Thiamin requirement of channel catfish fingerlings

In separate 20 and 12 week feeding studies, channel catfish fingerlings were fed semipurified diets containing five levels (0, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0 and 15.0 mg/kg) and six levels (0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0 mg/kg) of supplemented thiamin hydrochloride respectively. The dietary thiamin level required to provide maximal growth and prevent deficiency symptoms in channel catfish fingerlings was found to be approximately 1 mg/kg of diet. Fish fed unsupplemented diets (thiamin content of less 1 mg/kg diet) demonstrated anorexia, extremely poor growth, dark coloration of the skin and increased mortality rates. Neurological symptoms were not observed. Histological examinations of the heart, hepatopancreas, kidney, lateral muscle, gastrointestinal tract and gills of deficient fish revealed no abnormalities.

Drug resistance in Streptococcus pyogenes isolated in Japan

Drug resistance of Streptococcus pyogenes strains isolated during 1974 and 1975 in various districts in Japan were surveyed and compared with an earlier survey of 1970 to 1973. Of 1,021 strains, tetracycline-, macrolide antibiotic-, lincomycin-, and chloramphenicol-resistant strains were demonstrated at frequencies of 80.3, 62.3, 60.8, and 57.9%, respectively. Distinct group resistances to penicillin and aminoglycoside antibiotics could not be identified among the strains examined. It was characteristic that quadruple and triple resistances were manifested among the strains resistant to macrolide antibiotics, lincomycin, tetracycline, and chloramphenicol, and they were confined to the T-type 12. The emergence of multiply resistant streptococcal strains was due mostly to the rapid increase in isolation frequency of macrolide antibiotic- or macrolide antibiotics-lincomycin-resistant strains.

A solid-phase radioimmunoassay for IgG and IgM antigammaglobulin factor in rheumatoid arthritis sera

Rheumatoid factors of IgG and IgM class were detected by means of a solid-phase radioimmunoassay using formalinized sheep erythrocytes sensitized with rabbit anti-sheep erythrocyte serum and 125I-labelled anti-human IgG or anti-human IgM antibody. 28 of 35 sera and all of 7 synovial fluids of patients with rheumatoid arthritis showed positive reaction for both IgG and IgM rheumatoid factor, though the activity of IgM factor was mostly higher than that of IgG factor. However, rheumatoid factor present in synovial fluids of 3 seronegative patients was mainly of IgG class. Of 14 sera of patient with other collagen diseases, 11 showed IgG and 6 showed IgM rheumatoid factor. The IgG rheumatoid factor seemed to be associated with autologous IgG to form macro-molecular complexes which could be dissociated into 7S molecules of IgG rheumatoid factor and IgG by acid treatment.

Angiogenic tumor in the small intestine. A case report and review of the literature published in Japan

1) A rare case of such angiogenic tumor in the duodenum as presumed to be hemangioblastoma was reported in detail. 2) Cases of angiogenic tumor in the small intestine reported in Japan were reviewed and summarized.

Studies on the vitamin C requirements of channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus)

Three feeding studies on the vitamin C requirements of channel catfish were conducted with practical and semipurified diets. In a long-duration study in which fish achieved almost a 4,000% increase in weight, 50 mg of l-ascorbic acid/kg diet was required for maximal growth and food efficiency. A diet stability study revealed that excessive losses in activity of l-ascorbic acid occurred when practical diets were stored for 16 weeks at 20 degrees. The typical scoliosis condition associated with severe vitamin C deficiency in fish occurred in the nonsupplemented groups in the study with practical diets. Severe growth reductions were obtained from fish fed nonsupplemented semi-purified diets, yet no incidences of spinal abnormalities were noted.

Biocarbonate Effect on the Photophosphorylation Catalyzed by Chromatophores Isolated from Chromatium Strain D: XII. Structure and Function of Chloroplast Proteins

Photophosphorylation catalyzed by chromatophores prepared from Chromatium strain D was stimulated by bicarbonate. The stimulative effect was pH dependent and the lower the pH the more marked the activation. At pH 8.0, bicarbonate (8 mm) exhibited a negligible effect, whereas at pH 7.0 approximately a 5-fold activation was observed. The apparent activation constant of bicarbonate was determined to be approximately 10.2 mm, at which concentration approximately a 7-fold activation of photophosphorylation was observed.