451
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Hupp JT, Weaver MJ. Influence of specific reactant-solvent interactions on intrinsic activation entropies for outer-sphere electron-transfer reactions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/j150653a038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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452
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453
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Ram MS, Jones LM, Ward HJ, Wong YH, Johnson CS, Subramanian P, Hupp JT. Ligand tuning effects upon the multielectron reduction and single-electron oxidation of (bi)pyridyl complexes of cis- and trans-dioxorhenium(V): redox thermodynamics, preliminary electrochemical kinetics, and charge-transfer absorption spectroscopy. Inorg Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ic00014a020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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454
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Roberts JA, Hupp JT. Environmentally induced multiple intervalence transitions in a symmetrically substituted analog of the Creutz-Taube ion. Inorg Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ic00028a004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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455
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Hupp JT, Meyer TJ. Electron-transfer reactions in water. Contributions from high-frequency librations? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/j100289a001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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456
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Blackbourn RL, Hupp JT. Probing the molecular basis of solvent reorganization in electron-transfer reactions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/j100321a024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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457
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Curtis JC, Blackbourn RL, Ennix KS, Hu S, Roberts JA, Hupp JT. Redox thermodynamics of dinuclear transition-metal complexes. Unusual entropy and electronic coupling effects in mixed solvents. Inorg Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ic00319a008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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458
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Walters KA, Gaal DA, Hupp JT. Interfacial Charge Transfer and Colloidal Semiconductor Dye-Sensitization: Mechanism Assessment via Stark Emission Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem B 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp015540c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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459
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Williams ME, Benkstein KD, Abel C, Dinolfo PH, Hupp JT. Shape-selective transport through rectangle-based molecular materials: thin-film scanning electrochemical microscopy studies. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2002; 99:5171-7. [PMID: 11959966 PMCID: PMC122741 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.082643199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2001] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Microporous thin films (approximately equal to 50 to 400 nm) composed of discrete, cavity-containing molecular rectangles have been prepared. The films, which contain both amorphous and microcrystalline domains, display shape-selective transport behavior. They are permeable to small molecules and to molecules that are short or narrow in at least one dimension--for example, elongated planar molecules--but are impermeable to molecules lacking a narrow dimension. However, the shape selectivity is based on transport through intramolecular rather than intermolecular cavities. By using redox-active probe molecules, rates of transport through the rectangle-based material have been extracted from electrochemical measurements. Spatially resolved measurements obtained via scanning electrochemical microscopy have permitted transport through individual microcrystals to be evaluated semiquantitatively. The measurements reveal that transport is roughly two orders of magnitude slower than observed with thin microcrystalline films of molecular squares featuring similar-sized cavities. The differences likely reflect the fact that cavities within the square-based materials, but not the rectangle-based material, align to form simple one-dimensional channels.
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460
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Splan KE, Keefe MH, Massari AM, Walters KA, Hupp JT. Synthesis, characterization, and preliminary intramolecular energy transfer studies of rigid, emissive, rhenium-linked porphyrin dimers. Inorg Chem 2002; 41:619-21. [PMID: 11849055 DOI: 10.1021/ic010992p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of pyridyl functionalized porphyrins with Re(CO)(5)Cl in THF results in the formation of porphyrin dimers which, despite incorporation of rhenium into the assemblies, remain fluorescent. The rigid compounds provide an efficient geometry and/or orbital pathway for singlet energy transfer, rendering these compounds suitable, in principle, for the study of both through-bond and through-space energy transfer. Derivatives containing both metallated and freebase porphyrins connected via the metal corners display efficient porphyrin-porphyrin energy transfer. The photophysical properties of the assemblies have been studied by both steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence techniques, yielding approximate rates and efficiencies for porphyrin-porphyrin energy transfer.
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461
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Marin TW, Homoelle BJ, Spears KG, Hupp JT, Spreer LO. Vibrational Coherence Due to Promoting Mode Activity in the Relaxation Dynamics of the Class III Mixed-Valence Molecule [Ru2TIEDCl4]+. J Phys Chem A 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0124490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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462
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Mines GA, Tzeng BC, Stevenson KJ, Li J, Hupp JT. Microporous Supramolecular Coordination Compounds as Chemosensory Photonic Lattices. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2002. [DOI: 10.1002/1521-3757(20020104)114:1<162::aid-ange162>3.0.co;2-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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463
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Mines GA, Tzeng BC, Stevenson KJ, Li J, Hupp JT. Microporous supramolecular coordination compounds as chemosensory photonic lattices. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2002; 41:154-7. [PMID: 12491470 DOI: 10.1002/1521-3773(20020104)41:1<154::aid-anie154>3.0.co;2-f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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464
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Merlau ML, del Pilar Mejia M, Nguyen ST, Hupp JT. Artificial Enzymes Formed through Directed Assembly of Molecular Square Encapsulated Epoxidation Catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/1521-3757(20011119)113:22<4369::aid-ange4369>3.0.co;2-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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465
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Merlau ML, del Pilar Mejia M, Nguyen ST, Hupp JT. Artificial Enzymes Formed through Directed Assembly of Molecular Square Encapsulated Epoxidation Catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2001; 40:4239-4242. [DOI: 10.1002/1521-3773(20011119)40:22<4239::aid-anie4239>3.0.co;2-e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 347] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2001] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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466
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Nguyen ST, Gin DL, Hupp JT, Zhang X. Supramolecular chemistry: functional structures on the mesoscale. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2001; 98:11849-50. [PMID: 11562479 PMCID: PMC59730 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.201373898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Supramolecular chemistry deals with the chemistry and collective behavior of organized ensembles of molecules. In this so-called mesoscale regime, molecular building blocks are organized into longer-range order and higher-order functional structures via comparatively weak forces. As one of the modern frontiers in chemistry, supramolecular chemistry heralds many promises that range from biocompatible materials and biomimetic catalysts to sensors and nanoscale fabrication of electronic devices.
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467
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Hupp JT, Williams RD. Using resonance Raman spectroscopy to examine vibrational barriers to electron transfer and electronic delocalization. Acc Chem Res 2001; 34:808-17. [PMID: 11601965 DOI: 10.1021/ar9602720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A time-dependent approach to the interpretation of resonance Raman scattering intensities has been used to obtain quantitative vibrational mode displacement information from scattering intensities associated with charge-transfer excitation. The displacements and associated frequencies are the key parameters needed to understand Franck-Condon effects in electron-transfer kinetics, and to delineate in a mode-specific way the composition of vibrational reorganization energies. Application of the approach to a number of types of electron-transfer reactions is described, including symmetrical and unsymmetrical intervalence electron transfers in inorganic and organic redox systems, metal-to-ligand charge-transfer reactions, and interfacial electron-transfer reactions. Also described is how the approach can be used to elucidate mechanisms for valence delocalization in strongly interacting redox systems.
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468
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Dang X, Hupp JT. Luminescence-based assessment of thermodynamic constants for electrostatic binding of non-luminescent dyes and atomic ions to colloidal semiconductor surfaces. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s1010-6030(01)00484-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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469
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Williams ME, Hupp JT. Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy Assessment of Rates of Molecular Transport through Mesoporous Thin-Films of Porphyrinic “Molecular Squares”. J Phys Chem B 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp010881b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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470
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Kim Y, Vanhelmont FW, Stern CL, Hupp JT. Synthesis and photophysical properties of luminescent rhenium(I) and manganese(I) polypyridine complexes containing pendant 1,3,4-oxadiazole/triarylamine assemblies. Inorganica Chim Acta 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(01)00400-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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471
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Sando GM, Spears KG, Hupp JT, Ruhoff PT. Large Electron Transfer Rate Effects from the Duschinsky Mixing of Vibrations. J Phys Chem A 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp004229c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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472
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Johnson RC, Hupp JT. How far do electrons move? A semiempirical investigation of thermal electron-transfer distances in cationic bis(hydrazine) and bis(hydrazyl) mixed-valence compounds. J Am Chem Soc 2001; 123:2053-7. [PMID: 11456829 DOI: 10.1021/ja003848w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A computational approach for estimating thermal electron-transfer reaction distances in symmetrical mixed-valence compounds is described and applied to a series of bis(hydrazine) and bis(hydrazyl) radical cations and derivatives, some of which have been investigated experimentally by Nelsen and co-workers. Ground-state semiempirical charge distributions are obtained by using optimized reactant geometries. Advantage is then taken of the approximate C(2) symmetry, or the approximate mirror symmetry, of each of the targeted compounds, and the inherent degeneracy of the corresponding electron-transfer reactions, such that the change in dipole moment (Delta-mu) upon charge transfer can be estimated from an appropriately distance-weighted sum of charge differences between approximately symmetry-equivalent atoms found on the donor and acceptor sides of the molecule. Delta-mu can then be related directly to the effective one-electron-transfer distance. We find that calculated adiabatic electron-transfer distances can differ appreciably from the geometric donor-site/acceptor-site separation distances. Furthermore, for a fixed geometric separation distance, the effective electron-transfer distance can vary considerably, depending on chemical substituent composition and/or isomeric configuration. Further advantage is taken of the approximate donor-site/acceptor-site symmetry, in the context of a Newton-Cave type analysis, to establish the relative importance of electronic delocalization effects versus self-polarization and inductive effects in diminishing or enhancing effective one-electron-transfer distances.
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473
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Novak JP, Brousseau LC, Vance FW, Johnson RC, Lemon BI, Hupp JT, Feldheim DL. Nonlinear Optical Properties of Molecularly Bridged Gold Nanoparticle Arrays. J Am Chem Soc 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/ja003129h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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474
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Leytner S, Hupp JT. Evaluation of the energetics of electron trap states at the nanocrystalline titanium dioxide/aqueous solution interface via time-resolved photoacoustic spectroscopy. Chem Phys Lett 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(00)01112-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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475
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Gaal DA, Hupp JT. Thermally Activated, Inverted Interfacial Electron Transfer Kinetics: High Driving Force Reactions between Tin Oxide Nanoparticles and Electrostatically-Bound Molecular Reactants. J Am Chem Soc 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/ja0024744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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