongs to non-terminal respiratory unit type adenocarcinoma, and mucous columnar cell change is a precursor lesion of pulmonary adenocarcinoma.
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380
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Kim TU, Kim S, Lee JW, Lee NK, Jeon UB, Ha HG, Shin DH. Plasma cell type of Castleman's disease involving renal parenchyma and sinus with cardiac tamponade: case report and literature review. Korean J Radiol 2012; 13:658-63. [PMID: 22977337 PMCID: PMC3435867 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2012.13.5.658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2011] [Accepted: 12/09/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Castleman's disease is an uncommon disorder characterized by benign proliferation of the lymphoid tissue that occurs most commonly in the mediastinum. Although unusual locations and manifestations have been reported, involvement of the renal parenchyma and sinus, and moreover, manifestations as cardiac tamponade are extremely rare. Here, we present a rare case of Castleman's disease in the renal parenchyma and sinus that also accompanied cardiac tamponade.
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381
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Yu GI, Kim SK, Park HJ, Kim JW, Chung JH, Shin DH. The C allele of synonymous SNP (rs1142636, Asn170Asn) in SYN1 is a risk factor for the susceptibility of Korean female schizophrenia. Synapse 2012; 66:979-83. [PMID: 22807112 DOI: 10.1002/syn.21583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2012] [Revised: 07/05/2012] [Accepted: 07/10/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the exonic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of synapsin I (SYN1) (rs1142636, Asn170Asn, Xp11.23) and SYN2 (rs2289708, 3'-untranslated region, 3p25) in schizopherenia. METHODS Two hundred eighty six schizophrenia patients and 304 control subjects were recruited. SNPs with a know heterozygosity and minor allele frequency (MAF) > 0.1 in Asian populations were selected and genotyped by direct sequencing. RESULTS The allelic frequencies of rs1142636 (SYN1) were associated with schizophrenia (P < 0.05), respectively. The allelic frequency of rs1142636 in all subjects was associated with schizophrenia [P = 0.000059, OR = 2.17 (95% CI = 1.47-3.18)]. The C allele frequency of rs1142636 was higher in schizophrenia (20.8%) than that in controls (10.8%). In the analysis of gender, the allelic frequency of rs1142636 was also strongly associated with female schizophrenia [P = 0.0001, OR = 2.65 (95% CI = 1.61-4.36)], but not with male schizophrenia. The C allele frequency of rs1142636 was higher in female schizophrenia (22.2%) than that in female controls (9.7%). The rs2289708 SNP (SYN2) did not show any association between schizophrenia and controls. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the C allele of a synonymous SNP (rs1142636, Asn170Asn, Xp11.23) in SYN1 may be a risk factor for the susceptibility of Koreran female schizophrenia.
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382
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Lee HJ, Park JY, Kim YS, Shin DH, Choi JS, Kim KH, Bae YK. Cardiac myxoma diagnosed by signs of purpuric macules on both palms and soles. Ann Dermatol 2012; 24:337-40. [PMID: 22879718 PMCID: PMC3412243 DOI: 10.5021/ad.2012.24.3.337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2011] [Revised: 06/09/2011] [Accepted: 06/09/2011] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac myxoma, the most prevalent primary cardiac tumor, is rare. The clinical features of this tumor are principally intracardiac obstruction, extracardiac embolism, and general symptoms including fever, myalgia, arthralgia. Although cutaneous manifestations in patients with cardiac myxoma are frequent, in rare cases, cutaneous signs have been clues to the correct diagnosis. We report a 42-year-old male who presented with recurrent multiple purpuric patches on both palms and soles for 4 months. Histopathological finding showed a myxomatous embolus in the arteriole in the lower dermis. Echocardiogram demonstrated the presence of a left atrial myxoma with a provisional diagnosis of left atrial myxoma. In our patient, skin examinations and histopathological finding led us to the diagnosis of cardiac myxoma.
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383
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Hong JM, Shin DH, Lim TS, Lee JS, Huh K. Galantamine administration in chronic post-stroke aphasia. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2012; 83:675-80. [PMID: 22595363 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2012-302268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the influence of galantamine on linguistic function, any associated factors in patients with chronic post-stroke aphasia were analysed. METHODS 45 patients younger than 75 years with chronic aphasia (≥1 year since onset) were prospectively enrolled in the study. Language testing was performed at weeks 0 and 16. Initial galantamine dose was 8 mg/day for 4 weeks, and 16 mg/day for the following 12 weeks. Efficacy was evaluated by the sum of four domains (spontaneous speech, comprehension, repetition and naming) on the aphasia quotient (AQ) of the Western Aphasia Battery from baseline (AQ1) to endpoint (AQ2). Patients were considered as 'responding' if the increase in AQ was ≥20. RESULTS Mean age was 60.4 years (22-74) and 14 patients were female. Mean duration of aphasia was 2.2±1.5 years. There was a significant increase in the total AQ score in the galantamine group (n=23, 48.5-57.0 percentile; p=0.007) but not in the control group (n=22, 54.3-54.9 percentile; p=0.308). The AQ2 score was independently associated with AQ1, galantamine administration and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score in multiple linear regression models. With the galantamine group, the good responders (vs poor responders) had a higher level of education (p=0.048), higher baseline MMSE score (p=0.009) and a subcortical dominant pattern (p=0.030). After adjusting for potential variables, subcortical dominant lesion was the independent determinant for galantamine responsiveness (OR 30.3; 95% CI 1.1 to 805.9, p=0.041). CONCLUSION Administration of galantamine had a beneficial effect on chronic post-stroke aphasia, and was more prominent in subcortical dominant lesions.
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384
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Son YK, Hong DH, Choi TH, Choi SW, Shin DH, Kim SJ, Jung ID, Park YM, Jung WK, Kim DJ, Choi IW, Park WS. The inhibitory effect of BIM (I) on L-type Ca²⁺ channels in rat ventricular cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 423:110-5. [PMID: 22634012 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.05.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2012] [Accepted: 05/16/2012] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the effect of a specific protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, bisindolylmaleimide I [BIM (I)], on L-type Ca(2+) channels in rat ventricular myocytes. BIM (I) alone inhibited the L-type Ca(2+) current in a concentration-dependent manner, with a K(d) value of 3.31 ± 0.25 μM, and a Hill coefficient of 2.34 ± 0.23. Inhibition was immediate after applying BIM (I) in the bath solution and then it partially washed out. The steady-state activation curve was not altered by applying 3μ M BIM (I), but the steady-state inactivation curve shifted to a more negative potential with a change in the slope factor. Other PKC inhibitors, PKC-IP and chelerythrine, showed no significant effects either on the L-type Ca(2+) current or on the inhibitory effect of BIM (I) on the L-type Ca(2+) current. The results suggest that the inhibitory effect of BIM (I) on the L-type Ca(2+) current is independent of the PKC pathway. Thus, our results should be considered in studies using BIM (I) to inhibit PKC activity and ion channel modulation.
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385
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Pak MG, Kim KB, Shin N, Kim WK, Shin DH, Choi KU, Sol MY. Ectomesenchymal chondromyxoid tumor in the anterior tongue: case report of a unique tumor. KOREAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2012; 46:192-6. [PMID: 23110000 PMCID: PMC3479778 DOI: 10.4132/koreanjpathol.2012.46.2.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2010] [Revised: 03/20/2011] [Accepted: 04/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Ectomesenchymal chondromyxoid tumor (ECMT) is a rare tumor, exclusively arising in the anterior tongue. Thirty-eight cases have been reported in the English literature. It usually presents as a sessile protrusion and shows round to spindle cells embedded in myxoid to chondroid stroma. Tumor cells are almost always positive for polyclonal glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). We report our experience in the recent treatment of a case of ECMT, the third case in 3 years. The mass in the anterior tongue revealed characteristic morphologic features of ECMT and the expression of polyclonal GFAP. Although ECMT should be differentiated from other mesenchymal tumors including myoepithelioma, its clinical, morphological, and immunohistochemical features enable its diagnosis, especially when pathologists are aware of it.
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386
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Shin DH, Oh CS, Chai JY, Ji MJ, Lee HJ, Seo M. Sixteenth century Gymnophalloides seoi infection on the coast of the Korean Peninsula. J Parasitol 2012; 98:1283-6. [PMID: 22524319 DOI: 10.1645/ge-2920.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Gymnophalloides seoi is a trematode species discovered as recently as 1993. Interestingly, ancient G. seoi eggs were identified in our earlier study on a 17th Century female mummy unearthed in a Korean county (HD-1) where G. seoi infection, according to a nationwide survey of 2001, was considered not to have been endemic. Although we suspected that the geographical distribution of G. seoi might have contracted over the past several hundred years from wider coastal areas on the Korean peninsula to the much more restricted region delineated by the survey, there has been only the single, above-noted report of an ancient G. seoi infection in a currently non-endemic area. As such, more evidence is needed before our contraction theory of G. seoi infection prevalence can be confirmed as fact. Our current report in this regard will perhaps help to end the controversy. In a newly discovered 17th Century male mummy found in another Korean county considered non-endemic by the 2001 survey, we identified a large number of ancient G. seoi eggs. We believe that this additional evidence for a wider distribution of G. seoi infection prior to the 20th Century is invaluable support for our earlier hypothesis.
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387
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Shin DH, Lim TS, Yong SW, Lee JS, Choi JY, Hong JM. Posterior circulation embolism as a potential mechanism for migraine with aura. Cephalalgia 2012; 32:497-9. [DOI: 10.1177/0333102412441722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Although the mechanism of migraine is regarded as a functional disorder of the brain, numerous studies have reported that migraine is closely associated with vascular system abnormalities. Case reports: We describe a 19-year-old female with recurrent migraine attacks and typical aura for 7 years. MRI showed multiple stroke lesions in the posterior circulation. Moreover, a pseudoaneurysm (1.9 × 1.4 cm) originating from the left vertebral artery was observed on four-vessel angiography. Multiple microembolic signals (MES) were repeatedly observed in the basilar artery using 30-minute transcranial Doppler monitoring. Interestingly, MES and her typical migrainous symptoms disappeared simultaneously with removal of the pseudoaneurysm. Discussion: This case supports the fact that microemboli play a pivotal role in the development of migraine attacks.
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388
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Pak MG, Shin DH, Lee CH, Lee MK. Significance of EpCAM and TROP2 expression in non-small cell lung cancer. World J Surg Oncol 2012; 10:53. [PMID: 22482828 PMCID: PMC3342122 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7819-10-53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2012] [Accepted: 04/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The tumor-associated calcium signal transducer (TACSTD) genes, originally designated epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) and TROP2, represent true oncogenes. Little is known about EpCAM and TROP2 gene expression in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). This study evaluated EpCAM and TROP2 protein expression and clinicopathologic significance in cases of NSCLC. Methods Tissue microarray blocks acquired from 164 cases of NSCLC, including 100 cases of adenocarcinoma (AdC) and 64 of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), were examined by immunohistochemical staining for EpCAM, and TROP2. The results were correlated with clinicopathologic data. Results EpCAM and TROP2 were significantly overexpressed in SCC than in AdC (P < 0.01). In AdC, EpCAM overexpression was closely related to sex, histologic grade, pathologic T stage, pathologic N stage, and TNM stage, and TROP2 overexpression was only related to histologic grade (P < 0.05, respectively). In SCC, correlations were evident between EpCAM overexpression and TNM stage (P = 0.01), and between TROP2 overexpression and pathologic T stage (P = 0.02). EpCAM overexpression showed no significance with overall survival in AdC and SCC patients. However, TROP2 overexpression in AdC had a positive influence on overall survival (P = 0.02) and disease-free survival (P = 0.03). In particular, AdC patients with stage II or III showed better overall survival (P = 0.05) and disease-free survival (P = 0.04). Conclusions While EpCAM and TROP2 show weak and non-complete membranous staining in normal bronchial epithelium and pneumocyte, their complete membranous expression in carcinoma suggests their role in carcinogenesis. EpCAM and TROP2 were more frequently overexpressed in SCC. EpCAM overexpression had no prognostic value in this study, but TROP2 overexpression showed better survival in AdC patients and might be a better prognostic marker in advanced stage AdC.
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389
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Abstract
Hereditary sclerosing poikiloderma (HSP) is a very rare disease. The clinical features are principally widespread poikiloderma and linear hyperkeratotic and sclerotic bands. We report an 18-yr-old male who presented reticular hyperpigmented lesions on the trunk and extremities since 2-yr-old. Also, linear sclerosing bands appeared on both antecubital and popliteal fossae after yr. Histopathologic finding showed dense sclerotic collagen fibers with telangiectasia in the upper dermis and fragmentations of damaged elastic fibers in the elastic stain, consistent with HSP. We report the first Korean case of HSP.
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390
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Oh CS, Lee SJ, Park JB, Lee SD, Seo SB, Kim HY, Kim J, Kim YS, Shin DH. Autosomal Short Tandem Repeat Analysis of Ancient DNA by Coupled Use of Mini- and Conventional STR Kits*. J Forensic Sci 2012; 57:820-5. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1556-4029.2011.02044.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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391
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Shin DH, Oh CS, Kim YS, Hwang YI. Ancient-to-modern secular changes in Korean stature. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2012; 147:433-42. [PMID: 22270697 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.22011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2011] [Accepted: 12/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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392
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Park WY, Shin DH, Kim JH, Lee MK, Lee HS, Lee CH. Overexpression of Periostin Protein in Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma is Not Related with Clinical Prognostic Significance. Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul) 2012. [DOI: 10.4046/trd.2012.72.2.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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393
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Yoo HY, Park SJ, Seo EY, Park KS, Han JA, Kim KS, Shin DH, Earm YE, Zhang YH, Kim SJ. Role of thromboxane A2-activated nonselective cation channels in hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction of rat. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2012; 302:C307-17. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00153.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) is critical for matching of ventilation/perfusion in lungs. Although hypoxic inhibition of K+ channels has been a leading hypothesis for depolarization of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) under hypoxia, pharmacological inhibition of K+ channels does not induce significant contraction in rat pulmonary arteries. Because a partial contraction by thromboxane A2 (TXA2) is required for induction of HPV, we hypothesize that TXA2 receptor (TP) stimulation might activate depolarizing nonselective cation channels (NSCs). Consistently, we found that 5–10 nM U46619, a stable agonist for TP, was indispensible for contraction of rat pulmonary arteries by 4-aminopyridine, a blocker of voltage-gated K+ channel (Kv). Whole cell voltage clamp with rat PASMC revealed that U46619 induced a NSC current ( INSC,TXA2) with weakly outward rectifying current-voltage relation. INSC,TXA2 was blocked by ruthenium red (RR), an antagonist of the transient receptor potential vanilloid-related channel (TRPV) subfamily. 2-Aminoethoxydiphenyl borate, an agonist for TRPV1–3, consistently activated NSC channels in PASMCs. In contrast, agonists for TRPV1 (capsaicin), TRPV3 (camphor), or TRPV4 (α-PDD) rarely induced an increase in the membrane conductance of PASMCs. RT-PCR analysis showed the expression of transcripts for TRPV2 and -4 in rat PASMCs. Finally, it was confirmed that pretreatment with RR largely inhibited HPV in the presence of U46619. The pretreatment with agonists for TRPV1 (capsaicin) and TRPV4 (α-PDD) was ineffective as pretone agents for HPV. Taken together, it is suggested that the concerted effects of INSC,TXA2 activation and Kv inhibition under hypoxia induce membrane depolarization sufficient for HPV. TRPV2 is carefully suggested as the TXA2-activated NSC in rat PASMC.
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394
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Shin DH, Lee SW, Hong YH, Hong JM, Lee JS. Ataxic hemiparesis in a patient with posterior cortical borderzone infarction. Neurol Sci 2011; 33:1487-8. [PMID: 22203335 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-011-0910-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2011] [Accepted: 12/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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395
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Oh CS, Lee SY, Lee IS, Kim YS, Koh KS, Shin DH. Differential findings in post-factum dissections of medieval Korean mummies exhibiting similar preservation patterns on computerized tomography images. Ann Anat 2011; 193:544-9. [PMID: 21444196 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2011.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2010] [Revised: 12/28/2010] [Accepted: 02/02/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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396
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Lee JS, Hong JM, Kim EJ, Shin DH, Joo IS, Lim YC, Suh SH, Kim SY. Comparison of the Incidence of parenchymal hematoma and poor outcome in patients with carotid terminus occlusion treated with intra-arterial urokinase alone or with combined IV rtPA and intra-arterial urokinase. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2011; 33:175-9. [PMID: 21998105 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a2722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Patients with acute CTO generally have a poor prognosis, despite IV or IA thrombolytic treatment. The goal of this study was to analyze the results of patients with CTO who had IA urokinase treatment with or without initial IV rtPA based on a bridging protocol. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixteen consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke due to CTO who had combined IV and IA or a single IA thrombolytic treatment were enrolled. The baseline characteristics and prognosis were described. The patients who did and did not develop a PH shortly after treatment were compared. RESULTS The mean age was 66.4 years, and the median initial NIHSS score was 17. The median dose of IA urokinase was 320,000 U, and recanalization (TICI grade II-III) was achieved in 12 patients (75%). However, 5 patients died and 10 patients had poor prognosis with mRS 5-6 at discharge. Six patients (37.5%) with a PH had a higher NIHSS score 1 day after treatment (26.7 versus 13.6, P = .002), and they had more frequent mortality (66.7% versus 10.0%, P = .018) and worse prognosis (mRS 5-6; 100% versus 40%, P = .016) at discharge than patients without PH. CONCLUSIONS Patients with CTO who received IA urokinase treatment based on a bridging protocol had a poor prognosis. The development of PH might affect this outcome.
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397
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Shin DH, Min HY, El-Naggar AK, Lippman SM, Glisson B, Lee HY. Akt/mTOR counteract the antitumor activities of cixutumumab, an anti-insulin-like growth factor I receptor monoclonal antibody. Mol Cancer Ther 2011; 10:2437-48. [PMID: 21980128 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-11-0235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Recent reports have shown limited anticancer therapeutic efficacy of insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R)-targeted monoclonal antibodies (mAb), but the resistance mechanisms have not been completely identified. Because cooperation between epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and IGF-IR could cause resistance to inhibitors of individual receptor tyrosine kinases, we investigated the involvement of EGFR signaling in resistance to IGF-1R mAb and the underlying mechanisms of action. Most head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) tissues had coexpression of total and phosphorylated IGF-1R and EGFR at high levels compared with paired adjacent normal tissues. Treatment with cixutumumab (IMC-A12), a fully humanized IgG1 mAb, induced activation of Akt and mTOR, resulting in de novo synthesis of EGFR, Akt1, and survivin proteins and activation of the EGFR pathway in cixutumumab-resistant HNSCC and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Targeting mTOR and EGFR pathways by treatment with rapamycin and cetuximab (an anti-EGFR mAb), respectively, prevented cixutumumab-induced expression of EGFR, Akt, and survivin and induced synergistic antitumor effects in vitro and in vivo. These data show that resistance to IGF-1R inhibition by mAbs is associated with Akt/mTOR-directed enhanced synthesis of EGFR, Akt1, and survivin. Our findings suggest that Akt/mTOR might be effective targets to overcome the resistance to IGF-1R mAbs in HNSCC and NSCLC.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/genetics
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/metabolism
- Drug Antagonism
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Head and Neck Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Head and Neck Neoplasms/genetics
- Head and Neck Neoplasms/metabolism
- Humans
- Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Lung Neoplasms/genetics
- Lung Neoplasms/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Nude
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/physiology
- Receptor, IGF Type 1/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, IGF Type 1/immunology
- Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck
- TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics
- TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/physiology
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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398
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Lee JH, Yang DH, Park HS, Cho Y, Jun JE, Park WH, Chun BY, Shin JY, Shin DH, Lee KS, Kim KS, Kim KB, Kim YJ, Chae SC. Incidence of hypertension in Korea: 5-year follow-up study. J Korean Med Sci 2011; 26:1286-92. [PMID: 22022179 PMCID: PMC3192338 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2011.26.10.1286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2011] [Accepted: 08/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Limited data are available about the incidence of hypertension over the 5-yr in non-hypertensive subjects. The study subjects were 1,806 subjects enrolled in a rural area of Daegu, Korea for a cohort study from August to November 2003. Of them, 1,287 (71.3%) individuals had another examination 5 yr later. To estimate the incidence of hypertension, 730 non-hypertensive individuals (265 males; mean age = 56.6 ± 11.1 yr-old) at baseline examination were analyzed in this study. Hypertension was defined as either a new diagnosis of hypertension or self-reports of newly initiated antihypertensive treatment; prehypertension was if the systolic blood pressure was 120-139 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure was 80-89 mmHg. During the 5-yr follow-up, 195 (26.7%) non-hypertensive individuals developed incident hypertension. The age-adjusted 5-yr incidence rates of hypertension were 22.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 19.9-29.0) in overall subjects, 22.2% (95% CI = 17.2-27.2) in men, and 24.3% (95% CI = 20.4-28.2) in women. The incidence rates of hypertension significantly increased with age. In the multivariate analysis, prehypertension (Odds ratio [OR] 2.25; P < 0.001) and older age (OR 2.26; P = 0.010) were independent predictors for incident hypertension. In this rapidly aging society, population-based preventive approach to decrease blood pressure, particularly in subjects with prehypertension, is needed to reduce hypertension.
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399
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Shin DH, Oh CS, Chai JY, Lee HJ, Seo M. Enterobius vermicularis eggs discovered in coprolites from a medieval Korean mummy. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2011; 49:323-6. [PMID: 22072838 PMCID: PMC3210855 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2011.49.3.323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2011] [Revised: 08/04/2011] [Accepted: 08/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
While the presence of pinworm eggs in archaeological samples has been reported by many researchers in the New World, those have been detected very scarcely in the Old World, especially in East Asian countries. In fact, many parasite species were recovered from the archeological remains in Korea, eggs of Enterobius vermicularis had not been found. Recently, a female mummy buried in the 17th century was discovered in the Joseon tomb from Dangjin-gun, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea. After rehydration process for 12 days, investigations were carried on the luminal surface of the colon. From them, 3 eggs of E. vermicularis were recovered. They were elliptical, transparent with a thin egg shell, 50.3±5.2 µm (length) and 28.2±3.9 µm (width) in size. This is the first discovery of E. vermicularis eggs in East Asia.
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400
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Shin DH, Seo EY, Pang B, Nam JH, Kim HS, Kim WK, Kim SJ. Inhibition of Ca2+-release-activated Ca2+ channel (CRAC) and K+ channels by curcumin in Jurkat-T cells. J Pharmacol Sci 2011; 115:144-154. [PMID: 21343666 DOI: 10.1254/jphs.10209fp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2010] [Accepted: 12/01/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The increase in cytoplasmic Ca(2+) concentration (Δ[Ca(2+)](c)) mediated by the Ca(2+)-release-activated Ca(2+) channel (CRAC) is a critical signal for the activation of lymphocytes. Also, the voltage-gated K(+) channel (K(v)) and intermediate-conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) channel (IKCa1/SK4) have drawn attention as pharmacological targets for regulating immune responses. Since polyphenolic agents have various immunomodulatory effects, here we compared the effects of curcumin, rosmarinic acid, resveratrol, and epigallocatechin gallate on the ionic currents through CRAC (I(CRAC)), K(v) (I(Kv)), SK4 (I(SK4)) and on the Δ[Ca(2+)](c) of Jurkat-T cells using the patch clamp technique and fura-2 spectrofluorimetry. Curcumin (10 µM) inhibited store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE). Consistently, dose-dependent inhibition of I(CRAC) by curcumin was confirmed in Jurkat-T (IC(50), 5.9 µM) and the HEK293 cells overexpressing Orai1 and STIM1 (IC(50), 0.6 µM). Also, curcumin inhibited both I(Kv) (IC(50), 11.9 µM) and I(SK4) (IC(50), 4.2 µM). The other polyphenols (rosmarinic acid, resveratrol, and epigallocatechin gallate at 10 - 30 µM) had no effect on SOCE and showed only a partial inhibition of the K(+) currents. In summary, among the tested polyphenolic agents, curcumin showed prominent inhibition of major ion channels in lymphocytes, which might contribute to the anti-inflammatory effects of curcumin. [Supplementary Figures: available only at http://dx.doi.org/10.1254/jphs.10209FP].
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