401
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Collins BA, Cochran JE, Yan H, Gann E, Hub C, Fink R, Wang C, Schuettfort T, McNeill CR, Chabinyc ML, Ade H. Polarized X-ray scattering reveals non-crystalline orientational ordering in organic films. NATURE MATERIALS 2012; 11:536-43. [PMID: 22504534 DOI: 10.1038/nmat3310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2011] [Accepted: 03/20/2012] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Molecular orientation critically influences the mechanical, chemical, optical and electronic properties of organic materials. So far, molecular-scale ordering in soft matter could be characterized with X-ray or electron microscopy techniques only if the sample exhibited sufficient crystallinity. Here, we show that the resonant scattering of polarized soft X-rays (P-SoXS) by molecular orbitals is not limited by crystallinity and that it can be used to probe molecular orientation down to size scales of 10 nm. We first apply the technique on highly crystalline small-molecule thin films and subsequently use its high sensitivity to probe the impact of liquid-crystalline ordering on charge mobility in polymeric transistors. P-SoXS also reveals scattering anisotropy in amorphous domains of all-polymer organic solar cells where interfacial interactions pattern orientational alignment in the matrix phase, which probably plays an important role in the photophysics. The energy and q-dependence of the scattering anisotropy allows the identification of the composition and the degree of orientational order in the domains.
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402
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Gann E, Young AT, Collins BA, Yan H, Nasiatka J, Padmore HA, Ade H, Hexemer A, Wang C. Soft x-ray scattering facility at the Advanced Light Source with real-time data processing and analysis. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2012; 83:045110. [PMID: 22559579 DOI: 10.1063/1.3701831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We present the development and characterization of a dedicated resonant soft x-ray scattering facility. Capable of operation over a wide energy range, the beamline and endstation are primarily used for scattering from soft matter systems around the carbon K-edge (∼285 eV). We describe the specialized design of the instrument and characteristics of the beamline. Operational characteristics of immediate interest to users such as polarization control, degree of higher harmonic spectral contamination, and detector noise are delineated. Of special interest is the development of a higher harmonic rejection system that improves the spectral purity of the x-ray beam. Special software and a user-friendly interface have been implemented to allow real-time data processing and preliminary data analysis simultaneous with data acquisition.
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403
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Yan H, Guo H. Efficiency and its bounds for thermal engines at maximum power using Newton's law of cooling. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2012; 85:011146. [PMID: 22400551 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.85.011146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2011] [Revised: 09/29/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We study a thermal engine model for which Newton's cooling law is obeyed during heat transfer processes. The thermal efficiency and its bounds at maximum output power are derived and discussed. This model, though quite simple, can be applied not only to Carnot engines but also to four other types of engines. For the long thermal contact time limit, new bounds, tighter than what were known before, are obtained. In this case, this model can simulate Otto, Joule-Brayton, Diesel, and Atkinson engines. While in the short contact time limit, which corresponds to the Carnot cycle, the same efficiency bounds as that from Esposito et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 150603 (2010)] are derived. In both cases, the thermal efficiency decreases as the ratio between the heat capacities of the working medium during heating and cooling stages increases. This might provide instructions for designing real engines.
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404
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Wang K, Yan H, Liu Y, Leng Z, Wang B, Zhao J. Increasing prevalence of HIV and syphilis but decreasing rate of self-reported unprotected anal intercourse among men who had sex with men in Harbin, China: results of five consecutive surveys from 2006 to 2010. Int J Epidemiol 2011; 41:423-32. [DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyr182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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405
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Song Z, Hua Z, You Y, Zhai Z, Yan H. A case of borderline leprosy presenting with urticaria-like eruptions: are there lessons to be learned for allergists? Allergy 2011; 66:1622-4. [PMID: 21988321 DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2011.02733.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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406
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Zhang ML, Yan H, Pan G. Microbial degradation of microcystin-LR by Ralstonia solanacearum. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2011; 33:1779-1787. [PMID: 22439565 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2011.556148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A bacterial strain was isolated from Lake Dianchi (China) and its degradability and degradative pathways of the cyanobacterial toxin microcystin-LR (MC-LR) were studied. On the basis of morphological, physiological and biochemical tests, the strain was identified as Ralstonia solanacearum. The acute oral toxicity tests showed that Ralstonia solanacearum belongs to a non-toxic class. This bacterium degraded MC-LR at the rate of 9.4 mg/L per day, which was higher than those of the other bacterial strains reported in the literature. As for the degradative pathways, the results showed that the Adda-Arg peptide bond of MC-LR was initially hydrolysed by Ralstonia solanacearum to form a linear molecule as an intermediate. The intermediate product subsequently underwent a cyclisation reaction via dehydration to form a final product with a small peptide ring at one end of the molecule. These biodegradative pathways were different from those reported with other bacterial strains, suggesting that MC-LR may undergo different transformations, and different products were formed due to different compositions of bacteria present in natural lakes and reservoirs. These results suggest that there is a significant potential for Ralstonia solanacearum as a degrader for MC-LR removal from wastewater.
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407
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Rai MA, Chun Hao S, Blais ME, Rostron T, Zhang Y, Xu KY, Yan H, McMichael AJ, Dong T, Rowland-Jones S. HLA allele distributions and associations in a cohort of LTNPs from China. Retrovirology 2011. [PMCID: PMC3112801 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-8-s1-a84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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408
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Ranadive SM, Fahs CA, Yan H, Rossow LM, Agiovlasitis S, Fernhall B. Comparison of the acute impact of maximal arm and leg aerobic exercise on arterial stiffness. Eur J Appl Physiol 2011; 112:2631-5. [PMID: 22083536 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-011-2238-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2011] [Accepted: 11/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Acute aerobic exercise decreases arterial stiffness based on the intensity of the exercise and the arterial segment studied. Arm exercise may differentially affect arterial stiffness compared to leg exercise but this has not been studied. We hypothesized that maximal aerobic exercise would reduce local peripheral pulse wave velocity i.e. femoral-dorsalis pedis (LPWV) following leg exercise and carotid-radial (APWV) following arm exercise without any crossover effect. The main purpose of the study is to compare the effects of maximal arm versus leg aerobic exercise on peripheral and central arterial stiffness. Fifteen healthy participants (9 males and 6 females, 25 ± 5 years) performed maximal arm-ergometer and leg-ergometer exercise in a randomized, crossover design. Peripheral and central pulse wave velocities (PWV) were obtained using applanation tonometry before and 10 min after each maximal exercise bout. 2 × 2 repeated measures analysis of variance was used to detect differences between conditions. There was a significant interaction in the APWV between the two exercise modes. However, there was no condition or interaction effect on LPWV following maximal arm versus leg exercise. There was no significant difference in central PWV between conditions or with time. There was no change in MAP (75 ± 6-77 ± 3) after maximal arm exercise as compared to the maximal leg exercise (73 ± 6-80 ± 2). Arm exercise produced a more generalized effect on arterial stiffness than leg exercise. The prescription of upper limb exercise may be considered for purposes of eliciting post-exercise systemic changes in arterial stiffness.
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409
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Wu Y, Kikuchi S, Yan H, Zhang W, Rosenbaum H, Iniguez AL, Jiang J. Euchromatic subdomains in rice centromeres are associated with genes and transcription. THE PLANT CELL 2011; 23:4054-64. [PMID: 22080597 PMCID: PMC3246336 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.111.090043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2011] [Revised: 10/04/2011] [Accepted: 10/25/2011] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The presence of the centromere-specific histone H3 variant, CENH3, defines centromeric (CEN) chromatin, but poorly understood epigenetic mechanisms determine its establishment and maintenance. CEN chromatin is embedded within pericentromeric heterochromatin in most higher eukaryotes, but, interestingly, it can show euchromatic characteristics; for example, the euchromatic histone modification mark dimethylated H3 Lys 4 (H3K4me2) is uniquely associated with animal centromeres. To examine the histone marks and chromatin properties of plant centromeres, we developed a genomic tiling array for four fully sequenced rice (Oryza sativa) centromeres and used chromatin immunoprecipitation-chip to study the patterns of four euchromatic histone modification marks: H3K4me2, trimethylated H3 Lys 4, trimethylated H3 Lys 36, and acetylated H3 Lys 4, 9. The vast majority of the four histone marks were associated with genes located in the H3 subdomains within the centromere cores. We demonstrate that H3K4me2 is not a ubiquitous component of rice CEN chromatin, and the euchromatic characteristics of rice CEN chromatin are hallmarks of the transcribed sequences embedded in the centromeric H3 subdomains. We propose that the transcribed sequences located in rice centromeres may provide a barrier preventing loading of CENH3 into the H3 subdomains. The separation of CENH3 and H3 subdomains in the centromere core may be favorable for the formation of three-dimensional centromere structure and for rice centromere function.
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410
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Li Z, Wang H, Lv S, Liu L, Guo W, Yuan M, Yan H, Zhao H, Lang S. Clinical comparative study on efficacy and safety for treatment of coronary heart disease with cobalt-base alloy bio absorbable polymer sirolimus-eluting stent and PARTNER stent. BRITISH HEART JOURNAL 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2011-300867.435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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411
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Liu W, Yan H, Lin W, Ahmad M, Cho B, Keall P, Luxton G, Xing L, Nath R. Optimizing Imaging Dose and Targeting Accuracy in IGRT for Real-time Radiographic Motion Tracking. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2011.06.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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412
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Zheng X, Huang Y, Wang Z, Yan H, Pan S, Wang H. Presumed cytomegalovirus-associated retrobulbar optic neuritis in a patient after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Transpl Infect Dis 2011; 14:177-9. [PMID: 22093546 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3062.2011.00678.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2010] [Revised: 06/03/2011] [Accepted: 07/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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413
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Yin F, Thomas A, Yan H, Vergalasova I, Adamovics J, Wu Q, Oldham M. SU-E-T-99: A Patient Specific QA Protocol for Verification of 4D Dosimetry. Med Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3612050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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414
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Malkowski S, Adhikari R, Hona B, Mattie C, Woods D, Yan H, Plaster B. Technique for high axial shielding factor performance of large-scale, thin, open-ended, cylindrical Metglas magnetic shields. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2011; 82:075104. [PMID: 21806224 DOI: 10.1063/1.3605665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Metglas 2705M is a low-cost commercially available, high-permeability cobalt-based magnetic alloy, provided as a 5.08-cm wide and 20.3-μm thick ribbon foil. We present an optimized construction technique for single-shell, large-scale (human-size), thin, open-ended cylindrical Metglas magnetic shields. The measured dc axial and transverse magnetic shielding factors of our 0.61-m diameter and 1.83-m long shields in the Earth's magnetic field were 267 and 1500, for material thicknesses of only 122 μm (i.e., 6 foil layers). The axial shielding performance of our single-shell Metglas magnetic shields, obtained without the use of magnetic shaking techniques, is comparable to the performance of significantly thicker, multiple-shell, open-ended Metglas magnetic shields in comparable-magnitude, low-frequency applied external fields reported previously in the literature.
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415
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Yan H, Ahmad M, Nath R, Liu W. TH-E-220-05: Minimization of Imaging Dose for Real-Time Respiratory Motion Monitoring during Arc Therapy. Med Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3613612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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416
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Yan H, Yin F. SU-E-T-860: Developing a Fast-Monotonic Descent (FMD) Algorithm for RapidArc Radiotherapy. Med Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3612824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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417
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Scott CB, Chang VT, Gonzalez ML, Einhorn J, Yan H, Zhou B, Crump B, Kasimis B. Multidimensional model of hope and survival in patients with advanced cancer. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.e19575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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418
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Mitschelen M, Yan H, Farley JA, Warrington JP, Han S, Hereñú CB, Csiszar A, Ungvari Z, Bailey-Downs LC, Bass CE, Sonntag WE. Long-term deficiency of circulating and hippocampal insulin-like growth factor I induces depressive behavior in adult mice: a potential model of geriatric depression. Neuroscience 2011; 185:50-60. [PMID: 21524689 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2011] [Revised: 03/28/2011] [Accepted: 04/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies support the hypothesis that deficiency of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1) in adults contributes to depression, but direct evidence is limited. Many psychological and pro-cognitive effects have been attributed to IGF-1, but appropriate animal models of adult-onset IGF-1 deficiency are lacking. In this study, we use a viral-mediated Cre-loxP system to knockout the Igf1 gene in either the liver, neurons of the CA1 region of the hippocampus, or both. Knockout of liver Igf1 reduced serum IGF-1 levels by 40% and hippocampal IGF-1 levels by 26%. Knockout of Igf1 in CA1 reduced hippocampal IGF-1 levels by 13%. The most severe reduction in hippocampal IGF-1 occurred in the group with knockouts in both liver and CA1 (36% reduction), and was associated with a 3.5-fold increase in immobility in the forced swim test. Reduction of either circulating or hippocampal IGF-1 levels did not alter anxiety measured in an open field and elevated plus maze, nor locomotion in the open field. Furthermore, local compensation for deficiencies in circulating IGF-1 did not occur in the hippocampus, nor were serum levels of IGF-1 upregulated in response to the moderate decline of hippocampal IGF-1 caused by the knockouts in CA1. We conclude that adult-onset IGF-1 deficiency alone is sufficient to induce a depressive phenotype in mice. Furthermore, our results suggest that individuals with low brain levels of IGF-1 are at increased risk for depression and these behavioral effects are not ameliorated by increased local IGF-1 production or transport. Our study supports the hypothesis that the natural IGF-1 decline in aging humans may contribute to geriatric depression.
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419
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Yang S, Wu J, Zuo Y, Tan L, Jia H, Yan H, Zhu X, Zeng M, Ma J, Huang W. ZD6474, a small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor, potentiates the anti-tumor and anti-metastasis effects of radiation for human nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2011; 10:611-22. [PMID: 20491619 DOI: 10.2174/156800910791859506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2009] [Accepted: 03/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the capacity for ZD6474, a small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor, to enhance anti-tumor and anti-metastasis effects of radiation on human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN NPC cell lines and xenograft models were evaluated following treatment with ZD6474 and radiation alone and in combination compared with untreated control mice. RESULTS Treatment with ZD6474 enhanced the anti-proliferative effect of radiation on NPC cell lines as detected by cell proliferation and apoptosis assays. ZD6474 also induced a significant increase in the radiosensitivity of NPC cells, with radiation enhancement ratios (RERs) ranging from 1.2 to 1.6. Despite the cytotoxicity exhibited by NPC cells following radiotherapy, the invasion and migration of NPC cells was found to be unaffected. In contrast, treatment with ZD6474 strongly inhibited the invasion and migration of NPC cells. When the administration of radiation and ZD6474 was investigated in vitro, the ability of ZD6474 to inhibit activation of the pro-survival signaling pathways induced by radiation was demonstrated. In vivo, ZD6474 significantly enhanced the anti-metastasis effects of radiation, while treatment with radiation and ZD6474 was found to be well tolerated and resulted in a strong inhibition of tumor growth. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest the combination of radiation and ZD6474 represents a promising strategy for the treatment of human NPC.
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420
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Schneider DA, Yan H, Bastos RG, Johnson WC, Gavin PR, Allen AJ, Barrington GM, Herrmann-Hoesing LM, Knowles DP, Goff WL. Dynamics of bovine spleen cell populations during the acute response to Babesia bovis infection: an immunohistological study. Parasite Immunol 2011; 33:34-44. [PMID: 21155841 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3024.2010.01249.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The spleen is a critical organ in defence against haemoparasitic diseases like babesiosis. Many in vitro and ex vivo studies have identified splenic cells working in concert to activate mechanisms required for successful resolution of infection. The techniques used in those studies, however, remove cells from the anatomical context in which cell interaction and trafficking take place. In this study, an immunohistological approach was used to monitor the splenic distribution of defined cells during the acute response of naïve calves to Babesia bovis infection. Splenomegaly was characterized by disproportionate hyperplasia of large versus small leucocytes and altered distribution of several cell types thought to be important in mounting an effective immune response. In particular, the results suggest that the initial crosstalk between NK cells and immature dendritic cells occurs within the marginal zone and that immature dendritic cells are first redirected to encounter pathogens as they enter the spleen and then mature as they process antigen and migrate to T-cell-rich areas. The results of this study are remarkably similar to those observed in a mouse model of malarial infection, suggesting these dynamic events may be central to the acute response of naïve animals to haemoparasitic infection.
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421
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Yan H, Cannon WR, Shanefield DJ. Poly(Vinyl Butyral) Pyrolysis: Interactions with Plasticizer and Ain Ceramic Powder. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1557/proc-249-377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACTTGA and FTIR were employed to investigate the effects of dibutyl phthalate and butyl benzyl phthalate on the thermal degradation behavior of PVB, a binder used commonly for tape casting. Butyl benzyl phthalate was found to enhance the crosslinking of the PVB binder when heated in a nitrogen atmosphere during binder pyrolysis, which retarded its thermal degradation.The interaction between AIN powder and PVB binder was also studied by using TGA, XPS and a special furnace for collecting residual carbon. Intrinsic char and gas phase mediated char were studied separately.
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422
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Hao C, Yan H, Yang H, Huan X, Guan W, Xu X, Zhang M, Tang W, Wang N, Gu J, Lau JTF. The incidence of syphilis, HIV and HCV and associated factors in a cohort of men who have sex with men in Nanjing, China. Sex Transm Infect 2011; 87:199-201. [DOI: 10.1136/sti.2010.042903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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423
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Yin R, Hao F, Deng J, Yang XC, Yan H. Investigation of optimal aminolaevulinic acid concentration applied in topical aminolaevulinic acid-photodynamic therapy for treatment of moderate to severe acne: a pilot study in Chinese subjects. Br J Dermatol 2011; 163:1064-71. [PMID: 20491770 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.09860.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aminolaevulinic acid-photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) is a novel and effective treatment in acne. However, little is known about the effect of different concentrations of ALA in the treatment of acne in Chinese patients with Fitzpatrick skin type III and IV. OBJECTIVES To investigate the efficacy and safety of ALA-PDT in the treatment of moderate to severe acne in Chinese patients and to identify the suitable concentration of topical ALA. METHODS One hundred and eighty patients with moderate to severe facial acne were recruited and randomly divided into four groups. Each group was treated with a different concentration (5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) of ALA to the facial lesions on the right side and placebo agent on the left side as control. Each patient was treated once every 10 days for four sessions. The numbers of inflammatory and noninflammatory acne lesions were counted at baseline and at weeks 2, 4, 12 and 24 after the last treatment. Adverse effects were recorded at each follow-up visit. RESULTS After 24 weeks, each side treated by ALA-PDT showed clinical improvement compared with the control side treated by red light alone (P < 0·01). Statistically significantly more patients treated with 20% ALA than with 15% or 10% ALA achieved complete clearance. Regarding side-effects, a trend towards more serious erythema and pigmentation was observed with increasing ALA concentration. CONCLUSIONS Increasing the concentration of ALA seems to be beneficial for improving the results. Considering effectiveness and safety, ALA-PDT using 10% or 15% ALA is suggested to the ideal treatment for moderate to severe acne in Chinese patients with Fitzpatrick skin type III and IV.
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424
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He WJ, Fu ZH, Han HJ, Yan H, Zeng GZ, Ji CJ, Chu HB, Zhang YM, Tan NH. Benzoic Acid Allopyranosides and Lignan Glycosides from the Twigs of Keteleeria evelyniana. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR NATURFORSCHUNG SECTION B-A JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL SCIENCES 2011. [DOI: 10.5560/znb.2011.66b0733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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425
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Wang C, Hexemer A, Nasiatka J, Chan ER, Young AT, Padmore HA, Schlotter WF, Lüning J, Swaraj S, Watts B, Gann E, Yan H, Ade H. Resonant Soft X-ray Scattering of Polymers with a 2D Detector: Initial Results and System Developments at the Advanced Light Source. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1088/1757-899x/14/1/012016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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