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Dooley M, Peebles E, Zhai W, Mejia L, Zumwalt C, Corzo A. Effects of l-carnitine via in ovo injection with or without l-carnitine feed supplementation on broiler hatchability and posthatch performance. J APPL POULTRY RES 2011. [DOI: 10.3382/japr.2010-00280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Loar II RE, Corzo A. Effects of varying levels of distillers dried grains with solubles on growth performance of broiler chicks. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2011. [DOI: 10.1590/s1516-635x2011000400010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Corzo A, Dozier W, Mejia L, Zumwalt C, Kidd M, Tillman P. Nutritional feasibility of l-valine inclusion in commercial broiler diets. J APPL POULTRY RES 2011. [DOI: 10.3382/japr.2010-00233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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García-Robledo E, Corzo A. Effects of macroalgal blooms on carbon and nitrogen biogeochemical cycling in photoautotrophic sediments: an experimental mesocosm. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2011; 62:1550-1556. [PMID: 21550070 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2010] [Revised: 03/24/2011] [Accepted: 03/31/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The effects of floating macroalgae (250 g DW m(-2)) on photoautotrophic microbenthos were studied in a flow-through mesocosm with a parallel mesocosm without macroalgae serving as Control. Vertical microprofiles of O(2) at the sediment-water interface showed a immediate and complete suppression of photosynthetic activity of microphytobenthos (MPB) under the macroalgal canopy, resulting in a shift of benthic metabolism from autotrophic to heterotrophic. MPB abundance and chlorophyll a content decreased and a change from a diatom-dominated to cyanobacteria-dominated community was observed. Inorganic nitrogen nutrients' concentrations increased in the porewater as a result of the inhibition of MPB nutrient demand, leading to an increase in net ammonification and anaerobic NO(x)(-) consumption rates. No organic matter transfer from macroalgae to the sediment was detected, resulting in a net consumption of the carbon and nitrogen stored in the sediment. In consequence, sediment was progressively impoverished in nitrogen, reducing sediment nutrient regeneration.
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López KP, Schilling MW, Corzo A. Broiler genetic strain and sex effects on meat characteristics. Poult Sci 2011; 90:1105-11. [PMID: 21489961 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2010-01154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A randomized complete block design within a factorial arrangement of treatments was used to evaluate the effect of strain and sex on carcass characteristics, meat quality, and sensory acceptability. Two broiler strains were reared: a commercially available strain (strain A) and a strain currently in the test phase (strain B) that has been genetically selected to maximize breast yield. Broilers were harvested in a pilot scale processing plant using commercial prototype equipment at 42 d of age. Carcasses were deboned at 4 h postmortem. The left half of each breast was evaluated for pH, color, cooking loss, shear force, and proximate analysis. The right side of each breast was used for consumer acceptability testing. Thigh meat was evaluated for proximate composition. No interactions were observed throughout the study. Male broilers had a higher (P < 0.05) live BW, carcass weight, and breast weight and lower (P < 0.05) dressing percentage and breast meat yield when compared with females. Broilers from strain B presented a higher (P < 0.05) breast yield and dressing percentage than those broilers corresponding to the commercially available broiler strain. At 24 h postmortem, female broilers presented a lower ultimate pH and higher Commission internationale de l'éclairage yellowness values (ventral side of the pectoralis major) when compared with male broilers. On average, no differences existed (P > 0.05) among treatments with respect to pH decline, cooking loss, shear values, and proximate composition. In addition, no differences (P > 0.05) existed among breast meat from the different strains with respect to consumer acceptability of appearance, texture, flavor, and overall acceptability, but breast meat from strain B was slightly preferred (P < 0.05) over that of strain A with respect to aroma. However, breast meat from both strains received scores in the range of "like slightly to like moderately." Overall data suggest that all treatments yielded high quality breast and thigh meat and strain cross did not present variability in terms of consumer acceptability.
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Corzo A, Loar IIRE, Kidd MT, Burgess SC. Dietary protein effects on growth performance, carcass traits and expression of selected jejunal peptide and amino acid transporters in broiler chickens. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2011. [DOI: 10.1590/s1516-635x2011000200008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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32
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Dozier W, Gehring C, Corzo A, Olanrewaju H. Apparent metabolizable energy needs of male and female broilers from 36 to 47 days of age. Poult Sci 2011; 90:804-14. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2010-01132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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33
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Dozier WA, Corzo A, Kidd MT, Tillman PB, Branton SL. Determination of the fourth and fifth limiting amino acids in broilers fed on diets containing maize, soybean meal and poultry by-product meal from 28 to 42 d of age. Br Poult Sci 2011; 52:238-44. [PMID: 21491247 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2011.561282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
1. Valine (Val) is considered the 4th limiting amino acid for broilers fed on diets containing ingredients from vegetable origin. However, Val and Isoleucine (Ile) may be co-limiting for broilers fed on diets containing animal protein meals. An experiment was conducted to examine growth responses and meat yield of broilers provided diets varying in digestible Val (dVal) and digestible Ile (dIle) concentrations from 28 to 42 d of age. 2. Eight experimental diets varying in dVal (dVal to dLys ratios from 0·66 to 0·76) and dIle (dIle to dLys ratios from 0·57 to 0·67) were studied; digestible Lysine (Lys) was formulated to 9·9 g/kg in all diets. 3. Broilers fed on a negative control (NC) diet supplemented with crystalline Val (L-Val) and crystalline Ile (L-Ile), dVal to dLys = 0·76 and dIle to dLys = 0·67, grew faster and had higher breast meat yield than birds fed on NC + L-Ile (dVal to dLys = 0·66 and dIle to dLys = 0·67), NC + L-Val (dVal to dLys = 0·76 and dIle to dLys = 0·57), and NC + reduced L-Val and L-Ile (dVal to dLys = 0·71 and dIle to dLys = 0·62). 4. Feeding broilers on the NC + L-Val and L-Ile (dVal to dLys = 0·76 and dIle to dLys = 0·67) diets gave similar BW gain, carcase weight and yield and total breast meat weight and yield to birds fed on the positive control-fed broilers with no added L-Val and L-Ile (dVal to dLys = 0·76 and dIle to dLys = 0·67). 5. These results indicate that Val and Ile are co-limiting in diets containing poultry by-product meal.
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Lilly R, Schilling M, Silva J, Martin J, Corzo A. The effects of dietary amino acid density in broiler feed on carcass characteristics and meat quality. J APPL POULTRY RES 2011. [DOI: 10.3382/japr.2010-00222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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35
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Corzo A, Mejia L, Loar R. Effect of pellet quality on various broiler production parameters. J APPL POULTRY RES 2011. [DOI: 10.3382/japr.2010-00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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36
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Loar RE, Moritz JS, Donaldson JR, Corzo A. Effects of feeding distillers dried grains with solubles to broilers from 0 to 28 days posthatch on broiler performance, feed manufacturing efficiency, and selected intestinal characteristics. Poult Sci 2010; 89:2242-50. [PMID: 20852115 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2010-00894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of 2 levels (0 vs. 8%) of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) in a starter broiler diet (0 to 14 d; 45 replicates/treatment) after these same birds were subsequently fed a grower diet (14 to 28 d) with either 0, 7.5, 15, 22.5, or 30% DDGS (9 replicates/treatment). Ross×Ross 308 male broilers were used in this experiment, and evaluation criteria consisted of feed mill parameters, broiler growth, relative liver weight, ileal viscosity, and cecal content count of Clostridium perfringens and Escherichia coli analyzed by both selective media and real-time PCR. Increased inclusion of DDGS resulted in a nonlinear response for production rate (P<0.05), conditioner energy usage (P<0.01), and pellet mill energy usage (P<0.05). Increasing DDGS resulted in a linear decrease in pellet quality (P<0.001) and an increase (P<0.001) in total fines. Inclusion of DDGS decreased (P<0.001) energy usage at the pellet mill and decreased (P<0.05) bulk density of the diets. The DDGS levels fed during the starter phase (0 vs. 8%) had no effect on the broilers at 14 or at 28 d of age. Increasing DDGS inclusion levels during the grower phase resulted in a linear decrease (P<0.001) in BW gain and liver relative weight (P<0.001). A DDGS starter×grower interaction (P<0.05) was observed for feed consumption, in which birds that consumed no DDGS during the starter phase exhibited a decrease in feed consumption with the higher inclusion levels of DDGS during the grower phase, whereas birds that received 8% DDGS during the starter phase were unaffected by DDGS inclusion level in the grower phase. Feed conversion, mortality, ileal viscosity, and cecal C. perfringens and E. coli concentrations were unaffected by DDGS level in the grower diet. The feed intake response suggests a beneficial effect of exposing broiler chicks to DDGS if inclusion levels of 22.5% or higher are to be fed after 14 d of age. However, the data suggest that the young broiler can be negatively affected with inclusion levels of 15% DDGS or higher up to 28 d of age.
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Everett D, Corzo A, Dozier W, Tillman P, Kidd M. Lysine and threonine responses in Ross TP16 male broilers. J APPL POULTRY RES 2010. [DOI: 10.3382/japr.2010-00152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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38
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Dozier W, Corzo A, Kidd M, Tillman P, McMurtry J, Branton S. Digestible lysine requirements of male broilers from 28 to 42 days of age. Poult Sci 2010; 89:2173-82. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2010-00710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Sekhon R, Schilling M, Phillips T, Aikins M, Hasan M, Corzo A, Mikel W. Effects of phosphine and methyl bromide fumigation on the volatile flavor profile and sensory quality of dry cured ham. Meat Sci 2010; 86:411-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2010.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2009] [Revised: 04/23/2010] [Accepted: 05/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Corzo A, Schilling M, Loar R, Mejia L, Barbosa L, Kidd M. Responses of Cobb × Cobb 500 broilers to dietary amino acid density regimens. J APPL POULTRY RES 2010. [DOI: 10.3382/japr.2010-00172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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41
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Corzo A, Dozier WA, Loar RE, Kidd MT, Tillman PB. Dietary limitation of isoleucine and valine in diets based on maize, soybean meal, and meat and bone meal for broiler chickens. Br Poult Sci 2010; 51:558-63. [PMID: 20924851 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2010.507242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
1. The dietary limitation of isoleucine (Ile) and valine (Val) was evaluated in broilers. Common diets were given to all broilers from 0 to 28 d of age. Experimental diets were provided from 28 to 42 d of age. 2. The experimental test diet was based primarily on maize, soybean meal, and meat and bone meal, and formulated to satisfy all nutrient recommendations with the exception of Ile and Val. 3. Diets were supplemented with L-Ile and L-Val at either 0·5 or 1·0 g kg⁻¹ of diet, alone or in combination. A diet composed only of commercially available amino acids and formulated to satisfy all nutrient requirements served as a positive control. 4. Body weight gain was depressed by the test diet, but recovered to a weight similar to birds fed on the positive control when Val was added to the test diet either alone or in combination with Ile. Feed efficiency improved when Val and Ile were simultaneously supplemented. 5. Abdominal fat yield was reduced with the combined supplementation of Val and Ile. Breast meat yield appeared to be more sensitive to Ile supplementation than to Val. 6. The results suggest that live performance may be more sensitive to Val, while breast meat yield was maximised with Ile supplementation. However, their combination is required for optimised growth and meat yield.
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Herber DL, Cao W, Nefedova Y, Novitskiy SV, Nagaraj S, Tyurin VA, Corzo A, Cho HI, Celis E, Lennox B, Knight SC, Padhya T, McCaffrey TV, McCaffrey JC, Antonia S, Fishman M, Ferris RL, Kagan VE, Gabrilovich DI. Lipid accumulation and dendritic cell dysfunction in cancer. Nat Med 2010; 16:880-6. [PMID: 20622859 PMCID: PMC2917488 DOI: 10.1038/nm.2172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 496] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2009] [Accepted: 05/27/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Professional antigen presenting cells, dendritic cells (DC) are responsible for initiation and maintenance of immune responses. Here, we report that a substantial proportion of DCs in tumor-bearing mice and cancer patients have increased levels of triglycerides. Lipid accumulation in DCs was caused by increased uptake of extracellular lipids due to up-regulation of scavenger receptor A. DCs with high lipid content were not able to effectively stimulate allogeneic T cells or present tumor-associated antigens. DCs with high and normal lipid levels did not differ in expression of MHC and co-stimulatory molecules. However, lipid-laden DCs had reduced capacity to process antigens. Pharmacological normalization of lipid levels in DCs with an inhibitor of acetyl-CoA carboxylase restored the functional activity of DCs and substantially enhanced the effects of a cancer vaccine. These findings support the regulation of immune responses in cancer by manipulation of lipid levels in DCs.
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Keralapurath M, Corzo A, Pulikanti R, Zhai W, Peebles E. Effects of in ovo injection of L-carnitine on hatchability and subsequent broiler performance and slaughter yield. Poult Sci 2010; 89:1497-501. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2009-00551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Schilling M, Battula V, Loar II R, Jackson V, Kin S, Corzo A. Erratum to “Dietary inclusion level effects of distillers dried grains with solubles on broiler meat quality” (Poult. Sci. 89:752–760). Poult Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2010-89-7-1571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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45
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Schilling MW, Battula V, Loar RE, Jackson V, Kin S, Corzo A. Dietary inclusion level effects of distillers dried grains with solubles on broiler meat quality. Poult Sci 2010; 89:752-60. [PMID: 20308408 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2009-00385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A completely randomized design with 7 replications (n = 7, treatments = 5 with 8 subsamples per treatment) was used to evaluate the effects of feeding various levels of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS; 0, 6, 12, 18, and 24%) on broiler breast and thigh meat quality. Broilers were harvested in a pilot scale processing plant with commercial prototype equipment at 42 d of age. The right half of each breast was evaluated for pH, instrumental color, cooking loss, proximate analysis, and tenderness. The left half of each breast was used for consumer acceptability testing. Thigh meat was evaluated for proximate composition, fatty acid composition, and TBA reactive substances. Breast meat from broilers that were fed DDGS had a higher (P < 0.05) pH than those from the control diet. In addition, the 18 and 24% DDGS treatments yielded breast meat with higher (P < 0.05) pH values than the 6% DDGS treatment. No differences existed (P > 0.05) among breast meat from the different treatments with respect to cooking loss, instrumental color, and consumer acceptability, but breast meat from the control (0% DDGS) treatment had slightly lower (P < 0.05) shear force than breast meat from the 18 and 24% DDGS treatments. In addition, no differences (P > 0.05) existed among proximate composition of breast and thigh meat from the control and DDGS treatments. As DDGS concentration increased, there was a linear increase (P < 0.05) in linoleic and polyunsaturated fatty acids, which indicates a greater potential for lipid oxidation. The TBA reactive substances values were greater (P < 0.05) for the 18 and 24% DDGS treatments at d 5 when compared with the control and 6% DDGS treatments, which indicates increased oxidation. Overall, data suggest that all treatments yielded high-quality breast meat and that thigh meat quality was similar among treatments containing 0 to 12% DDGS, but higher inclusion levels led to thigh meat that was more susceptible to oxidation.
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dos Santos T, Corzo A, Kidd M, McDaniel C, Torres Filho R, Araújo L. Influence of in ovo inoculation with various nutrients and egg size on broiler performance. J APPL POULTRY RES 2010. [DOI: 10.3382/japr.2009-00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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47
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Loar R, Schilling M, McDaniel C, Coufal C, Rogers S, Karges K, Corzo A. Effect of dietary inclusion level of distillers dried grains with solubles on layer performance, egg characteristics, and consumer acceptability. J APPL POULTRY RES 2010. [DOI: 10.3382/japr.2009-00072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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48
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Keralapurath M, Keirs R, Corzo A, Bennett L, Pulikanti R, Peebles E. Effects of in ovo injection ofl-carnitine on subsequent broiler chick tissue nutrient profiles. Poult Sci 2010; 89:335-41. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2009-00333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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49
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Dozier W, Corzo A, Kidd M, Tillman P, Purswell J, Kerr B. Digestible lysine responses of male broilers from 14 to 28 days of age subjected to different environmental conditions. J APPL POULTRY RES 2009. [DOI: 10.3382/japr.2009-00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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50
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Corzo A. Spanish poultry education: assisting the needs of the poultry industry. Poult Sci 2009; 88:2457-60. [PMID: 19834100 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2009-00088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hispanic population is rising in most states in the United States, not only as an absolute value but as a proportion of the overall population of each state. Consequently, various poultry-related jobs have been increasingly filled by Hispanic personnel. However, although few problems have risen from lack of performance from these employees, in some cases, the language barrier has hindered professional development and production efficiency. As a result, various broiler integrators have suggested that we equip our undergraduate student body with some basic skills that would enable these future professionals of our industry to better communicate with Hispanic employees, both in casual conversational as well as at the technical poultry level. For that purpose, a course was recently developed and provided to our students and the results seem promising. Acceptance by our students of the technical information being conveyed was, for the most part, satisfactory and it was concluded that finding a common ground as a starting point was the most challenged area.
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