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Chu JJ, Devall AJ, Beeson LE, Hardy P, Cheed V, Sun Y, Roberts TE, Ogwulu CO, Williams E, Jones LL, La Fontaine Papadopoulos JH, Bender-Atik R, Brewin J, Hinshaw K, Choudhary M, Ahmed A, Naftalin J, Nunes N, Oliver A, Izzat F, Bhatia K, Hassan I, Jeve Y, Hamilton J, Deb S, Bottomley C, Ross J, Watkins L, Underwood M, Cheong Y, Kumar CS, Gupta P, Small R, Pringle S, Hodge F, Shahid A, Gallos ID, Horne AW, Quenby S, Coomarasamy A. Mifepristone and misoprostol versus misoprostol alone for the management of missed miscarriage (MifeMiso): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2020; 396:770-778. [PMID: 32853559 PMCID: PMC7493715 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(20)31788-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The anti-progesterone drug mifepristone and the prostaglandin misoprostol can be used to treat missed miscarriage. However, it is unclear whether a combination of mifepristone and misoprostol is more effective than administering misoprostol alone. We investigated whether treatment with mifepristone plus misoprostol would result in a higher rate of completion of missed miscarriage compared with misoprostol alone. METHODS MifeMiso was a multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised trial in 28 UK hospitals. Women were eligible for enrolment if they were aged 16 years and older, diagnosed with a missed miscarriage by pelvic ultrasound scan in the first 14 weeks of pregnancy, chose to have medical management of miscarriage, and were willing and able to give informed consent. Participants were randomly assigned (1:1) to a single dose of oral mifepristone 200 mg or an oral placebo tablet, both followed by a single dose of vaginal, oral, or sublingual misoprostol 800 μg 2 days later. Randomisation was managed via a secure web-based randomisation program, with minimisation to balance study group assignments according to maternal age (<30 years vs ≥30 years), body-mass index (<35 kg/m2vs ≥35 kg/m2), previous parity (nulliparous women vs parous women), gestational age (<70 days vs ≥70 days), amount of bleeding (Pictorial Blood Assessment Chart score; ≤2 vs ≥3), and randomising centre. Participants, clinicians, pharmacists, trial nurses, and midwives were masked to study group assignment throughout the trial. The primary outcome was failure to spontaneously pass the gestational sac within 7 days after random assignment. Primary analyses were done according to intention-to-treat principles. The trial is registered with the ISRCTN registry, ISRCTN17405024. FINDINGS Between Oct 3, 2017, and July 22, 2019, 2595 women were identified as being eligible for the MifeMiso trial. 711 women were randomly assigned to receive either mifepristone and misoprostol (357 women) or placebo and misoprostol (354 women). 696 (98%) of 711 women had available data for the primary outcome. 59 (17%) of 348 women in the mifepristone plus misoprostol group did not pass the gestational sac spontaneously within 7 days versus 82 (24%) of 348 women in the placebo plus misoprostol group (risk ratio [RR] 0·73, 95% CI 0·54-0·99; p=0·043). 62 (17%) of 355 women in the mifepristone plus misoprostol group required surgical intervention to complete the miscarriage versus 87 (25%) of 353 women in the placebo plus misoprostol group (0·71, 0·53-0·95; p=0·021). We found no difference in incidence of adverse events between the study groups. INTERPRETATION Treatment with mifepristone plus misoprostol was more effective than misoprostol alone in the management of missed miscarriage. Women with missed miscarriage should be offered mifepristone pretreatment before misoprostol to increase the chance of successful miscarriage management, while reducing the need for miscarriage surgery. FUNDING UK National Institute for Health Research Health Technology Assessment Programme.
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Bornacelli J, Torres-Torres C, Arenas-Alatorre J, Martínez-Mondragón MM, Rodríguez-Fernández L, Oliver A. Enhanced ultrafast optomagnetic effects in room-temperature ferromagnetic Pt nanoclusters embedded in silica by ion implantation. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:355705. [PMID: 32422622 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab93ec] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ferromagnetic-like behavior at room temperature (300 K) was observed in Pt particles embedded in ion-implanted silica matrices. Results in samples integrated by ultra-small photoluminescent Pt clusters (<2 nm) were compared with samples containing exclusively larger plasmonic Pt nanoparticles (>3 nm). The ferromagnetic behavior coexists simultaneously with a diamagnetic response. Enhanced diamagnetic response of one order of magnitude was observed compared to typical diamagnetism in pure silica, and it is increased with the mean diameter of the Pt particles. Besides, a larger sensitivity to an external field was observed in the ferromagnetic response of the nanostructures with a characteristic saturation at 20 kOe. This ferromagnetic behavior was only observed in the samples with nucleated Pt particles. The magnitude of the saturation magnetization shows up to a fivefold increase in the samples with smaller particle size and larger particle density. Saturation magnetization was observed between 3-15 × 10-4 emu g-1, with remanent magnetization of 0.2-0.6 × 10-4emu g-1, measured at 300 K. Coercitive fields also decrease in samples with smaller size and particles density, with values of 114 and 300 Oe. At lower temperatures (5 K) the saturation magnetization increases, as it would be expected from a ferromagnetic state. Optomagnetic response was studied by inverse Faraday effects and induced photomagnetization with circular polarized picosecond pulsed light at 1064 nm wavelength. Results showed that samples with a stronger ferromagnetic response exhibit larger Faraday rotation up to 5.3 × 103deg cm-1 by light excitations with irradiances between 50 and 180 GW cm-2. These findings have immediate applications in multifunctional solid-state magneto-optical devices such as optical isolators, high-data storage devices and ultrafast all-optical switching of magnetization.
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Bornacelli J, Torres-Torres C, Can-Uc B, Rangel-Rojo R, Oliver A. Plasmon coupling interactions and inhibition of nonlinear absorption in a complex system with Ag and Pt nanoparticles in silica. APPLIED OPTICS 2020; 59:D69-D75. [PMID: 32400626 DOI: 10.1364/ao.383156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The optical response exhibited by a complex hybrid system integrated by Pt ultrasmall fluorescent particles and plasmonic Ag nanoparticles is reported. The system was synthesized by coimplantation of Ag and Pt ions into a silica matrix followed by a proper thermal annealing. The energies and fluences were chosen in order to overlap the spatial regions of the Ag and Pt ion distributions below the silica surface. Optical absorption and emission spectroscopies show that the complex nanostructures exhibit an important plasmonic response, together with photoluminescence excited at 355 nm, which is enhanced when compared to the reference sample with only Pt particles. Off-resonance nonlinear transmission and Z-scan measurements were undertaken using ultrafast pulses. High-irradiance excitation at 1064 nm with picosecond pulses shows that the Pt or Ag nanoparticles exhibit a two-photon absorption effect, while the complex system shows the absence of any nonlinear absorption. Similar observations were made using femtosecond pulses at 800 nm wavelength. This inhibition of the two-photon absorption effect and enhancement in the emission of the complex hybrid samples by the synergic participation of Ag and Pt particles can be explained as a result of a plasmon coupling via the near-field interaction between plasmonic and emitting sources.
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Evans R, Taylor S, Kalasthry J, Sakai N, Miles A, Aboagye A, Agoramoorthy L, Ahmed S, Amadi A, Anand G, Atkin G, Austria A, Ball S, Bazari F, Beable R, Beare S, Beedham H, Beeston T, Bharwani N, Bhatnagar G, Bhowmik A, Blakeway L, Blunt D, Boavida P, Boisfer D, Breen D, Bridgewater J, Burke S, Butawan R, Campbell Y, Chang E, Chao D, Chukundah S, Clarke C, Collins B, Collins C, Conteh V, Couture J, Crosbie J, Curtis H, Daniel A, Davis L, Desai K, Duggan M, Ellis S, Elton C, Engledow A, Everitt C, Ferdous S, Frow A, Furneaux M, Gibbons N, Glynne-Jones R, Gogbashian A, Goh V, Gourtsoyianni S, Green A, Green L, Green L, Groves A, Guthrie A, Hadley E, Halligan S, Hameeduddin A, Hanid G, Hans S, Hans B, Higginson A, Honeyfield L, Hughes H, Hughes J, Hurl L, Isaac E, Jackson M, Jalloh A, Janes S, Jannapureddy R, Jayme A, Johnson A, Johnson E, Julka P, Kalasthry J, Karapanagiotou E, Karp S, Kay C, Kellaway J, Khan S, Koh D, Light T, Limbu P, Lock S, Locke I, Loke T, Lowe A, Lucas N, Maheswaran S, Mallett S, Marwood E, McGowan J, Mckirdy F, Mills-Baldock T, Moon T, Morgan V, Morris S, Morton A, Nasseri S, Navani N, Nichols P, Norman C, Ntala E, Nunes A, Obichere A, O'Donohue J, Olaleye I, Oliver A, Onajobi A, O'Shaughnessy T, Padhani A, Pardoe H, Partridge W, Patel U, Perry K, Piga W, Prezzi D, Prior K, Punwani S, Pyers J, Rafiee H, Rahman F, Rajanpandian I, Ramesh S, Raouf S, Reczko K, Reinhardt A, Robinson D, Rockall A, Russell P, Sargus K, Scurr E, Shahabuddin K, Sharp A, Shepherd B, Shiu K, Sidhu H, Simcock I, Simeon C, Smith A, Smith D, Snell D, Spence J, Srirajaskanthan R, Stachini V, Stegner S, Stirling J, Strickland N, Tarver K, Teague J, Thaha M, Train M, Tulmuntaha S, Tunariu N, van Ree K, Verjee A, Wanstall C, Weir S, Wijeyekoon S, Wilson J, Wilson S, Win T, Woodrow L, Yu D. Patient deprivation and perceived scan burden negatively impact the quality of whole-body MRI. Clin Radiol 2020; 75:308-315. [PMID: 31836179 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2019.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the association between the image quality of cancer staging whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (WB-MRI) and patient demographics, distress, and perceived scan burden. MATERIALS AND METHODS A sample of patients recruited prospectively to multicentre trials comparing WB-MRI with standard scans for staging lung and colorectal cancer were invited to complete two questionnaires. The baseline questionnaire, administered at recruitment, collated data on demographics, distress and co-morbidity. The follow-up questionnaire, completed after staging investigations, measured perceived WB-MRI scan burden (scored 1 low to 7 high). WB-MRI anatomical coverage, and technical quality was graded by a radiographic technician and grading combined to categorise the scan as "optimal", "sub-optimal" or "degraded". A radiologist categorised 30 scans to test interobserver agreement. Data were analysed using the chi-square, Fisher's exact, t-tests, and multinomial regression. RESULTS One hundred and fourteen patients were included in the study (53 lung, 61 colorectal; average age 65.3 years, SD=11.8; 66 men [57.9%]). Overall, 45.6% (n=52), scans were classified as "optimal" quality, 39.5% (n=45) "sub-optimal", and 14.9% (n=17) as "degraded". In adjusted analyses, greater deprivation level and higher patient-reported scan burden were both associated with a higher likelihood of having a sub-optimal versus an optimal scan (odds ratio [OR]: 4.465, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.454 to 13.709, p=0.009; OR: 1.987, CI: 1.153 to 3.425, p=0.013, respectively). None of the variables predicted the likelihood of having a degraded scan. CONCLUSIONS Deprivation and patients' perceived experience of the WB-MRI are related to image quality. Tailored protocols and individualised patient management before and during WB-MRI may improve image quality.
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Sánchez-Diener I, Zamorano L, Peña C, Ocampo-Sosa A, Cabot G, Gómez-Zorrilla S, Almirante B, Aguilar M, Granados A, Calbo E, Rodriguez-Baño J, Rodríguez-López F, Tubau F, Martínez-Martínez L, Navas A, Oliver A. Weighting the impact of virulence on the outcome of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bloodstream infections. Clin Microbiol Infect 2020; 26:351-357. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2019.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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de la Torre L, Oliver A, Torres X, Bertran MJ. A systematic scoping review to approach the construct of gender discrimination. Eur J Public Health 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckz187.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Gender discrimination (GD) has been frequently linked to mental health. The heterogeneity of GD definition has led to different assessment methodologies and variation around the analysis of GD. This can affect the study of the association between GD and health outcomes. The main goal of this systematic scoping review is the review of previous studies to operationalize the definition of the GD construct.
Three search strategies were set in Pubmed, CINAHL and PsycINFO. 1st and 2nd search strategies included studies if their main focus was either, the analysis of discrimination perception, triggers of discrimination or the analysis of GD effects and associated factors to its perception. 3rd strategy was focused on the identification of GD questionnaires. The prevalence of GD, factors and consequences associated with GD perception and forms of discrimination were the principal variables collected. Risk of bias was assessed (PROSPERO: CRD42019120719).
A total of 925 studies were obtained and 84 papers included. GD analysis environments were described. 60 questionnaires of discrimination were identified. Prevalence of GD varied between 3.4-67%. Female gender and a younger age were the factors most frequently related to GD. Poorer mental health was the most frequent consequence. Two components of the GD construct were identified: undervaluation (different recognition, opportunities in access, evaluation standards and expectations) and different treatment (verbal abuse and behavior).
GD is measured in several environments and with different methodologies. The two component definition of GD can add order and precision to the measurement, increase response rates and reported GD.
Key messages
The heterogeneity in the conception of gender discrimination has led to different ways of assessment and to a great heterogeneity around the analysis of GD perception. This operative gender discrimination construct could add order and precision to its measurement, increase response rates and reported GD.
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Baraibar I, Román M, López-Erdozain I, Oliver A, Vilalta A, Ajona D, Vicent S, De Andrea C, Pio R, Lasarte J, Calvo A, Gil-Bazo I. MA17.11 High Sensitivity to PD-1 Blockade Therapy After Ld1 Depletion in KRAS-Driven Lung Cancer Through CD8+/CD3+ Tumor Infiltration and PD-L1 Induction. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Abstract
Abstract
Purpose of Review
Adolescent depression is a major public health concern associated with severe outcomes. A lack of efficacious interventions has triggered an increase in cognitive neuropsychology research to identify relevant treatment targets for new interventions. This review summarises key neurocognitive findings in adolescent depression and explores the potential of neurocognitive markers as treatment targets in new interventions.
Recent Findings
Studies support difficulties in the voluntary deployment of attention towards and away from emotional stimuli, negative interpretation biases and overgeneralised autobiographical memories in adolescent depression; however, little evidence is given to a general decline in executive function. There is consistent evidence for abnormalities in several distributed neural networks in adolescent depression, including dysfunction in and between the amygdala, medial prefrontal cortex and ventral striatum.
Summary
The relationships between different cognitive biases and abnormalities in specific neural networks remain unclear. Several new experimental interventions targeting these neurocognitive markers await evaluation.
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Bornacelli J, Torres-Torres C, Silva-Pereyra HG, Labrada-Delgado GJ, Crespo-Sosa A, Cheang-Wong JC, Oliver A. Superlinear Photoluminescence by Ultrafast Laser Pulses in Dielectric Matrices with Metal Nanoclusters. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5699. [PMID: 30952901 PMCID: PMC6450893 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42174-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
An intense photoluminescence emission was observed from noble metal nanoclusters (Pt, Ag or Au) embedded in sapphire plates, nucleated by MeV ion-implantation and assisted by an annealing process. In particular, the spectral photoluminescence characteristics, such as range and peak emission, were compared to the behavior observed from Pt nanoclusters embedded in a silica matrix and excited by UV irradiation. Correlation between emission energy, nanoclusters size and metal composition were analyzed by using the scaling energy relation EFermi/N1/3 from the spherical Jellium model. The metal nanocluster luminescent spectra were numerically simulated and correctly fitted using the bulk Fermi energy for each metal and a Gaussian nanoclusters size distribution for the samples. Our results suggest protoplasmonics photoluminescence from metal nanoclusters free of surface state or strain effects at the nanoclusters-matrix interface that can influence over their optical properties. These metal nanoclusters present very promising optical features such as bright visible photoluminescence and photostability under strong picosecond laser excitations. Besides superlinear photoluminescence from metal nanoclusters were also observed under UV high power excitation showing a quadratic dependence on the pump power fluence.
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Miranda Mendizabal A, Vargas I, Mogollón-Pérez AS, Eguiguren P, Samico I, López J, Bertolotto F, Amarilla D, Vázquez ML, Oliver A. Care coordination across levels in Latin American public healthcare networks: cross-sectional study. Eur J Public Health 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cky214.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Camprubi L, Oliver A, Oliván J, Valero O, Frías C, Domènech X, Arias LC, Olmos C. Alcohol, gender and teenagers: risk consumption, beliefs, and peer consumption in Barcelona province. Eur J Public Health 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cky218.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Russo A, Falcone M, Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez B, Calbo E, Almirante B, Viale PL, Oliver A, Ruiz-Garbajosa P, Gasch O, Gozalo M, Pitout J, Akova M, Peña C, Cisneros JM, Hernández-Torres A, Farcomeni A, Prim N, Origüen J, Bou G, Tacconelli E, Tumbarello M, Hamprecht A, Karaiskos I, de la Calle C, Pérez F, Schwaber MJ, Bermejo J, Lowman W, Hsueh PR, Mora-Rillo M, Rodriguez-Gomez J, Souli M, Bonomo RA, Paterson DL, Carmeli Y, Pascual A, Rodríguez-Baño J, Venditti M. Predictors of outcome in patients with severe sepsis or septic shock due to extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2018; 52:577-585. [PMID: 29969692 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2018.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE There are few data in the literature regarding sepsis or septic shock due to extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae (E). The aim of this study was to assess predictors of outcome in septic patients with bloodstream infection (BSI) caused by ESBL-E. METHODS Patients with severe sepsis or septic shock and BSI due to ESBL-E were selected from the INCREMENT database. The primary endpoint of the study was the evaluation of predictors of outcome after 30 days from development of severe sepsis or septic shock due to ESBL-E infection. Three cohorts were created for analysis: global, empirical-therapy and targeted-therapy cohorts. RESULTS 367 septic patients were analysed. Overall mortality was 43.9% at 30 days. Escherichia coli (62.4%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (27.2%) were the most frequent isolates. β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor (BLBLI) combinations were the most empirically used drug (43.6%), followed by carbapenems (29.4%). Empirical therapy was active in vitro in 249 (67.8%) patients, and escalation of antibiotic therapy was reported in 287 (78.2%) patients. Cox regression analysis showed that age, Charlson Comorbidity Index, McCabe classification, Pitt bacteremia score, abdominal source of infection and escalation of antibiotic therapy were independently associated with 30-day mortality. No differences in survival were reported in patients treated with BLBLI combinations or carbapenems in empirical or definitive therapy. CONCLUSIONS BSI due to ESBL-E in patients who developed severe sepsis or septic shock was associated with high 30-day mortality. Comorbidities, severity scores, source of infection and antibiotic therapy escalation were important determinants of unfavorable outcome.
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Grau E, Oliver A, Félez J, Barceló P, Fernandez C, Ballarin JA, Fontcuberta J, Rutilant MLI. Plasma and Urinary Heparin Cofactor II Levels in Patients with Nephrotic Syndrome. Thromb Haemost 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1647017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
SummaryHeparin cofactor II (HC II) levels were measured by electroimmunoassay in plasmas and urines from 68 patients with nephrotic syndrome. In addition, antithrombin III (AT III) and protein C (PC) activities and antigens were measured also in the same group of patients. Seven of these patients had histories of thrombosis. Plasma HC II levels (mean ± SD 105 ± 43) were not different from levels in healthy subjects (94 ± 17). Only 5 patients had low plasma levels of HC II. None of the patients with thrombosis had low HC II levels. Even though measurable amounts of HC II were found in 25 urines from 50 patients. There was a relationship in the urinary excretion between HC II and AT III and their urinary clearances were quite similar. However, no correlation was found between plasma HC II and AT III levels, and levels of AT III activity and antigen were significantly lower than in healthy subjects. Three patients with hystories of thrombosis had low AT III levels. Most patients (including those with thrombosis histories) had high plasma PC levels and increased urinary loss.It is suggested that HC II does not play an important role in the pathogenesis of thrombosis in nephrotic syndrome.
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Audenaerde JV, Scheidt BV, Unsworth A, Marcq E, Oliver A, Slaney C, Darcy P, Peeters M, Kershaw M, Smits E. PO-417 Anti-tumoural effects of IL-15 and CD40 stimulation as a novel combination immunotherapy for pancreatic cancer. ESMO Open 2018. [DOI: 10.1136/esmoopen-2018-eacr25.928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Morro A, Canals V, Oliver A, Alomar ML, Galan-Prado F, Ballester PJ, Rossello JL. A Stochastic Spiking Neural Network for Virtual Screening. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NEURAL NETWORKS AND LEARNING SYSTEMS 2018; 29:1371-1375. [PMID: 28186913 DOI: 10.1109/tnnls.2017.2657601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Virtual screening (VS) has become a key computational tool in early drug design and screening performance is of high relevance due to the large volume of data that must be processed to identify molecules with the sought activity-related pattern. At the same time, the hardware implementations of spiking neural networks (SNNs) arise as an emerging computing technique that can be applied to parallelize processes that normally present a high cost in terms of computing time and power. Consequently, SNN represents an attractive alternative to perform time-consuming processing tasks, such as VS. In this brief, we present a smart stochastic spiking neural architecture that implements the ultrafast shape recognition (USR) algorithm achieving two order of magnitude of speed improvement with respect to USR software implementations. The neural system is implemented in hardware using field-programmable gate arrays allowing a highly parallelized USR implementation. The results show that, due to the high parallelization of the system, millions of compounds can be checked in reasonable times. From these results, we can state that the proposed architecture arises as a feasible methodology to efficiently enhance time-consuming data-mining processes such as 3-D molecular similarity search.
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Roth F, Jarmin S, Oliver A, Nguyen N, Chappell A, Harish P, Cordova G, Cappellari O, Lainé J, Guily JLS, Perie S, Malerba A, Butler-Browne G, Dickson G, Trollet C. Nuclear PABPN1 aggregates in OPMD: correlation study and therapy. Neuromuscul Disord 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2017.06.394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Llobet D, Tirado I, Vilalta N, Vallvé C, Oliver A, Vázquez-Santiago M, Mateo J, Millón J, Fontcuberta J, Souto JC. Low ADAMTS13 levels are associated with venous thrombosis risk in women. Thromb Res 2017; 157:38-40. [PMID: 28692838 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/01/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Ujam OT, Ogbonna OC, Oliver A, Ume JI, Janusson E, Chime CC. Crystal structure of 4-hydroxy-6-methyl-3-[(1E)-1-(2-phenylhydrazinylidene)ethyl]-2H-pyran-2-one. J STRUCT CHEM+ 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022476617030325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Mata C, Oliver A, Lalande A, Walker P, Martí J. On the Use of XML in Medical Imaging Web-Based Applications. Ing Rech Biomed 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.irbm.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Oliver A, Allen KR, Taylor J. Trace element concentrations in patients on home enteral feeding: two cases of severe copper deficiency. Ann Clin Biochem 2016; 42:136-40. [PMID: 15829124 DOI: 10.1258/0004563053492829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background: Enteral feeding is the fastest growing area of artificial nutrition, with the annual rate of growth being estimated at 20-25% a year. Previous studies have demonstrated trace element deficiencies in patients on long-term home enteral nutrition (HEN). Methods: The trace elements zinc, selenium, copper and manganese were measured in blood samples from 37 patients on HEN using atomic absorption spectroscopy. Results: Plasma zinc concentrations (range 7.4-14.4 µmol/L) were below the reference range (12.6-22.0 µmol/L) in 30 patients, plasma selenium concentrations (range 0.73-1.76 µmol/L) were below the reference range (0.8-2.0 µmol/L) in only one patient. Whole blood manganese (range 74-309 nmol/L) and plasma manganese (range 13-51 nmol/L) were above both respective reference ranges (73-210 nmol/L and 9-24 nmol/L) in four patients. Two patients showed severely low plasma copper concentrations of 2.4 µmol/L and 2.5 µmol/L, and responded to treatment with extra copper supplementation. Conclusion: Although enteral feeds contain adequate concentrations of trace elements, problems with bioavailability may occur and patients receiving long-term enteral feeding should be monitored with regard to plasma trace element concentrations.
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Mooney ME, Schmitz JM, Allen S, Grabowski J, Pentel P, Oliver A, Hatsukami DK. Bupropion and naltrexone for smoking cessation: A double-blind randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2016; 100:344-52. [PMID: 27213949 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Combination of non-nicotine pharmacotherapies has been underexamined for cigarette smoking cessation. A randomized, double-blind, parallel-group double-dummy study evaluated two medications, bupropion (BUP) and naltrexone (NTX), in treatment-seeking cigarette smokers (N = 121) over a 7-week treatment intervention with 6-month follow-up. Smokers were randomized to either BUP (300 mg/day) + placebo (PBO) or BUP (300 mg/day) + NTX (50 mg/day). The primary outcome was biochemically verified (saliva cotinine, carbon monoxide) 7-day, point-prevalence abstinence. BUP + NTX was associated with significantly higher point-prevalence abstinence rates after 7-weeks of treatment (BUP + NTX, 54.1%; BUP + PBO, 33.3%), P = 0.0210, but not at 6-month follow-up (BUP + NTX, 27.9%; BUP + PBO, 15.0%), P = 0.09. Continuous abstinence rates did not differ, P = 0.0740 (BUP + NTX, 26.2%; BUP + PBO, 13.3%). Those receiving BUP + NTX reported reduced nicotine withdrawal, P = 0.0364. The BUP + NTX combination was associated with elevated rates of some side effects, but with no significant difference in retention between the groups.
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Cabezas M, Corral JF, Oliver A, Díez Y, Tintoré M, Auger C, Montalban X, Lladó X, Pareto D, Rovira À. Improved Automatic Detection of New T2 Lesions in Multiple Sclerosis Using Deformation Fields. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2016; 37:1816-1823. [PMID: 27282863 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a4829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Detection of disease activity, defined as new/enlarging T2 lesions on brain MR imaging, has been proposed as a biomarker in MS. However, detection of new/enlarging T2 lesions can be hindered by several factors that can be overcome with image subtraction. The purpose of this study was to improve automated detection of new T2 lesions and reduce user interaction to eliminate inter- and intraobserver variability. MATERIALS AND METHODS Multiparametric brain MR imaging was performed at 2 time points in 36 patients with new T2 lesions. Images were registered by using an affine transformation and the Demons algorithm to obtain a deformation field. After affine registration, images were subtracted and a threshold was applied to obtain a lesion mask, which was then refined by using the deformation field, intensity, and local information. This pipeline was compared with only applying a threshold, and with a state-of-the-art approach relying only on image intensities. To assess improvements, we compared the results of the different pipelines with the expert visual detection. RESULTS The multichannel pipeline based on the deformation field obtained a detection Dice similarity coefficient close to 0.70, with a false-positive detection of 17.8% and a true-positive detection of 70.9%. A statistically significant correlation (r = 0.81, P value = 2.2688e-09) was found between visual detection and automated detection by using our approach. CONCLUSIONS The deformation field-based approach proposed in this study for detecting new/enlarging T2 lesions resulted in significantly fewer false-positives while maintaining most true-positives and showed a good correlation with visual detection annotations. This approach could reduce user interaction and inter- and intraobserver variability.
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Mason BW, Edwards ED, Oliver A, Powell CVE. Cohort study to test the predictability of the NHS Institute for Innovation and Improvement Paediatric Early Warning System. Arch Dis Child 2016; 101:552-555. [PMID: 26893519 DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2015-308465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test the predictability of the National Health Service Institute for Innovation and Improvement (NHSIII) Paediatric Early Warning System (PEWS) score to identify children at risk of developing critical illness. DESIGN Cohort study. SETTING Admissions to all paediatric wards at the University Hospital of Wales between 1 December 2005 and 30 November 2006. OUTCOME MEASURES Unscheduled paediatric high dependency unit (PHDU) admission, paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission and death. RESULTS There were 9075 clinical observations from 1000 children. An NHSIII PEWS score of 2 or more, which triggers review, has a sensitivity of 73.2% (95% CI 62.2% to 82.4%), specificity of 75.2% (95% CI 74.3% to 76.1%), positive predictive value (PPV) of 2.6% (95% CI 2.0% to 3.4%), negative predictive value of 99.7% (95% CI 99.5% to 99.8%) and positive likelihood ratio of 3.0 (95% CI 2.6 to 3.4) for predicting PHDU admission, PICU admission or death. Six (37.5%) of the 16 children with an adverse outcome did not have an abnormal NHSIII PEWS score. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the NHSIII PEWS score was 0.83 (95% CI 0.77 to 0.88). CONCLUSIONS The NHSIII PEWS has a low PPV and its full implementation would result in a large number of false positive triggers. The issue with PEWS scores or triggers is neither their sensitivity nor children with high scores which require clinical interventions who are not 'false positives'; but their low specificity and low PPV arising from the large number of children with low but raised scores.
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Couce A, Alonso-Rodriguez N, Costas C, Oliver A, Blázquez J. Intrapopulation variability in mutator prevalence among urinary tract infection isolates of Escherichia coli. Clin Microbiol Infect 2016; 22:566.e1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2016.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Can-Uc B, Rangel-Rojo R, Peña-Ramírez A, de Araújo CB, Baltar HTMCM, Crespo-Sosa A, Garcia-Betancourt ML, Oliver A. Nonlinear optical response of platinum nanoparticles and platinum ions embedded in sapphire. OPTICS EXPRESS 2016; 24:9955-9965. [PMID: 27137605 DOI: 10.1364/oe.24.009955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We report on the fabrication of sapphire samples containing platinum nanoparticles (Pt-NPs) and platinum ions (Pt-ions) and the investigation of their third-order nonlinear (NL) optical properties. The presence of Pt-NPs was confirmed by electronic microscopy and by the linear absorption spectrum that shows a localized surface plasmon band centered at 290 nm. A sample without NPs but containing Pt-ions was also studied. The absorptive and refractive contributions to the nonlinearity were studied using the z-scan technique with 100 fs pulses at 800nm. The experiments revealed a NL refractive index, +3.8×10-13 < n2 < +1.3×10-12cm2/W and NL absorption coefficient (β < 9.3 cm/GW). The results show enhancement of about five orders of magnitude with respect to the NL refractive index of sapphire.
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