451
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Vukosavljevic D, Hutter JL, Helmerhorst EJ, Xiao Y, Custodio W, Zaidan FC, Oppenheim FG, Siqueira WL. Nanoscale adhesion forces between enamel pellicle proteins and hydroxyapatite. J Dent Res 2014; 93:514-9. [PMID: 24591293 DOI: 10.1177/0022034514526599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The acquired enamel pellicle (AEP) is important for minimizing the abrasion caused by parafunctional conditions as they occur, for instance, during bruxism. It is a remarkable feature of the AEP that a protein/peptide film can provide enough protection in normofunction to prevent teeth from abrasion and wear. Despite its obvious critical role in the protection of tooth surfaces, the essential adhesion features of AEP proteins on the enamel surface are poorly characterized. The objective of this study was to measure the adhesion force between histatin 5, a primary AEP component, and hydroxyapatite (HA) surfaces. Both biotinylated histatin 5 and biotinylated human serum albumin were allowed to adsorb to streptavidin-coated silica microspheres attached to atomic force microscope (AFM) cantilevers. A multimode AFM with a Nanoscope IIIa controller was used to measure the adhesion force between protein-functionalized silica microspheres attached to cantilever tips and the HA surface. The imaging was performed in tapping mode with a Si3N4 AFM cantilever, while the adhesion forces were measured in AFM contact mode. A collection of force-distance curves (~3,000/replicate) was obtained to generate histograms from which the adhesion forces between histatin 5 or albumin and the HA surface were measured. We found that histatin 5 exhibited stronger adhesion forces (90% >1.830 nN) to the HA surface than did albumin (90% > 0.282 nN). This study presents an objective approach to adhesion force measurements between histatin 5 and HA, and provides the experimental basis for measuring the same parameters for other AEP constituents. Such knowledge will help in the design of synthetic proteins and peptides with preventive and therapeutic benefits for tooth enamel.
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452
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Xiao Y, Peng X, Ma N, Li TC, Xia E. The expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor in the endometrium during the peri-implantation period in women with and without polyps. HUM FERTIL 2014; 17:67-71. [PMID: 24471989 DOI: 10.3109/14647273.2013.868933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This prospective study was designed to determine whether the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the endometrial tissue obtained from the peri-implantation period of women with endometrial polyp (EP) differs from that of control subjects without a polyp. METHODS Endometrial samples were collected from 30 patients with EP and 30 control subjects without EP, in the mid-secretory phase. The expression of COX-2 and VEGF in the endometrium was examined with the use of immunohistochemistry. RESULTS COX-2 and VEGF were predominantly expressed in endometrial glands. The expression of COX-2 and VEGF in the endometrium obtained from women with EP was lower than that of control subjects. CONCLUSION The reduced expression of COX-2 and VEGF in the endometrium of women with EP may account for the association between EP and infertility.
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453
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Patra M, Majumdar S, Giri S, Xiao Y, Chatterji T. Magnetic, magnetocaloric and magnetoresistive properties of cubic Laves phase HoAl2 single crystal. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2014; 26:046004. [PMID: 24592489 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/26/4/046004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We report the magnetization (M) and magnetoresistance (MR) results of HoAl2 single crystals oriented along the ⟨100⟩ and ⟨110⟩ directions. Although HoAl2 has cubic Laves phase structure, a large anisotropy is observed in M and MR below the Curie temperature (TC). A satisfactory correlation between magnetic entropy change (ΔSM) and MR could be established along ⟨110⟩ and also ⟨100⟩, except for the temperature (T) region around which spin reorientation takes place. Large inverse magnetocaloric effect is observed at low T, which is associated with the spin reorientation process in the ⟨100⟩ direction. A theoretical model based on the Landau theory of phase transition can describe the T-variation of -ΔSM for T > TC.
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454
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Ma W, Ye S, Xiao Y, Jin C, Li Y, Zhao L, Cai Y, Liu B, Detels R. Rapid operation assessment of voluntary HIV counselling and testing services in three cities in China, 2009. Public Health 2014; 127:1074-81. [PMID: 24471168 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2013.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the operation of voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) services forhuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in three cities in China. STUDY DESIGN A cross-sectional study using mixed methods, including focus group discussions,in-depth interviews, field assessment, archive checking and structured questionnaire interviews, was conducted to assess different aspects of VCT services. METHODS Surveys were undertaken in six counties of three China Global Fund AIDS Program (Round Five) cities, including 11 VCT clinics, 38 counsellors, 83 clients and 332 individuals at risk for HIV infection. RESULTS All counsellors were trained and approved for providing counselling. As there were adequate numbers of clinics and counsellors, VCT services ran smoothly. Clients were generally satisfied with VCT services and considered service operation to be adequate. Problems with the VCT programme included fewer VCT services in general hospitals, lack of a referral mechanism, and long delays between testing and receipt of results. CONCLUSIONS The operation of VCT services in the three cities was generally adequate, but referral services were poor. More attention needs to be paid to HIV testing and counselling in general hospitals, and referral networks need to be strengthened.
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455
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Fan MQ, Wang PX, Feng JY, Xiao Y, Huang CB. Biochip analysis of prostate cancer. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2014; 13:152-9. [PMID: 24446298 DOI: 10.4238/2014.january.10.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Microarray expression analysis was used to forecast the roles of differentially co-expressed genes (DCG) and DCG and links in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer. In addition, we demonstrate that the relationship between transcriptional factors (TFs) and their targets can be considered a key factor in determining the difference between primary and metastatic prostate cancer. Regulatory impact factors were adopted to calculate the impact of TF. We identified 5 TFs and 29 target genes important in the transition between normal prostate and primary prostate cancer and 2 TFs and 7 target genes important in the transition between primary and metastatic prostate cancer. These results suggest that it may be possible to predict the clinical behavior of prostate cancer based on gene expression analysis.
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456
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Chen M, Wong W, Chung S, Tran C, Chan B, Ho Y, Xiao Y. Quantitative risk–benefit analysis of fish consumption for women of child-bearing age in Hong Kong. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2014; 31:48-53. [DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2013.855947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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457
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Jassby D, Xiao Y, Schuler AJ. Biomass density and filament length synergistically affect activated sludge settling: systematic quantification and modeling. WATER RESEARCH 2014; 48:457-465. [PMID: 24144433 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2013.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Revised: 09/21/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Settling of the biomass produced during biological treatment of wastewater is a critical and often problematic process. Filamentous bacteria content is the best-known factor affecting biomass settleability in activated sludge wastewater treatment systems, and varying biomass density has recently been shown to play an important role as well. The objective of this study was to systematically determine how filament content and biomass density combine to affect microbial biomass settling, with a focus on density variations over the range found in full-scale systems. A laboratory-scale bioreactor system was operated to produce biomass with a range of filamentous bacterium contents. Biomass density was systematically varied in samples from this system by addition of synthetic microspheres to allow separation of filament content and density effects on settleability. Fluorescent in-situ hybridization indicated that the culture was dominated by Sphaerotilus natans, a common contributor to poor settling in full-scale systems. A simple, image-based metric of filament content (filament length per floc area) was linearly correlated with the more commonly used filament length per dry biomass measurement. A non-linear, semi-empirical model of settleability as a function of filament content and density was developed and evaluated, providing a better understanding of how these two parameters combine to affect settleability. Filament content (length per dry biomass weight) was nearly linearly related to sludge volume index (SVI) values, with a slightly decreasing differential, and biomass density exhibited an asymptotic relationship with SVI. The filament content associated with bulking was shown to be a function of biomass density. The marginal effect of filament content on settleability increased with decreasing biomass density (low density biomass was more sensitive to changes in filament content than was high density biomass), indicating a synergistic relationship between these factors. Consideration of both biomass density and filament content, as by the methods and model described herein, should improve operation and troubleshooting of settling processes for biological solids.
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458
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Choi EY, Mazur L, Mager L, Gwon M, Pitrat D, Mulatier JC, Monnereau C, Fort A, Attias AJ, Dorkenoo K, Kwon JE, Xiao Y, Matczyszyn K, Samoc M, Kim DW, Nakao A, Heinrich B, Hashizume D, Uchiyama M, Park SY, Mathevet F, Aoyama T, Andraud C, Wu JW, Barsella A, Ribierre JC. Photophysical, amplified spontaneous emission and charge transport properties of oligofluorene derivatives in thin films. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:16941-56. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp01134a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We investigate the charge transport, photophysical and amplified spontaneous emission properties of a series of monodisperse solution-processable oligofluorenes functionalized with hexyl chains at the C9 position of each fluorene unit.
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459
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Dai Y, Xiao Y, Wang Q, Wei S, Zhang X, Ma Z, Zheng H, Hou M, Zhang T. Syntheses and QSAR Studies of Benzylimidazole Derivatives and Benzylcarbazole as Potential Aromatase Inhibitors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.14233/ajchem.2014.16016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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460
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Xiao Y, Wang Y, Li L, Li Y, Pang Y, Song J, Jiang Z. Homing of chloromethylbenzoyl ammonia-labeled bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in an immune-mediated bone marrow failure mouse model in vivo. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2014; 13:11-21. [DOI: 10.4238/2014.january.3.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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461
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Xiao Y, Zhang J, He X, Ji J, Wang G. Diagnostic values of carcinoembryonic antigen in predicting peritoneal recurrence after curative resection of gastric cancer: a meta-analysis. Ir J Med Sci 2013; 183:557-64. [PMID: 24378872 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-013-1051-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
AIM A meta-analysis was performed to assess the diagnostic values of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in predicting the peritoneal recurrence after curative resection of gastric cancer. METHODS The Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Ovid and Cochrane databases, Google Scholar and Vivisimo engines were searched to identify studies reporting on the accuracy of CEA protein or CEA mRNA in predicting the postoperative peritoneal recurrence of gastric cancer. Publication bias was demonstrated by Funnel plots and Egger test. The sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) were calculated and summary receiver operating characteristic curves were generated. RESULTS Seven and eight studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria for CEA protein and mRNA determination, including 635 and 849 patients, respectively. The pooled sensitivity, specificity and DOR of CEA protein for predicting the peritoneal recurrence were 0.77 (95 % CI 0.69-0.84), 0.89 (95 % CI 0.86-0.92), 29.71 (95 % CI 10.27-85.92), respectively. Similarly, the values for CEA mRNA were 0.82 (95 % CI 0.75-0.88), 0.82 (95 % CI 0.79-0.85) and 22.97 (95 % CI 10.90-48.41). Meanwhile, the sensitivity and DOR of CEA protein or mRNA were higher than those of cytology, while higher specificity was noted in cytology assay. CONCLUSION CEA protein and mRNA levels in peritoneal lavage show a high diagnostic accuracy and may help accurately predict the peritoneal recurrence after curative resection of gastric cancer.
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462
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Huang X, Jiang ZZ, Tang WW, Xiao Y, Zhang LY, Zhang ZJ. A Validated Method for Quantifying Entecavir in Biological Matrices and Its Application in a Pharmacokinetic Study in Rats and Dogs. Drug Res (Stuttg) 2013; 63:644-9. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1358665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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463
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Feng JY, Diao XW, Fan MQ, Wang PX, Xiao Y, Zhong X, Wu RH, Huang CB. Screening of feature genes of the renal cell carcinoma with DNA microarray. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2013; 17:2994-3001. [PMID: 24302177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) by using the microarray expression profiles of normal kidney and RCC tissue for early diagnosis and treatment of RCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS The gene expression profile of GES781 was downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus database, including including nine tissue samples of RCC tissues removed from nine patients and eight adjacent normal renal tissue samples. We identified the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) by Multtest package in R software. The screened DEGs were further analyzed by bioinformatics methods. Firstly, the comparison of the DEGs expression degree was performed by cluster analysis. Secondly, DAVID was used to perform functional analysis of up- and down- regulated genes and the protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed by prePPI. Finally, the pathways of genes in PPI networks were discovered by WebGestalt. RESULTS Compared with the control, we screened 648 down-regulated and 681 up-regulated DEGs. And the down- and up-regulated DEGs with maximum expression degree were UMOD (uromodulin) and FABP7 (fatty acid binding protein 7), respectively. There was significant difference in the gene expression between the normal kidney and RCC tissue. The up-regulated DEGs in RCC tissue were significantly related to the immune responses and the down-regulated DEGs were significantly related to the oxidation reduction. The most significant pathway in the PPI network of UMOD was cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction. CONCLUSIONS The screened DEGs have the potential to become candidate target molecules to monitor, diagnose and treat the RCC, and might be beneficial for the early diagnosis and medication control of RCC.
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464
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Yin J, Wei J, Xu JH, Xiao Y, Zhang YC. Autologous stem cell transplantation as the first-line treatment for peripheral T cell lymphoma: results of a comprehensive meta-analysis. Acta Haematol 2013; 131:114-25. [PMID: 24158006 DOI: 10.1159/000353778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In view of the poor prognosis of most peripheral T cell lymphoma (PTCL) subtypes treated with conventional chemotherapy such as CHOP/CHOP-like regimens, high-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation (HDT/ASCT) seems a reasonable option in eligible patients. Nevertheless, owing to the small size of the study and the heterogeneity of most published series, a consensus on the role of ASCT as the first-line consolidation therapy for high-risk PTCL patients has not been reached so far. STUDY DESIGN We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, EBSCO, Web of Science, clinicaltrials.gov and the Cochrane Library. Hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by a fixed/random effect model. RESULTS Twenty-one studies were eligible. Although no statistical significance was observed in these studies, there was a trend toward survival advantage for the HDT/ASCT group as compared to the historical control group (HR 0.81, 95% CI 0.31-2.13). Statistical differences were confirmed in terms of overall survival (OS) between complete remission (CR) and non-CR patients (HR 3.17, 95% CI 0.92-5.42), patients with good and poor risk according to the International Prognostic Index (IPI; HR 0.36, 95% CI 0.22-0.60, I(2) 49%) and Prognostic Index for PTCL (PIT; HR 0.31, 95% CI 0.17-0.58; HR 0.31, 95% CI 0.18-0.54). CONCLUSION The clear and convincing proof of the effects of up-front HDT/ASCT still depends on sufficient large PTCL-restricted randomized trials in the future. Patients who failed to attain CR before transplant exhibited a worse prognosis; patients with good risk of IPI or PIT had a substantially better OS after ASCT.
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465
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Lambert L, Xiao Y, Carrier M, Langlois Y, Voisine P, Carroll C, Beauchamp C, Morin J, Bogaty P. Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients Who Underwent Multi-Vessel Coronary Bypass Surgery in Québec, 2010-2012. Can J Cardiol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2013.07.408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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466
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Xiao Y, Wang H, Cheng X, Shen Z, Chen Y, Wu R. The temporal evolutions of Lac, Cr and NAA concentrations in whole brain hyperacute ischemia rat model detected quantitatively by HPLC. J Neurol Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2013.07.755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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467
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Viswanathan A, Moughan J, Miller B, Xiao Y, Matulonis U, Horowitz N, Mannel R, Souhami L, Erickson B, Gaffney D. A Phase 2 Study of Postoperative Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) With Concurrent Cisplatin and Bevacizumab (Bev) Followed by Carboplatin and Paclitaxel for Patients With Endometrial Cancer: One-Year Results from RTOG 0921. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2013.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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468
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Li J, Harrison A, Yu Y, Xiao Y, Werner-Wasik M, Lu B. Evaluation of 4D Cone Beam CT-Based Automatic Image Registration for Radiation Treatment of Lung Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2013.06.1791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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469
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Chen M, Wong W, Choi K, Yip Y, Ho Y, Xiao Y. Dietary exposure of the Hong Kong adult population to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs): results of the first Hong Kong Total Diet Study. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2013; 30:1780-7. [DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2013.820355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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470
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Cui Y, Gondi V, Mehta M, Manfredi D, Galvin J, Xiao Y, Tomé W. Credentialing in Hippocampal (HC) Sparing Techniques for RTOG 0933: Quality Assurance (QA) Report. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2013.06.1527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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471
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Gardner S, Studenski M, Zaorsky N, Yamoah K, Cui Y, Xiao Y, Den R. Cone Beam Computed Tomography Contouring Variability on Derivative Contours Generated With an Automated Deformable Registration Workflow for Prostate Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2013.06.380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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472
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Sas G, Xiao Y, Lambert LJ, Ducharme A, Carrier M, Cecere R, Charbonneau E, Sanscartier C, Morin JE, Bogaty P. Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients Using Long-Term Left Ventricular Assist Devices in QuéBec, 2011-2012. Can J Cardiol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2013.07.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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473
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Lambert L, Xiao Y, Sas G, Segal E, Kouz S, Harvey R, Ross D, Rinfret S, L'Allier P, Nasmith J, Bogaty P. A Comparison of Causes of Short-Term and Long-Term Death Among Stemi and Nstemi Patients: Results From a Province-Wide Field Evaluation. Can J Cardiol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2013.07.501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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474
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Xiao Y, Zheng Y, Tan P, Xu P, Zhang Q. Overexpression of nuclear distribution protein (hNUDC) causes pro-apoptosis and differentiation in Dami megakaryocytes. Cell Prolif 2013; 46:576-85. [PMID: 24010816 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2013] [Accepted: 05/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Overexpression of hNUDC, a member of the nuclear distribution protein family, reduces cell population growth in prostate cancer cell lines, concurrent with induced morphological change and enhanced polyploidization. These phenomena are also closely associated with terminal phases of megakaryocyte maturation. MATERIALS AND METHODS In Dami cells, MTT and trypan blue assays were used to investigate cell viability and proliferation effects of hNUDC, and flow cytometry was used to analyse cell cycle and DNA content. Real-time RT-PCR was employed to detect mRNA expression. Activations of caspase-3, ERK, Akt and Stat-5 were determined by immunoblotting. May-Grünwald-Giemsa staining was performed to reveal cell morphology. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Functional studies using adenovirus-mediated hNUDC overexpression led to inhibition of megakaryocyte proliferation via cell cycle arrest in G2/M transition phase. This process could have been be mediated by upregulation of p21 and downregulation of its downstream targets, including cyclin B1, cyclin B2 and c-myc. Enhanced apoptosis in turn ensued, characterized by increased caspase-3 activation, upregulation of pro-apoptotic Bax and downregulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2. Furthermore, hNUDC overexpression elevated the level of megakaryocyte maturation, associated with increased polyploidy, cell morphological changes and increased expression of cell surface differentiation markers, including CD10, CD44, CD41 and CD61. Our results further suggest that the ERK signalling pathway was involved in hNUDC overexpression-induced apoptosis. Taken together, this study provides experimental evidence for overexpression of hNUDC in Dami cells and suggests that activation of apoptotic machinery may be involved in megakaryocytic differentiation.
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475
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Zhu Y, Ling W, Guo H, Song F, Ye Q, Zou T, Li D, Zhang Y, Li G, Xiao Y, Liu F, Li Z, Shi Z, Yang Y. Anti-inflammatory effect of purified dietary anthocyanin in adults with hypercholesterolemia: a randomized controlled trial. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2013; 23:843-849. [PMID: 22906565 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2012.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2011] [Revised: 05/28/2012] [Accepted: 06/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease and previous studies have demonstrated that anthocyanin inhibits atherosclerosis. In the present study, we explored the effects of anthocyanins on inflammatory cytokines in hypercholesterolemic adults and cell lines. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 150 subjects with hypercholesterolemia consumed a purified anthocyanin mixture (320 mg/d) or a placebo twice a day for 24 weeks in a randomized, double-blind trial. Anthocyanin consumption significantly decreased the levels of serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) (-21.6% vs. -2.5%, P = 0.001), soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) (-12.3% vs. 0.4%, P = 0.005) and plasma IL-1β (-12.8% vs. -1.3%, P = 0.019) compared to the placebo. We also found a significant difference in the LDL-cholesterol (-10.4% vs. 0.3%, P = 0.030) and HDL-cholesterol level changes (14.0% vs. -0.9%, P = 0.036) between the two groups. In cell culture assays in vitro, purified anthocyanin mixture, delphinidin-3-Ο-β-glucoside (Dp-3g) and cyanidin-3-Ο-β-glucoside (Cy-3g) inhibited IL-6 and IL-1β-induced CRP production (P < 0.05) in HepG2 cell line and LPS-induced VCAM-1 secretion (P < 0.05) in porcine iliac artery endothelial cell line respectively in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the reduction of inflammatory cytokines associated with anthocyanin mixture was stronger when compared with the effects of Dp-3g and Cy-3g separately (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Anthocyanin mixture reduced the inflammatory response in hypercholesterolemic subjects. In addition, different anthocyanin compounds were found to have additive or synergistic effects in mediating anti-inflammatory responses in vitro cell culture assays.
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