401
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Zheng X, Zhou Z, Wang X, Zhang F, Zhang X, Wang Y, Wei G, Wang S, Xu X. Hind Wings in Basal Birds and the Evolution of Leg Feathers. Science 2013; 339:1309-12. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1228753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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402
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Liu P, Sun Y, He Y, Wang Z, Wang N, Jia L, Zheng X, Loo W, Chow L, Chen J. AOSP42 IDENTIFICATION OF RISK FACTORS FOR EMOTIONAL DISORDERS AMONG CHINESE WOMEN FOLLOWING BREAST CANCER SURGERY. Eur J Cancer 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(13)70053-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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403
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Hadj-Romdhane F, Zheng X, Jaouen P, Pruvost J, Grizeau D, Croué JP, Bourseau P. The culture of Chlorella vulgaris in a recycled supernatant: effects on biomass production and medium quality. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 132:285-92. [PMID: 23411460 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2012] [Revised: 01/03/2013] [Accepted: 01/05/2013] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Reusing supernatant of microalgae culture medium can have inhibitory or toxic effects on the biomass production because of the release of organic metabolites by cells in the culture medium during their growth. This work investigated the impact of Chlorella vulgaris medium recycling on culture productivity, cells quality and accumulation of excreted metabolites in the culture medium. No significant impact on the C. vulgaris growth was observed after 63days of recycling, the productivity remained stable at around 0.55kgm(-3)day(-1). Organic matters accumulated in supernatant were identified as biopolymers (BP) poor in nitrogen and with a size above 40kDa (probably polysaccharides), and small organic molecules (SOM) richer in nitrogen with a molecular size ranging from 1 to 3kDa. The concentration of biopolymers in the supernatant increased till to a maximum and then decreased, possibly consumed by bacteria, whereas small organic compounds accumulated in the medium.
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404
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Lin T, Li N, Du W, Song X, Zheng X. Road traffic disability in China: prevalence and socio-demographic disparities. J Public Health (Oxf) 2013; 35:541-7. [DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdt003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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405
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Zhong R, Liu L, Zou L, Sheng W, Zhu B, Xiang H, Chen W, Chen J, Rui R, Zheng X, Yin J, Duan S, Yang B, Sun J, Lou J, Liu L, Xie D, Xu Y, Nie S, Miao X. Genetic variations in the TGF signaling pathway, smoking and risk of colorectal cancer in a Chinese population. Carcinogenesis 2012; 34:936-42. [DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgs395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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406
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Liu J, Wang J, Ye R, Liu J, Zheng X, Ren A. Low 3rd trimester haemoglobin level and the risk of post-term pregnancy. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2012; 33:46-9. [DOI: 10.3109/01443615.2012.729108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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407
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Xu C, Fu H, Gao L, Wang L, Wang W, Li J, Li Y, Dou L, Gao X, Luo X, Jing Y, Chim CS, Zheng X, Yu L. BCR-ABL/GATA1/miR-138 mini circuitry contributes to the leukemogenesis of chronic myeloid leukemia. Oncogene 2012. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2012.557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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408
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Bi N, Shedden K, Zheng X, Wang W, Kong F. Comparison of the Effectiveness of Radiofrequency Ablation With Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy in Inoperable Stage I Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Systemic Review and Meta-analysis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.07.1630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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409
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Zheng X, Reddy R, Schipper M, Ren Y, Chang A, Lin J, Orringer M, Kong F. Comparisons of Local Control and Survival of Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy Versus Surgery for Stage I Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Meta-Analysis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.07.1475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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410
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Zilkie AJ, Seddighian P, Bijlani BJ, Qian W, Lee DC, Fathololoumi S, Fong J, Shafiiha R, Feng D, Luff BJ, Zheng X, Cunningham JE, Krishnamoorthy AV, Asghari M. Power-efficient III-V/silicon external cavity DBR lasers. OPTICS EXPRESS 2012; 20:23456-23462. [PMID: 23188309 DOI: 10.1364/oe.20.023456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We report the design and characterization of external-cavity DBR lasers built with a III-V-semiconductor reflective-SOA with spot-size converter edge-coupled to SOI waveguides containing Bragg grating mirrors. The un-cooled lasers have wall-plug-efficiencies of up to 9.5% at powers of 6 mW. The lasers are suitable for making power efficient, hybrid WDM transmitters in a CMOS-compatible SOI optical platform.
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411
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Zhu X, Zhang J, Zheng X, Wu Z, Pan Y. [Investigation on differential diagnostic value of multi-index detection of pleural effusion.]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2012; 2:77-9. [PMID: 20929634 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.1999.02.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To study the roles of adenosine deaminase (ADA) , interferon gamma ( IFN-gamma) and carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA) for diagnosis of tuberculous and neoplastic pleural effusion. METHODS ADA , IFN-gamma and CEA activity in the serum and pleural fluid were detected in 67 patients with pleural effusion by the method of Guisti , a solid-phase enzyme-immunoassay employing the multiple antibody sandwich principle , and radioimmunoassay respectively. RESULTS The mean ADA and IFN-gamma concentration in the tuberculous pleural effusion differed significantly from those in the neoplastic pleural effusion ( P < 0. 001) . The mean CEA concentration in the serum and pleural fluid with the neoplastic pleural effusion differed from those with the tuberculous pleural effusion ( P < 0. 05) . The sensitivity of ADA (with a diagnostic threshold of 40 U/L) and IFN-gamma(threshold of 140 pg/ mL) for tuberculosis was 88 % and 96 % respectively , the specificity was 85. 71 % and 97. 62 % , and diagnostic index was 73. 71 % and 93. 62 %. Using the ADA (with below 40 U/L) and IFN-gamma (below 140 pg/mL) and CEA (above 15mug/L) , we achieved a specificity of 95. 95 %for diagnosis of neoplastic pleural effusion. CONCLUSIONS ADA , IFN-gamma and CEA are useful parameters in differential diagnosis of tuberculous and neoplastic pleural effusion.
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412
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Zhang X, Beduhn M, Zheng X, Lian D, Chen D, Li R, Siu LKS, Marleau A, French PW, Ichim TE, Min WP. Induction of alloimmune tolerance in heart transplantation through gene silencing of TLR adaptors. Am J Transplant 2012; 12:2675-88. [PMID: 22823145 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2012.04196.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) activate biochemical pathways that evoke activation of innate immunity, which leads to dendritic cell (DC) maturation and initiation of adaptive immune responses that provoke allograft rejection. We aimed to prolong allograft survival by selectively inhibiting expression of the common adaptors of TLR signaling, namely MyD88 and TRIF, using siRNA. In vitro we demonstrated that blocking expression of MyD88 and TRIF led to reduced DC maturation. In vivo treatment of recipients with MyD88 and TRIF siRNA significantly prolonged allograft survival in the BALB/c > C57BL6 cardiac transplant model. Moreover, the combination of MyD88 and TRIF siRNA along with a low dose of rapamycin further extended the allograft survival (88.8 ± 7.1 days). Tissue histopathology demonstrated an overall reduction in lymphocyte interstitium infiltration, vascular obstruction and hemorrhage in mice treated with MyD88 and TRIF siRNA vector plus rapamycin. Furthermore, treatment was associated with an increase in the numbers of CD4(+) CD25(+) FoxP3(+) regulatory T cells and Th2 deviation. To our knowledge, this study is the first demonstration of prolonging the survival of allogeneic heart grafts through gene silencing of TLR signaling adaptors, highlighting the therapeutic potential of siRNA in clinical transplantation.
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413
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Valev VK, De Clercq B, Biris CG, Zheng X, Vandendriessche S, Hojeij M, Denkova D, Jeyaram Y, Panoiu NC, Ekinci Y, Silhanek AV, Volskiy V, Vandenbosch GAE, Ameloot M, Moshchalkov VV, Verbiest T. Distributing the optical near-field for efficient field-enhancements in nanostructures. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2012; 24:OP208-OP272. [PMID: 22761007 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201201151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
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414
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Shi G, Zheng X, Song F. Estimating elasticity for residential electricity demand in China. ScientificWorldJournal 2012; 2012:395629. [PMID: 22997492 PMCID: PMC3446645 DOI: 10.1100/2012/395629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2012] [Accepted: 08/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Residential demand for electricity is estimated for China using a unique household level dataset. Household electricity demand is specified as a function of local electricity price, household income, and a number of social-economic variables at household level. We find that the residential demand for electricity responds rather sensitively to its own price in China, which implies that there is significant potential to use the price instrument to conserve electricity consumption. Electricity elasticities across different heterogeneous household groups (e.g., rich versus poor and rural versus urban) are also estimated. The results show that the high income group is more price elastic than the low income group, while rural families are more price elastic than urban families. These results have important policy implications for designing an increasing block tariff.
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415
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Hill D, Briton-Jones C, Surrey M, Danzer H, Zheng X, Munne S. Blastulation and implantation rates of microarray CGH-defined normal embryos compared to abnormal and non-biopsied embryos. Fertil Steril 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.07.594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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416
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Xue Q, Mittal R, Zheng X, Bielamowicz S. Computational modeling of phonatory dynamics in a tubular three-dimensional model of the human larynx. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2012; 132:1602-13. [PMID: 22978889 PMCID: PMC3460983 DOI: 10.1121/1.4740485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Simulation of the phonatory flow-structure interaction has been conducted in a three-dimensional, tubular shaped laryngeal model that has been designed with a high level of realism with respect to the human laryngeal anatomy. A non-linear spring-based contact force model is also implemented for the purpose of representing contact in more general conditions, especially those associated with three-dimensional modeling of phonation in the presence of vocal fold pathologies. The model is used to study the effects of a moderate (20%) vocal-fold tension imbalance on the phonatory dynamics. The characteristic features of phonation for normal as well as tension-imbalanced vocal folds, such as glottal waveform, glottal jet evolution, mucosal wave-type vocal-fold motion, modal entrainment, and asymmetric glottal jet deflection have been discussed in detail and compared to established data. It is found that while a moderate level of tension asymmetry does not change the vibratory dynamics significantly, it can potentially lead to measurable deterioration in voice quality.
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417
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Lin F, Lin P, Zhao D, Chen Y, Xiao L, Qin W, Li D, Chen H, Zhao B, Zou H, Zheng X, Yu X. Sox2 targets cyclinE, p27 and survivin to regulate androgen-independent human prostate cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis. Cell Prolif 2012; 45:207-16. [PMID: 22469032 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2184.2012.00812.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2011] [Accepted: 01/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Sox2 is a major transcription factor and the transforming growth factor-α (TGF-α)/EGFR autocrine loop is a hallmark of prostate cancer progression. In this study, we have evaluated the effects and potential mechanisms of Sox2 on cell proliferation and apoptosis, and investigated effects of TGF-α on expression of Sox2 on androgen-independent human prostate cancer cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Expression of Sox2 has been determined by RT-PCR, western blot analysis and immunocytochemistry, using RNAi and over-expression strategy to study functions of Sox2 in DU145 and PC-3 cells. Changes in level of proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis profiles were measured by MTT, colony-forming, bromodeoxyuridine incorporation assays, cell cycle and annexin V analysis. RESULTS Sox2 was expressed in six human prostate cancer cell lines, and its inhibition reduced cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in DU145 cells. We have shown that knock-down of Sox2 inhibited G(1) to S phase transition concomitantly with down-regulation of cyclin E and up-regulation of p27 proteins. Conversely, over-expression of Sox2 led to the opposite effect in PC-3 cells but its inhibition induced apoptosis by down-regulation of survivin in DU145 cells. We also found that TGF-α up-regulated Sox2 and survivin protein expression via the EGFR/PI3K/AKT pathway. CONCLUSIONS Sox2 expression is necessary for cell proliferation and evasion of apoptosis in prostate cancer cells and TGF-α could regulate Sox2 and survivin expression by activating the EGFR/PI3K/AKT pathway.
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418
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Wu H, Dannenmann M, Wolf B, Han XG, Zheng X, Butterbach-Bahl K. Seasonality of soil microbial nitrogen turnover in continental steppe soils of Inner Mongolia. Ecosphere 2012. [DOI: 10.1890/es11-00188.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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419
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Zhong W, Zhang W, Zheng X, Li S, Shi J. Comparative study of different surgical transposition methods for ulnar nerve entrapment at the elbow. J Int Med Res 2012; 39:1766-72. [PMID: 22117977 DOI: 10.1177/147323001103900519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study compared the therapeutic effects of two techniques for surgical decompression treatment for ulnar nerve entrapment at the elbow: subcutaneous transposition and modified submuscular transposition with Z-lengthening of the pronator teres origin. A total of 278 patients with ulnar nerve entrapment (McGowan grades I - III) were randomly assigned to undergo one of these techniques. All patients were followed-up for 2 years. The effects were assessed by preoperative and postoperative cross-sectional area, motor conduction velocity, sensory conduction velocity and nerve action potential. All of these parameters improved after surgery in both groups. For patients with grade I disease, there were no significant differences between the two techniques. For patients with grade II and III disease, modified submuscular transposition was associated with significantly greater improvements compared with subcutaneous transposition. In conclusion, subcutaneous ulnar nerve transposition is recommended for grade I patients and modified submuscular ulnar nerve transposition for grade II and III patients.
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420
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Abrahamyan S, Ahmed Z, Albataineh H, Aniol K, Armstrong DS, Armstrong W, Averett T, Babineau B, Barbieri A, Bellini V, Beminiwattha R, Benesch J, Benmokhtar F, Bielarski T, Boeglin W, Camsonne A, Canan M, Carter P, Cates GD, Chen C, Chen JP, Hen O, Cusanno F, Dalton MM, De Leo R, de Jager K, Deconinck W, Decowski P, Deng X, Deur A, Dutta D, Etile A, Flay D, Franklin GB, Friend M, Frullani S, Fuchey E, Garibaldi F, Gasser E, Gilman R, Giusa A, Glamazdin A, Gomez J, Grames J, Gu C, Hansen O, Hansknecht J, Higinbotham DW, Holmes RS, Holmstrom T, Horowitz CJ, Hoskins J, Huang J, Hyde CE, Itard F, Jen CM, Jensen E, Jin G, Johnston S, Kelleher A, Kliakhandler K, King PM, Kowalski S, Kumar KS, Leacock J, Leckey J, Lee JH, LeRose JJ, Lindgren R, Liyanage N, Lubinsky N, Mammei J, Mammoliti F, Margaziotis DJ, Markowitz P, McCreary A, McNulty D, Mercado L, Meziani ZE, Michaels RW, Mihovilovic M, Muangma N, Muñoz-Camacho C, Nanda S, Nelyubin V, Nuruzzaman N, Oh Y, Palmer A, Parno D, Paschke KD, Phillips SK, Poelker B, Pomatsalyuk R, Posik M, Puckett AJR, Quinn B, Rakhman A, Reimer PE, Riordan S, Rogan P, Ron G, Russo G, Saenboonruang K, Saha A, Sawatzky B, Shahinyan A, Silwal R, Sirca S, Slifer K, Solvignon P, Souder PA, Sperduto ML, Subedi R, Suleiman R, Sulkosky V, Sutera CM, Tobias WA, Troth W, Urciuoli GM, Waidyawansa B, Wang D, Wexler J, Wilson R, Wojtsekhowski B, Yan X, Yao H, Ye Y, Ye Z, Yim V, Zana L, Zhan X, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Zheng X, Zhu P. Measurement of the neutron radius of 208Pb through parity violation in electron scattering. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 108:112502. [PMID: 22540469 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.112502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We report the first measurement of the parity-violating asymmetry A(PV) in the elastic scattering of polarized electrons from 208Pb. A(PV) is sensitive to the radius of the neutron distribution (R(n)). The result A(PV)=0.656±0.060(stat)±0.014(syst) ppm corresponds to a difference between the radii of the neutron and proton distributions R(n)-R(p)=0.33(-0.18)(+0.16) fm and provides the first electroweak observation of the neutron skin which is expected in a heavy, neutron-rich nucleus.
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421
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Ahmed Z, Allada K, Aniol KA, Armstrong DS, Arrington J, Baturin P, Bellini V, Benesch J, Beminiwattha R, Benmokhtar F, Canan M, Camsonne A, Cates GD, Chen JP, Chudakov E, Cisbani E, Dalton MM, de Jager CW, De Leo R, Deconinck W, Decowski P, Deng X, Deur A, Dutta C, Franklin GB, Friend M, Frullani S, Garibaldi F, Giusa A, Glamazdin A, Golge S, Grimm K, Hansen O, Higinbotham DW, Holmes R, Holmstrom T, Huang J, Huang M, Hyde CE, Jen CM, Jin G, Jones D, Kang H, King P, Kowalski S, Kumar KS, Lee JH, LeRose JJ, Liyanage N, Long E, McNulty D, Margaziotis D, Meddi F, Meekins DG, Mercado L, Meziani ZE, Michaels R, Muñoz-Camacho C, Mihovilovic M, Muangma N, Myers KE, Nanda S, Narayan A, Nelyubin V, Oh Y, Pan K, Parno D, Paschke KD, Phillips SK, Qian X, Qiang Y, Quinn B, Rakhman A, Reimer PE, Rider K, Riordan S, Roche J, Rubin J, Russo G, Saenboonruang K, Saha A, Sawatzky B, Silwal R, Sirca S, Souder PA, Sperduto M, Subedi R, Suleiman R, Sulkosky V, Sutera CM, Tobias WA, Urciuoli GM, Waidyawansa B, Wang D, Wexler J, Wilson R, Wojtsekhowski B, Zhan X, Yan X, Yao H, Ye L, Zhao B, Zheng X. New precision limit on the strange vector form factors of the proton. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 108:102001. [PMID: 22468841 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.102001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The parity-violating cross-section asymmetry in the elastic scattering of polarized electrons from unpolarized protons has been measured at a four-momentum transfer squared Q2 = 0.624 GeV2 and beam energy E(b) = 3.48 GeV to be A(PV) = -23.80 ± 0.78(stat) ± 0.36(syst) parts per million. This result is consistent with zero contribution of strange quarks to the combination of electric and magnetic form factors G(E)(s) + 0.517G(M)(s) = 0.003 ± 0.010(stat) ± 0.004(syst) ± 0.009(ff), where the third error is due to the limits of precision on the electromagnetic form factors and radiative corrections. With this measurement, the world data on strange contributions to nucleon form factors are seen to be consistent with zero and not more than a few percent of the proton form factors.
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422
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Fomin N, Arrington J, Asaturyan R, Benmokhtar F, Boeglin W, Bosted P, Bruell A, Bukhari MHS, Christy ME, Chudakov E, Clasie B, Connell SH, Dalton MM, Daniel A, Day DB, Dutta D, Ent R, El Fassi L, Fenker H, Filippone BW, Garrow K, Gaskell D, Hill C, Holt RJ, Horn T, Jones MK, Jourdan J, Kalantarians N, Keppel CE, Kiselev D, Kotulla M, Lindgren R, Lung AF, Malace S, Markowitz P, McKee P, Meekins DG, Mkrtchyan H, Navasardyan T, Niculescu G, Opper AK, Perdrisat C, Potterveld DH, Punjabi V, Qian X, Reimer PE, Roche J, Rodriguez VM, Rondon O, Schulte E, Seely J, Segbefia E, Slifer K, Smith GR, Solvignon P, Tadevosyan V, Tajima S, Tang L, Testa G, Trojer R, Tvaskis V, Vulcan WF, Wasko C, Wesselmann FR, Wood SA, Wright J, Zheng X. New measurements of high-momentum nucleons and short-range structures in nuclei. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 108:092502. [PMID: 22463628 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.092502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We present new measurements of electron scattering from high-momentum nucleons in nuclei. These data allow an improved determination of the strength of two-nucleon correlations for several nuclei, including light nuclei where clustering effects can, for the first time, be examined. The data also include the kinematic region where three-nucleon correlations are expected to dominate.
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423
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Huang J, Allada K, Dutta C, Katich J, Qian X, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Aniol K, Annand JRM, Averett T, Benmokhtar F, Bertozzi W, Bradshaw PC, Bosted P, Camsonne A, Canan M, Cates GD, Chen C, Chen JP, Chen W, Chirapatpimol K, Chudakov E, Cisbani E, Cornejo JC, Cusanno F, Dalton MM, Deconinck W, de Jager CW, De Leo R, Deng X, Deur A, Ding H, Dolph PAM, Dutta D, El Fassi L, Frullani S, Gao H, Garibaldi F, Gaskell D, Gilad S, Gilman R, Glamazdin O, Golge S, Guo L, Hamilton D, Hansen O, Higinbotham DW, Holmstrom T, Huang M, Ibrahim HF, Iodice M, Jiang X, Jin G, Jones MK, Kelleher A, Kim W, Kolarkar A, Korsch W, Lerose JJ, Li X, Li Y, Lindgren R, Liyanage N, Long E, Lu HJ, Margaziotis DJ, Markowitz P, Marrone S, McNulty D, Meziani ZE, Michaels R, Moffit B, Muñoz Camacho C, Nanda S, Narayan A, Nelyubin V, Norum B, Oh Y, Osipenko M, Parno D, Peng JC, Phillips SK, Posik M, Puckett AJR, Qiang Y, Rakhman A, Ransome RD, Riordan S, Saha A, Sawatzky B, Schulte E, Shahinyan A, Shabestari MH, Sirca S, Stepanyan S, Subedi R, Sulkosky V, Tang LG, Tobias A, Urciuoli GM, Vilardi I, Wang K, Wojtsekhowski B, Yan X, Yao H, Ye Y, Ye Z, Yuan L, Zhan X, Zhang YW, Zhao B, Zheng X, Zhu L, Zhu X, Zong X. Beam-target double-spin asymmetry A{LT} in charged pion production from deep inelastic scattering on a transversely polarized {3}He target at 1.4<Q{2}<2.7 GeV{2}. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 108:052001. [PMID: 22400926 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.052001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We report the first measurement of the double-spin asymmetry A{LT} for charged pion electroproduction in semi-inclusive deep-inelastic electron scattering on a transversely polarized {3}He target. The kinematics focused on the valence quark region, 0.16<x<0.35 with 1.4<Q{2}<2.7 GeV{2}. The corresponding neutron A{LT} asymmetries were extracted from the measured {3}He asymmetries and proton over {3}He cross section ratios using the effective polarization approximation. These new data probe the transverse momentum dependent parton distribution function g{1T}{q} and therefore provide access to quark spin-orbit correlations. Our results indicate a positive azimuthal asymmetry for π{-} production on {3}He and the neutron, while our π{+} asymmetries are consistent with zero.
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424
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Zheng X, Chen R, Li N, Du W, Pei L, Zhang J, Ji Y, Song X, Tan L, Yang R. Socioeconomic status and children with intellectual disability in China. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH : JIDR 2012; 56:212-220. [PMID: 21917049 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2788.2011.01470.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intellectual disability (ID) accounts for 70% of all disabilities among children in China's Second National Sampling Survey on Disability. Although studies have shown a relationship between social class and ID in children, none have investigated the association of socioeconomic variables in Chinese children with mild or severe ID. METHODS Data for children aged 0-6 years with and without ID were abstracted from the Second National Sampling Survey on Disability in China, conducted in 2006. Crude odds ratios showed the effect of sociodemographic factors on mild and severe ID. Adjusted odds ratios (OR(a) ) (95% confidence intervals) estimated the independent effects of these factors. RESULTS For both mild and severe ID, risk of having ID increased with male sex, birth to a woman aged 35 years and older, lower maternal education, mother's older age at delivery, lower income and rural residence. After age, gender and parent disability were controlled, mothers aged 35 years and older were more likely to have a child with ID: mild ID, OR(a) 1.47 (1.15-1.88); severe ID, OR(a) 1.32 (1.00-1.73). There was an approximate increasing monotonic risk of severe ID with increasing socioeconomic disadvantage: lowest income, OR(a) 3.00 (2.19-4.12); low income, OR(a) 2.28 (1.63-3.19); lower middle income, OR(a) 1.72 (1.27-2.33); middle income, OR(a) 1.73 (1.28-2.36). CONCLUSIONS There is a significant relationship between sociodemographic factors and ID. Similar patterns were found for both mild and severe ID. Recommendations are given for preventing ID in Chinese children.
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Zheng X, Gessel MM, Wisniewski ML, Viswanathan K, Wright DL, Bahr BA, Bowers MT. Z-Phe-Ala-diazomethylketone (PADK) disrupts and remodels early oligomer states of the Alzheimer disease Aβ42 protein. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:6084-8. [PMID: 22253440 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.c111.328575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The oligomerization of the amyloid-β protein (Aβ) is an important event in Alzheimer disease (AD) pathology. Developing small molecules that disrupt formation of early oligomeric states of Aβ and thereby reduce the effective amount of toxic oligomers is a promising therapeutic strategy for AD. Here, mass spectrometry and ion mobility spectrometry were used to investigate the effects of a small molecule, Z-Phe-Ala-diazomethylketone (PADK), on the Aβ42 form of the protein. The mass spectrum of a mixture of PADK and Aβ42 clearly shows that PADK binds directly to Aβ42 monomers and small oligomers. Ion mobility results indicate that PADK not only inhibits the formation of Aβ42 dodecamers, but also removes preformed Aβ42 dodecamers from the solution. Electron microscopy images show that PADK inhibits Aβ42 fibril formation in the solution. These results are consistent with a previous study that found that PADK has protective effects in an AD transgenic mouse model. The study of PADK and Aβ42 provides an example of small molecule therapeutic development for AD and other amyloid diseases.
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