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Lee G, Jeong YJ, Kim KI, Song JW, Kang DM, Kim YD, Lee JW. Comparison of chest digital tomosynthesis and chest radiography for detection of asbestos-related pleuropulmonary disease. Clin Radiol 2012. [PMID: 23177084 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2012.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM To compare chest digital tomosynthesis (DTS) with digital radiography for the detection of asbestos-related pleuropulmonary disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS The institutional review board approved this study and all participants gave informed consent. Forty-five participants with a history of asbestos exposure were examined with DTS and radiography. Low-dose multidetector computed tomography (CT) in the prone position served as the reference. Two observers evaluated all images for the presence of pleural abnormalities and asbestosis. Interobserver agreement was analysed by using the k statistic. Diagnostic performance of the two imaging methods was compared using McNemar's test. RESULTS Interobserver agreement regarding DTS findings was moderate to very good (k = 0.544-0.846) and superior to the radiographic findings (k = 0.236-1.000). Overall, the diagnostic accuracy of DTS for the lesion detection was significantly better than with radiography (all p < 0.05, except that for the comparison of diagnostic accuracy of DTS versus radiographic detection of left diaphragmatic plaques and asbestosis). DTS was more sensitive than radiography for the detection of asbestosis (82% versus 27%, p = 0.031). CONCLUSION DTS is more accurate than radiography in the detection of pleural plaques and more sensitive than radiography in the detection of asbestosis. Interobserver agreements with respect to the DTS findings were superior to the radiographic findings.
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Kim K, Lee M, Park S. Two-Point Temperature Control Structure Selection for Dividing-Wall Distillation Columns. Ind Eng Chem Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ie301457a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Chon MG, Suk JH, Oh KH, Kim KI, Kim YJ, Lee HG, Kim SM, Cho KI, Kim MK, Kim TI. Influence of long-term statin use in type 2 diabetic patients on thyroid nodularity in iodine-sufficient area. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2011; 119:497-501. [PMID: 21915844 DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1283123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Statins have marked beneficial effects on lipid profile, but also have pleiotropic actions. A previous study in an iodine-deficient area suggested that statin use is associated with reduced thyroid volume and nodularity. We performed this study to investigate how long-term statin use in type 2 diabetic patients affects thyroid nodularity in iodine-sufficient area.We recruited euthyroid type 2 diabetic patients, receiving statin therapy continuously for at least 5 years (statin group) and, age and sex matched statin-naive type 2 diabetic patients (control group). Subjects with past history of cancer, thyroid disease or treatment with lithium or amiodarone; family history of thyroid cancer; palpable goiter or thyroid nodule, and/or positive thyroperoxidase antibody were excluded. The prevalence, number, and volume of thyroid nodules, size of thyroid were evaluated in all subjects by high resolution ultrasound.Prevalence of non-palpable thyroid nodules of statin group (n=70) and control group (n=98) were 51 and 53%, respectively. There was no difference of prevalence, number, and volume of non-palpable thyroid nodules and size of thyroid between statin and control group. But, the patients aged between 60 and 65 years from statin group showed lower prevalence of non-palpable thyroid nodules than the patients with same age interval from control group (4 out of 12 patients, 33%, statin group; 19 out of 27 patients, 70%, control group; P=0.04).Long-term statin use in elderly type 2 diabetic patients was associated with lesser prevalence of thyroid nodules in an iodine-sufficient area. Our data might support a possible antiproliferative effect of statins on thyroid in old type 2 diabetic patients. But, the effect was not as strong as that in an iodine-deficient area and further studies with enough numbers of subjects and revised design will be needed.
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Park SH, Seo SY, Na HN, Kim KI, Lee JW, Woo HD, Lee JH, Seok HK, Lee JG, Chung SI, Chung K, Han D, Ito Y, Jang EC, Son TI. Preparation of a visible light-reactive low molecular-O-carboxymethyl chitosan (LM-O-CMCS) derivative and applicability as an anti-adhesion agent. Macromol Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-011-0914-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Kim MS, Jun LJ, Shin SB, Park MA, Jung SH, Kim K, Moon KH, Jeong HD. Mutations in the gyrB, parC, and parE genes of quinolone-resistant isolates and mutants of Edwardsiella tarda. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2010; 20:1735-1743. [PMID: 21193831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The full length genes gyrB (2,415 bp), parC (2,277 bp), and parE (1,896 bp) in Edwardsiella tarda were cloned by PCR with degenerate primers based on the sequence of the respective quinolone resistance-determining region (QRDR), followed by elongation of 5' and 3' ends using cassette ligation-mediated PCR (CLMP). Analysis of the cloned genes revealed open reading frames (ORFs) encoding proteins of 804 (GyrB), 758 (ParC), and 631 (ParE) amino acids with conserved gyrase/topoisomerase features and motifs important for enzymatic function. The ORFs were preceded by putative promoters, ribosome binding sites, and inverted repeats with the potential to form cruciform structures for binding of DNA-binding proteins. When comparing the deduced amino acid sequences of E. tarda GyrB, ParC, and ParE with those of the corresponding proteins in other bacteria, they were found to be most closely related to Escherichia coli GyrB (87.6% identity), Klebsiella pneumoniae ParC (78.8% identity) and Salmonella typhimurium ParE (89.5% identity), respectively. The two topoisomerase genes, parC and parE, were found to be contiguous on the E. tarda chromosome. All 18 quinoloneresistant isolates obtained from Korea thus far did not contain subunit alternations apart from a substitution in GyrA (Ser83→Arg). However, an alteration in the QRDR of ParC (Ser84→Ile) following an amino acid substitution in GyrA (Asp87→Gly) was detected in E. tarda mutants selected in vitro at 8 microng/ml ciprofloxacin (CIP). A mutant with a GyrB (Ser464→Leu) and GyrA (Asp87→Gly) substitution did not show a significant increase in the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of CIP. None of the in vitro mutants exhibited mutations in parE. Thus, gyrA and parC should be considered to be the primary and secondary targets, respectively, of quinolones in E. tarda.
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Yang JK, Kim YS, Kim KI, Koo HS, Kim SM, Lee TH, Im EH, Huh KC, Choi YW, Kang YW, Kwon SJ. A case of esophageal and endobronchial anthracosis. Endoscopy 2010; 42 Suppl 2:E150-1. [PMID: 20486083 DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1215417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
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Cho YJ, Kim KI, Chun YS, Rhyu KH, Kwon BK, Kim DY, Yoo MC. Radioisotope synoviorthesis with Holmium-166-chitosan complex in haemophilic arthropathy. Haemophilia 2010; 16:640-6. [PMID: 20148979 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2516.2009.02192.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Radiosynoviorthesis is a safe and easy method for synovectomy in haemophilic arthropathy. Various agents have been used in radiosynoviorthesis, especially newly developed agent Holmium-166-chitosan complex has good clinical outcome. This study analysed clinical results and radiologic evaluation of radioisotope synoviorthesis using Holmium-166-chitosan complex in haemophilic arthropathy. From March 2001 to December 2003, 58 radiosynoviorthesis were performed in 53 haemophiliacs. The average age at procedure was 13.8 years. The Arnold and Hilgartner stage of the patients was from I to IV. Holmium-166-chitosan complex was injected in 31 ankle joints, 19 elbow joints and 8 knee joints. Average follow-up was 33 months since primary procedure. The range of motion of each joint, frequency of intra-articular bleeding and factor dose used were analysed for clinical assessment. There was no significant improvement of range of motion in affected joints. After procedure, the average frequency of bleeding of the elbow joint has decreased from 3.76 to 0.47 times per month, the knee joint from 5.87 to 1.12 times per month, and the ankle joint from 3.62 to 0.73 times per month respectively (P < 0.05). After treatment, the average coagulation factor dose injected was significantly decreased to 779.3 units per month from 2814.8 units per month before treatment (P < 0.001). Radioisotope synoviorthesis with Holmium-166-chitosan complex in haemophilic arthropathy is a very safe and simple procedure with the expectation of a satisfactory outcome without serious complication. It has excellent bleeding control effect on target joint and the need for substitution of coagulation factor concentrate can be reduced.
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Han MK, Huh Y, Lee SB, Park JH, Lee JJ, Choi EA, Lim JY, Lim S, Kim KI, Park YJ, Paik NJ, Kim TK, Jang HC, Kim KW. Prevalence of Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack in Korean Elders. Stroke 2009; 40:966-9. [DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.108.524983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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James LR, Choi CC, Ko CHE, McNeil PK, Minton MK, Wright MA, Kim KI. Organizational and psychological climate: A review of theory and research. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WORK AND ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/13594320701662550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Kim KI, Cho HJ, Hahn JY, Kim TY, Park KW, Koo BK, Shin CS, Kim CH, Oh BH, Lee MM, Park YB, Kim HS. Beta-catenin overexpression augments angiogenesis and skeletal muscle regeneration through dual mechanism of vascular endothelial growth factor-mediated endothelial cell proliferation and progenitor cell mobilization. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2005; 26:91-8. [PMID: 16254206 DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.0000193569.12490.4b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Beta-catenin plays a critical role in directing cell fate during embryogenesis, and uncontrollable activation leads to cancers, suggesting its importance in cell survival and proliferation. However, little is known regarding its role in endothelial cell (EC) and skeletal muscle proliferation and progenitor cell mobilization. METHODS AND RESULTS Beta-catenin enhanced ECs proliferation, protected ECs from apoptosis, and increased the capillary forming capabilities, which was completely blocked by inhibition of its nuclear translocation. In addition, the increased proliferation by beta-catenin was associated with increased expression of cyclin E2. In skeletal myocytes, beta-catenin overexpression increased proliferation with cyclin D1 expression, decreased apoptosis, and induced hypertrophy. Furthermore, beta-catenin induced the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in skeletal myocytes, resulting in EC proliferation. In a mouse hindlimb ischemia model, beta-catenin significantly increased recovery of blood perfusion, capillary density along with enhanced VEGF expression, and the number of proliferating ECs and myocytes. Local delivery of beta-catenin also promoted angiogenic progenitor cell mobilization and increased the number of satellite cells. CONCLUSIONS Beta-catenin may be an important modulator of angiogenesis and myocyte regeneration not only by directly enhancing proliferation and survival of ECs and skeletal myocytes but also by inducing VEGF expression and promoting angiogenic progenitor cell mobilization and muscle progenitor cell activation.
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Kim KI, Bae J, Koo BK, Youn TJ, Kim SH, Chae IH, Kim HS, Sohn DW, Oh BH, Lee MM, Park YB, Choi YS. Long-term clinical outcomes of dissections after intracoronary beta-radiation with rhenium-188-diethylene triamine penta-acetic acid-filled balloon system. Int J Cardiol 2005; 104:190-6. [PMID: 16168813 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2004.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2004] [Revised: 12/20/2004] [Accepted: 12/28/2004] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intracoronary radiation with a rhenium-188 ((188)Re)-filled balloon is safe and efficiently reduces restenosis, but there is a potential risk of a (188)Re-filled balloon induced dissection. Little is known about the effect of radiation on dissection resolution and the late clinical outcome of dissection after brachytherapy. METHODS After successful catheter-based treatments of de novo or restenotic lesion, 256 patients were randomly assigned to the radiation or control group. The (188)Re-filled balloon system was designed to deliver 17.6 Gy in 1.0-mm tissue depth. RESULTS Dissections were identified in 15 patients among the 138 patients of the radiation group (10.9%). Additional stents were deployed in 10 patients to cover the flow-limiting dissection. Binary restenosis rate (53.3% vs. 16.3%, p=0.001) and target vessel revascularization (TVR) rate (53.3% vs. 11.1%, p<0.001) were significantly higher in patients with the dissection at 9 months. Geographic miss (GM) was identified in 4 of the 10 patients who underwent additional stenting. Binary restenosis rate in the GM group (100%; 4 of 4 patients) was significantly higher than the non-GM group (33.3%; 2 of 6 patients, p=0.02). Long-term follow-up of the patients with dissections who had not undergone TVR (n=7, mean follow-up duration: 640.7+/-387.3 days) has demonstrated persistent unhealed dissections. CONCLUSIONS Intracoronary radiation impairs the healing process after vessel injury and residual dissection after brachytherapy leads to adverse clinical outcomes, which was mainly due to GM in case of stent implantation.
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Kim KI, Sasase N, Taniguchi M, Mita K, Kinoshita K, Togitani T, Shikata M, Kimura N, Izawa S, Ohtani A, Nakao K, Muramoto Y, Kim SR, Nabeshima S, Ishii F, Tanaka K, Hayashi Y. Interferon-beta induction/interferon-alpha2b plus ribavirin therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY RESEARCH 2005; 25:71-6. [PMID: 16060397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection with interferon (IFN) and ribavirin improves the rate of eradication of the virus by less than 20% in patients with genotype 1b and a high viral load. In this study we assessed whether IFN-beta induction/IFN-alpha2b plus ribavirin enhances the efficacy of the therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C. The efficacy of IFN-beta induction/IFN-alpha2b plus ribavirin therapy (group A, n=7) was compared with that of IFN-alpha2b plus ribavirin (group B, n=7) in 14 patients with high levels of HCV-RNA (> 100 K/U/ml). No significant differences were observed in the clearance of HCV-RNA between the two groups (A and B, respectively) 2 weeks after the start of the treatment (0% and 14.3%), at the end of the treatment (71.4% and 100%) and 6 months after the end of the treatment (28.6% and 14.3%). Recovery was complete in 28.6% and 14.3%, transient in 42.9% and 85.7% and absent in 28.6% and 0% in groups A and B, respectively. Early log changes in the viral load from the baseline after 2 weeks of treatment were 2.41 +/- 0.91 and 2.77 +/- 0.20 in groups A and B, respectively, with no significant difference between the two groups. In the present study, we were not able to demonstrate that IFN-beta induction/IFN-alpha2b plus ribavirin therapy was superior to IFN-alpha2b plus ribavirin therapy in patients with genotype 1b and high viral loads.
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Min SK, Kim KI, Lee CI, Jung YC, Suh SY, Kim DK. Development of the Korean versions of WHO Quality of Life scale and WHOQOL-BREF. Qual Life Res 2002; 11:593-600. [PMID: 12206580 DOI: 10.1023/a:1016351406336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop the Korean version of World Health Organization Quality of Life study assessment instrument (WHOQOL) and WHOQOL-BREF, an abbreviated version of WHOQOL and to identify contributing factors in the quality of life of Koreans. The WHOQOL and WHOQOL-BREF were translated into colloquial Korean according to instructions of the WHOQOL study group. Then the Korean questionnaire was applied to 538 subjects, composed of 171 medical patients and 367 healthy subjects who volunteered to rate the scale. Finally, 486 subjects completed the rating. Collected data were analyzed statistically. The Korean version of WHOQOL and WHOQOL-BREF domain scores demonstrated good test-retest reliability, internal consistency, criterion validity, content validity and discriminant validity. The physical, psychological, social and environmental domains made a significant contribution to explaining the variance in the quality of life while the independence and spiritual domains made a lesser contribution. The domain scores produced by the WHOQOL-BREF correlated highly with the WHOQOL. The physical health domain contributed most in overall quality of life, while the social domain made the least contribution. These results suggest that the Korean version of WHOQOL and WHOQOL-BREF are valid and reliable in the assessment of quality of life and that physical domain is contributing most and social and spiritual factors are contributing least to the quality of life in Koreans.
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Yang YH, Kim KI, Cothran EG, Flannery AR. Genetic diversity of Cheju horses (Equus caballus) determined by using mitochondrial DNA D-loop polymorphism. Biochem Genet 2002; 40:175-86. [PMID: 12137332 DOI: 10.1023/a:1015884125507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
We used sequence polymorphism of the mitochondrial DNA D-loop (968 bp excluding the tandem repeat region) to determine genetic diversity of horses inhabiting Cheju (a southern island of Korea). Seventeen haplotypes with frequencies from 1.5 to 21.5% were found among 65 Cheju horse samples. Genetic diversity (h) of the 17 haplotypes was calculated to be 0.91, indicating that the extant Cheju horse population consists of diverse genetic groups in their maternal lineage. Phylogenetic analysis showed that 17 types of Cheju (D-loop sequences determined), 5 Mongolian, 6 Arabian, 3 Belgian, 2 Tsushima, 2 Yunnan, 1 Przewalskii, and 3 Thoroughbred horses (published sequences for the latter seven breeds) showed that Cheju horses were distributed into many different clusters in the tree. Four Mongolian horses clustered with separate Cheju horse groups, showing that some Cheju horses are clearly of Mongolian origin. The analysis of partial sequences (284 bp) of the D-loop of 109 horses showed that Thoroughbred, Mongolian, Lipizzan, and Arabian breeds are as diverse as Cheju horses. Our data together with others suggest that most horse breeds tested with reasonably sufficient numbers of samples are diverse in their maternal lineages and also are not uniquely different from each other.
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Kim KI, Lee JH, Li K, Zhang YP, Lee SS, Gongora J, Moran C. Phylogenetic relationships of Asian and European pig breeds determined by mitochondrial DNA D-loop sequence polymorphism. Anim Genet 2002; 33:19-25. [PMID: 11849133 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2052.2002.00784.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Phylogenetic relationships among Asian and European pig breeds were assessed using 1036 bp of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) D-loop sequences. An unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) tree was constructed on the basis of maximum likelihood distances using sequences determined for three Cheju (Korea), 11 Chinese, one Westran (Australian feral origin) and two European pigs (Berkshire and Welsh), and also published sequences for four Japanese (including two Wild Boars), one Yucatan miniature, five European (including Large White, Landrace, Duroc, Swedish and Wild Boar) and two Meishan pigs. The Colombian collared peccary (Tayassu tajacu) sequence was also determined and used as an outgroup. The maximum parsimony with heuristic search method was used to determine bootstrap support values. Asian-type pigs clustered together (bootstrap support 33%), but were separate from European-type pigs that also clustered together (93%). The Westran pig, derived from the feral descendants of pigs inhabiting Kangaroo Island of South Australia, clustered with Asian pigs, demonstrating Asian origin of their mitochondria. Berkshire and Large White clustered with Asian pigs, indicating that Asian pigs were involved in the development of these breeds. Our findings clearly demonstrate that pigs indigenous to China, Korea and Japan are only recently diverged from each other and distinctly different from European-type pigs. European pig breeds consist of pigs with mitochondria of Asian and non-Asian type, some of which were formed from closely related maternal ancestors, if not from a single ancestor.
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Abstract
Occupational lung disease comprises a wide variety of disorders caused by the inhalation or ingestion of dust particles or noxious chemicals. These disorders include pneumoconiosis, asbestos-related pleural and parenchymal disease, chemical pneumonitis, occupational infection, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, and organic dust toxic syndrome. Most of these disorders produce diffuse lung disease. Although many of the disorders can be detected at chest radiography, high-resolution computed tomography (CT) has been shown to be superior to chest radiography in depicting parenchymal, airway, and pleural abnormalities. Some occupational lung diseases have characteristic radiologic features suggesting the correct diagnosis, whereas in others, a combination of clinical features, related occupational history, radiologic findings, and literature supporting an association between the exposure and the disease process is required for diagnosis. With advances in chest radiology, including high-resolution CT, radiologists play a key role in the clinical evaluation of occupational lung diseases and should continue their involvement in the diagnosis and treatment of these diseases.
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Lee JW, Choo SJ, Kim KI, Song JK, Kang DH, Song JM, Song H, Lee SK, Song MG. Atrial fibrillation surgery simplified with cryoablation to improve left atrial function. Ann Thorac Surg 2001; 72:1479-83. [PMID: 11722029 DOI: 10.1016/s0003-4975(01)03176-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Maze procedure restores atrial fibrillation to normal sinus rhythm. However, concurrent left atrial functional recovery is not always achieved. To address this limitation, a modification using linear cryoablation is described. METHODS Between July 1997 and December 1999, 83 patients received atrial fibrillation surgery in association with mitral valve surgery with or without additional concurrent procedures by either the conventional technique, group I (n = 30) or the modified technique, group II (n = 53). Onset of sinus conversion and echocardiographic assessment of postoperative left ventricular function, left atrial size, and mitral A-wave velocity were compared in the early postoperative period and 6 months after surgery. RESULTS Sinus conversion occurred significantly earlier in group II, 2.4 +/- 5 days versus group I, 7.0 +/- 10 days. The mean transmitral A-wave velocity and the incidence of A-wave appearance in the early postoperative period and 6 months postoperatively were greater in group II than group I. CONCLUSIONS With the current modification, restoration of sinus rhythm and superior left atrial contractile function occurred earlier than with the standard Maze III technique.
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Kim KI, Shin KS, Jun WJ, Hong BS, Shin DH, Cho HY, Chang HI, Yoo SM, Yang HC. Effects of polysaccharides from rhizomes of Curcuma zedoaria on macrophage functions. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2001; 65:2369-77. [PMID: 11791707 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.65.2369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The effects of Curcuma zedoaria, which is used as a condiment, in perfumery, and as a medicine, on immune response were investigated by measuring macrophage-stimulating activity in macrophages and RAW 264.7 cells. In this study, CZ-1 and CZ-1-III, the fractions partially purified from C. zedoaria, had a strong, dose-dependent lysosomal enzyme activity. It was suggested that active portions of CZ-1-III were polysaccharides rather than proteins. Phagocytic activity increased as a similar pattern in both the gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, time-dependently. It was demonstrated that CZ-1-III can augment the oxygen burst response but had an even higher activity in vivo than in vitro. Also a significant increase of H2O2, NO, and TNF-alpha production was observed. However, the production of TNF-alpha at the concentration of 1,000 microg/ml decreased. These data suggested that C. zedoaria had macrophage-stimulating activity and the possibility of being used as a biological response modifier.
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Kim KI, Koo KH, Sharma R, Park HB, Hwang SC. Concomitant fractures of the femoral head and neck without hip dislocation. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2001:247-50. [PMID: 11603676 DOI: 10.1097/00003086-200110000-00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
This case report describes two patients who sustained ipsilateral fractures of the femoral head and femoral neck without dislocation of the hip. The fractures in the two patients resulted from vehicle accidents. The femoral head was fractured in the sagittal plane, and the femoral neck was fractured at the subcapital portion. However, the hip was not dislocated in either patient. Both patients were treated using cementless total hip arthroplasty. These unusual hip injuries have not been reported previously and are not categorized according to any known classification system of hip injuries.
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Hu Y, Baud V, Oga T, Kim KI, Yoshida K, Karin M. IKKalpha controls formation of the epidermis independently of NF-kappaB. Nature 2001; 410:710-4. [PMID: 11287960 DOI: 10.1038/35070605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 294] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The IKKalpha and IKKbeta catalytic subunits of IkappaB kinase (IKK) share 51% amino-acid identity and similar biochemical activities: they both phosphorylate IkappaB proteins at serines that trigger their degradation. IKKalpha and IKKbeta differ, however, in their physiological functions. IKKbeta and the IKKgamma/NEMO regulatory subunit are required for activating NF-kappaB by pro-inflammatory stimuli and preventing apoptosis induced by tumour necrosis factor-alpha (refs 5,6,7,8,9,10,11). IKKalpha is dispensable for these functions, but is essential for developing the epidermis and its derivatives. The mammalian epidermis is composed of the basal, spinous, granular and cornified layers. Only basal keratinocytes can proliferate and give rise to differentiated derivatives, which on full maturation undergo enucleation to generate the cornified layer. Curiously, keratinocyte-specific inhibition of NF-kappaB, as in Ikkalpha-/- mice, results in epidermal thickening but does not block terminal differentiation. It has been proposed that the epidermal defect in Ikkalpha-/- mice may be due to the failed activation of NF-kappaB. Here we show that the unique function of IKKalpha in control of keratinocyte differentiation is not exerted through its IkappaB kinase activity or through NF-kappaB. Instead, IKKalpha controls production of a soluble factor that induces keratinocyte differentiation.
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Kim KI, Han IK, Kim H, Cho NH. How reliable is the ultrasound densitometer for community screening to diagnose osteoporosis in spine, femur, and forearm? J Clin Densitom 2001; 4:159-65. [PMID: 11486785 DOI: 10.1385/jcd:4:2:159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2000] [Revised: 09/20/2000] [Accepted: 10/18/2000] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is the most widely used noninvasive, quantitative diagnostic method of measuring bone density, but it exhibits several limitations for the purpose of general screening and community-based study. Thus, we evaluated the feasibility of the ultrasound densitometer SoundScan Compact for screening the osteoporosis community. We compared the reliability of the SoundScan Compact's measurement to predict both osteopenia and osteoporosis at the spine, femur, and forearm measured by the XR-36. World Health Organisation criteria and Korean reference were used for the diagnosis of osteopenia and osteoporosis. Of the 1827 subjects screened in the community, we randomly selected and invited 106 subjects to our university hospital center for clinical epidemiology for further evaluation of their bone health using DXA. The site-specific relationships among speed of sound and bone mineral density at L2-L4 spine, femoral neck, trochanter, Ward's triangle, distal radius + ulna, proximal radius + ulna, and proximal radius were highly correlated with r values of 0.633, 0.632, 0.674, 0.632, 0.668, 0.78, and 0.777 respectively (all p < 0.0001). Of the 42 subjects defined as normal in the spine by SoundScan Compact's, 27 (64.3%) were also in agreement as the normal by the XR-36. However, an agreement of 43.5% (10/23) in osteopenia and 53.7% (22/41) in osteoporosis was less sensitive. Reliability tested by kappa statistics (kappa = 0.35; t = 5.3; p < 0.0001) revealed that the degree of agreement was not coincidental. On the femur, 54.8% (23/42) agreed as normal, 73.9% (17/23) as osteopenia, and 39% (16/41) as osteoporosis (kappa = 0.33; t = 5.5; p < 0.0001). Higher reliability was found in the forearm, with a kappa value of 0.48, t = 7.2, and p < 0.0001. A magnitude of agreement was also greater in the forearm, with 83.3% (35/42) agreement in normal, 52.2% (12/23) in osteopenia, and 64% (16/25) in osteoporosis. Although the SoundScan Compact's measures different bone properties and measurements are taken at different sites, it is a very useful instrument with a high correlation and high degree of variation and reliability to predict bone health at other sites such as the spine, femur, and forearm. The ultrasound densitometer such as SoundScan Compact's merits its use for community screening and in the primary care setting to detect osteopenia and osteoporosis for the purpose of early detection and prevention.
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Tseng WS, Ebata K, Kim KI, Krahl W, Kua EH, Lu Q, Shen Y, Tan ES, Yang MJ. Mental health in Asia: social improvements and challenges. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2001; 47:8-23. [PMID: 11322408 DOI: 10.1177/002076400104700102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Remarkable improvements in economic conditions and a considerable upgrade in the quality of life have been observed in many parts of Asia during the past several decades. At the same time, many mental health challenges face the people of Asia. Various social mental health indexes are reviewed here, with available data from China, Japan, Korea, Singapore, Malaysia, and other Asian societies. The data are compared with data from the United States, Australia in the Pacific Rim, and some other Western countries to examine patterns of similarity or difference between East and West in the process of modernization. Common trends in mental health issues associated with rapid sociocultural change observed in different Asian societies are discussed, as well as the relative shortage of mental health personnel available in many Asian societies. It is emphasized that, in addition to expanding psychiatric services, there is an even more urgent need to promote mental health knowledge and concern through education in the general population. Mental health needs to be cultivated and maintained by social forces and cultural strengths. It is stressed that there is a challenge for Asian people to advance mental health beyond economic development in the 21st century.
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Nabuchi A, Kurata A, Tsukuda K, Tajima H, Kim KI. Minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting for the left anterior descending coronary artery. THE JAPANESE JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE JAPANESE ASSOCIATION FOR THORACIC SURGERY = NIHON KYOBU GEKA GAKKAI ZASSHI 2000; 48:795-801. [PMID: 11197824 DOI: 10.1007/bf03218254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A single surgeon conducted One hundred and twelve patients underwent minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass grafting for the left anterior descending coronary artery 112 patients at Yamato Seiwa Hospital from September 1996 until August 1999. METHODS All procedures were performed via left anterior short thoracotomy using a stabilizer during graft anastomosis. RESULTS No operative deaths occurred but 3 patients died while hospitalized due to noncardiac events. Graft occlusion was seen in 3 patients early postoperatively. Other angiography graft failure such as stenosis was seen in 11 patients. Occlusive lesions of other coronary arteries occurred in 77 patients (69%) and 53 patients underwent percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty the pre/postoperatively for those lesions. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass grafting is seen by cardiologists as a reasonable form of revascularization in conditioned patients having left anterior descending artery lesion, and that minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass grafting has a spectrum of candidates different from that of conventional surgical revascularization for the coronary artery.
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Kim KI, Cheong GW, Park SC, Ha JS, Woo KM, Choi SJ, Chung CH. Heptameric ring structure of the heat-shock protein ClpB, a protein-activated ATPase in Escherichia coli. J Mol Biol 2000; 303:655-66. [PMID: 11061966 DOI: 10.1006/jmbi.2000.4165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The heat-shock protein ClpB is a protein-activated ATPase that is essential for survival of Escherichia coli at high temperatures. ClpB has also recently been suggested to function as a chaperone in reactivation of aggregated proteins. In addition, the clpB gene has been shown to contain two translational initiation sites and therefore encode two polypeptides of different size. To determine the structural organization of ClpB, the ClpB proteins were subjected to chemical cross-linking analysis and electron microscopy. The average images of the ClpB proteins with end-on orientation revealed a seven-membered, ring-shaped structure with a central cavity. Their side-on view showed a two-layered structure with an equal distribution of mass across the equatorial plane of the complex. Since the ClpB subunit has two large regions containing consensus sequences for nucleotide binding, each layer of the ClpB heptamer appears to represent the side projection of one of the major domains arranged on a ring. In the absence of salt and ATP, the ClpB proteins showed a high tendency to form a heptamer. However, they dissociated into various species of oligomers with smaller sizes, depending on salt concentration. Above 0.2 M NaCl, the ClpB proteins behaved most likely as a monomer in the absence of ATP, but assembled into a heptamer in its presence. Furthermore, mutations of the first ATP-binding site, but not the second site, prevented the ATP-dependent oligomerization of the ClpB proteins in the presence of 0.3 M NaCl. These results indicate that ClpB has a heptameric ring-shaped structure with a central cavity and this structural organization requires ATP binding to the first nucleotide-binding site localized to the N-terminal half of the ATPase.
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Kim YS, Kang YK, Kim JB, Han SA, Kim KI, Paik SR. beta-catenin expression and mutational analysis in renal cell carcinomas. Pathol Int 2000; 50:725-30. [PMID: 11012986 DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1827.2000.01111.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
beta-Catenin acts as a downstream transcriptional activator of the Wingless-Wnt signaling pathway. The beta-catenin-Tcf complex transactivates the downstream genes that regulate cell proliferation or inhibit apoptosis. The activation of this pathway through stabilization of beta-catenin is caused either by inactivating mutations of adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) tumor suppressor gene or by activating mutations in beta-catenin exon 3. To determine whether the abnormal expression and activating mutations in exon 3 of the beta-catenin gene are implicated in renal cell carcinogenesis, 52 renal cell carcinomas (RCC) were analyzed by immunohistochemistry, polymerase chain reaction-single-strand conformational polymorphism analysis (PCR-SSCP), and direct DNA sequencing. Immunohistochemically, all cases, as well as normal kidneys, showed membranous and/or cytoplasmic staining patterns without nuclear localization. However, the cytoplasmic accumulations of beta-catenin were observed in five (22.7%) of 22 cases of conventional (clear cell) renal carcinoma, but not in papillary or chromophobe renal carcinomas. The beta-catenin mutation was identified in only one case of conventional renal carcinoma and was a single-base missense mutation on codon 61, leading to substitution of glutamine by arginine. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that beta-catenin mutations are a relatively rare event in RCC and that cytoplasmic accumulations of beta-catenin protein are found only in conventional (clear cell) renal carcinomas. These data suggest that the activation of the beta-catenin signaling pathway may partly play a role in the development of conventional RCC.
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Kim DH, Kim KI, Park YC, Zhang LD, Lu MK, Li D. Children's experience of violence in China and Korea: a transcultural study. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2000; 24:1163-1173. [PMID: 11057703 DOI: 10.1016/s0145-2134(00)00175-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There were two aims: First, to compare children's rates of being battered in home, by peers, and by teachers among students between China and Korea, and second, to identify particular risk factors for such violence. METHODS Children in grades four through six in Shanghai (238 cases) and Yanji (245 cases) in China and Seoul (248 cases) and Kimpo (241 cases) in Korea were surveyed by questionnaire method. They were asked to complete the Straus' Conflict Tactics Scale and their frequencies in the three situations respectively, and other demographic items. RESULTS Family violence during the last 1 year was experienced in 70.6% (minor 42.2%; serious 22.6%) of the children in China and 68.9% (minor 9.4%; serious 51.3%) of those in Korea. Experience rates of violence by peers were 42.7% (minor 25.7%; serious 13.7%) in China and 26.0% (minor 11.5%; serious 14.3%) in Korea. Finally, rates of corporal punishment by teachers were 51.1% (minor 28.0%; serious 4.1%) in China and 62.0% (minor 8.8%; serious 43.8%) in Korea. The most important and common risk factor for violence in one situation was the presence of violence in another situation. CONCLUSIONS The findings indicate that the differences in children's overall experience rates were not particularly striking. However, Korean children experienced more severe forms of violence from family members and from teachers. Findings of risk factors clearly imply that there are children vulnerable to violence from multiple sources.
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Kim KI, Kim JW, Hong BS, Shin DH, Cho HY, Kim HK, Yang HC. Antitumor, genotoxicity and anticlastogenic activities of polysaccharide from Curcuma zedoaria. Mol Cells 2000; 10:392-8. [PMID: 10987135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The antitumor effect of the partially purified polysaccharide from Curcuma zedoaria was studied in mice transplanted with sarcoma 180 cells. The polysaccharide fraction, CZ-1-III, at dose of 6.25 mg/kg/d showed 50% inhibition in solid tumor growth. When mice were injected with fractions, CZ-1 and CZ-1-III, at the dose of 100.0 mg/kg, 91.6% and 97.1% of tumor growth were inhibited, respectively, indicating that the cytotoxic effect of polysaccharide on sarcoma 180 cells increases upon increasing the amount of polysaccharide administered. To assess the genotoxicity of CZ-1-III fraction, several classical toxicological tests were performed. In Ames test, CZ-1-III did not show any transformation of revertant with or without S-9 metabolic activating system, indicating the lack of mutagenic effect of the compound. To assess clastogenic effect, micronucleus and chromosomal aberration assays were performed using Chinese hamster lung (CHL) fibroblast cells. However, up to 259.0 microg/ml concentration of CZ-1-III, neither micronucleus formation nor chromosomal aberration was induced regardless of the presence of S-9 metabolic activating system. Inhibition of CZ-1-III on micronucleus formation induced by mitomycin C was exhibited in a dose-dependent manner, maximally up to 52.0%. These results strongly suggest that CZ-1-III, the polysaccharide fraction from C. Zedoaria, decreases tumor size of mouse and prevents chromosomal mutation.
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Kim KI, Lee KN, Tomiyama N, Johkoh T, Ichikado K, Kim CW, Lee SH. Near drowning: thin-section CT findings in six patients. J Comput Assist Tomogr 2000; 24:562-6. [PMID: 10966187 DOI: 10.1097/00004728-200007000-00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to assess the thin-section CT findings of near drowning in six patients. METHOD Thin-section (1 mm collimation) CT scans of six patients who experienced near drowning were retrospectively analyzed. The CT scans were performed 0-5 days (median 1 day) after near drowning. RESULTS Thin-section CT findings included bilateral patchy or diffuse areas of ground-glass attenuation (n = 6) with geographic pattern (n = 3) and fine intralobular reticular opacities ("crazy-paving" appearance) (n = 3), ill-defined centrilobular nodules (n = 4), and air-space consolidation (n = 1). Distribution of ground-glass attenuation was predominantly central (n = 4) or diffuse (n = 2). Interstitial pulmonary emphysema and pneumomediastinum were present in two patients. CONCLUSION The thin-section CT findings of near drowning consist of ground-glass opacities with or without associated reticular opacities and centrilobular nodules.
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Kim SR, Hayashi Y, Kudo M, Imoto S, Song KB, Ando K, Shintani S, Koterazawa T, Kim KI, Taniguchi M. TTV positivity and transfusion history in non-B, non-C hepatocellular carcinoma compared with HBV- and HCV-positive cases. Intervirology 2000; 43:13-5. [PMID: 10773732 DOI: 10.1159/000025017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of TT virus (TTV) and its rate of transmission through transfusion were investigated to determine its possible hepatocarcinogenic role in non-B, non-C hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) as compared with that in hepatitis B virus (HBV)- and hepatitis C virus (HCV)-positive HCC. Its transfection route in TTV-positive cases was also studied. Serum was positive for TTV in 77.8% (7/9) of HBV-positive, 36.4% (12/33) of HCV-positive, and 63. 6% (7/11) of non-B, non-C cases of HCC. The rate of transmission through transfusion was 52.4% (11/21) in HBV-positive, 40.1% (61/152) in HCV-positive, 33.3% (2/6) in HBV+HCV-positive, and 40% (8/20) in non-B, non-C HCCs, while it was 48.3% (14/29) in TTV-positive and 39.3% (11/28) in TTV-negative cases. The association between TTV and HCC was limited, and the main route of infection of TTV was not through transfusion.
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Kim KI, Baek SH, Jeon YJ, Nishimori S, Suzuki T, Uchida S, Shimbara N, Saitoh H, Tanaka K, Chung CH. A new SUMO-1-specific protease, SUSP1, that is highly expressed in reproductive organs. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:14102-6. [PMID: 10799485 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.275.19.14102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A full-length cDNA encoding a SUMO-1-specific protease, named SUSP1, was identified and cloned for the first time from the human brain. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the cDNA containing an open reading frame of 3336 base pairs revealed that the protease consists of 1112 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 126,116 Da. Like yeast Ulp1, SUSP1 is a cysteine protease containing the well conserved His/Asp/Cys catalytic triad. SUSP1 expressed in Escherichia coli cells efficiently released SUMO-1 from SUMO-1. beta-galactosidase fusion but not from other ubiquitin-like protein fusions, including Smt3.beta-galactosidase, suggesting its role in the generation of matured SUMO-1 specifically from its precursors. Interestingly, reproductive organs, such as testis, ovary, and prostate, contained much higher amounts of SUSP1 mRNA than colon and peripheral blood leukocyte, whereas other tissues, such as heart and spleen, had little or none. In addition, confocal microscopy using green fluorescent protein.SUSP1 fusion showed that SUSP1 is exclusively localized to the cytoplasm of NIH3T3 and HeLa cells. These results suggest that SUSP1 may play a role in the regulation of SUMO-1-mediated cellular processes particularly related to reproduction.
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Kim HS, Lee MM, Oh BH, Kim KI, Han KH, Park SK, Sohn DW, Yoo KY, Park YB, Choi YS, Lee YW. Synergistic effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme and angiotensinogen gene on cardiac hypertrophy. Int J Cardiol 2000; 72:151-61. [PMID: 10646957 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-5273(99)00184-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS There are controversies concerning the association of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), and the unclear association between angiotensinogen (ATG) M235T polymorphism and LVH. We investigated both the separate and interactive effects of these two genes on LVH in patients (N=396) with cardiovascular disease and normal healthy volunteers (N=133). RESULTS Frequency of DD genotype of ACE gene was significantly (P<0.05) higher in patients with LVH than patients without LVH or normal controls. Frequency of IT genotype of ATG gene in patients with LVH was significantly (P<0.01) greater than that in normal controls or marginally (P=0.1) higher than that in patients without LVH. These findings were also observed in normotensive patients and normal controls after excluding hypertensive patients. Only in patient group, the frequency of DD genotype in the highest quartile of LVMI was significantly greater than that in the lowest quartile (P<0.05). The higher tendency of TT genotype in the highest quartile patients compared with that in the lowest, did not reach statistical significance. In combined genotype analysis, there was a remarkable difference in LVMI between the two extreme double homozygotes only in patient group (156+/-25 versus 109+/-25 g/m2 for TT+DD versus MM+II) (P<0.01). In ANCOVA, the interaction term composed of ACE and ATG genotype was a significant independent variable for LVMI only in the male patient group (P<0.01). CONCLUSION The D-allele of ACE and T-allele of ATG gene exert a synergistic effect on cardiac hypertrophy in male patients with cardiovascular diseases, but not in normal healthy population.
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Park CH, Kim KI, Lim YT, Chung SW, Lee CH. Ruptured giant intrathoracic lipoblastoma in a 4-month-old infant: CT and MR findings. Pediatr Radiol 2000; 30:38-40. [PMID: 10663508 DOI: 10.1007/s002470050011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We describe a 4-month-old infant with a ruptured intrathoracic lipoblastoma arising from the parietal pleura and associated with a pleural effusion. OBJECTIVE The clinical presentation was rapidly evolving respiratory distress. The chest radiograph showed a large mass and a pleural effusion in the right thoracic cavity. CT demonstrated an inhomogeneous low-attenuation mass which was 7 cm in diameter and which showed areas of enhancement after intravenous contrast medium. MRI showed a fatty intrathoracic mass with intratumoral streaks and whorls, which were attributed to loose fibrovascular connective tissue on pathological examination. RESULTS Thoracotomy and pathological examination revealed a ruptured intrathoracic lipoblastoma arising from the parietal pleura. CONCLUSION The pleural effusion might have suggested rupture of the tumour.
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Park CH, Kim KI, Park SK, Lee CH. Carbamate poisoning: high resolution CT and pathologic findings. J Comput Assist Tomogr 2000; 24:52-4. [PMID: 10667658 DOI: 10.1097/00004728-200001000-00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Carbamate insecticides are commonly used agricultural insecticides. The major cause of morbidity and mortality in acute carbamate poisoning is respiratory failure associated with pulmonary edema. Although carbamate poisoning is well recognized in the clinical literature, the findings of high resolution CT (HRCT) with carbamate have not been reported. We report the radiographic and HRCT findings of a patient with acute carbamate poisoning who had pathologically proven interstitial pneumonitis after resolution of initial pulmonary edema.
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Kim KI, Park SC, Kang SH, Cheong GW, Chung CH. Selective degradation of unfolded proteins by the self-compartmentalizing HtrA protease, a periplasmic heat shock protein in Escherichia coli. J Mol Biol 1999; 294:1363-74. [PMID: 10600391 DOI: 10.1006/jmbi.1999.3320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
HtrA, which has a high molecular mass of about 500 kDa, is a periplasmic heat shock protein whose proteolytic activity is essential for the survival of Escherichia coli at high temperatures. To determine the structural organization of HtrA, we have used electron microscopy and chemical cross-linking analysis. The averaged image of HtrA with end-on orientation revealed a six-membered, ring-shaped structure with a central cavity, and its side-on view showed a two-layered structure. Thus, HtrA behaves as a dodecamer consisting of two stacks of hexameric ring. HtrA can degrade thermally unfolded citrate synthase and malate dehydrogenase but cannot when in their native form. HtrA degraded partially unfolded casein more rapidly upon increasing the incubation temperature. However, it hydrolyzed oxidized insulin B-chain, which is fully unfolded, at nearly the same rate at all of the temperatures tested. HtrA also rapidly degraded reduced insulin B-chain generated by treatment of insulin with dithiothreitol but not A-chain or intact insulin. Moreover, HtrA degraded fully unfolded alpha-lactalbumin, of which all four disulfide bonds were reduced, but not the native alpha-lactalbumin and its unfolded intermediates containing two or three disulfide bonds. These results indicate that unfolding of the protein substrates, such as by exposure to high temperatures or reduction of disulfide bonds, is essential for their access into the inner chamber of the double ring-shaped HtrA, where cleavage of peptide bonds may occur. Thus, HtrA with a self-compartmentalizing structure may play an important role in elimination of unfolded proteins in the periplasm of Escherichia coli.
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Kim SR, Hayashi Y, Kudo M, Matsuoka T, Imoto S, Sasaki K, Shintani S, Song KB, Park SY, Kim JH, Ando K, Koterazawa T, Kim KI, Ninomiya T. Inflammatory pseudotumor of the liver in a patient with chronic hepatitis C: difficulty in differentiating it from hepatocellular carcinoma. Pathol Int 1999; 49:726-30. [PMID: 10504540 DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1827.1999.00927.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A case of an inflammatory pseudotumor of the liver in a 75-year-old female with chronic hepatitis C whose radiologic features simulated that of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is presented. On imaging studies, hypervascularity by CO2 ultrasound (US) angiography, enhancement at an early phase and isodensity at a late phase by incremental dynamic computed tomography (CT), perfusion defect by CT during arteriography (CTAP), and clinical background of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection strongly suggested HCC. A US-guided needle biopsy revealed a mainly diffuse and polyclonal proliferation of lymphocytes positive for leukocyte common antigen (pan-lymphocyte cells), L-26 (B cell lymphocytes), and UCHL-1 (T cell lymphocytes), negative for both kappa and lambda light chains and sparsely distributed neutrophils and histiocytes. No lymphoid follicles were observed. The liver tissue around this tumor showed chronic hepatitis with mild activity and mild fibrosis. These histopathologic findings suggested that the diagnosis of inflammatory pseudotumor of the liver was tenable. As it is difficult to differentiate between inflammatory pseudotumor of the liver and HCC by imaging studies alone, supplemental biopsy, where possible, should be obtained when diagnostic imaging of tumors suggesting HCC is carried out. We emphasize that histopathology is a true gold standard in the diagnosis of this disease.
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Kim KI, Kim YS, Kim HK, Chae YS, Yoem BW, Kim I. The detection of Epstein-Barr virus in the lesions of salivary glands. Pathol Res Pract 1999; 195:407-12. [PMID: 10399181 DOI: 10.1016/s0344-0338(99)80014-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is known in association with lymphoid and epithelial lesion. Because the salivary gland is an organ close to the oropharynx, it has a higher incidence of EBV infection and is a possible route of EBV infection. Formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded tissue sections of 87 cases of salivary gland diseases were used for the study of EBV with PCR, in situ PCR for EBNA-1 (EBV nuclear antigen-1), and immunohistochemistry for LMP-1 (latent membrane protein-1). EBV was detected in 12 cases (13.8%): 7 of nonspecific chronic sialadenitis (21.2%), 4 of Warthin's tumors (30.8%), and one lymphoepithelial carcinoma. EBNA-1 was negative in all the other lesions. EBV DNA was detected in the nucleus of epithelial cells and the surrounding lymphocytes. LMP-1 positivity was found in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells. The results of the present study showed that EBV is implicated in some of the inflammatory and neoplastic lesions of the salivary gland in which the lymphocytes are abundant. However, the pathogenesis and mechanism of immortalization and tumorigenesis of the epithelial cells in the salivary glands remain to be determined.
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Coche E, Baile EM, Wiggs B, Kim KI, Mayo JR. Effect of site and rate of contrast material injection on pulmonary vascular distention. Acad Radiol 1999; 6:419-25. [PMID: 10410167 DOI: 10.1016/s1076-6332(99)80192-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES The authors performed this study to determine if there were differences in vascular caliber measured on angiograms obtained with the injection protocol used for spiral computed tomography (CT) versus that used for pulmonary angiography. MATERIALS AND METHODS The authors studied seven juvenile anesthetized pigs by using a prospective repeated measures experimental design. All pigs received injections of nonionic contrast material via catheters in the brachial vein, superior vena cava, main pulmonary artery, and left pulmonary artery. Weight-adjusted injection rates and volumes ranged from 0.05 mL/kg/sec (3.5 mL/sec, spiral CT protocol) to 0.56 mL/kg/sec (40 mL/sec, pulmonary angiography protocol). Heart rate and pulmonary artery and systemic artery pressures were recorded. During each injection, identically positioned pulmonary angiograms were obtained at full inspiration. Vessel diameters were measured at identical locations after each injection by two observers. The relationship between vessel diameter and hemodynamic parameters and injection site and rate was assessed with analysis of variance. RESULTS At suspended full inspiration, no statistically significant difference (P > .05) in vessel diameter or hemodynamic parameters was found between the different injection sites or rates. There was no difference in vascular caliber between systole and diastole. CONCLUSION The improved detection of subsegmental pulmonary emboli at pulmonary angiography compared with contrast material-enhanced spiral CT is not due to differences in vascular distention.
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Kim KI, Lee JW, Lee MK, Lee CH, Park SK. Polypoid endobronchial Hodgkin's disease with pneumomediastinum. Br J Radiol 1999; 72:392-4. [PMID: 10474502 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.72.856.10474502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a 23-year-old man with polypoid endobronchial Hodgkin's disease which presented with intermittent multilobar atelectasis and spontaneous pneumomediastinum. Chest radiograph and CT findings are demonstrated.
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Kim KI, Yang YH, Lee SS, Park C, Ma R, Bouzat JL, Lewin HA. Phylogenetic relationships of Cheju horses to other horse breeds as determined by mtDNA D-loop sequence polymorphism. Anim Genet 1999; 30:102-8. [PMID: 10376300 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2052.1999.00419.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Historical records suggest that horses inhabiting the island of Cheju in Korea are descendants of Mongolian horses introduced in 1276. Other studies, however, suggest that horses may have been present on the island prior to the Mongolian introduction. To determine the origin of the Cheju horses we used a phylogenetic analysis of sequences of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) D-loop region, including tRNA Pro and parts of tRNA thr and tRNA Phe sequences (1102-bp excluding the tandem repeat region). Maximum parsimony and neighbor-joining trees were constructed using sequences determined for seven Cheju, four Mongolian, one Przewalskii and two Chinese Yunnan horses, and published sequences for one Swedish and three Thoroughbred horses. Donkey mtDNA was used as an outgroup. We found that the mtDNA D-loop sequence varies considerably within Mongolian, Cheju and Thoroughbred horse breeds, and that Cheju horses clustered with Mongolian horses as well as with horses from other distantly related breeds. On the basis of these findings we propose that horses on Cheju Island are of mixed origin in their maternal lineage, and that horses may have existed and been traded on the island before the Mongolian introduction.
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Abstract
PURPOSE To prospectively determine the utility of contrast material-enhanced spiral computed tomography (CT) in the examination of patients clinically suspected of having pulmonary embolism (PE). MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred ten patients clinically suspected of having PE were examined with contrast-enhanced spinal CT and at least one other imaging modality: ventilation-perfusion scintigraphy, Doppler ultrasonography of deep leg veins, or pulmonary angiography. Chart review or telephone contact with the referring clinician was used to evaluate the contribution of spiral CT to the final clinical diagnosis. RESULTS Spiral CT helped correctly identify 23 of 25 patients with PE (sensitivity, 92%). In 57 (67%) of the 85 patients without PE, spiral CT provided additional information that suggested or confirmed the alternate clinical diagnosis: pneumonia (n = 14), cardiovascular disease (n = 10), pulmonary fibrosis (n = 7), trauma (n = 6), malignancy (n = 5), pleural disease (n = 4), postoperative changes (n = 4), and other (n = 7). In the remaining 28 patients, spiral CT scans were normal (n = 12), failed to produce findings supportive of the final clinical diagnosis (n = 13), or were false-positive for PE (n = 3; specificity, 96%). CONCLUSION Spiral CT has good sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of PE. In the majority of patients who do not have PE, it also provides important ancillary information for the final diagnosis.
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Kim KI, Leung AN, Flint JD, Müller NL. Chronic pulmonary coccidioidomycosis: computed tomographic and pathologic findings in 18 patients. Can Assoc Radiol J 1998; 49:401-7. [PMID: 9879269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review the computed tomographic (CT) findings in pathologically proven chronic pulmonary coccidioidomycosis. PATIENTS AND METHOD The study included 19 pulmonary lesions caused by mycologically and pathologically proven chronic coccidioidomycosis in 18 immunocompetent patients (aged 22 to 75 years, mean 57 years) who had a chest CT scan. Thirteen patients were Canadians who had travelled to an endemic area, and 5 were inhabitants of an endemic area in southern California and Arizona. The CT findings were assessed to determine the type, size, margin, internal architecture and location of parenchymal abnormalities. RESULTS The CT findings included solitary nodules of 1.0 to 2.0 cm (mean 1.7 cm) in diameter in 17 patients, a focal area of ground-glass attenuation in 1 patient, and focal consolidation in 1 patient. Ten of the nodules had homogeneous attenuation on CT, 2 had central areas of low attenuation, 2 showed cavitation, 2 had foci of calcifications and 1 had bubble lucency. The nodules were located peripherally (in 14 patients) and centrally (in 3 patients). The predominant histologic finding in these nodules was a necrotizing granuloma. Three nodules were surrounded by halos of ground-glass attenuation, which were shown on histologic examination to represent granulomatous inflammation (in 2 cases) and pulmonary hemorrhage due to a pulmonary artery-bronchial fistula (in 1 case). Two nodules had adjacent consolidation, which was due to granulomatous inflammation surrounding a necrotizing granuloma. CONCLUSION Necrotizing granulomas in chronic coccidioidomycosis appear as a well-defined nodule on CT, while granulomatous inflammation may appear as areas of ground-glass attenuation or consolidation.
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Kim KI, Lee JW, Park JH, Kim SY, Park HJ, Choi PJ, Lee KN, Kim HJ, Lee SH. Pulmonary tuberculosis in five young infants with nursery exposure: clinical, radiographic and CT findings. Pediatr Radiol 1998; 28:836-40. [PMID: 9799313 DOI: 10.1007/s002470050477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Clinical, radiographic (n = 5) and CT findings (n = 4) of five Korean infants ranging in age from 2 to 3 months with confirmed tuberculosis were retrospectively analysed. All of the patients were symptomatic, anergic to tuberculin, and had a positive culture of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in gastric aspirates. The probable source of infection was the hospital in which they were born. CT scans demonstrated hilar and mediastinal lymph node enlargement with central low attenuation and peripheral enhancement in all cases. CT may be useful in diagnosis by demonstrating characteristic adenopathy and disseminated disease in young infants.
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Baek SH, Park KC, Lee JI, Kim KI, Yoo YJ, Tanaka K, Baker RT, Chung CH. A novel family of ubiquitin-specific proteases in chick skeletal muscle with distinct N- and C-terminal extensions. Biochem J 1998; 334 ( Pt 3):677-84. [PMID: 9729477 PMCID: PMC1219738 DOI: 10.1042/bj3340677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We have recently identified a cDNA for a ubiquitin-specific protease (UBP), UBP41, that encodes the smallest functional UBP identified to date, using an Escherichia coli-based in vivo screening method. In the present study we isolated highly related cDNAs encoding a new family of UBP enzymes, named UBP46, UBP52 and UBP66. These UBPs have virtually identical catalytic domains spanning the sequence of UBP41 between the active-site Cys and the His box (95% identity). However, they possess distinct N- and/or C-terminal extensions. Moreover, they are more closely related to each other than to any other members of the UBP family. Thus these chick UBPs must define a novel family of de-ubiquitinating enzymes and should represent the first example among the UBP family enzymes, whose multiplicity is achieved by variation in their N- and C-terminal extensions. The chick UBPs were expressed in E. coli, and purified from the cells to apparent homogeneity using 125I-labelled ubiquitin-alphaNH-MHISPPEPESEEEEEHYC as a substrate. Each of the purified UBP46, UBP52 and UBP66 enzymes behaved as proteins of similar sizes under both denaturing and non-denaturing conditions, suggesting that all of them consist of a single polypeptide chain. The UBP enzymes cleaved the C-terminus of the ubiquitin moiety in natural and engineered fusions irrespective of their sizes and thus are active against ubiquitin-beta-galactosidase as well as a ubiquitin C-terminal extension protein of 80 amino acids. All UBPs except UBP66 released free ubiquitin from poly-His-tagged di-ubiquitin. However, the isopeptidase activity for hydrolysing polyubiquitinated lysozyme conjugates was not detected from these UBPs, which makes these UBPs distinct from UBP41. These results suggest that the chick UBPs may play an important role in production of free ubiquitin from linear polyubiquitin chains and of certain ribosomal proteins from ubiquitin fusion proteins.
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Kim SR, Hayashi Y, Matsuoka T, Park SY, Shintani S, Sasaki K, Asano J, Kim JH, Kim KI, Imoto S, Itoh H, Kudo M. A case of well-differentiated minute hepatocellular carcinoma with extrahepatic metastasis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1998; 13:892-6. [PMID: 9794186 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.1998.tb00757.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
A rare case of well-differentiated minute hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) metastasizing to distant sites in a 77-year-old man with hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related cirrhosis is presented. Ultrasonography (US) disclosed a 9 mm hypoechoic lesion in segment seven (S7) of the liver, although computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and angiography did not reveal any space-occupying lesion. Ultrasound-guided biopsy showed the histological features of well-differentiated HCC. A plain film of the abdomen and CT revealed osteolytic changes in the sacrum and the lumbar vertebra. Ultrasound-guided biopsy of the sacrum revealed well-to-moderately differentiated HCC metastasizing from the liver. Percutaneous ethanol injection therapy (PEIT) effected complete response and completely eliminated the abnormal findings on US. Three months after PEIT, metastasis to the thoracic vertebra was revealed by CT, despite negative alpha-fetoprotein-mRNA in serum. This is the first report describing a well-differentiated HCC with metastatic potential. Further studies may provide insights into metastasis of well-differentiated HCC.
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Kim KI, Woo KM, Seong IS, Lee ZW, Baek SH, Chung CH. Mutational analysis of the two ATP-binding sites in ClpB, a heat shock protein with protein-activated ATPase activity in Escherichia coli. Biochem J 1998; 333 ( Pt 3):671-6. [PMID: 9677327 PMCID: PMC1219631 DOI: 10.1042/bj3330671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The 93 kDa ClpB (ClpB93) is a heat shock protein and has a protein-activated ATPase activity. To define the role of the two ATP-binding sites in ClpB93, site-directed mutagenesis was performed to replace Lys212 or Lys611 with Thr or Glu. All of the mutant proteins hydrolysed ATP at a higher rate than that seen with ClpB93 at ATP concentrations up to 2 mM. However, ClpB93 carrying mutations in both of the ATP-binding sites could not cleave ATP. Thus any of the two ATP-binding sites seems to be capable of supporting the ATPase activity of ClpB93. The ATPase activities of both ClpB93/K212T and ClpB93/K212E were gradually decreased when ATP concentrations were increased above 2 mM, unlike those of ClpB93, ClpB93/K611T and ClpB93/K611E, which showed a typical saturation curve. Furthermore ADP inhibited ATP hydrolysis by ClpB93/K212T and ClpB93/K212E more effectively than that by the latter proteins, suggesting that the mutations in the first ATP-binding site result in an increase in the affinity of ADP for the second site in ClpB93. In addition, all of the purified ClpB93 and its mutant forms behaved as an oligomer of 400-450 kDa on a Sephacryl S-300 gel-filtration column, whether or not ATP was present. Thus the binding of ATP to either of the two sites seems not to be essential for oligomerization of ClpB93. Although a low-copy plasmid carrying clpB93 could rescue the sensitivity of a clpB-null mutant cell at 52 degreesC, none of the plasmids carrying the mutations in the ATP-binding sites could. Furthermore, incubation at 52 degreesC resulted in a gradual loss of the ATPase activity of ClpB93 carrying the mutations in either of the two ATP-binding sites, but not of the parental ClpB93, indicating that the mutant proteins have a greater tendency to denature at this temperature than the parental ClpB93. These results suggest that both of the ATP-binding sites in ClpB have an important role in maintaining the thermotolerance of the protein and hence in the survival of Escherichia coli at high temperatures.
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Kim KI, Lee WS, Benevenga NJ. Feeding diets containing high levels of milk products or cellulose decrease urease activity and ammonia production in rat intestine. J Nutr 1998; 128:1186-91. [PMID: 9649604 DOI: 10.1093/jn/128.7.1186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Three studies were done to determine the effect of feeding diets containing high levels of a readily fermentable carbohydrate (lactose in milk or yogurt, or pure lactose) or an undigestible, unfermentable diluent (alpha-cellulose) on urease (EC 3.5.1.5) activity and net ammonia production in the rat gastrointestinal (GI) contents. Rats (170-200 g) were fed a control diet or diets containing 55% dried milk or 55% dried yogurt, 25% lactose or 10% alpha-cellulose. Feeding diets containing milk or yogurt decreased urease activity to approximately 11% of the control value in the small intestine (on the basis of grams of collected contents or total contents), and to 50% in the large intestine (only on the basis of grams of collected contents). Feeding the diet containing 25% lactose also decreased urease activity (on the basis of grams of collected contents or total contents) to about 20% of the control value in the small intestine, but not (P > 0.05) in the large intestine. Net ammonia production rate was correlated (r2 = 0.98) with urease activity in the large intestinal contents, and the rate of ammonia production from ureolysis represented about two thirds of the total. Feeding the cellulose diet decreased (P < 0.05) both urease activity and net ammonia production in the large intestine to approximately 30% of the control value. Weights of tissue and contents of the large intestine were much higher (P < 0.01) in rats fed diets containing milk products or lactose than in the control rats, but were not affected by consumption of the cellulose diet. Results of our studies indicate that feeding diets containing high levels of milk products (lactose) or cellulose reduces urease activity and net ammonia production in the rat intestine, and thus may be beneficial for improving animal and human health.
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Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the value of parenchymal findings at contrast material-enhanced spiral computed tomography (CT) in patients suspected to have pulmonary embolism (PE). MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighty-eight patients suspected to have PE underwent contrast-enhanced spiral CT and ventilation-perfusion scintigraphy. Concordance between CT and scintigraphic results was used to diagnose or exclude PE. Pulmonary angiography was attempted in all patients with discordant CT and scintigraphic results or indeterminate scans. Parenchymal CT scans were assessed by two radiologists who were not aware of the diagnosis and who had access only to lung window images. RESULTS Twenty-six patients had PE; 62 did not. Wedge-shaped pleural-based consolidation was seen in 16 patients with PE (62%) and 17 patients without PE (27%) (P < .05) (sensitivity, 62%; specificity, 73%). Linear bands were seen in 12 patients with PE (46%) and 13 patients without PE (21%) (P < .05) (sensitivity, 46%; specificity, 79%). There was no statistically significant difference in the frequency of non-wedge-shaped consolidation, areas of decreased attenuation, or atelectasis. Central and lower-lobe segmental pulmonary arteries that contained emboli were enlarged (P < .05). CONCLUSION Parenchymal findings may suggest further investigations when results of spiral CT are inconclusive in diagnosis of PE.
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Kim SR, Hayashi Y, Yoon S, Taniguchi M, Yang MK, Kim KI, Kim MM, Saeki K, Nukata I, Imoto S. Prediction of efficacy of interferon treatment of chronic hepatitis C by multivariate analysis and a new classification. Pathol Int 1998; 48:215-20. [PMID: 9589490 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.1998.tb03895.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
One hundred and fifteen patients with chronic hepatitis C were administered interferon (IFN) and classed into two groups: (i) complete responders (CR), HCV-RNA continuously negative 1 year after treatment; and (ii) non-responders (NR), positive 1 year after treatment. Multivariate analysis comprised eight variables: age, sex, transfusion history, alanine aminotransferase level, viral genotype, level of viremia, type of IFN, and total amount of IFN. The HCV-RNA level was correlated with complete response (P = 0.0175). Liver biopsy specimens were classified into four grades and stages according to the measure of severity and the extent of fibrosis, respectively. There was no correlation between the efficacy rate and grading. However, in staging there was a difference in the efficacy of IFN between stages 1 or 2, and stage 3 (0.05 < P < 0.1 and 0.01 < P < 0.025, respectively). Of the CR patients, 0% (0/5) were at stage 0 (no fibrosis); 27.5% (22/80) at stage 1 (mild); 42.9% (6/14) at stage 2 (moderate); and 6.3% (1/16) at stage 3 (severe fibrosis). Thus the new classification would be useful in predicting roughly the efficacy of IFN.
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Jung GM, Bak YT, Know OS, Oh JH, Kim JS, Kim JH, Keum JH, Park CM, Cha IH, Kim KI, Kim HK. Massive bleeding from left colonic arteriovenous malformation in a young patient with ventricular septal defect. Korean J Intern Med 1998; 13:56-9. [PMID: 9538633 PMCID: PMC4531932 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.1998.13.1.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Arteriovenous malformation of the gut is well known to have been an important bleeding focus in past ages. We report a young Korean male patient, who had been known to have ventricular septal defect, presenting massive lower gastrointestinal bleeding from an arteriovenous malformation involving a long segment of the left colon. Angiographic, gross and histologic findings are presented and the literature is reviewed.
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Abstract
Basal cell adenocarcinoma of the salivary gland is a very rare disease entity as the malignant counterpart of basal cell adenoma. On the basis of morphologic pattern, basal cell adenoma can be divided into four subtypes; trabecular, solid, tubular, and dermal analogue (membranous). We report a case of basal cell adenocarcinoma in the left parotid gland of a 33-year-old woman. Light microscopically, the tumor cells were composed of relatively uniform, monotonous basaloid cells. The tumor cell nests commonly had peripheral palisadings. The main growth pattern of the tumor cells was tubulotrabecular. However, other portions were similar to dermal analogue monomorphic adenoma and showed cribriform patterns reminiscent of adenoid cystic carcinoma. The tumor had frequent perineural invasions and an infiltrative margin. On immunohistochemistry, only scattered numbers of tumor cells showed irregular positive reaction for S-100 protein, suggesting a few myoepithelial cell components of the tumor compared with most tumor cells derived from epithelial cells.
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