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Negroni R, Arechavala A, Mujica MT, Maiolo E, Rubio A, Schtirbu R, Santiso G, Messina F, Bianchi M. ASPERGILOSIS PULMONAR CRONICA POR Aspergillus nomius EN UNA PACIENTE CON FEOHIFOMICOSIS DISEMINADA RESISTENTE A LOS ANTIFÚNGICOS. REVISTA DE PATOLOGIA TROPICAL 2012. [DOI: 10.5216/rpt.v41i4.21713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Fioti MFV, Corti M, Arechavala A, Negroni R. PARACOCIDIOIDOMICOSIS DISEMINADA CRONICA COMO PRIMERA MANIFESTACION DE SIDA. REVISTA DE PATOLOGIA TROPICAL 2012. [DOI: 10.5216/rpt.v41i2.19333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Negroni R, Lloveras S, Arechavala A, Maiolo E, Bianchi M, Santiso G, Messina F, Lehmann E, Walker L. Problemas clínicos en micología médica: problema número 43. Rev Iberoam Micol 2012; 29:178-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.riam.2011.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2011] [Accepted: 07/19/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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Cecchini DM, Cañizal AM, Rojas H, Arechavala A, Negroni R, Bouzas MB, Benetucci JA. Kinetics of HIV-1 in cerebrospinal fluid and plasma in cryptococcal meningitis. Infect Dis Rep 2012; 4:e30. [PMID: 24470944 PMCID: PMC3892634 DOI: 10.4081/idr.2012.e30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2011] [Revised: 03/23/2012] [Accepted: 04/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to determine HIV-1 kinetics in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma in patients with cryptococcal meningitis (CM), we undertook a prospective collection of paired CSF/plasma samples from antiretroviral therapy-free HIV-infected patients with CM. Samples were obtained at baseline (S1) and at the second (S2) and third (S3) weeks of antifungal therapy. HIV-1 CSF concentrations were significantly lower in both S2 and S3 with respect to S1. Plasma concentrations remained stable. HIV-1 concentrations were higher in plasma than CSF in all cases. Patients who survived the episode of CM (but not those who died) showed a decrease in CSF viral load, what suggests different viral kinetics of HIV-1 in the CSF according to the clinical course of this opportunistic disease.
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Stopiglia CDO, Arechavala A, Carissimi M, Sorrentino JM, Aquino VR, Daboit TC, Kammler L, Negroni R, Scroferneker ML. Standardization and characterization of antigens for the diagnosis of aspergillosis. Can J Microbiol 2012; 58:455-62. [DOI: 10.1139/w2012-013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop and characterize antigens for the diagnosis of aspergillosis. Nine strains of Aspergillus species Aspergillus fumigatus , Aspergillus flavus , and Aspergillus niger were grown in Sabouraud and Smith broth to produce exoantigens. The antigens were tested by immunodiffusion against sera from patients with aspergillosis and other systemic mycoses. The protein fraction of the antigens was detected by SDS–PAGE; Western blot and representative bands were assessed by mass spectrometry coupled to a nano Acquity UltraPerformance LC and analyzed by the Mascot search engine. Concurrently, all sera were tested with Platelia Aspergillus EIA. The most reactive antigens to sera from patients infected by A. fumigatus were produced by A. fumigatus MG2 Sabouraud and pooled A. fumigatus Sabouraud samples, both with a sensitivity of 93% and specificity of 100% and 97%, respectively. Aspergillus niger and A. flavus antigens were reactive against A. niger and A. flavus sera, each one with a sensitivity and specificity of 100%. Two proteins, probably responsible for antigenic activity, β-glucosidase in A. fumigatus and α-amylase in A. niger were attained. The commercial kit had a specificity of 22%, sensitivity of 100%, positive predictive value of 48%, and negative predictive value of 100%. The antigens produced showed high sensitivity and specificity and can be exploited for diagnostics of aspergilloma.
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Santiso G, Chediak V, Maiolo E, Mujica MT, San Juan J, Arechavala A, Negroni R. [Disseminated infection due to Penicillium marneffei related to HIV infection: first observation in Argentina]. Rev Argent Microbiol 2012; 43:268-72. [PMID: 22274824 DOI: 10.1590/s0325-75412011000400006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2011] [Accepted: 08/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The first case observed in Argentina of AIDS-related human penicillosis is herein presented. The patient was a six- teen year-old young man coming from a rural area of southern China. He was admitted at the F. J. Muñiz Hospital of Buenos Aires city with severe pneumonia and adult respiratory distress. Penicillium marneffei was isolated from bronchoalveolar lavage fuid and was microscopically observed in a skin cytodiagnosis. P. marneffei identification was confirmed by rRNA amplification and its phenotypic characteristics. The patient suffered an advanced HIV infection and also presented several AIDS-related diseases due to CMV, nosocomial bacterial infections and Pneumocystis jirovecii which led to a fatal outcome.
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Relloso S, Arechavala A, Guelfand L, Maldonado I, Walker L, Agorio I, Reyes S, Giusiano G, Rojas F, Flores V, Capece P, Posse G, Nicola F, Tutzer S, Bianchi M. [Onychomycosis: multicentre epidemiological, clinical and mycological study]. Rev Iberoam Micol 2011; 29:157-63. [PMID: 22198612 DOI: 10.1016/j.riam.2011.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2011] [Accepted: 11/30/2011] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Onychomycosis accounts for up to 50% of all nail disorders. They can be caused by: yeasts, dermatophytes and non-dermatophyte moulds. OBJECTIVES AND METHODS A multicentre study designed to determine the prevalence, mycological test results, aetiological agents, and clinical presentation of onychomycosis was carried out. All fingernail and toenail samples taken during a one year period at 9 diagnostic centres were included. RESULTS A total of 5,961 samples were analysed, of which 82.3% were from toenails and 17.7% from fingernails. The mean age of the patients was 49.7 years, and 66% were females. Direct microscopic examination was positive in 61% of the samples. In adults, 61.2% of toenails were positive using potassium hydroxide (KOH), and 43.7% were positive in cultures. The prevailing aetiological agents belong to the dermatophyte group (82.8%), and distal subungual was the most common clinical form. In fingernails, direct examination showed 59.8% positive samples, and cultures were positive in 52.9%. The prevailing agents were yeasts belonging to Candida species, and onycholysis was the most common lesion. CONCLUSIONS Direct mycological examinations were positive in 61%, a higher value than that found in other series. Dermatophytes were prevalent in toenails of both sexes, and in finger nails yeast were prevalent in females, and dermatophytes in males. Non-dermatophyte moulds corresponded to 4.8% of toenail and 2.05% of fingernails isolates.
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Walker L, Bianchi M, Maiolo E, Arechavala A, Santiso G, Messina F, Lehmann E, Schtirbu R, Negroni R. [Clinical problems in medical mycology: problem number 44]. Rev Iberoam Micol 2011; 29:181-3. [PMID: 21872674 DOI: 10.1016/j.riam.2011.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2011] [Accepted: 07/19/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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34
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Negroni R, Arechavala A, Maiolo E, Bianchi M, Santiso G, Lehmann E. [Clinical problems in medical mycology: problem number 41]. Rev Iberoam Micol 2010; 28:53-5. [PMID: 21167296 DOI: 10.1016/j.riam.2010.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2010] [Accepted: 10/29/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Negroni R, Arechavala A, Maiolo E, Bianchi M, Santiso G. Problemas clínicos en micología médica: problema número 40. Rev Iberoam Micol 2010; 27:148-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.riam.2010.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2010] [Accepted: 01/11/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Metta H, Corti M, Redini L, Bruggesser F, Arechavala A, Negroni R, Veliz L. Renal abscess due to Aspergillus fumigatus as the only sign of disseminated aspergillosis in a patient with AIDS. Rev Iberoam Micol 2010; 27:136-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.riam.2009.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2009] [Accepted: 09/17/2009] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Corti M, Trione N, Villafañe MF, Muzzio E, Arechavala A, Maiolo E, Negroni R. Problemas clínicos en micología médica: Problema número 39. Rev Iberoam Micol 2010; 27:144-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.riam.2010.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2010] [Accepted: 01/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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38
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Alfonso C, López M, Arechavala A, Perrone MDC, Guelfand L, Bianchi M. [Presumptive identification of Candida spp. and other clinically important yeasts: usefulness of Brilliance Candida Agar]. Rev Iberoam Micol 2010; 27:90-3. [PMID: 20346288 DOI: 10.1016/j.riam.2010.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2009] [Revised: 12/09/2009] [Accepted: 01/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal infections caused by yeasts have increased during the last decades and invasive forms represent a serious problem for human health. Candida albicans is the species most frequently isolated from clinical samples. However, other emerging yeast pathogens are increasingly responsible for mycotic infections, and some of them are resistant to some antifungal drugs. Consequently, it is necessary to have methods that can provide a rapid presumptive identification at species level. Numerous chromogenic agar media have been shown to be of value as diagnostic tools. We have compared a chromogenic medium, Brilliance Candida Agar, with CHROMagar Candida, the chromogenic medium most used in our country. A multicentre study was conducted in 16 Hospitals belonging to the Mycology Net of Buenos Aires City Government. A total of 240 yeast isolates were included in this research. The new chromogenic agar showed results very similar to those obtained with CHROMagar Candida.
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Cecchini D, Cañizal A, Rojas H, Arechavala A, Negroni R, Bouzas M, Benetucci J. Correlation between HIV-1 viral load and cryptococcal capsular polysaccharide concentration: Evaluation in a clinical setting. Int J Infect Dis 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2010.02.1759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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40
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Cecchini DM, Cañizal AM, Rojas H, Arechavala A, Negroni R, Bouzas MB, Benetucci JA. Variables that influence HIV-1 cerebrospinal fluid viral load in cryptococcal meningitis: a linear regression analysis. J Int AIDS Soc 2009; 12:33. [PMID: 19906308 PMCID: PMC2788346 DOI: 10.1186/1758-2652-12-33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2009] [Accepted: 11/11/2009] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The central nervous system is considered a sanctuary site for HIV-1 replication. Variables associated with HIV cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) viral load in the context of opportunistic CNS infections are poorly understood. Our objective was to evaluate the relation between: (1) CSF HIV-1 viral load and CSF cytological and biochemical characteristics (leukocyte count, protein concentration, cryptococcal antigen titer); (2) CSF HIV-1 viral load and HIV-1 plasma viral load; and (3) CSF leukocyte count and the peripheral blood CD4+ T lymphocyte count. Methods Our approach was to use a prospective collection and analysis of pre-treatment, paired CSF and plasma samples from antiretroviral-naive HIV-positive patients with cryptococcal meningitis and assisted at the Francisco J Muñiz Hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina (period: 2004 to 2006). We measured HIV CSF and plasma levels by polymerase chain reaction using the Cobas Amplicor HIV-1 Monitor Test version 1.5 (Roche). Data were processed with Statistix 7.0 software (linear regression analysis). Results Samples from 34 patients were analyzed. CSF leukocyte count showed statistically significant correlation with CSF HIV-1 viral load (r = 0.4, 95% CI = 0.13-0.63, p = 0.01). No correlation was found with the plasma viral load, CSF protein concentration and cryptococcal antigen titer. A positive correlation was found between peripheral blood CD4+ T lymphocyte count and the CSF leukocyte count (r = 0.44, 95% CI = 0.125-0.674, p = 0.0123). Conclusion Our study suggests that CSF leukocyte count influences CSF HIV-1 viral load in patients with meningitis caused by Cryptococcus neoformans.
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Maiolo E, Negroni R, Arechavala A, Santiso G, Bianchi M, Schiavelli R. [Clinical problems in medical mycology: problem #37]. Rev Iberoam Micol 2009; 26:161-4. [PMID: 19631168 DOI: 10.1016/s1130-1406(09)70029-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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42
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Finquelievich JL, Negroni R, Arechavala A. Treatment with Itraconazole of Experimental Coccidioidomycosis in the Wistar Rat/Itraconazol-Behandlung der experimentellen Coccidioidomykose an Wistar-Ratten. Mycoses 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0507.1988.tb03860.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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43
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Negroni R, Robles AM, Arechavala A, Taborda A. Itraconazole in Human Histoplasmosis: Itraconazol bei Histoplasmose des Menschen. Mycoses 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0507.1989.tb02219.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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44
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Cecchini DM, Cañizal AM, Rojas H, Arechavala A, Negroni R, Bouzas MB, Benetucci JA. Variables that influence HIV-1 cerebrospinal fluid viral load in cryptococcal meningitis: a linear regression analysis. J Int AIDS Soc 2009. [DOI: 10.1186/1758-2652-2-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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45
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Negroni R, Arechavala A, Bonvehí P. Problemas clínicos en Micología Médica: problema n° 35. Rev Iberoam Micol 2008; 25:257-9. [DOI: 10.1016/s1130-1406(08)70061-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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46
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Pineda G, Scollo K, Santiso G, Lehmann E, Arechavala A. [Isolation of Candida dubliniensis in different clinical samples. Analysis of phenotypical methods to differentiate it from Candida albicans]. Rev Argent Microbiol 2008; 40:211-217. [PMID: 19213243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to estimate the frequence of Candida dubliniensis in clinical samples in F. J. Muñiz Infectious Diseases Hospital, a total of 388 yeasts from September 2005 to August 2007. There were 212 isolates which presented a green color on CHROMagar Candida medium and produced germ tubes and chlamidoconidiae in milk-agar; so as to distinguish whether they corresponded to Candida albicans or C. dubliniensis, different phenotypical methods were utilized. It was also evaluated the usefulness of each one in order to suggest a simple, economic and reliable identification algorithm. Each isolate was subcultured in two chromogenic media and then, the following determinations were done: chlamidospores production in Staib-agar, tomato-carrot-agar and tobacco-agar, colonies macromorphology was also studied in the last medium; opacity-test in Tween 80-CaCl2 agar (lipase activity), growing capacity at 45 degrees C, and D-xylose assimilation. Thirteen strains (6.1%) corresponded to C. dubliniensis. The difference in color between both species on chromogenic media was not so stressed as it is pointed out in some works. The more specific and sensitive tests were the ability to grow at 45 degrees C, D-xylose assimilation, color and macroscopic appearance in tobacco-agar. Between 11.6% and 15.1% of C. albicans strains produced chlamidoconidiae in the 3 differential media tested. The opacity halo (lipase) was evident in 95.6% of C. albicans isolates but 2 out of 13 C. dubliniensis also presented precipitation halo. We consider that at least 3 different phenotypical methods should be used to distinguish properly these two species since none of the tests is absolutely sensitive or specific.
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Negroni R, Maiolo EI, Duré R, Schtirbu R, Arechavala A. Problemas clínicos en Micología Médica: problema n° 34. Rev Iberoam Micol 2008; 25:199-201. [DOI: 10.1016/s1130-1406(08)70048-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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48
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Corti M, Trione N, Semorile K, Palmieri O, Negroni R, Arechavala A. Neumonía cavitada por Cryptococcus neoformans en un paciente con sida. Rev Iberoam Micol 2008; 25:41-4. [DOI: 10.1016/s1130-1406(08)70010-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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49
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Negroni R, Bonvehi P, Arechavala A. [History and description of Microsporum fulvum, a valid species of this genus discovered in Argentina]. Rev Argent Microbiol 2008; 40:47. [PMID: 18669053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
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50
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Cecchini DM, Cañizal AM, Rojas H, Arechavala A, Negroni R, Bouzas MB, Benetucci J. Peripheral blood CD4+ T-lymphocyte count influences cerebrospinal fluid cellular response in patients with HIV-related cryptococcal meningitis. J Int AIDS Soc 2008. [DOI: 10.1186/1758-2652-11-s1-p252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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