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Paradkar BS, Yabuuchi T, Sawada H, Higginson DP, Link A, Wei MS, Stephens RB, Krasheninnikov SI, Beg FN. Emission of energetic protons from relativistic intensity laser interaction with a cone-wire target. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2012; 86:056405. [PMID: 23214894 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.86.056405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Emission of energetic protons (maximum energy ∼18 MeV) from the interaction of relativistic intensity laser with a cone-wire target is experimentally measured and numerically simulated with hybrid particle-in-cell code, lsp [D. R. Welch et al., Phys. Plasmas 13, 063105 (2006)]. The protons originate from the wire attached to the cone after the OMEGA EP laser (670 J, 10 ps, 5 × 10^{18} W/cm^{2}) deposits its energy inside the cone. These protons are accelerated from the contaminant layer on the wire surface, and are measured in the radial direction, i.e., in a direction transverse to the wire length. Simulations show that the radial electric field, responsible for the proton acceleration, is excited by three factors, viz., (i) transverse momentum of the relativistic fast electrons beam entering into the wire, (ii) scattering of electrons inside the wire, and (iii) refluxing of escaped electrons by "fountain effect" at the end of the wire. The underlying physics of radial electric field and acceleration of protons is discussed.
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Ping Y, Kemp AJ, Divol L, Key MH, Patel PK, Akli KU, Beg FN, Chawla S, Chen CD, Freeman RR, Hey D, Higginson DP, Jarrott LC, Kemp GE, Link A, McLean HS, Sawada H, Stephens RB, Turnbull D, Westover B, Wilks SC. Dynamics of relativistic laser-plasma interaction on solid targets. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 109:145006. [PMID: 23083255 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.145006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2011] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A novel time-resolved diagnostic is used to record the critical surface motion during picosecond-scale relativistic laser interaction with a solid target. Single-shot measurements of the specular light show a redshift decreasing with time during the interaction, corresponding to a slowing-down of the hole boring process into overdense plasma. On-shot full characterization of the laser pulse enables simulations of the experiment without any free parameters. Two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations yield redshifts that agree with the data, and support a simple explanation of the slowing-down of the critical surface based on momentum conservation between ions and reflected laser light.
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Horton TG, Barnes M, Johnson S, Kalapos PC, Link A, Cockroft KM. Feasibility and efficacy of transcranial motor-evoked potential monitoring in neuroendovascular surgery. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2012; 33:1825-31. [PMID: 22517278 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a3017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Neurophysiological monitoring for neuroendovascular procedures typically involves EEG and SSEP monitoring via cutaneous electrodes. MEP monitoring has been used less frequently because, traditionally, this has required subdural electrode placement. With the advent of transcutaneous techniques, MEP monitoring use has increased. However, little has been published regarding the use of this technique in therapeutic neuroendovascular procedures. The purpose of this study was therefore to determine whether TcMEP monitoring is feasible and efficacious in therapeutic neuroendovascular procedures. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed our data base of therapeutic neuroendovascular procedures performed with the use of TcMEP monitoring. We specifically determined the incidence of TcMEP changes compared with changes in either SSEP or EEG. We then correlated these changes to actual adverse neurologic events. RESULTS Although TcMEP monitoring was technically successful in all of the 140 patients in which it was attempted, we observed significant changes in TcMEP signals in only 1 patient. This patient experienced changes involving all 3 monitoring modalities after intraprocedural aneurysm rupture. In contrast, changes in SSEP tracings alone were found in 9 patients. Of these, 2 patients were known to be moribund before their procedures and neither recovered. Among the remaining 7 patients, temporary SSEP changes tended to correlate with temporary neurologic deficits, while permanent changes were associated with permanent or long-lasting deficits. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that TcMEP monitoring is feasible in therapeutic neuroendovascular procedures. However, it appears that the addition of TcMEP monitoring provides no added benefit to SSEP and EEG monitoring alone.
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Link A, Kaplan BT, Böhm M. [21-year-old woman with Reye's syndrome after influenza]. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 2012; 137:1853-6. [PMID: 22971971 DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1305311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
HISTORY AND ADMISSION FINDINGS A 21-year old woman was referred to the hospital because of progressively deteriorating consciousness. Initially agitation and irritability, later confusion and delirium predominated. Previously influenza with high temperature, headache and vomiting had occurred and been treated with acetylsalicylic acid for some days. Non preliminary diseases were reported. CLINICAL INVESTIGATION: Besides of the deterioration in consciousness no clinical or neurological abnormalities were found. Electroencephalography demonstrated general abnormalities of medium range. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging and liquor investigations showed no pathological findings. In laboratory tests a marked increase of transaminases and ammonia were found. The toxicological screening was normal. TREATMENT AND COURSE A hepatic encephalopathy due to acute hepatic failure was diagnosed and a detoxication of ammonemia with lactulose was started immediately. Transjugular liver biopsy showed a marked fattening of liver tissue without serological or histological findings for a reason. Because of progressive deterioration in consciousness mechanical ventilation became necessary. Despite of a rapid decline of ammonium serum levels further neurological deterioration occurred. Cranial computed tomography showed oedema of the cerebrum with beginning cerebral occlusion. Despite immediate therapy of cerebral oedema the patient died because of secondary cerebral oedema in hepatic encephalopathy. CONCLUSION Reye's syndrome is an acute illness characterized by hepatic encephalopathy and fatty degeneration of the liver. It often occurs after viral infections. After a viral infection that was eventually treated with acetylsalicylic acid Reye's syndrome has to be discussed after exclusion of common causes of hepatic failure.
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Link A, Pöss J, Böhm M. Medikamentöse Therapie der akuten Herzinsuffizienz: Update und Perspektiven. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 2012; 137:1126-9. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1304965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Ma T, Sawada H, Patel PK, Chen CD, Divol L, Higginson DP, Kemp AJ, Key MH, Larson DJ, Le Pape S, Link A, MacPhee AG, McLean HS, Ping Y, Stephens RB, Wilks SC, Beg FN. Hot electron temperature and coupling efficiency scaling with prepulse for cone-guided fast ignition. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 108:115004. [PMID: 22540481 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.115004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The effect of increasing prepulse energy levels on the energy spectrum and coupling into forward-going electrons is evaluated in a cone-guided fast-ignition relevant geometry using cone-wire targets irradiated with a high intensity (10(20) W/cm(2)) laser pulse. Hot electron temperature and flux are inferred from Kα images and yields using hybrid particle-in-cell simulations. A two-temperature distribution of hot electrons was required to fit the full profile, with the ratio of energy in a higher energy (MeV) component increasing with a larger prepulse. As prepulse energies were increased from 8 mJ to 1 J, overall coupling from laser to all hot electrons entering the wire was found to fall from 8.4% to 2.5% while coupling into only the 1-3 MeV electrons dropped from 0.57% to 0.03%.
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Selejan S, Poss J, Walter F, Hohl M, Kaiser R, Kazakov A, Bohm M, Link A. Ischaemia-induced up-regulation of Toll-like receptor 2 in circulating monocytes in cardiogenic shock. Eur Heart J 2011; 33:1085-94. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehr377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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Link A, de Luna AG, Alfonso F, Giraldo-Beltran P, Ramirez F. Initial effects of fragmentation on the density of three neotropical primate species in two lowland forests of Colombia. ENDANGER SPECIES RES 2010. [DOI: 10.3354/esr00312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Diener HC, Aichner F, Bode C, Böhm M, Eckstein HH, Einhäupl K, Endres M, Forsting F, Gesenhues S, Grond M, Haberl R, Hacke W, Hennerici M, Lyrer P, Link A, Ringelstein B, Ringleb P, Schrader J, Weimar C. Primary and secondary prevention of cerebral ischemia. AKTUELLE NEUROLOGIE 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1223537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Pöss J, Böhm M, Link A. [32-year-old patient with acute myocardial infarction possibly induced by the appetite suppressant sibutramine]. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 2010; 135:965-8. [PMID: 20446231 DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1253684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
HISTORY A 32-year-old, very slightly overweight woman (body mass index of 25) without any cardiovascular risk factors presented with acute chest pain. She reported taking the appetite suppressant sibutramine daily for three months. She was not pregnant and did not remember episodes of serious mental stress or infection during the last few weeks. Physical examination was unsuspicious. INVESTIGATION Laboratory results revealed an elevation of serum markers of myocardial ischemia. The electrocardiogram showed ST segment depressions and T wave inversions in leads II, III and aVF, indicating a nontransmural inferior myocardial infarction. TREATMENT AND COURSE Coronary angiography showed patent coronary arteries with inferior wall hypokinesia. There were no signs of a coronary dissection. Assuming that the acute coronary syndrome had been induced by coronary spasms, the patient was treated with amlodipine and ramipril. CONCLUSION It seemed reasonable to suspect that the intake of sibutramine had induced coronary spasms. However, this is a diagnosis of exclusion. Three case reports have previously been published about acute myocardial infarctions, possibly related to sibutramin intake, in young patients with a negligible cardiovascular risk profile. The European Medicines Agency has questioned the marketing authorisations for sibutramine (January 2010). In patients presenting with acute coronary syndromes which can not be clearly related to cardiovascular risk factors, it is crucial to obtain a complete drug history. Some patients might continue to take sibutramine.
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Macphee AG, Divol L, Kemp AJ, Akli KU, Beg FN, Chen CD, Chen H, Hey DS, Fedosejevs RJ, Freeman RR, Henesian M, Key MH, Le Pape S, Link A, Ma T, Mackinnon AJ, Ovchinnikov VM, Patel PK, Phillips TW, Stephens RB, Tabak M, Town R, Tsui YY, Van Woerkom LD, Wei MS, Wilks SC. Limitation on prepulse level for cone-guided fast-ignition inertial confinement fusion. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 104:055002. [PMID: 20366771 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.104.055002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The viability of fast-ignition (FI) inertial confinement fusion hinges on the efficient transfer of laser energy to the compressed fuel via multi-MeV electrons. Preformed plasma due to the laser prepulse strongly influences ultraintense laser plasma interactions and hot electron generation in the hollow cone of an FI target. We induced a prepulse and consequent preplasma in copper cone targets and measured the energy deposition zone of the main pulse by imaging the emitted K_{alpha} radiation. Simulation of the radiation hydrodynamics of the preplasma and particle in cell modeling of the main pulse interaction agree well with the measured deposition zones and provide an insight into the energy deposition mechanism and electron distribution. It was demonstrated that a under these conditions a 100 mJ prepulse eliminates the forward going component of approximately 2-4 MeV electrons.
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Link A, Trahms L, Oeff M. Analyse von Einhüllender und Phase hochfrequenter MKG-Signale zur Identifikation von Risikopatienten. BIOMED ENG-BIOMED TE 2009. [DOI: 10.1515/bmte.1995.40.s1.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Link A, Selejan S, Walenta K, Reil J, Böhm M. Therapie des peri- und postoperativen hypertensiven Notfalls. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 2009; 134:701-7. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1208109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Ma T, Beg FN, MacPhee AG, Chung HK, Key MH, Mackinnon AJ, Patel PK, Hatchett S, Akli KU, Stephens RB, Chen CD, Freeman RR, Link A, Offermann DT, Ovchinnikov V, Van Woerkom LD. Electron heated target temperature measurements in petawatt laser experiments based on extreme ultraviolet imaging and spectroscopy. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2008; 79:10E312. [PMID: 19044474 DOI: 10.1063/1.2965260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Three independent methods (extreme ultraviolet spectroscopy, imaging at 68 and 256 eV) have been used to measure planar target rear surface plasma temperature due to heating by hot electrons. The hot electrons are produced by ultraintense laser-plasma interactions using the 150 J, 0.5 ps Titan laser. Soft x-ray spectroscopy in the 50-400 eV region and imaging at the 68 and 256 eV photon energies give a planar deuterated carbon target rear surface pre-expansion temperature in the 125-150 eV range, with the rear plasma plume averaging a temperature approximately 74 eV.
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MacPhee AG, Akli KU, Beg FN, Chen CD, Chen H, Clarke R, Hey DS, Freeman RR, Kemp AJ, Key MH, King JA, Le Pape S, Link A, Ma TY, Nakamura H, Offermann DT, Ovchinnikov VM, Patel PK, Phillips TW, Stephens RB, Town R, Tsui YY, Wei MS, Van Woerkom LD, Mackinnon AJ. Diagnostics for fast ignition science (invited). THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2008; 79:10F302. [PMID: 19044615 DOI: 10.1063/1.2978199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The ignition concept for electron fast ignition inertial confinement fusion requires sufficient energy be transferred from an approximately 20 ps laser pulse to the compressed fuel via approximately MeV electrons. We have assembled a suite of diagnostics to characterize such transfer, simultaneously fielding absolutely calibrated extreme ultraviolet multilayer imagers at 68 and 256 eV; spherically bent crystal imagers at 4.5 and 8 keV; multi-keV crystal spectrometers; MeV x-ray bremmstrahlung, electron and proton spectrometers (along the same line of sight), and a picosecond optical probe interferometer. These diagnostics allow careful measurement of energy transport and deposition during and following the laser-plasma interactions at extremely high intensities in both planar and conical targets. Together with accurate on-shot laser focal spot and prepulse characterization, these measurements are yielding new insights into energy coupling and are providing critical data for validating numerical particle-in-cell (PIC) and hybrid PIC simulation codes in an area crucial for fast ignition and other applications. Novel aspects of these diagnostics and how they are combined to extract quantitative data on ultrahigh intensity laser-plasma interactions are discussed.
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Chen CD, King JA, Key MH, Akli KU, Beg FN, Chen H, Freeman RR, Link A, Mackinnon AJ, MacPhee AG, Patel PK, Porkolab M, Stephens RB, Van Woerkom LD. A Bremsstrahlung spectrometer using k-edge and differential filters with image plate dosimeters. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2008; 79:10E305. [PMID: 19044467 DOI: 10.1063/1.2964231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A Bremsstrahlung spectrometer using k-edge and differential filtering has been used with image plate dosimeters to measure the x-ray fluence from short-pulse laser/target interactions. An electron spectrometer in front of the Bremsstrahlung spectrometer deflects electrons from the x-ray line of sight and simultaneously measures the electron spectrum. The response functions were modeled with the Monte Carlo code INTEGRATED TIGER SERIES 3.0 and the dosimeters calibrated with radioactive sources. An electron distribution with a slope temperature of 1.3 MeV is inferred from the Bremsstrahlung spectra.
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Le Pape S, Macphee A, Hey D, Patel P, Mackinnon A, Key M, Pasley J, Wei M, Chen S, Ma T, Beg F, Alexander N, Stephens R, Offerman D, Link A, Van-Woerkom L, Freeman R. Density measurement of shock compressed foam using two-dimensional x-ray radiography. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2008; 79:106104. [PMID: 19044748 DOI: 10.1063/1.2982237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We have used spherically bent quartz crystal to image a laser-generated shock in a foam medium. The foam targets had a density of 0.16 g/cm(3) and thickness of 150 microm, an aluminum/copper pusher drove the shock. The experiment was performed at the Titan facility at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory using a 2 ns, 250 J laser pulse to compress the foam target, and a short pulse (10 ps, 350 J) to generate a bright Ti K alpha x-ray source at 4.5 keV to radiograph the shocked target. The crystal used gives a high resolution (approximately 20 microm) monochromatic image of the shock compressed foam.
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Ma T, MacPhee AG, Key MH, Hatchett SP, Akli KU, Barbee TW, Chen CD, Freeman RR, King JA, Link A, Mackinnon AJ, Offermann DT, Ovchinnikov V, Patel PK, Stephens RB, Van Woerkom LD, Zhang B, Beg FN. Determination of electron-heated temperatures of petawatt laser-irradiated foil targets with 256 and 68 eV extreme ultraviolet imaging. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2008; 79:093507. [PMID: 19044413 DOI: 10.1063/1.2987683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Measurements of plasma temperature at the rear surface of foil targets due to heating by hot electrons, which were produced in short pulse high intensity laser matter interactions using the 150 J, 0.5 ps Titan laser, are reported. Extreme ultraviolet (XUV) imaging at 256 and 68 eV energies is used to determine spatially resolved target rear surface temperature patterns by comparing absolute intensities to radiation hydrodynamic modeling. XUV mirrors at these two energies were absolutely calibrated at the Advanced Light Source at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory. Temperatures deduced from both imagers are validated against each other within the range of 75-225 eV.
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Wübbeler G, Link A, Burghoff M, Trahms L, Elster C. Latency analysis of single auditory evoked M100 responses by spatio-temporal filtering. Phys Med Biol 2007; 52:4383-92. [PMID: 17634639 DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/52/15/002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Appropriate spatial filtering followed by temporal filtering is well suited for the single-trial analysis of multi-channel magnetoencephalogram or electroencephalogram recordings. This is demonstrated by the results of a single-trial latency analysis obtained for auditory evoked M100 responses from nine subjects using two different stimulation frequencies. Spatial filters were derived automatically from the data via noise-adjusted principle component analysis, and single-trial latencies were estimated from the signal phase after complex bandpass filtering. For each of the two stimulation frequencies, estimated single-trial latencies were consistent with results obtained from a standard approach using averaged evoked responses. The quality of the estimated single-trial latencies was additionally assessed by their ability to separate between the two different stimulation frequencies. As a result, more than 80% of the single trials can be classified correctly by their estimated latencies.
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Mathes AM, Riemer I, Link A, Rensing H. Operative Versorgung einer pertrochantären Femurfraktur unmittelbar nach Stent-PTCA eines akuten Myokardinfarkts. Anaesthesist 2007; 56:232-5. [PMID: 17221261 DOI: 10.1007/s00101-006-1125-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Due to the high risk of perioperative adverse events, elective surgery should be suspended for at least 4 weeks after myocardial infarction and coronary stent revascularization, as current guidelines suggest. This report describes the successful management of a patient who underwent urgent surgery for a displaced hip fracture immediately after stent revascularization of an acute myocardial infarction. No new perioperative ischemia was detected. The therapeutic options and the timing of surgical procedures after stent revascularization are discussed.
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Link A, Radau G. [Detection of phenol by means of 4-aminophenazone according to Emerson]. DIE PHARMAZIE 2006; 61:801-2. [PMID: 17020161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
In the literature it is reported that 4-(N,N-dimethylamino) phenazone, like 4-amino phenazone, gives a positive Emerson reaction. This, however, is not true and seems to be a misinterpretation due to very similar common names of the substances.
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Walenta K, Kindermann I, Gärtner B, Kandolph R, Link A, Böhm M. Dangerous kisses: Epstein-barr virus myocarditis mimicking myocardial infarction. Am J Med 2006; 119:e3-6. [PMID: 16651043 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2005.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2004] [Accepted: 11/30/2005] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Treiber G, Wex T, Link A, Vieth M, Laufer S, Malfertheiner P. The effect of single-dose naproxen on eicosanoid formation in human gastroduodenal mucosa. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2006; 23:155-67. [PMID: 16393293 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2006.02725.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In animal studies, aspirin and non-aspirin non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs contribute to gastroduodenal damage via cyclo-oxygenase inhibition and consecutive leucotriene formation (COX-LOX eicosanoid shunt). AIM AND METHODS Ten Helicobacter pylori-negative healthy volunteers received a single dose of 500 mg naproxen to address two questions: (i) is there a crosstalk between eicosanoids before medication in the human gastroduodenal mucosa and (ii) can we demonstrate a COX-LOX shunt following single-dose naproxen? RESULTS Significant correlations in the stomach mucosa before medication were obtained between leucotriene B4 (LTB4) and thromboxane B(2) (TxB(2); r = -0.38, P = 0.05), as well as LTB4 and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2); r = 0.71, P < 0.0001). In serum, a >90% inhibition of TxB(2) and PGE(2) occurred within 30 min of naproxen administration. In gastric mucosa, a significant decrease of TxB(2) occurred already at 15 min and preferably in the antrum. For LTB4 there was a non-significant trend towards a transient increase. Mucosal PGE(2) was unchanged in all regions; transcript levels of both cyclo-oxygenases/5-lipoxygenase were unaffected (except for a trend of increasing cyclo-oxygenase-2 in the corpus). CONCLUSIONS Baseline correlations between LTB4-TxB(2) and LTB4-PGE(2) reflect a crosstalk between these eicosanoids. A COX-LOX shunt; however, cannot be demonstrated following single-dose naproxen in a low-risk population.
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Link A, Jeong K, Georgiou G. Microb Cell Fact 2006; 5:S15. [DOI: 10.1186/1475-2859-5-s1-s15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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