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Pagès PB, Mariet AS, Madelaine L, Cottenet J, Hanna HA, Quantin C, Bernard A. Impact of video-assisted thoracic surgery approach on postoperative mortality after lobectomy in octogenarians. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2018; 157:1660-1667. [PMID: 30711277 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2018.11.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The number of octogenarians who present with localized lung cancer eligible for surgical resection is increasing. Video-assisted thoracic surgery lobectomy has been widely accepted, but the potential benefit in octogenarians is not well established, especially for postoperative mortality. This study aimed to assess the impact of a video-assisted thoracic surgery approach on postoperative mortality after lobectomy for lung cancer in octogenarians. METHODS From January 2005 to December 2016, all patients aged more than 80 years who received lobectomy treatment for lung cancer were retrieved from the French Administrative Database. The end point was 30-day postoperative death. A propensity score was generated with 16 pretreatment variables and used to create balanced groups with matching (578 matches 1:1). Results are reported as odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS Of the 75,892 patients operated for lobectomy during this period, 3560 were octogenarians. Video-assisted thoracic surgery was performed in 16.7% (n = 597) of cases, and thoracotomy was performed in 83.23% (n = 2963) of cases. From 2005 to 2016, the number of patients aged more than 80 years who were operated for lung cancer increased from 160 to 456 patients per year, and the proportion of lobectomy performed by video-assisted thoracic surgery increased as well (from 3.13% to 37.28%). Unmatched postoperative mortality was 3.85% (n = 23) for video-assisted thoracic surgery versus 7.9% (n = 234) for thoracotomy (P < .0001). Matched postoperative mortality was significantly lower in the video-assisted thoracic surgery approach with an odds ratio of 0.51 (95% confidence interval, 0.27-0.96; P = .038). CONCLUSIONS Video-assisted thoracic surgery was significantly associated with reduced postoperative mortality compared with open thoracotomy after lobectomy for lung cancer in octogenarians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Benoit Pagès
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, CHU Dijon, Bocage Central, Dijon, France; INSERM UMR 1231, CHU Bocage, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France.
| | - Anne-Sophie Mariet
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, CHU Dijon, Bocage Central, Dijon, France
| | - Leslie Madelaine
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, CHU Dijon, Bocage Central, Dijon, France
| | - Jonathan Cottenet
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, CHU Dijon, Bocage Central, Dijon, France
| | - Halim Abou Hanna
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, CHU Dijon, Bocage Central, Dijon, France
| | - Catherine Quantin
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, CHU Dijon, Bocage Central, Dijon, France; INSERM, CIC 1432, Clinical Investigation Center, Clinical Epidemiology/Clinical Trials Unit, CHU Bocage, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France; INSERM UMR 1181, Biostatistics, Biomathematics, Pharmacoepidemiology and Infectious Diseases, CHU Bocage, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France
| | - Alain Bernard
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, CHU Dijon, Bocage Central, Dijon, France
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Valdatta L, Perletti G, Maggiulli F, Tamborini F, Pellegatta I, Cherubino M. FRAIL scale as a predictor of complications and mortality in older patients undergoing reconstructive surgery for non-melanoma skin cancer. Oncol Lett 2018; 17:263-269. [PMID: 30655763 PMCID: PMC6313211 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to determine the association between preoperative frailty and the onset of surgical complications in patients diagnosed with massive non-melanoma skin cancer subjected to plastic and reconstructive surgery. A retrospective analysis was performed on a cohort of 587 patients with non-melanoma skin cancer, selected on the basis of specific inclusion criteria, who were subjected to plastic and reconstructive surgery between 2005 and 2014. Frailty was scored using the FRAIL index, whereas postoperative complications were classified according to Clavien-Dindo criteria. By binary logistic regression, the odds and probabilities of complications were calculated as a function of increasing values of the FRAIL index. Two different logistic models were created, comparing absent/mild (Clavien grades 1st and 2nd) vs. moderate/severe complications or mortality (Clavien grades 3rd-5th; model A), or absent/mild/moderate complications (Clavien grades 1st-3rd) vs. severe complications or mortality (Clavien grades 4th and 5th; model B). The FRAIL index was an accurate predictor of surgical complications or mortality, with significant odds ratios and goodness of fit. In model A, FRAIL scores 4 and 5 were the most critical predictors of moderate/severe complications or mortality (37 and 94% probability, 0.6 and 17.3 odds, respectively), compared to score 3 (2% probability, 0.02 odds) or lower. In model B, FRAIL score 5 was the most critical predictor of severe complications or mortality, as it was associated with a 74.6% probability and 2.93 odds for these events. In conclusion, increasing FRAIL scores were associated with worsening surgical outcomes for patients with non-melanoma skin cancer undergoing plastic/reconstructive surgery. A low rate of surgical complications was observed in pre-frail and frail patients up to FRAIL score 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Valdatta
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Section of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Insubria, I-21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Gianpaolo Perletti
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Section of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Insubria, I-21100 Varese, Italy.,Department of Human Structure and Repair, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Ghent University, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Francesca Maggiulli
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Complex Unit, ASST Sette Laghi Varese, I-21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Federico Tamborini
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Complex Unit, ASST Sette Laghi Varese, I-21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Igor Pellegatta
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Section of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Insubria, I-21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Mario Cherubino
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Section of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Insubria, I-21100 Varese, Italy
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Chan DXH, Sim YE, Chan YH, Poopalalingam R, Abdullah HR. Development of the Combined Assessment of Risk Encountered in Surgery (CARES) surgical risk calculator for prediction of postsurgical mortality and need for intensive care unit admission risk: a single-center retrospective study. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e019427. [PMID: 29574442 PMCID: PMC5875658 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Accurate surgical risk prediction is paramount in clinical shared decision making. Existing risk calculators have limited value in local practice due to lack of validation, complexities and inclusion of non-routine variables. OBJECTIVE We aim to develop a simple, locally derived and validated surgical risk calculator predicting 30-day postsurgical mortality and need for intensive care unit (ICU) stay (>24 hours) based on routinely collected preoperative variables. We postulate that accuracy of a clinical history-based scoring tool could be improved by including readily available investigations, such as haemoglobin level and red cell distribution width. METHODOLOGY Electronic medical records of 90 785 patients, who underwent non-cardiac and non-neuro surgery between 1 January 2012 and 31 October 2016 in Singapore General Hospital, were retrospectively analysed. Patient demographics, comorbidities, laboratory results, surgical priority and surgical risk were collected. Outcome measures were death within 30 days after surgery and ICU admission. After excluding patients with missing data, the final data set consisted of 79 914 cases, which was divided randomly into derivation (70%) and validation cohort (30%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to construct a single model predicting both outcomes using Odds Ratio (OR) of the risk variables. The ORs were then assigned ranks, which were subsequently used to construct the calculator. RESULTS Observed mortality was 0.6%. The Combined Assessment of Risk Encountered in Surgery (CARES) surgical risk calculator, consisting of nine variables, was constructed. The area under the receiver operating curve (AUROC) in the derivation and validation cohorts for mortality were 0.934 (0.917-0.950) and 0.934 (0.912-0.956), respectively, while the AUROC for ICU admission was 0.863 (0.848-0.878) and 0.837 (0.808-0.868), respectively. CARES also performed better than the American Society of Anaesthesiologists-Physical Status classification in terms of AUROC comparison. CONCLUSION The development of the CARES surgical risk calculator allows for a simplified yet accurate prediction of both postoperative mortality and need for ICU admission after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yilin Eileen Sim
- Division of Anaesthesiology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Yiong Huak Chan
- Biostatistics Unit, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Hairil Rizal Abdullah
- Division of Anaesthesiology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
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Tian Y, Jian Z, Xu B, Liu H. Age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index score as predictor of survival of patients with digestive system cancer who have undergone surgical resection. Oncotarget 2017; 8:79453-79461. [PMID: 29108324 PMCID: PMC5668057 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Comorbidities have considerable effects on survival outcomes. The primary objective of this retrospective study was to examine the association between age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index (ACCI) score and postoperative in-hospital mortality in patients with digestive system cancer who have undergone surgical resection of their cancers. Using electronic hospitalization summary reports, we identified 315,464 patients who had undergone surgery for digestive system cancer in top-rank (Grade 3A) hospitals in China between 2013 and 2015. The Cox proportional hazard regression model was applied to evaluate the effect of ACCI score on postoperative mortality, with adjustments for sex, type of resection, anesthesia methods, and caseload of each healthcare institution. The postoperative in-hospital mortality rate in the study cohort was 1.2% (3,631/315,464). ACCI score had a positive graded association with the risk of postoperative in-hospital mortality for all cancer subtypes. The adjusted HRs for postoperative in-hospital mortality scores ≥ 6 for esophagus, stomach, colorectum, pancreas, and liver and gallbladder cancer were 2.05 (95% CI: 1.45–2.92), 2.00 (95% CI: 1.60–2.49), 2.54 (95% CI: 2.02–3.21), 2.58 (95% CI: 1.68–3.97), and 4.57 (95% CI: 3.37–6.20), respectively, compared to scores of 0–1. These findings suggested that a high ACCI score is an independent predictor of postoperative in-hospital mortality in Chinese patients with digestive system cancer who have undergone surgical resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaohua Tian
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, 100083 Beijing, China
| | - Zhong Jian
- Hospital Administration Department, Peking University, 100083 Beijing, China
| | - Beibei Xu
- Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, 100083 Beijing, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, 100083 Beijing, China.,National Healthcare Data Center, Affiliated to National Center for Medical Service Administration, 100083 Beijing, China
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Ruzzenente A, Conci S, Ciangherotti A, Campagnaro T, Valdegamberi A, Bertuzzo F, Bagante F, Mantovani G, De Angelis M, Dorna AE, Piccino M, Pedrazzani C, Guglielmi A, Iacono C. Impact of age on short-term outcomes of liver surgery: Lessons learned in 10-years' experience in a tertiary referral hepato-pancreato-biliary center. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e6955. [PMID: 28514317 PMCID: PMC5440154 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000006955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigate the surgical outcomes of patients undergoing hepatectomy according to different age intervals, identify the clinical factors related to surgical outcomes, and propose clinical risk scores for severe morbidity and mortality based on the clinical factors.Eight hundred three patients undergoing liver resection were divided into 3 groups: young patients (YP), <65 years (n = 387), elderly patients (EP), from 65 to 74 years (n = 279); very-elderly patients (VEP), ≥75 years (n = 137).Severe morbidity was 10.6%, 12.2%, and 17.5% (P = .103), and mortality was 0.3%, 1.4%, and 4.4% (P = .002) in group YP, EP, and VEP, respectively. Ischemic heart disease, cirrhosis, major hepatectomy, biliary tract-associated procedure, and red blood cells (RBC) transfusion ≥3 U were related with severe morbidity. Ischemic heart disease, cirrhosis, major hepatectomy, and RBC transfusion were independent risk factors for postoperative mortality. Age did not result an independent factor related to mortality and severe morbidity. Two different scores were developed and have proved to be statistically related with severe morbidity and mortality. Moreover, in patients with score ≥2, severe morbidity increased from 24.2% in YP, to 29.3% in EP, and to 40.0% in VEP, P = .047. Likewise, mortality increased from 2.3% in YP, to 7.0% in EP, and to 22.7% in VEP, in patients with score ≥2, P = .017.Age alone should not be considered a contraindication for hepatectomy. We identified factors and proposed 2 scores that can be useful to stratify the risk of morbidity and mortality after hepatectomy. Moreover, severe morbidity and mortality increases according to the different age intervals in patients with scores ≥2.
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Bilehjani E, Fakhari S, Farzin H, Yaghoubi A, Mirinazhad M, Shadvar K, Dehghani A, Aboalaiy P. The correlation between preoperative erythrocyte sedimentation rate and postoperative outcome in adult cardiac surgery. Int J Gen Med 2017; 10:15-21. [PMID: 28144157 PMCID: PMC5245977 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s121904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Over the past decades, it has been recommended that preoperative assessment mainly relies on history and physical examination rather than unnecessary laboratory tests. In Iranian hospitals, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) has been routinely measured in most of the patients awaiting major surgery, which has in turn exacted heavy costs on the health system. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess the preoperative routine measurement of ESR in such patients. Materials and methods This is a retrospective study, in which we evaluated the medical files of 620 patients. Patients older than 18 years, who had undergone elective heart surgery in our hospital in 2014, were included in the study. The data associated with demography, heart disease diagnosis, type of surgery, significant preoperative tests, delay or postponing of surgery and the reason for it, type and characteristics of the subspecialty consultation, and finally, postoperative complication and mortality rate were collected and analyzed. The patients were categorized into four groups according to ESR value: normal (<15 mm/h in females or <20 mm/h in males), moderately increased (<40 mm/h), severely increased (≥40 mm/h), and not measured. Results Of the 620 patients’ files, 402 were of males and 218 were of females. Demographic values and preoperative characteristics were similar in the four groups. A total of 105 consultations were given to 79 patients preoperatively, where only in five cases, the elevation in ESR was the main reason for consultation. In no other cases did the consultations result in new diagnoses. Overall, postoperative complication and mortality rate were the same in all four groups; in severely increased ESR group, on the other hand, the need for long periods of intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital stays was higher than that of other groups. Conclusion It is concluded that elevated preoperative ESR does not cancel or defer the surgery, nor does it help diagnose a new, previously undiagnosed disease. Furthermore, it does not generally affect postoperative morbidity or mortality rate unless increased to ≥40 mm/h, where it can increase postoperative ICU and hospital stay. Ultimately, routine preoperative ESR measurement in patients is not conducive to elective heart surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eissa Bilehjani
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz
| | - Solmaz Fakhari
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz
| | - Haleh Farzin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz
| | - Alireza Yaghoubi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Moussa Mirinazhad
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz
| | - Kamran Shadvar
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz
| | - Abbasali Dehghani
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz
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Sirany AME, Chow CJ, Kunitake H, Madoff RD, Rothenberger DA, Kwaan MR. Colorectal Surgery Outcomes in Chronic Dialysis Patients: An American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Study. Dis Colon Rectum 2016; 59:662-9. [PMID: 27270519 PMCID: PMC10567083 DOI: 10.1097/dcr.0000000000000609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND More than 450,000 US patients with end-stage renal disease currently dialyze. The risk of morbidity and mortality for these patients after colorectal surgery has been incompletely described. OBJECTIVE We analyzed the 30-day morbidity and mortality rates of chronic dialysis patients who underwent colorectal surgery. DESIGN This was a retrospective analysis. SETTINGS Hospitals that participate in the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program were included. PATIENTS The study included adult patients who underwent emergency or elective colon or rectal resection between 2009 and 2014. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Baseline characteristics were compared by dialysis status. The impact of chronic dialysis on 30-day mortality and serious postoperative morbidity was examined using multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS We identified 128,757 patients who underwent colorectal surgery in the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database. Chronic dialysis patients accounted for 1% (n = 1285) and were more likely to be older (65.4 vs 63.2 years; p < 0.0001), black (27.2% vs 8.7%; p < 0.0001), preoperatively septic (22.1% vs 7.1%; p < 0.0001), require emergency surgery (52.0% vs 14.7%; p < 0.0001), have ischemic bowel (15.7% vs 1.6%; p < 0.0001), or have perforation/peritonitis (15.5% vs 4.2%; p < 0.0001). Chronic dialysis patients were also less likely to have a laparoscopic procedure (17.3% vs 45.0%; p < 0.0001). Chronic dialysis patients had higher unadjusted mortality (22.4% vs 3.3%; p < 0.0001), serious postoperative morbidity (47.9% vs 18.8%; p < 0.0001), and median length of stay (9 vs 6 days; p < 0.0001). In emergent cases (n = 19,375), multivariate logistic regression models demonstrated a higher risk of mortality for dialysis patients (OR = 1.73 (95% CI, 1.38-2.16)) but not for serious morbidity. Models for elective surgery demonstrated a similar effect on mortality (OR = 2.47 (95% CI, 1.75-3.50)) but also demonstrated a higher risk of serious morbidity (OR = 1.28 (95% CI, 1.04-1.56)). LIMITATIONS The postoperative 30-day window may underestimate the true incidence of serious morbidity and mortality. CONCLUSIONS Chronic dialysis patients undergoing elective or emergent colorectal procedures have a higher risk-adjusted mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Marie E Sirany
- 1 Department of Surgery, Hennepin County Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota 2 Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 3 Department of Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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Chou WC, Chang PH, Lu CH, Liu KH, Hung YS, Hung CY, Liu CT, Yeh KY, Lin YC, Yeh TS. Effect of Comorbidity on Postoperative Survival Outcomes in Patients with Solid Cancers: A 6-Year Multicenter Study in Taiwan. J Cancer 2016; 7:854-61. [PMID: 27162545 PMCID: PMC4860803 DOI: 10.7150/jca.14777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Patients with comorbidities are more likely to experience treatment-related toxicities and death. Our aim was to examine the effect of comorbidity on postoperative survival outcomes in patients with solid cancers. Methods: In total, 37,288 patients who underwent potentially curative operations for solid cancers at four affiliated hospitals of the Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, between 2007 and 2012, were stratified according to the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) for postoperative survival analysis. Multivariate Cox regression was used to adjust hazard ratios of survival outcomes among different CCI subgroups. Results: A significantly greater proportion of patients with comorbidities presented with poorer clinicopathological characteristics compared to those without. After cancer surgery, 26% of patients died after a median follow-up duration of 38.9 months. Overall mortality rates of patients with CCI scores of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5-8 were 22.9%, 29.5%, 38.2%, 43.2%, 50.2%, and 56.4%, respectively. After adjusting for other clinicopathological factors, patients with increasing CCI scores were associated with significantly reduced overall and noncancer-specific survival rates, while only patients with CCI scores of >2 were associated with higher cancer-specific mortality rates. Conclusions: Patients with increasing numbers of comorbidities were associated with reduced postoperative survival outcomes. Patients with multiple comorbidities were most vulnerable to both cancer- and noncancer-specific deaths in the first 6 months after cancer surgery. Our results suggest that for both the patient and clinician, it should be taken into consideration about cancer surgery when dealing with multiple comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chi Chou
- 1. Department of Medical Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan;; 2. Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Hung Chang
- 3. Department of Medical Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Hsien Lu
- 4. Department of Medical Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Keng-Hao Liu
- 5. Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shin Hung
- 1. Department of Medical Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yen Hung
- 1. Department of Medical Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ting Liu
- 6. Department of Medical Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Yun Yeh
- 3. Department of Medical Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Chang Lin
- 1. Department of Medical Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Sen Yeh
- 5. Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
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Samuelsson KS, Egenvall M, Klarin I, Lökk J, Gunnarsson U. Inappropriate drug use in elderly patients is associated with prolonged hospital stay and increased postoperative mortality after colorectal cancer surgery: a population-based study. Colorectal Dis 2016; 18:155-62. [PMID: 26242564 DOI: 10.1111/codi.13077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM The study aimed to investigate whether continuing potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) is associated with length of hospital stay (LOS) and postoperative mortality in elderly people undergoing colorectal cancer surgery. METHOD The Swedish National Colorectal Cancer Register and the Swedish Prescribed Drug Register provided matched data on 7279 patients aged 75 years or more who had undergone bowel resection for colorectal cancer between 2007 and 2010. Patients were divided into two groups depending on whether or not they were taking PIM at the time of surgery. The primary efficacy variables were the LOS and 30-day postoperative mortality. RESULTS Of the 7279 patients, 22.5% (1641) of the patients were exposed to at least one PIM and the total number of drugs taken in this group was six, compared with three in the non-PIM group (P < 0.001). Postoperative mortality was higher in the PIM group (7.1% vs 4.5%, P < 0.001), and LOS was longer (10 days vs 9, P = 0.001). When adjusted for independent predictors, the differences in LOS (odds ratio 1.14; 95% confidence interval 1.00-1.29, P = 0.046) and postoperative mortality (odds ratio 1.43; 95% confidence interval 1.11-1.85, P = 0.006) remained significant. CONCLUSION The use of PIM prior to surgery is associated with increased postoperative mortality and prolonged hospital stay. Although no causal relationship is proved, the results add a further aspect to preoperative optimization of elderly patients about to have major colorectal surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Samuelsson
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, CLINTEC, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Geriatrics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Egenvall
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, CLINTEC, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Digestive Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - I Klarin
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Geriatrics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J Lökk
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Geriatrics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - U Gunnarsson
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, CLINTEC, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Digestive Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Surgery and Perioperative Sciences, Umeå University, Stockholm, Sweden
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Chou WC, Liu KH, Lu CH, Hung YS, Chen MF, Cheng YF, Wang CH, Lin YC, Yeh TS. To Operate or Not: Prediction of 3-Month Postoperative Mortality in Geriatric Cancer Patients. J Cancer 2016; 7:14-21. [PMID: 26722355 PMCID: PMC4679376 DOI: 10.7150/jca.13126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Context: Appropriate selection of aging patient who fit for cancer surgery is an art-of-state. Objectives: This study aimed to identify predictive factors pertinent to 3-month postoperative mortality in geriatric cancer patients. Methods: A total of 8,425 patients over 70 years old with solid cancer received radical surgery between 2007 and 2012 at four affiliated hospitals of the Chang Gung Memorial Hospital were included. The clinical variables of patients who died within 3 months post-surgery were analyzed retrospectively. Recursive partitioning analysis (RPA) was performed by randomly selecting 50% of the patients (testing set) to identify specific groups of patients with the lowest and highest probability of 3-month postoperative mortality. The remaining 50% were used as validation set of the model. Results: Patients' gender, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance (ECOG scale), Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), American Society of Anesthesiologist physical status, age, tumor staging, and mode of admission were independent variables that predicted 3-month postoperative mortality. The RPA model identified patients with an ECOG scale of 0-2, localized tumor stage, and a CCI of 0-2 as having the lowest probability of 3-month postoperative mortality (1.1% and 1.3% in the testing set and validation set, respectively). Conversely, an ECOG scale of 3-4 and a CCI >2 were associated with the highest probability of 3-month postoperative mortality (55.2% and 47.8% in the testing set and validation set, respectively). Conclusion: We identified ECOG scale and CCI score were the two most influencing factors that determined 3-month postoperative mortality in geriatric cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chi Chou
- 1. Department of Medical Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, LinKou ; 3. Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University
| | - Keng-Hao Liu
- 2. Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, LinKou
| | - Chang-Hsien Lu
- 4. Department of Medical Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi
| | - Yu-Shin Hung
- 1. Department of Medical Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, LinKou
| | - Miao-Fen Chen
- 5. Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi
| | - Yu-Fan Cheng
- 6. Department of Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaoshiung
| | - Cheng-Hsu Wang
- 7. Department of Medical Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Chang Lin
- 1. Department of Medical Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, LinKou
| | - Ta-Sen Yeh
- 2. Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, LinKou ; 3. Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University
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Oliver CM, Walker E, Giannaris S, Grocott MPW, Moonesinghe SR. Risk assessment tools validated for patients undergoing emergency laparotomy: a systematic review. Br J Anaesth 2015; 115:849-60. [PMID: 26537629 DOI: 10.1093/bja/aev350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Emergency laparotomies are performed commonly throughout the world, but one in six patients die within a month of surgery. Current international initiatives to reduce the considerable associated morbidity and mortality are founded upon delivering individualised perioperative care. However, while the identification of high-risk patients requires the routine assessment of individual risk, no method of doing so has been demonstrated to be practical and reliable across the commonly encountered spectrum of presentations, co-morbidities and operative procedures. A systematic review of Embase and Medline identified 20 validation studies assessing 25 risk assessment tools in patients undergoing emergency laparotomy. The most frequently studied general tools were APACHE II, ASA-PS and P-POSSUM. Comparative, quantitative analysis of tool performance was not feasible due to the heterogeneity of study design, poor reporting and infrequent within-study statistical comparison of tool performance. Reporting of calibration was notably absent in many prognostic tool validation studies. APACHE II demonstrated the most consistent discrimination of individual outcome across a variety of patient groups undergoing emergency laparotomy when used either preoperatively or postoperatively (area under the curve 0.76-0.98). While APACHE systems were designed for use in critical care, the ability of APACHE II to generate individual risk estimates from objective, exclusively preoperative data items may lead to better-informed shared decisions, triage and perioperative management of patients undergoing emergency laparotomy. Future endeavours should include the recalibration of APACHE II and P-POSSUM in contemporary cohorts, modifications to enable prediction of morbidity and assessment of the impact of adoption of these tools on clinical practice and patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Oliver
- UCL/UCLH Surgical Outcome Research Centre (SOuRCe), 3rd Floor, Maples Link Corridor, University College Hospital, 235 Euston Road, London NW1 2BU, UK National Institute of Academic Anaesthesia Health Services Research Centre, Royal College of Anaesthetists, London, UK Centre for Anaesthesia, University College London, London, UK
| | - E Walker
- UCL/UCLH Surgical Outcome Research Centre (SOuRCe), 3rd Floor, Maples Link Corridor, University College Hospital, 235 Euston Road, London NW1 2BU, UK National Institute of Academic Anaesthesia Health Services Research Centre, Royal College of Anaesthetists, London, UK Centre for Anaesthesia, University College London, London, UK
| | - S Giannaris
- Centre for Anaesthesia, University College London, London, UK
| | - M P W Grocott
- National Institute of Academic Anaesthesia Health Services Research Centre, Royal College of Anaesthetists, London, UK University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK Integrative Physiology and Critical Illness Group, Clinical and Experimental Sciences Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust/University of Southampton, NIHR Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Southampton, UK
| | - S R Moonesinghe
- UCL/UCLH Surgical Outcome Research Centre (SOuRCe), 3rd Floor, Maples Link Corridor, University College Hospital, 235 Euston Road, London NW1 2BU, UK National Institute of Academic Anaesthesia Health Services Research Centre, Royal College of Anaesthetists, London, UK Centre for Anaesthesia, University College London, London, UK
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Zhou C, Gong J, Chen D, Wang W, Liu M, Liu B. Levosimendan for Prevention of Acute Kidney Injury After Cardiac Surgery: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Am J Kidney Dis 2015; 67:408-16. [PMID: 26518388 DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2015.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Levosimendan has been shown to confer direct renoprotection in renal endotoxemic and ischemia-reperfusion injury and could increase renal blood flow in patients with low-cardiac-output heart failure. Results from clinical trials of levosimendan on acute kidney injury (AKI) following cardiac surgery are controversial. STUDY DESIGN A random-effect meta-analysis was conducted based on evidence from PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library. SETTINGS & POPULATION Adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery. SELECTION CRITERIA FOR STUDIES Randomized controlled trials comparing the renal effect of levosimendan versus placebo or other inotropic drugs during cardiac surgery. INTERVENTION Perioperative levosimendan continuous infusion at a rate of 0.1 to 0.2μg/kg/min following a loading dose (6-24μg/kg) for 24 hours or only 1 loading dose (24μg/kg) within 1 hour. OUTCOMES AKI, need for renal replacement therapy, mechanical ventilation duration, intensive care unit stay during hospitalization, and postoperative mortality (in-hospital or within 30 days). RESULTS 13 trials with a total of 1,345 study patients were selected. Compared with controls, levosimendan reduced the incidence of postoperative AKI (40/460 vs 78/499; OR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.34-0.76; P=0.001; I(2)=0.0%), renal replacement therapy (22/492 vs 49/491; OR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.25-0.76; P=0.002; I(2)=0.0%), postoperative mortality (35/658 vs 94/657; OR, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.27-0.62; P<0.001; I(2)=0.0%), mechanical ventilation duration (in days; n=235; weighted mean difference, -0.34; 95% CI, -0.58 to -0.09; P=0.007], and intensive care unit stay (in days; n=500; weighted mean difference, -2.2; 95% CI, -4.21 to -0.13; P=0.04). LIMITATIONS Different definitions for AKI among studies. Small sample size for some trials. CONCLUSIONS Perioperative administration of levosimendan in patients undergoing cardiac surgery may reduce complications. Future trials are needed to determine the dose effect of levosimendan in improving outcomes, especially in patients with decreased baseline kidney function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenghui Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Junsong Gong
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Weipeng Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Mingzheng Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Anesthesia & Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Hu Y, McMurry TL, Stukenborg GJ, Kozower BD. Readmission predicts 90-day mortality after esophagectomy: Analysis of Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Registry linked to Medicare outcomes. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2015;150:1254-1260. [PMID: 26412319 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2015.08.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Revised: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Postoperative readmission is an increasingly scrutinized quality metric that affects patient satisfaction and cost. Even more important is its implication for short-term prognosis. The purpose of this study is to characterize postesophagectomy readmissions and determine their relationship with subsequent 90-day mortality. METHODS Data were extracted for esophagectomy patients from the linked SEER-Medicare Registry (2000-2009), which provides longitudinal information about Medicare beneficiaries who have cancer. We assessed demographics, comorbidities, 30-day readmission, and 90-day mortality. Readmitting facility and diagnoses were identified. A hierarchic multivariable regression model clustered at the hospital level assessed the relationship between readmission within 30 days of discharge and 90-day mortality. RESULTS We identified 1543 patients discharged alive after esophagectomy. Among patients discharged alive, the readmission rate was 319 of 1543 (20.7%); 107 of 319 (33.5%) readmissions were to facilities that did not perform the index operation. Mortality rate at 90 days among patients discharged alive was 98 of 1543 (6.4%). Readmission was associated with a 4-fold increase in mortality (16.3% vs 3.8%, P < .001). Using multivariable regression, readmission was the strongest predictor of mortality (odds ratio 6.64, P < .001), with a stronger association than age, Charlson score, and index length of stay. Readmission diagnoses with the highest mortality rates were those associated with pulmonary, gastrointestinal, and cardiovascular diagnoses. CONCLUSIONS Patients readmitted within 30 days of discharge after esophagectomy are at exceptionally high risk for early mortality. Early recognition of life-threatening readmission diagnoses is essential to providing optimal care.
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Chung PJ, Carter TI, Burack JH, Tam S, Alfonso A, Sugiyama G. Predicting the risk of death following coronary artery bypass graft made simple: a retrospective study using the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database. J Cardiothorac Surg 2015; 10:62. [PMID: 25925403 PMCID: PMC4424966 DOI: 10.1186/s13019-015-0269-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Risk models to predict 30-day mortality following isolated coronary artery bypass graft is an active area of research. Simple risk predictors are particularly important for cardiothoracic surgeons who are coming under increased scrutiny since these physicians typically care for higher risk patients and thus expect worse outcomes. The objective of this study was to develop a 30-day postoperative mortality risk model for patients undergoing CABG using the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database. MATERIAL AND METHODS Data was extracted and analyzed from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Participant Use Files (2005-2010). Patients that had ischemic heart disease (ICD9 410-414) undergoing one to four vessel CABG (CPT 33533-33536) were selected. To select for acquired heart disease, only patients age 40 and older were included. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to create a risk model. The C-statistic and the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test were used to evaluate the model. Bootstrap-validated C-statistic was calculated. RESULTS A total of 2254 cases met selection criteria. Forty-nine patients (2.2%) died within 30 days. Six independent risk factors predictive of short-term mortality were identified including age, preoperative sodium, preoperative blood urea nitrogen, previous percutaneous coronary intervention, dyspnea at rest, and history of prior myocardial infarction. The C-statistic for this model was 0.773 while the bootstrap-validated C-statistic was 0.750. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test had a p-value of 0.675, suggesting the model does not overfit the data. CONCLUSIONS The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program risk model has good discrimination for 30-day mortality following coronary artery bypass graft surgery. The model employs six independent variables, making it easy to use in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Chung
- Department of Surgery, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, 450 Clarkson Ave, Brooklyn, NY, 11203, USA.
| | - Timothy I Carter
- Department of Surgery, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, 450 Clarkson Ave, Brooklyn, NY, 11203, USA.
| | - Joshua H Burack
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, 11203, USA.
| | - Sophia Tam
- College of Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, 11203, USA.
| | - Antonio Alfonso
- Department of Surgery, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, 450 Clarkson Ave, Brooklyn, NY, 11203, USA.
| | - Gainosuke Sugiyama
- Department of Surgery, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, 450 Clarkson Ave, Brooklyn, NY, 11203, USA.
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Shounak M, Vimal R, Colin S, David I S. A retrospective analysis of the impact of diastolic dysfunction on one-year mortality after transjugular intrahepatic porto-systemic shunt, liver transplantation and non-transplant abdominal surgery in patients with cirrhosis. Ann Gastroenterol 2015; 28:385-390. [PMID: 26129720 PMCID: PMC4480177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of diastolic dysfunction (DD) approaches 40% in patients with cirrhosis. However, the clinical impact of DD remains a subject of considerable debate. Surgery in patients with cirrhosis is innately hazardous. Diastolic heart failure has been linked to increased mortality after transjugular intrahepatic porto-systemic shunt surgery (TIPSS). To date, none of the commonly accepted preoperative risk assessment models applied to patients with liver disease incorporates DD. We aimed to examine the relationship between DD and postoperative outcomes in patients with cirrhosis undergoing abdominal surgery. METHODS Patients with cirrhosis who underwent abdominal surgery between January 2000 and December 2011 were included if they had preoperative echocardiography done within 3 months of surgery. The echocardiographic images were reviewed using flow and tissue Doppler techniques to identify the presence of DD. Outcomes analyzed included one-year mortality and postoperative complications. RESULTS A total of 140 patients were included in the study of which 63 patients (45%) met pre-established criteria for DD. Those with DD were older (P < 0.005) and less likely to have an isolated viral etiology of cirrhosis (P<0.05). The one-year mortality rate was 22.2% (14/63) in patients with DD and 20.8% (16/77) in those without DD (P=0.42). Postoperative complications were not statistically different in the two groups. CONCLUSION DD is common in patients with cirrhosis. In patients with cirrhosis undergoing TIPS and/or abdominal surgery, the presence of DD does not increase post-procedure complications or one-year mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majumder Shounak
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington (Majumder Shounak), CT, USA,
Correspondence to: Shounak Majumder, MD, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington CT 06030, USA, Tel.: +1 860 972 4219, Fax: +1 860 972 9972, e-mail:
| | - Rabdiya Vimal
- Division of Cardiology, Hartford Hospital, Hartford (Rabdiya Vimal, Silverman David), CT, USA
| | - Swales Colin
- Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Transplant, Hartford Hospital, Hartford (Swales Colin), CT, USA
| | - Silverman David I
- Division of Cardiology, Hartford Hospital, Hartford (Rabdiya Vimal, Silverman David), CT, USA
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Steinberg EL, Sternheim A, Kadar A, Sagi Y, Sherer Y, Chechik O. Early operative intervention is associated with better patient survival in patients with intracapsular femur fractures but not extracapsular fractures. J Arthroplasty 2014; 29:1072-5. [PMID: 24290967 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2013.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Revised: 09/25/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine patients' survival after undergoing an early or delayed operation. We retrospectively assessed 1849 files of patients operated for proximal femoral fracture, divided into two diagnostic groups: intracapsular (n = 640) and extracapsular (n = 1209). 1163 (63%) were treated within 48 h from hospital admission and 686 (37%) were treated >48 h afterwards. Delayed operation in patients with intracapsular fractures was associated with a 1.8-fold excess risk for 1-year mortality (HR = 1.83, P = 0.008), while no effect was observed for patients with extracapsular fractures. Males had a higher HR for mortality in both diagnostic groups. Early surgical intervention is beneficial for intra-capsular femoral fractures; male gender and a high ASA score are associated with an increased mortality hazard risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ely L Steinberg
- Orthopaedic Division, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Amir Sternheim
- Orthopaedic Division, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Assaf Kadar
- Orthopaedic Division, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yael Sagi
- Orthopaedic Division, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yaniv Sherer
- Orthopaedic Division, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ofir Chechik
- Orthopaedic Division, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Kunishige H, Ishibashi Y, Kawasaki M, Morimoto K, Inoue N. Risk factors affecting survival after surgical repair of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm. Ann Vasc Dis 2013; 6:631-6. [PMID: 24130620 DOI: 10.3400/avd.cr.13-00035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2013] [Accepted: 07/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to identify the risk factors affecting the high mortality rates associated with the treatment of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). METHODS In this retrospective study, the subjects consisted of 105 patients who underwent repair of ruptured AAA at our institution from December 1984 to March 2012. We compared the patients of ruptured AAA in survival group with those in death group to evaluate the clinical factors in ruptured AAA mortality. RESULTS The operative and in-hospital mortality of ruptured AAA patients was 22.9% compared with 1.9% for that of non-ruptured AAA patients. The mean hemoglobin level was significantly lower in death group than in survival group. Intraoperative bleeding volume was significantly higher in death group than in survival group. Cox proportional hazard analysis showed that level 3 or 4 according to the Rutherford classification, preoperative hemoglobin level of less than 9.0 g/dl, intraoperative blood loss volume of more than 3000 ml, postoperative bowel ischemia and class 3 or 4 according to the Fitzgerald classification were significantly associated with high mortality. CONCLUSION These findings showed that every effort to maintain preoperative hemodynamic stability reduce volumes of blood loss in operation, and to minimize postoperative deterioration of organ functions would be essential to improve patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideyuki Kunishige
- The Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, National Hospital Organization Hokkaido Medical Center, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
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Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Secondary analysis of the prospectively collected Veterans Affairs National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database. OBJECTIVE Determine rates of major medical complications, wound complications, and mortality among patients undergoing surgery for lumbar stenosis and examine risk factors for these complications. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Surgery for spinal stenosis is concentrated among older adults, in whom complications are more frequent than among middle-aged patients. Many studies have focused on infections or device complications, but fewer studies have focused on major cardiopulmonary complications, using prospectively collected data. METHODS We identified patients who underwent surgery for a primary diagnosis of lumbar stenosis between 1998 and 2009 from the Veterans Affairs National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database. We created a composite of major medical complications, including acute myocardial infarction, stroke, pulmonary embolism, pneumonia, systemic sepsis, coma, and cardiac arrest. RESULTS Among 12,154 eligible patients, major medical complications occurred in 2.1%, wound complications in 3.2%, and 90-day mortality in 0.6%. Major medical complications, but not wound complications, were strongly associated with age. American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class was a strong predictor of complications. Insulin use, long-term corticosteroid use, and preoperative functional status were also significant predictors. Fusion procedures were associated with higher complication rates than with decompression alone. In logistic regressions, ASA class and age were the strongest predictors of major medical complications (odds ratio for ASA class 4 vs. class 1 or 2: 2.97; 95% confidence interval, 1.68-5.25; P = 0.0002). After adjustment for comorbidity, age, and functional status, fusion procedures remained associated with higher medical complication rates than were decompressions alone (odds ratio = 2.85; 95% confidence interval, 2.14-3.78; P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION ASA class, age, type of surgery, insulin or corticosteroid use, and functional status were independent risk factors for major medical complications. These factors may help in selecting patients and planning procedures, improving patient safety.
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Dassen AE, Dikken JL, van de Velde CJH, Wouters MWJM, Bosscha K, Lemmens VEPP. Changes in treatment patterns and their influence on long-term survival in patients with stages I-III gastric cancer in The Netherlands. Int J Cancer 2013; 133:1859-66. [PMID: 23564267 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.28192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2012] [Accepted: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Studies investigating perioperative chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy changed the treatment of curable gastric cancer in The Netherlands. These changes were evaluated including their influence on survival. Data on patients diagnosed with gastric cancer from 1989 to 2009 were obtained from The Netherlands Cancer Registry. Changes over time in surgery and administration of perioperative chemotherapy, 30-day mortality, 5-year survival and adjusted relative excess risk (RER) of dying were analyzed with multivariable regression for cardia and noncardia cancer. In stages I and II disease, most patients underwent surgery. Since 2005, more patients are treated with (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy. Postoperative mortality ranged from 1% to 7% and 0.4% to 12.2% in cardia and noncardia cancer (<55 to 75+ years). Five-year survival for cardia cancer and noncardia cancer stages I-III and X (unknown stage) was 33% and 50% (2005-2008). The RER of dying was associated with period of diagnosis, age, gender, region, stage, (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy in case of cardia cancer and type of gastric resection in case of noncardia cancer. Administration of (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy has increased. No improvement in long-term survival could yet be seen, though it is still too early to expect an improvement in survival as a result of the use of chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A E Dassen
- Department of Surgery, Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands.
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Abstract
PURPOSE Despite significant improvements in surgery, anesthesia, and postoperative critical care, the postoperative mortality rate of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (RAAA) has remained at 40% to 50% for several decades. Therefore, we evaluated factors associated with the postoperative mortality of RAAA. MATERIALS AND METHODS From January 1999 to December 2008, a retrospective study was performed with 34 patients who underwent open repair of RAAA. The preoperative factors included age, sex, smoking, comorbidities, serum creatinine, hemoglobin, shock, pulse rate, and time from emergency room to operation room. The intraoperative factors included blood loss, transfusion, aortic clamping site and time, aneurysmal characteristics, rupture type, graft type, hourly urine output (HUO), and operative time. The postoperative factors included inotropic support, renal replacement therapy (RRT), reoperation, bowel ischemia, multiple organ failure (MOF), and intensive care unit stay. The 2-day and the 30-day mortality rates were analyzed separately. RESULTS The 2-day and the 30-day mortality rates were 14.7% and 41.2%, respectively. On univariate analysis, shock, transfusion, HUO, inotropic support and MOF for the 2-day mortality and serum creatinine, transfusion, aortic clamping site, HUO, inotropic support, RRT and MOF for the 30-day mortality were statistically significant. On multivariate analysis, shock, inotropic support and MOF for the 2-day mortality and aortic clamping site, RRT and MOF for the 30-day mortality were statistically significant. CONCLUSION To decrease the postoperative mortality rate of RAAA, prevention of massive hemorrhage and acute renal failure with infrarenal aortic clamping, as well as prompt operative control of bleeding and maintenance of systemic perfusion are important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Dong Kim
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong Kye Hwang
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun Cheol Park
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Il Kim
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - In Sung Moon
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jang Sang Park
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Seob Yun
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The guidelines for resection of gallbladder cancer include a regional lymphadenectomy; yet it is uncommonly performed in practice and inadequately described in the literature. The present study describes the technique of a regional lymphadenectomy for gallbladder cancer, as practiced by the author. METHODS/TECHNIQUE After confirming resectability, the duodenum is kocherized. The dissection starts from the posterior aspects of the duodenum and head of the pancreas and extends superiorly to the retroportal area. This is followed by dissection of the common hepatic artery and its branches, the bile duct and the anterior aspect of the portal vein until the hepatic hilum. Resection of the gallbladder with an appropriate liver resection completes the surgery. RESULTS This technique was used for a regional lymphadenectomy in 27 patients, of which 14 underwent radical cholecystectomy upfront, and 13 had revisional surgery for incidentally detected gallbladder cancer. The median number of lymph nodes dissected on histopathology was 8 (range 3 to 18). Eleven patients had metastatic lymph nodes on histopathological examination. There was no post-operative mortality. Two patients had a bile leak which resolved with conservative management. CONCLUSION A systematic approach towards a regional lymphadenectomy ensures a consistent nodal harvest in patients undergoing radical resection for gallbladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durgatosh Pandey
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.
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Abstract
Purpose: This study determined the incidence of and identified risk factors for 48 hour (h) and 30 day (d) postoperative mortality after inpatient operations. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using Anesthesiology’s Quality Indicator database as the main data source. The database was queried for data related to the surgical procedure, anesthetic care, perioperative adverse events, and birth/death/operation dates. The 48 h and 30 d cumulative incidence of postoperative mortality was calculated and data were analyzed using Chi-square or Fisher’s exact test and generalized estimating equations. Results: The 48 h and 30 d incidence of postoperative mortality was 0.57% and 2.1%, respectively. Higher American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status scores, extremes of age, emergencies, perioperative adverse events and postoperative Intensive Care Unit admission were identified as risk factors. The use of monitored anesthesia care or general anesthesia versus regional or combined anesthesia was a risk factor for 30 d postoperative mortality only. Time under anesthesia care, perioperative hypothermia, trauma, deliberate hypotension and invasive monitoring via arterial, pulmonary artery or cardiovascular catheters were not identified as risk factors. Conclusions: Our findings can be used to track postoperative mortality rates and to test preventative interventions at our institution and elsewhere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karamarie Fecho
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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Abstract
Cardiopulmonary exercise testing is a non-invasive, objective method of assessing integrated response of heart, lungs and musculoskeletal system to incremental exercise. Though it has been in use for a few decades, the recent rise in its use as a preoperative test modality is reviewed. A brief account of cardiopulmonary exercise test, as it is carried out in practice and its applications, is given. The physiological basis is explained and relationship of pathophysiology of poor exercise capacity with various test variables is discussed. Its use for prediction of postoperative morbidity in various noncardiopulmonary surgical procedures is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milind Bhagwat
- Department of Anaesthetics, Frimley Park Hospital, Frimley, Surrey GU16 7UJ, United Kingdom
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