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Whittaker AG, Graham EM, Baxter RL, Jones AC, Richardson PR, Meek G, Campbell GA, Aitken A, Baxter HC. Plasma cleaning of dental instruments. J Hosp Infect 2004; 56:37-41. [PMID: 14706269 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2003.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The theoretical risk of prion transmission via surgical instruments is of current public and professional concern. These concerns are further heightened by reports of the strong surface affinity of the prion protein, and that the removal of organic material by conventional sterilization is often inadequate. Recent reports of contamination on sterilized endodontic files are of particular relevance given the close contact that these instruments may make with peripheral nerve tissue. In this paper, we report the effective use of a commercial gas plasma etcher in the cleaning of endodontic files. A representative sample of cleaned, sterilized, files was screened, using scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, to determine the level of contamination before plasma cleaning. The files were then exposed for a short-term to a low-pressure oxygen-argon plasma, before being re-examined. In all cases, the amount of organic material (in particular that which may have comprised protein) was reduced to a level below the detection limit of the instrument. This work suggests that plasma cleaning offers a safe and effective method for decontamination of dental instruments, thus reducing the risk of iatrogenic transmission of disease during dental procedures. Furthermore, whilst this study focuses on dental files, the findings indicate that the method may be readily extended to the decontamination of general surgical instruments.
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Wheeler JMD, Mortensen NJM, Jones AC, Warren BF. Re: Scott. Radiotherapy and rectal cancer. J Pathol 2002; 197: 4-5. J Pathol 2003; 200:272. [PMID: 12754750 DOI: 10.1002/path.1350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Cockcroft PD, Jones AC, Harris JM. Antibacterial activity of ceftiofur-impregnated polymethylmethacrylate beads following manufacture, storage and sterilisation. Vet Rec 2003; 152:21-2. [PMID: 12542270 DOI: 10.1136/vr.152.1.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Thomas KS, Muir KR, Doherty M, Jones AC, O'Reilly SC, Bassey EJ. Home based exercise programme for knee pain and knee osteoarthritis: randomised controlled trial. BMJ 2002; 325:752. [PMID: 12364304 PMCID: PMC128377 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.325.7367.752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine whether a home based exercise programme can improve outcomes in patients with knee pain. DESIGN Pragmatic, factorial randomised controlled trial of two years' duration. SETTING Two general practices in Nottingham. PARTICIPANTS 786 men and women aged >/=45 years with self reported knee pain. INTERVENTIONS Participants were randomised to four groups to receive exercise therapy, monthly telephone contact, exercise therapy plus telephone contact, or no intervention. Patients in the no intervention and combined exercise and telephone groups were randomised to receive or not receive a placebo health food tablet. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Primary outcome was self reported score for knee pain on the Western Ontario and McMaster universities (WOMAC) osteoarthritis index at two years. Secondary outcomes included knee specific physical function and stiffness (scored on WOMAC index), general physical function (scored on SF-36 questionnaire), psychological outlook (scored on hospital anxiety and depression scale), and isometric muscle strength. RESULTS 600 (76.3%) participants completed the study. At 24 months, highly significant reductions in knee pain were apparent for the pooled exercise groups compared with the non-exercise groups (mean difference -0.82, 95% confidence interval -1.3 to -0.3). Similar improvements were observed at 6, 12, and 18 months. Regular telephone contact alone did not reduce pain. The reduction in pain was greater the closer patients adhered to the exercise plan. CONCLUSIONS A simple home based exercise programme can significantly reduce knee pain. The lack of improvement in patients who received only telephone contact suggests that improvements are not just due to psychosocial effects because of contact with the therapist.
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Roddy E, Jones AC. Reactive arthritis associated with genital tract group A streptococcal infection. J Infect 2002; 45:208-9. [PMID: 12387782 DOI: 10.1016/s0163-4453(02)91045-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2022]
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Yerxa BR, Sabater JR, Davis CW, Stutts MJ, Lang-Furr M, Picher M, Jones AC, Cowlen M, Dougherty R, Boyer J, Abraham WM, Boucher RC. Pharmacology of INS37217 [P(1)-(uridine 5')-P(4)- (2'-deoxycytidine 5')tetraphosphate, tetrasodium salt], a next-generation P2Y(2) receptor agonist for the treatment of cystic fibrosis. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2002; 302:871-80. [PMID: 12183642 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.102.035485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INS37217 [P(1)-(uridine 5')-P(4)-(2'-deoxycytidine 5')tetraphosphate, tetrasodium salt] is a deoxycytidine-uridine dinucleotide with agonist activity at the P2Y(2) receptor. In primate lung tissues, the P2Y(2) receptor mRNA was located by in situ hybridization predominantly in epithelial cells and not in smooth muscle or stromal tissue. The pharmacologic profile of INS37217 parallels that of UTP, leading to increased chloride and water secretion, increased cilia beat frequency, and increased mucin release. The combined effect of these actions was confirmed in an animal model of tracheal mucus velocity that showed that a single administration of INS37217 significantly enhanced mucus transport for at least 8 h after dosing. This extended duration of action is consistent with the ability of INS37217 to resist metabolism by airway cells and sputum enzymes. The enhanced metabolic stability and resultant increased duration of improved mucociliary clearance may confer significant advantages to INS37217 over other P2Y(2) agonists in the treatment of diseases such as cystic fibrosis.
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Wheeler JMD, Warren BF, Mortensen NJM, Ekanyaka N, Kulacoglu H, Jones AC, George BD, Kettlewell MGW. Quantification of histologic regression of rectal cancer after irradiation: a proposal for a modified staging system. Dis Colon Rectum 2002; 45:1051-6. [PMID: 12195189 DOI: 10.1007/s10350-004-6359-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Long-course preoperative radiotherapy has been recommended for rectal carcinoma when there is concern about the ability to perform a curative resection, for example, in larger tethered tumors or those sited anteriorly or near the anal sphincter. "Downstaging" of the tumor may occur, and this is of importance when estimating the prognosis and selecting postoperative therapy for patients. We studied the effects of preoperative chemoradiotherapy on the pathology of rectal cancer, and we propose a simplified measurement of tumor regression, the Rectal Cancer Regression Grade. METHODS We have reviewed those patients who received preoperative chemoradiotherapy followed by surgical resection for carcinomas of the mid or distal third of the rectum found to be Stage T3/4 on transrectal ultrasound or CT between January 1995 and December 1998. Patients received 45 to 50 Gy irradiation and an infusion of 5-fluorouracil. The surgical specimens were examined by one pathologist, and the Rectal Cancer Regression Grade was quantified. RESULTS Forty-two patients, mean age 60 (range, 42-86) years, underwent chemoradiotherapy before surgery for rectal carcinoma. There were 28 anterior resections (67 percent; 9 with a colonic pouch), 12 abdominoperineal resections (27 percent), and 2 Hartmann's procedures (5 percent). Comparison of preoperative and pathologic staging revealed that the depth of invasion was downstaged in 17 patients (38 percent), and the status of involved lymph nodes was downstaged in 13 (50 percent) of 26 patients. Tumor regression was more than 50 percent (Rectal Cancer Regression Grades 1 and 2) in 36 patients (86 percent), with 7 patients (17 percent) having complete regression with absence of residual cancer cells. CONCLUSION Significant tumor regression was seen in 86 percent of cases after chemoradiotherapy, with 19 patients showing a "good" responsiveness. We propose a modified pathologic staging system for irradiated rectal cancer, the Rectal Cancer Regression Grade, which includes a measurement of tumor regression. The utility of the proposed Rectal Cancer Regression Grade must be tested against long-term outcomes before its value in predicting prognosis and survival can be determined.
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Hood GC, Jones AC, Reilley CA. Ionization of Strong Electrolytes. VII. Proton Magnetic Resonance and Raman Spectrum of Iodic Acid. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/j150571a026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Loos KR, Jones AC. Structure of triiodide ion in solution. Raman evidence for the existence of higher polyiodide species. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/j100615a028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Dannenberg H, Forbes JW, Jones AC. Infrared Spectroscopy of Surface Coatings in Reflected Light. Anal Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ac60159a019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Gibson EM, Jones AC, Taylor AG, Bouwman WG, Phillips D, Sandell J. Laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy of 4-aminobenzonitrile, 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)benzonitrile, and their van der Waals complexes in a supersonic jet. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/j100330a024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Jones AC, Coulson L, Muir K, Tolley K, Lophatananon A, Everitt L, Pringle M, Doherty M. A nurse-delivered advice intervention can reduce chronic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug use in general practice: a randomized controlled trial. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2002; 41:14-21. [PMID: 11792874 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/41.1.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To find out whether a nurse-delivered educational package can reduce chronic oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) usage in general practice. METHOD A prospective randomized controlled trial with assessment of economic cost/benefits was carried out in five general practices in Nottinghamshire with computerized prescribing systems, representing a mix of rural/urban and fundholding/non-fundholding practices. Patients suffering from non-malignant, non-inflammatory musculoskeletal pain received repeat prescriptions for oral NSAIDs. Two hundred and twenty-two patients were randomized to a control group (simple advice regarding NSAID use) or an intervention group (asked to withdraw their NSAIDs and employ appropriate alternative drug and non-drug therapies). All advice was supported by patient literature and delivered by a nurse practitioner trained in musculoskeletal assessment. The primary outcome measure was change in NSAID use 6 months after the intervention. Secondary outcome measures were changes in health and quality of life (SF-36 and EQ-5D questionnaires) and drug, health service and patient costs. RESULTS An extra 28% of patients in the intervention group either stopped taking oral NSAIDs or reduced dosage by > or =50% at 6 months compared with controls. There was no detrimental effect on health and well-being. Oral NSAID prescription costs were significantly lowered in the intervention group but not in the control group. A non-significant increase in total drug prescription costs occurred in both groups. CONCLUSIONS Nurse-based intervention can reduce chronic NSAID usage and costs in primary care and would be cost-effective if maintained in the long term. This intervention package would be readily applicable in primary care.
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Alderson G, Jones AC, McGuff HS, Amin KS. Oral and maxillofacial pathology case of the month. Proliferative periostitis. TEXAS DENTAL JOURNAL 2001; 118:1172-3, 1186. [PMID: 11862861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
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Jones AC. Implants have arrived in California. JOURNAL OF THE CALIFORNIA DENTAL ASSOCIATION 2001; 29:735-6. [PMID: 11806051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
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Awaluddin A, Pemble ME, Jones AC, Williams PA. Direct liquid injection MOCVD growth of TiO2 films using the precursor Ti(mpd)(dmae)2. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1051/jp4:2001367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Fornatora ML, Jones AC, Kerpel S, Freedman PD. It's time to modernize our approach to oral HPV lesions. ORAL SURGERY, ORAL MEDICINE, ORAL PATHOLOGY, ORAL RADIOLOGY, AND ENDODONTICS 2001; 91:494-6. [PMID: 11346722 DOI: 10.1067/moe.2001.115128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Jones AC, Freedman PD. Primary extracranial meningioma of the mandible: A report of 2 cases and a review of the literature. ORAL SURGERY, ORAL MEDICINE, ORAL PATHOLOGY, ORAL RADIOLOGY, AND ENDODONTICS 2001; 91:338-41. [PMID: 11250633 DOI: 10.1067/moe.2001.112947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Three cases of primary extracranial meningioma arising in the jaws have been reported in the English-language literature. The purpose of this report is to document 2 additional cases that arose in the mandible. Both cases occurred in women and appeared as radiolucent lesions. Microscopic examination revealed an unencapsulated tumor composed of uniform spindle-shaped cells arranged in whorls and interconnecting fascicles. Occasional nuclear pseudoinclusions and psammoma bodies were identified. The tumor cells demonstrated immunohistochemical reactivity for epithelial membrane antigen and vimentin. Both cases were treated by surgical excision. Based on previously published examples in the jaws, these neoplasms do not appear to be aggressive.
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Jones AC, Sampson JR, Cheadle JP. Low level mosaicism detectable by DHPLC but not by direct sequencing. Hum Mutat 2001; 17:233-4. [PMID: 11241845 DOI: 10.1002/humu.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Zatyka M, Bingle L, Jones AC, Thomas CM. Cooperativity between KorB and TrbA repressors of broad-host-range plasmid RK2. J Bacteriol 2001; 183:1022-31. [PMID: 11208801 PMCID: PMC94970 DOI: 10.1128/jb.183.3.1022-1031.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The KorB and TrbA proteins of broad-host-range plasmid RK2 are key regulators of the plasmid genes required for conjugative transfer. trbBp is the primary promoter responsible for expression of mating pair formation genes. We show that despite the targets for KorB and TrbA at trbBp being about 165 bp apart, 189 bp upstream of the transcription start point and overlapping the -10 region, respectively, these two proteins show up to 10-fold cooperativity for the repression of trbBp. Deletion analysis of TrbA showed that the C-terminal domain (CTD), which has a high degree of sequence conservation with the CTD of KorA, is required for this cooperativity with KorB. Western blotting demonstrated that the apparently mutual enhancement of repression is not due simply to elevation of repressor level by the presence of the second protein, suggesting that the basis for cooperativity is interaction between KorB and TrbA bound at their respective operators.
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McGuff HS, Amin KS, Jones AC, Alderson G. Oral and maxillofacial pathology case of the month. Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor. TEXAS DENTAL JOURNAL 2001; 118:90, 98-9. [PMID: 11404882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
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Aufdemorte T, Jones AC, McGuff HS, Alderson G. Oral and maxillofacial pathology case of the month. Adenoid cystic carcinoma. TEXAS DENTAL JOURNAL 2000; 117:72, 101. [PMID: 11857890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
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Jones AC, Sampson JR, Hoogendoorn B, Cohen D, Cheadle JP. Application and evaluation of denaturing HPLC for molecular genetic analysis in tuberous sclerosis. Hum Genet 2000; 106:663-8. [PMID: 10942116 DOI: 10.1007/s004390000316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Tuberous sclerosis (TSC) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterised by the development of hamartomas in multiple tissues and organs. TSC exhibits locus heterogeneity with genes at 9q34 (TSC1) and 16p13.3 (TSC2) that have 21 and 41 coding exons, respectively. The mutational spectrum at both loci is wide and previous studies have shown that 60%-70% of cases are sporadic and represent new mutations. We have formatted denaturing high performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) for rapid screening of all coding exons of TSC1 and TSC2. DHPLC analysis detected likely disease-causing mutations in 103 of 150 unrelated cases (68%), compared with 92/150 (61%) and 87/150 (58%) for single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis (SSCP) and conventional heteroduplex analysis (HA), respectively. Capital, consumable and labour costs were determined for each exon screening procedure. Estimated costs per patient sample depended on throughput, particularly for DHPLC, where a high proportion of costs are fixed, and were pounds sterling 257, pound sterling 216 and pound sterling 242 for DHPLC, SSCP and HA, respectively, assuming a throughput of 252 samples per year, or pound sterling 354, pound sterling 233 and pound sterling 259, assuming a throughput of 126 samples per year. DHPLC had the advantages of increased sensitivity and reduced labour costs when compared with more traditional approaches to exon screening but, unless expensive DHPLC equipment is being efficiently utilised for a very high proportion of the time available, overall costs are slightly higher.
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Osborne JP, Jones AC, Burley MW, Jeganathan D, Young J, O'Callaghan FJ, Sampson JR, Povey S. Non-penetrance in tuberous sclerosis. Lancet 2000; 355:1698. [PMID: 10905251 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(00)02247-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
As a result of extreme clinical variability in tuberous sclerosis, with one well-documented example of non-penetrance, phenotypically normal siblings or children of patients with tuberous sclerosis are thought to be at increased risk of having children with the disease. We report that the case of apparent non-penetrance that was previously described is the result of two independent tuberous-sclerosis mutations in the same family.
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