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Kanodia R, Kumar R, Biswas A, Bhasker S. 251P Is QUAD SHOT palliative cyclical hypo-fractionated radiotherapy in advanced head and neck cancer the way to go? An alternative regimen in low resource countries. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.10.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
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Nammalvar Raja Rajan A, Krochmal M, Wegener T, Biswas A, Hartmaier A, Niendorf T, Moeini G. Micromechanical Modeling of AlSi10Mg Processed by Laser-Based Additive Manufacturing: From as-Built to Heat-Treated Microstructures. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:5562. [PMID: 36013699 PMCID: PMC9413125 DOI: 10.3390/ma15165562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The unique microstructure of the alloy AlSi10Mg produced by the laser-based powder bed fusion of metals (PBF-LB/M) provides high-strength and high-strain-hardening capabilities of the material. The microstructure and mechanical properties of 3D-printed, i.e., additively manufactured, AlSi10Mg are significantly altered by post-building heat-treatment processes applied in order to tailor the final properties of the parts. Using an accurate computational model to predict and improve the mechanical performance of 3D-printed samples considering their microstructural features can accelerate their employment in envisaged applications. The present study aims to investigate the correlation between microstructural features and the mechanical behavior of as-built, direct-aged, and T6 heat-treated samples of PBF-LB/M AlSi10Mg under tensile loading using experiment and microstructure-sensitive modeling approaches. Nanoindentation tests are used to calibrate the parameters of the constitutive models for the Al and Si-rich phases. The experimental investigations revealed that heat treatment significantly changes the sub-grain morphology of the Si-rich phase, and this can have a considerable effect on the mechanical behavior of the components. The effect of the modeling of the Si-rich phase in the representative volume elements on the prediction of mechanical behavior is investigated using the J2 plasticity model. The combination of the crystal plasticity model for Al and the J2 plasticity model for the Si-rich phase is used to predict the tensile properties of the as-built and heat-treated states. The predicted results are in good agreement with the experimental results. This approach can be used to understand the microstructure-property relationship of PBF-LB/M AlSi10Mg and eventually tailor heat treatment for PBF-LB/M AlSi10Mg based on the requirement of the application.
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Biswas A, Amirabadi A, Wagner M, Ertl-Wagner B. Features of Visually AcceSAble Rembrandt Images: Interrater Reliability in Pediatric Brain Tumors. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2022; 43:304-308. [PMID: 35058297 PMCID: PMC8985665 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE At present, no evidence-based lexicon exists for pediatric intracranial tumors. The Visually AcceSAble Rembrandt Images terminology describes reproducible MR imaging features of adult gliomas for prediction of tumor grade, molecular markers, and survival. Our aim was to assess the interrater reliability of the pre-resection features of Visually AcceSAble Rembrandt Images in pediatric brain tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty consecutive pre-resection brain MR imaging examinations of pediatric intracranial neoplasms were independently reviewed by 3 neuroradiologists. The intraclass correlation coefficient for continuous variables and the Krippendorf alpha were used to evaluate the interrater agreement. Subgroup analysis was performed for 30 gliomas. RESULTS Parameters with almost perfect agreement (α > .8) included tumor location (F1) and proportion of enhancing tumor (F5). Parameters with substantial agreement (α = .61-.80) were side of tumor epicenter (F2), involvement of eloquent brain (F3), enhancement quality (F4), proportion of non-contrast-enhancing tumor (F6), and deep white matter invasion (F21). The other parameters showed either moderate (α = .41-.60; n = 11), fair (α = .21-.40; n = 5), or slight agreement (α = 0-.20; n = 1). Subgroup analysis of 30 gliomas showed almost perfect agreement for tumor location (F1), involvement of eloquent brain (F3), and proportion of enhancing tumor (F5); and substantial agreement for side of tumor epicenter (F2), enhancement quality (F4), proportion of noncontrast enhancing tumor (F6), cysts (F8), thickness of enhancing margin (F11), and deep white matter invasion (F21). The intraclass correlation coefficient for measurements in the axial plane was excellent in both the main group (0.984 [F29] and 0.982 [F30]) and the glioma subgroup (0.973 [F29] and 0.973 [F30]). CONCLUSIONS Nine features of Visually AcceSAble Rembrandt Images have an acceptable interrater agreement in pediatric brain tumors. For the subgroup of pediatric gliomas, 11 features of Visually AcceSAble Rembrandt Images have an acceptable interrater agreement. The low degree of reproducibility of the remainder of the features necessitates the use of features tailored to the pediatric age group and is likely related to the more heterogeneous imaging morphology of pediatric brain tumors.
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Alshehri HM, Biswas A, González-Gaxiola O, Yildirim Y. Bright optical solitons with polynomial law of nonlinear refractive index by Adomian decomposition scheme. PROCEEDINGS OF THE ESTONIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.3176/proc.2022.3.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Gupta S, Biswas A, Equebal A, Neyaz O, Yadav R. A comparative study on the effects of dextrose prolotherapy and local steroid injection in patients with lateral epicondylitis: A randomized controlled trial. JOURNAL OF MEDICINE IN SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/jmisr.jmisr_35_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
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Alngar ME, Alzahrani AK, Belic MR, Biswas A, Ekici M, Khan S, Zayed EM. Optical solitons in fiber Bragg gratings with quadratic-cubic law of nonlinear refractive index and cubic-quartic dispersive reflectivity. PROCEEDINGS OF THE ESTONIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.3176/proc.2022.2.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Subramanian S, Biswas A, Alves C, Sudhakar S, Shekdar K, Krishnan P, Shroff M, Taranath A, Arrigoni F, Aldinger K, Leventer R, Dobyns W, Mankad K. ACTA2-Related Dysgyria: An Under-Recognized Malformation of Cortical Development. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2022; 43:146-150. [PMID: 34857515 PMCID: PMC8757559 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Pathogenic variants in the ACTA2 gene cause a distinctive arterial phenotype that has recently been described to be associated with brain malformation. Our objective was to further characterize gyral abnormalities in patients with ACTA2 pathogenic variants as per the 2020 consensus recommendations for the definition and classification of malformations of cortical development. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed a retrospective, multicentric review of patients with proved ACTA2 pathogenic variants, searching for the presence of malformations of cortical development. A consensus read was performed for all patients, and the type and location of cortical malformation were noted in each. The presence of the typical ACTA2 arterial phenotype as well as demographic and relevant clinical data was obtained. RESULTS We included 13 patients with ACTA2 pathogenic variants (Arg179His mutation, n = 11, and Arg179Cys mutation, n = 2). Ninety-two percent (12/13) of patients had peri-Sylvian dysgyria, 77% (10/13) had frontal dysgyria, and 15% (2/13) had generalized dysgyria. The peri-Sylvian location was involved in all patients with dysgyria (12/12). All patients with dysgyria had a characteristic arterial phenotype described in ACTA2 pathogenic variants. One patient did not have dysgyria or the characteristic arterial phenotype. CONCLUSIONS Dysgyria is common in patients with ACTA2 pathogenic variants, with a peri-Sylvian and frontal predominance, and was seen in all our patients who also had the typical ACTA2 arterial phenotype.
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Kinney MV, Day LT, Palestra F, Biswas A, Jackson D, Roos N, de Jonge A, Doherty P, Manu AA, Moran AC, George AS. Overcoming blame culture: key strategies to catalyse maternal and perinatal death surveillance and response. BJOG 2021; 129:839-844. [PMID: 34709701 PMCID: PMC9298870 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.16989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Basta LP, Hill-Oliva M, Paramore SV, Sharan R, Goh A, Biswas A, Cortez M, Little KA, Posfai E, Devenport D. New mouse models for high resolution and live imaging of planar cell polarity proteins in vivo. Development 2021; 148:271988. [PMID: 34463728 DOI: 10.1242/dev.199695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The collective polarization of cellular structures and behaviors across a tissue plane is a near universal feature of epithelia known as planar cell polarity (PCP). This property is controlled by the core PCP pathway, which consists of highly conserved membrane-associated protein complexes that localize asymmetrically at cell junctions. Here, we introduce three new mouse models for investigating the localization and dynamics of transmembrane PCP proteins: Celsr1, Fz6 and Vangl2. Using the skin epidermis as a model, we characterize and verify the expression, localization and function of endogenously tagged Celsr1-3xGFP, Fz6-3xGFP and tdTomato-Vangl2 fusion proteins. Live imaging of Fz6-3xGFP in basal epidermal progenitors reveals that the polarity of the tissue is not fixed through time. Rather, asymmetry dynamically shifts during cell rearrangements and divisions, while global, average polarity of the tissue is preserved. We show using super-resolution STED imaging that Fz6-3xGFP and tdTomato-Vangl2 can be resolved, enabling us to observe their complex localization along junctions. We further explore PCP fusion protein localization in the trachea and neural tube, and discover new patterns of PCP expression and localization throughout the mouse embryo.
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Vázquez-González Y, Prieto C, Filizoglu M, Ragazzo-Sánchez J, Calderón-Santoyo M, Furtado R, Cheng H, Biswas A, Lagaron J. Electrosprayed cashew gum microparticles for the encapsulation of highly sensitive bioactive materials. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 264:118060. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Ahlawat S, Srinivasu K, Biswas A, Choudhury N. Distortion energy-electronic energy compensation determines the nature of solute interactions with irradiation induced vacancies in ferritic steel. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:8689-8704. [PMID: 33876029 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp00100k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Fundamental knowledge of vacancy-solute atom (in particular, Cu and Ni) interactions at the electronic level is of utmost importance to understand experimentally observed Cu-precipitation in reactor pressure vessel (RPV) steel. In the present investigation, using first-principles electronic structure calculations within the framework of density functional theory (DFT), we unravel the nature of such interactions between a vacancy (V) or di-vacancy and solute atoms (mainly Cu and Ni) in the bcc-Fe lattice. One of the very novel features of the present investigation is that we demonstrate the importance of distortion energy-electronic energy compensation in stabilizing the formation of vacancy-Cu and vacancy-Ni clusters in ferritic steel. Further decomposition of the electronic energy contribution into different bonding contributions in conjugation with differential charge density analyses clearly reveals the origin of stability as a consequence of mutual compensation of different energy modes. For both Cu-Cu and Ni-Ni interactions, the presence of a vacancy leads to a more attractive interaction, implying that such vacancies generated due to irradiation make solute aggregation easier compared with the case of model steel with no defects. We have also demonstrated that the formation of CumNin clusters (m, n = 1, 5) is energetically favorable in addition to demonstrating that the stability increases with an increasing number of Cu or Ni atoms. The rate of increase of stability with the addition of solute atoms is higher in the case of the addition of Cu atoms into a Ni cluster than it is for adding Ni atoms into a Cu cluster. The present investigation thus provides a deeper electronic level understanding of solute-point defect interaction and cluster formation probability for Cu and Ni atoms in the ferritic steel.
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Sarkar P, Biswas A, Abharana N, Rai S, Modi MH, Bhattacharyya D. Interface modification of Cr/Ti multilayers with C barrier layer for enhanced reflectivity in the water window regime. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2021; 28:224-230. [PMID: 33399572 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577520013429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The influence of a carbon barrier layer to improve the reflectivity of Cr/Ti multilayers, intended to be used in the water window wavelength regime, is investigated. Specular grazing-incidence X-ray reflectivity results of Cr/Ti multilayers with 10 bilayers show that interface widths are reduced to ∼0.24 nm upon introduction of a ∼0.3 nm C barrier layer at each Cr-on-Ti interface. As the number of bilayers increases to 75, a multilayer with C barrier layers maintains almost the same interface widths with no cumulative increase in interface imperfections. Using such interface-engineered Cr/C/Ti multilayers, a remarkably high soft X-ray reflectivity of ∼31.6% is achieved at a wavelength of 2.77 nm and at a grazing angle of incidence of 16.2°, which is the highest reflectivity reported so far in the literature in this wavelength regime. Further investigation of the multilayers by diffused grazing-incidence X-ray reflectivity and grazing-incidence extended X-ray absorption fine-structure measurements using synchrotron radiation suggests that the improvement in interface microstructure can be attributed to significant suppression of inter-diffusion at Cr/Ti interfaces by the introduction of C barrier layers and also due to the smoothing effect of the C layer promoting two-dimensional growth of the multilayer.
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Biswas A, Divya S, Sharmila P, Pardha-Saradhi P. Light promoted brown staining of protoplasm by Ag+ is ideal to test wheat pollen viability rapidly. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0243856. [PMID: 33326483 PMCID: PMC7743923 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pollen viability is crucial for wheat breeding programs. The unique potential of the protoplasm of live cells to turn brown due to the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) through rapid photoreduction of Ag+, was exploited for testing wheat pollen viability. Ag+-viability test medium (consisting of 0.5 mM AgNO3 and 300 mM KNO3) incubated with wheat pollen turned brown within 2 min under intense light (~600 μmol photon flux density m-2s-1), but not in dark. The brown medium displayed AgNPs-specific surface plasmon resonance band in its absorption spectrum. Light microscopic studies showed the presence of uniformly stained brown protoplasm in viable pollen incubated with Ag+-viability medium in the presence of light. Investigations with transmission electron microscope coupled with energy dispersive X-ray established the presence of distinct 5-35 nm NPs composed of Ag. Powder X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that AgNPs were crystalline and biphasic composed of Ag0 and Ag2O. Conversely, non-viable pollen and heat-killed pollen did not turn brown on incubation with Ag+-medium in light. We believe that the viable wheat pollen turn brown rapidly by bio-transforming Ag+ to AgNPs through photoreduction. Our findings furnish a novel simplest and rapid method for testing wheat pollen viability.
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Earp E, Mitchell A, Biswas A. A herpetiform eruption with unexpected immunofluorescence findings. Clin Exp Dermatol 2020; 46:207-209. [PMID: 33038038 DOI: 10.1111/ced.14461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Sharma A, Mohanti B, Thakar A, Bhasker S, Sikka K, Singh A, Pramanik R, Kumar R, Biswas A, Deo S, Thulkar S, Bahadur S. 959P Analysis of concurrent chemo-radiation using weekly cisplatin in locally advanced SCCHN: Identification of prognostic factors. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.1074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Biswas A, Krishnan P, Amirabadi A, Blaser S, Mercimek-Andrews S, Shroff M. Expanding the Neuroimaging Phenotype of Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinoses. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2020; 41:1930-1936. [PMID: 32855186 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses are a group of neurodegenerative disorders characterized by the accumulation of autofluorescent lipopigments in neuronal cells. As a result of storage material in the brain and retina, clinical manifestations include speech delay, cognitive dysfunction, motor regression, epilepsy, vision loss, and early death. At present, 14 different ceroid lipofuscinosis (CLN) genes are known. Recently, the FDA approved the use of recombinant human proenzyme of tripeptidyl-peptidase 1 for CLN2 disease, while phase I/IIa clinical trials for gene therapy in CLN3 and CLN6 are ongoing. Early diagnosis is, therefore, key to initiating treatment and arresting disease progression. Neuroimaging features of CLN1, CLN2, CLN3, and CLN5 diseases are well-described, with sparse literature on other subtypes. We aimed to investigate and expand the MR imaging features of genetically proved neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses subtypes at our institution and also to report the time interval between the age of disease onset and the diagnosis of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses. MATERIALS AND METHODS We investigated and analyzed the age of disease onset and neuroimaging findings (signal intensity in periventricular, deep, and subcortical white matter, thalami, basal ganglia, posterior limb of the internal capsule, insular/subinsular regions, and ventral pons; and the presence or absence of supratentorial and/or infratentorial atrophy) of patients with genetically proved neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses at our institution. This group consisted of 24 patients who underwent 40 brain MR imaging investigations between 1993 and 2019, with a male preponderance (male/female ratio = 15:9). RESULTS The mean ages of disease onset, first brain MR imaging, and diagnosis of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses were 4.70 ± 3.48 years, 6.76 ± 4.49 years, and 7.27 ± 4.78 years, respectively. Findings on initial brain MR imaging included T2/FLAIR hypointensity in the thalami (n = 22); T2/FLAIR hyperintensity in the periventricular and deep white matter (n = 22), posterior limb of the internal capsule (n = 22), ventral pons (n = 19), and insular/subinsular region (n = 18); supratentorial (n = 21) and infratentorial atrophy (n = 20). Eight of 9 patients who had follow-up neuroimaging showed progressive changes. CONCLUSIONS We identified reported classic neuroimaging features in all except 1 patient with neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses in our study. CLN2, CLN5, and CLN7 diseases showed predominant cerebellar-over-cerebral atrophy. We demonstrate that abnormal signal intensity in the deep white matter, posterior limb of the internal capsule, and ventral pons is more common than previously reported in the literature. We report abnormal signal intensity in the insular/subinsular region for the first time. The difference in the median time from disease onset and diagnosis was 1.5 years.
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Olabi B, Biswas A, Tidman MJ. Interdigital lesions: it's a dog's life. Clin Exp Dermatol 2020; 45:1077-1079. [PMID: 32844479 DOI: 10.1111/ced.14372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Biswas A, Iakutkina O, Wang Q, Lei HC, Dressel M, Uykur E. Spin-Reorientation-Induced Band Gap in Fe_{3}Sn_{2}: Optical Signatures of Weyl Nodes. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:076403. [PMID: 32857538 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.076403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Temperature- and frequency-dependent infrared spectroscopy identifies two contributions to the electronic properties of the magnetic kagome metal Fe_{3}Sn_{2}: two-dimensional Dirac fermions and strongly correlated flat bands. The interband transitions within the linearly dispersing Dirac bands appear as a two-step feature along with a very narrow Drude component due to intraband contribution. Low-lying absorption features indicate flat bands with multiple van Hove singularities. Localized charge carriers are seen as a Drude peak shifted to finite frequencies. The spectral weight is redistributed when the spins are reoriented at low temperatures; a sharp mode appears suggesting the opening of a gap due to the spin reorientation as the sign of additional Weyl nodes in the system.
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Datta PK, Biswas A, Ghosh A, Chaudhury N. Creation of Image Segmentation Classifiers for Sign Language Processing for Deaf and Dumb. 2020 8TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON RELIABILITY, INFOCOM TECHNOLOGIES AND OPTIMIZATION (TRENDS AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS) (ICRITO) 2020. [DOI: 10.1109/icrito48877.2020.9197978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/19/2023]
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Dubey R, Yadav A, Pawar A, Biswas A. Comparing the outcome of progenitor (CD34+) Cell dose calculated using ideal body weight to actual body weight on engraftment of neutrophils and platelets after PBSC transplant. Cytotherapy 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2020.03.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Biswas A, Jantz MA, Fernandez-Bussy S, Flanagan M, Mehta HJ. Repositioning of migrated self-expanding metallic tracheobronchial stent: predictors of a successful maneuver and its impact on survival. J Thorac Dis 2020; 12:1866-1876. [PMID: 32642090 PMCID: PMC7330314 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-20-608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background Endobronchial stents that are used to treat airway obstruction may migrate over time. These stents can be repositioned. However, not much has been reported about this technique. We retrospectively reviewed our experience with self-expanding metallic stents (SEMS) and attempted to determine—(I) factors related to successful stent repositioning; (II) determine its impact on survival. Methods Demographic, medical history, and stent-related procedure factors were extracted from the electronic health record. Primary outcomes were bronchial stent repositioning success and survival (days until death). As validation of successful repositioning, the durations of successful and failed repositioning procedures were compared using an independent t-test. Results Seventy-six patients underwent stent repositioning, of which, 55.3% (n=42) were successfully repositioned. The probability of success in repositioning procedures was accounted for by patient sex, stent location, and stent diameter. Females were more likely to have a successful repositioning compared to males. Stent repositioning in the LMS was more likely to be successful and stents larger in diameter tended to increase the likelihood of successful repositioning. Long-term survival was higher for those who had a successful procedure. Stent location and disease subgroups predicted average length of survival. Conclusions Repositioning of migrated stents can be successfully performed regardless of the reasons for initial placement, duration of stenting and degree of original obstruction. Larger stents are easier to reposition and so were stents in the left main stem (LMS) airway. A successful stent repositioning maneuver improved long-term survival although did not have any impact survival in the immediate post-procedural period.
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Biswas A, Vajragupta N, Hielscher R, Hartmaier A. Optimized reconstruction of the crystallographic orientation density function based on a reduced set of orientations. J Appl Crystallogr 2020; 53:178-187. [PMID: 32047410 PMCID: PMC6998776 DOI: 10.1107/s1600576719017138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, a new method is developed to reconstruct the orientation distribution function from experimental data with a set of equally weighted orientations. It is based on the deterministic integer approximation method, but it minimizes the shortcomings of this method by optimizing the orientation grid and kernel function. Crystallographic textures, as they develop for example during cold forming, can have a significant influence on the mechanical properties of metals, such as plastic anisotropy. Textures are typically characterized by a non-uniform distribution of crystallographic orientations that can be measured by diffraction experiments like electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). Such experimental data usually contain a large number of data points, which must be significantly reduced to be used for numerical modeling. However, the challenge in such data reduction is to preserve the important characteristics of the experimental data, while reducing the volume and preserving the computational efficiency of the numerical model. For example, in micromechanical modeling, representative volume elements (RVEs) of the real microstructure are generated and the mechanical properties of these RVEs are studied by the crystal plasticity finite element method. In this work, a new method is developed for extracting a reduced set of orientations from EBSD data containing a large number of orientations. This approach is based on the established integer approximation method and it minimizes its shortcomings. Furthermore, the L1 norm is applied as an error function; this is commonly used in texture analysis for quantitative assessment of the degree of approximation and can be used to control the convergence behavior. The method is tested on four experimental data sets to demonstrate its capabilities. This new method for the purposeful reduction of a set of orientations into equally weighted orientations is not only suitable for numerical simulation but also shows improvement in results in comparison with other available methods.
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Sugimoto Y, Camacho FR, Wang S, Chankhamjon P, Odabas A, Biswas A, Jeffrey PD, Donia MS. A metagenomic strategy for harnessing the chemical repertoire of the human microbiome. Science 2019; 366:science.aax9176. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aax9176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Extensive progress has been made in determining the effects of the microbiome on human physiology and disease, but the underlying molecules and mechanisms governing these effects remain largely unexplored. Here, we combine a new computational algorithm with synthetic biology to access biologically active small molecules encoded directly in human microbiome–derived metagenomic sequencing data. We discover that members of a clinically used class of molecules are widely encoded in the human microbiome and that they exert potent antibacterial activities against neighboring microbes, implying a possible role in niche competition and host defense. Our approach paves the way toward a systematic unveiling of the chemical repertoire encoded by the human microbiome and provides a generalizable platform for discovering molecular mediators of microbiome-host and microbiome-microbiome interactions.
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