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Jafurulla M, Chattopadhyay A. Membrane Lipids in the Function of Serotonin and Adrenergic Receptors. Curr Med Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867311302010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Carter SA, Foster NA, Scarpini CG, Chattopadhyay A, Pett MR, Roberts I, Coleman N. Lipoprotein lipase is frequently overexpressed or translocated in cervical squamous cell carcinoma and promotes invasiveness through the non-catalytic C terminus. Br J Cancer 2012; 107:739-47. [PMID: 22782350 PMCID: PMC3419954 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2012.301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: We studied the biological significance of genes involved in a novel t(8;12)(p21.3;p13.31) reciprocal translocation identified in cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cells. Methods: The rearranged genes were identified by breakpoint mapping, long-range PCR and sequencing. We investigated gene expression in vivo using reverse-transcription PCR and tissue microarrays, and studied the phenotypic consequences of forced gene overexpression. Results: The rearrangement involved lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and peroxisome biogenesis factor-5 (PEX5). Whereas LPL–PEX5 was expressed at low levels and contained a premature stop codon, PEX5–LPL was highly expressed and encoded a full-length chimeric protein (including the majority of the LPL coding region). Consistent with these findings, PEX5 was constitutively expressed in normal cervical squamous cells, whereas LPL expression was negligible. The LPL gene was rearranged in 1 out of 151 cervical SCCs, whereas wild-type LPL overexpression was common, being detected in 10 out of 28 tissue samples and 4 out of 10 cell lines. Forced overexpression of wild-type LPL and PEX5–LPL fusion transcripts resulted in increased invasiveness in cervical SCC cells, attributable to the C-terminal non-catalytic domain of LPL, which was retained in the fusion transcripts. Conclusion: This is the first demonstration of an expressed fusion gene in cervical SCC. Overexpressed wild-type or translocated LPL is a candidate for targeted therapy.
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Bhowmik S, Chattopadhyay A, Bose T, Acharyya S, Sahoo P, Chattopadhyay J, Dhar S. Estimation of fracture toughness of 20MnMoNi55 steel in the ductile to brittle transition region using master curve method. NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2011.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Shukla RM, Tripathy BB, Mukhopadhyay B, Chattopadhyay A, Saha K, Basu KS. Outcome of colostomy closure with different skin closure techniques in a developing country. Afr J Paediatr Surg 2010; 7:156-8. [PMID: 20859019 DOI: 10.4103/0189-6725.70415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colostomy site, which is a potentially contaminated wound, is traditionally closed with interrupted skin stitches and placement of intraperitoneal or parietal or both drains; often with poor cosmetic outcome in our country. This study aims at prospective evaluation of colostomy closure wounds by different techniques. PATIENTS AND METHODS This study was carried out in all infants and children with colostomy (for different pathologies) admitted for colostomy closure in our institute from August 1, 2006 to February 29, 2008. Patients were divided into two groups: Group A with colostomy closure without any drain and subcuticular skin closure and Group B with colostomy closure with both intraperitoneal and parietal drain and interrupted skin closure. Patient's details, including age, sex, body weight, diagnosis, preoperative bowel preparation, peroperative antibiotics, postoperative wound infection, anastomotic leaks, duration of hospitalisation and postoperative follow-up for wound assessment, were recorded. By the end of February 2008, 151 cases of colostomy closure were recorded, 70 in Group A and 81 in Group B. RESULTS Statistical analysis of the data showed no statistically significant difference in wound infection and anastomotic leak between the two groups. On postoperative follow-up, wound assessment showed significantly better cosmesis in the no drain subcuticular group. CONCLUSION This study shows that closing colostomies without any drain and subcuticular skin closure does not result in any increased incidence of wound infection and has better cosmetic results.
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Kleine B, Bopp B, Müller S, Chattopadhyay A, Brockmeier U, Freudl R. Optimierung heterologer Proteinsekretion in Bakterien via Signalpeptidvariation. CHEM-ING-TECH 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201050435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Nguyen T, Chattopadhyay A, Krishnan L. Host immune and pathogen virulence factors that contribute to placental colonization by Salmonella typhimurium. J Reprod Immunol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2010.06.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Bhatawadekar S, Chattopadhyay A. Quinpristin-Dalfopristin resistance among methicillin-resistant strains of staphylococci. Indian J Pharmacol 2010; 42:56. [PMID: 20606841 PMCID: PMC2885644 DOI: 10.4103/0253-7613.62403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Bhattacharya A, Chattopadhyay A, Mazumdar D, Chakravarty A, Pal S. Antioxidant Constituents and Enzyme Activities in Chilli Peppers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/19315260903529709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Chattopadhyay A, Slade GD, Caplan DJ. Professional charges not reimbursed to dentists in the U.S.: evidence from Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, 1996. COMMUNITY DENTAL HEALTH 2009; 26:227-233. [PMID: 20088221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This cross-sectional study examined professional charges not paid to dentists. METHODS This analysis used logistic regression in SUDAAN examining the 1996 MEPS data from 12,931 adults. RESULTS Among people incurring dental care charges, 13.6% had more than $50 of unpaid charge (UC). The percapita UC was $53.30. Total UC was higher for highest income group [45.4% of total] compared to lowest income group [26.0%]. The percapita UC of $76.70 for low income group was significantly greater than for high income group ($47.80, P < 0.01). More Medicaid recipients (52% vs. non-recipients: 12%) incurred at least $50 in UC (P < 0.01). Adjusted odds of incurring UC were greater for those employed (OR = 1.3, 95% CI: 1.0-1.7), and for those with private insurance (OR: 1.5, CI: 1.3-1.9). Number of dental procedure types modified the association between Medicaid recipient and UC (OR = 13.6 for Medicaid recipients undergoing multiple procedure types; OR: 2.3 for Medicaid non-recipients with multiple procedure types; OR: 1.9 for Medicaid recipients receiving single dental procedure. CONCLUSIONS Having private insurance, being unemployed and being Medicaid insured undergoing multiple procedure were strongest predictors of UC.
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Guchhait S, Bhattacharya A, Pal S, Mazumdar D, Chattopadhyay A, Das AK. Quality Evaluation of Cormels of New Germplasm of Taro. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/19315260802212738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Niazy MN, Neyyarapally TI, Chattopadhyay A. Erythropoietin-induced deep vein thrombosis in myelodysplastic syndrome. THE JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF PHYSICIANS OF INDIA 2008; 56:195-196. [PMID: 18697638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We report a rare case of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) secondary to erythropoietin (EPO) in an 89-year-old patient with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). The incidence of EPO-induced thrombotic episode increases with an absolute increase of hemoglobin (Hb) beyond >12 gm/dL or rate of increase of Hb level >1 gm/dL every 2 weeks.
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Thussu A, Chattopadhyay A, Sawhney IMS, Khandelwal N. Albendazole therapy for single small enhancing CT lesions (SSECTL) in the brain in epilepsy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2008; 79:272-5. [PMID: 17928325 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.2007.128058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Single small enhancing CT lesions (SSECTL) of the brain with or without perifocal oedema are common in patients with symptomatic epilepsy in India. Solitary cysticercus granuloma, a benign form of parenchymal neurocysticercosis, is considered to be the most common aetiology for SSECTL. Definite information is lacking regarding the effectiveness of antiparasitic treatment on resolution of these lesions and on long term seizure recurrence. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the response to albendazole treatment in patients who had SSECTL and new onset seizures treated with antiepileptic drugs (AED) in a prospective clinical trial. METHODS 43 patients who presented with new onset seizures and were documented to have SSECTL were alternatively allocated to receive albendazole 15 mg/kg/day for 2 weeks or no cysticidal therapy. All patients were treated with AED and followed for at least 6 months for seizure recurrence, and serial CT scans were obtained at 4 weeks, 3 months and at study completion. RESULTS 28 (65%) patients were aged 5-25 years and 31 (72%) presented clinically with partial motor seizures with or without generalisation. Most of the SSECTL were ring lesions (75%) and located in and around the sensory-motor cortex at the gray-white junction (65%). In the albendazole group, 56% of patients compared with 35% in the control group showed resolution of SSECTL (p = 0.154) at 1 month. 22 of 23 patients (95.6%), who received albendazole, compared with 14 of 20 patients (70%) in the control group, demonstrated radiological resolution on study completion (p = 0.03). Punctate residual calcification and seizure recurrence were observed in four patients (9.3%) in the control group and in three (7%) patients in the albendazole group (p = 0.47). CONCLUSIONS In patients presenting with seizures due to single viable parenchymal neurocysticercosis, albendazole hastens the resolution of SSECTL if treatment is given in the early phase of the illness.
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Chattopadhyay A, Poddar R. Rehabilitation of maxillary defects: a multidisciplinary approach. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2007.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Chattopadhyay S, Roy S, Sharma A, Dhotare B, Vichare P, Chattopadhyay A. An Efficient Asymmetric Route to Tertiary Carbinols: Synthesis of (R)-Mevalonolactone. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-965956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Liberman UA, Hochberg MC, Geusens P, Shah A, Lin J, Chattopadhyay A, Ross PD. Hip and non-spine fracture risk reductions differ among antiresorptive agents: Evidence from randomised controlled trials. Int J Clin Pract 2006; 60:1394-400. [PMID: 17026515 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-1241.2006.01148.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of antiresorptive agents reduce the risk of vertebral fractures, but few have shown consistent effects on hip and other non-spine fractures. Meta-analysis provides a more precise estimate than individual trials when results are consistent across pooled trials. Earlier meta-analyses summarised the results for vertebral and non-spine fractures. New data have emerged for hormone therapy (HT), alendronate (ALN), risedronate (RIS) and ibandronate (IBN). We surveyed recent reports of randomised, placebo-controlled trials with non-spine and/or hip fracture data, and used meta-analysis where appropriate to test for heterogeneity and derive pooled estimates. The magnitude of effect on hip fracture appears to be similar to that for non-spine fracture for each drug, but differs among drugs. Based on the current data, ALN reduces the risk of hip and non-spine fracture by 49-55%, HT by 25-36% and RIS by 26-27%. There is insufficient and/or inconsistent evidence of an effect on these fractures for IBN, calcitonin and raloxifene.
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Venkatachalam SR, Salaskar A, Chattopadhyay A, Barik A, Mishra B, Gangabhagirathi R, Priyadarsini KI. Synthesis, pulse radiolysis, and in vitro radioprotection studies of melatoninolipoamide, a novel conjugate of melatonin and α-lipoic acid. Bioorg Med Chem 2006; 14:6414-9. [PMID: 16766192 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2006.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2006] [Revised: 05/19/2006] [Accepted: 05/20/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A novel conjugate of melatonin 2 and alpha-lipoic acid 4 has been prepared using DCC mediated coupling. The conjugate named melatoninolipoamide has been assigned its structure 1 on the basis of spectral analysis (UV, IR, NMR, and EI-MS). Pulse radiolysis studies of the conjugate were carried out in aqueous solutions with both oxidizing and reducing radicals. The results indicate that the melatonin moiety of the conjugate reacts preferably with oxidizing radicals and the lipoic acid moiety exhibits preferential reaction with reducing radicals. The in vitro radioprotection ability of 1 was examined by gamma-radiation induced lipid peroxidation in liposomes and hemolysis of erythrocytes, and compared the results with those of melatonin and alpha-lipoic acid. The studies suggest that the conjugate can be explored as a probable radioprotector.
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Banerjee TK, Chattopadhyay A, Manglik AK, Ghosh B. Aicardi syndrome: a report of five Indian cases. Neurol India 2006; 54:91-3. [PMID: 16679655 DOI: 10.4103/0028-3886.24719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Five Indian cases of Aicardi syndrome, aged 1-13 years and all with the classic triad of infantile spasm, corpus callosal agenesis and chorioretinal lacunae, were presented. The purpose of this report was to demonstrate the clinical, electroencephalographic (EEG) and radiological spectrum and the treatment outcome of this disorder among the Indians. None of the patient had any family history of similar illness. All had profound psychomotor impairment with no meaningful speech development. There were microphthalmia in 2, optic disc coloboma in 1, interhemispheric cyst in 1, periventricular heterotopia in 2 and thoracolumbar kyphoscoliosis in 2 cases. They all had early onset epilepsy and there were multiple types of seizures. Two cases (40%) had the characteristic dissociated burst-suppression pattern in EEG. Two cases whose antiepileptic medications included vigabatrin had complete control of seizure.
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Chakraborty PP, Mandal SK, Bandyopadhyay D, Chattopadhyay A, Chowdhury SR, Majumdar S. Roth's spots as an only sign of acute myeloid leukemia. THE JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF PHYSICIANS OF INDIA 2006; 54:547. [PMID: 17089903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
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Chattopadhyay A, Tate SA, Beswick RW, Wagner SD, Ko Ferrigno P. A peptide aptamer to antagonize BCL-6 function. Oncogene 2006; 25:2223-33. [PMID: 16331266 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1209252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BCL-6 is a transcription factor essential for germinal centre B-cell development. The BCL-6 gene is involved in diffuse large-cell lymphoma and overexpressed in other types of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and in high-grade breast cancer. BCL-6 is a transcriptional repressor whose N-terminal POZ domain mediates protein-protein interactions to exert its effects. Reasoning that disruption of POZ domain-mediated interactions may be an effective route to antagonizing the effects of BCL-6 in lymphoma, we screened a library for peptide aptamers that specifically bind to BCL-6 POZ and not the POZ domains of related proteins and describe here the first of these reagents, Apt48. Apt48 binds BCL-6 POZ in a manner distinct from the transcriptional corepressor SMRT, yet was found to prevent BCL-6-mediated repression of a luciferase reporter gene. Apt48 also reproduced several previously validated effects of BCL-6 inhibition. Notably, expression of the differentiation markers CD69, Blimp-1 and cyclin D2 was increased in B-cell lines when Apt48 was expressed. We also show that expression of Apt48 restores cytokine-mediated growth arrest to BCL-6 overexpressing cells. Thus, we have identified a peptide aptamer that affects a function of BCL-6 that is required to prevent differentiation of proliferating B cells.
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Blignaut E, Patton LL, Nittayananta W, Ramirez-Amador V, Ranganathan K, Chattopadhyay A. (A3) HIV Phenotypes, oral lesions, and management of HIV-related disease. Adv Dent Res 2006; 19:122-9. [PMID: 16672562 DOI: 10.1177/154407370601900123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Workshop participants discussed: the role of HIV subtypes in disease; the treatment of oral candidiasis; the relationship between and among viral load, CD4+ counts, oral candidiasis and oral hairy leukoplakia, pigmentation; and the development of a reliable oral index to predict disease progression. Regarding HIV, the literature revealed that Type I (HIV-I), in particular group M, is involved in the majority (90%) of documented infections, and groups N and O to a lesser extent. Viral envelope diversity led to the subclassification of the virus into nine subtypes, or clades-A-D, F-H, J, and K-each dominating in different geographical areas. HIV-2, currently occurring mostly in West Africa, appears to be less virulent. No evidence could be produced of any direct impact of type, subtype, or clade on oral lesions, and participants believed that further research is not feasible. Oral candidiasis in patients from resource-poor countries should be prevented. When the condition does occur, it should be treated until all clinical symptoms disappear. Oral rinsing with an antimicrobial agent was suggested to prevent recurrence of the condition, to reduce cost, and to prevent the development of antifungal resistance. Lawsone methyl ether, isolated from a plant (Rhinacanthus nasutus leaves) in Thailand, is a cost-effective mouthrinse with potent antifungal activity. Evidence from a carefully designed prospective longitudinal study on a Mexican cohort of HIV/AIDS patients, not receiving anti-retroviral treatment, revealed that the onset of oral candidiasis and oral hairy leukoplakia was heralded by a sustained reduction of CD4+, with an associated sharp increase in viral load. Analysis of the data obtained from a large cohort of HIV/AIDS patients in India could not establish a systemic or local cause of oral melanin pigmentation. A possible explanation was a dysfunctional immune system that increased melanin production. However, longitudinal studies may contribute to a better understanding of this phenomenon. Finally, a development plan was presented that could provide a reliable prediction of disease progression. To be useful in developing countries, the index should be independent of costly blood counts and viral load.
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Chattopadhyay A, Sarkar M, Biswas NM. Dose-dependent effect of copper chloride on male reproductive function in immature rats. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2005; 3:392-400. [PMID: 16449843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Copper is essential as a trace element for metabolic processes. Exposure to copper in industries develops toxicity among the workers. Previous findings on adverse effects of copper on male reproductive function in adult albino rats led to investigate the effects of this metal on reproductive function of maturing male rats in the present experiment. METHODOLOGY To study these effects, immature (30 to 35 days old) Wistar strain albino rats weighing about 50-60 g were treated intraperitoneally with copper chloride at doses of 1000, 2000 and 3000 microg/kg body weight/day for 26 days. RESULT Significant fall in accessory sex organ weight and inhibition of testicular 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity along with degeneration of testicular growing spermatogenic cells and reduction in serum testosterone, FSH and LH level were observed at the doses of 2000 and 3000microg/kg/day. On the other hand, at the dose of 1000 microg/kg/day significant increase in testicular steroidogenic enzyme activity and stimulation of testicular spermatogenesis along with rise in serum testosterone and LH level were observed, though no significant change was observed in serum FSH level. This suggests that copper has got a dose-dependent effect on testicular steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis and serum testosterone and LH level in maturing male rats.
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Chattopadhyay A, Slater DN, Hancock BW. Cutaneous CD56 positive natural killer and cytotoxic T-cell lymphomas. Int J Oncol 2005; 26:1559-62. [PMID: 15870869 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.26.6.1559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We report two cases of CD56 positive natural killer (NK) cell and cytotoxic T-cell cutaneous lymphomas and review the literature on these rare forms of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The first case was diagnosed to have extra nodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal-type. She had a rapid downhill clinical course and died within 3 months of presentation. She had been started on systemic chemotherapy but did not respond. The second case was diagnosed as subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma, CD56 positive variant. She presented with skin nodules that were quiescent for 10 years. Then the course of the disease suddenly changed and progressed rapidly. She had systemic chemotherapy and initially had a complete response, but she relapsed within 1 month of completion of chemotherapy. She then had partial response with further chemotherapy but relapsed rapidly. She died within 15 months of her lymphoma changing to its aggressive form. These cases illustrate the often poor prognosis of cutaneous CD56 positive lymphomas.
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Biswas NM, Chattopadhyay A, Sarkar M. Effects of gold on testicular steroidogenic and gametogenic functions in immature male albino rats. Life Sci 2004; 76:629-36. [PMID: 15567188 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2004.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2003] [Accepted: 03/05/2004] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of gold chloride, a metallic earth salt, on steroidogenic and gametogenic functions of testis in immature rats. Immature rats of Wistar strain, were injected (s.c.) with gold chloride at the dose of 0.3 mg and 0.5 mg/kg body weight/day for 26 days. All the treated animals along with the vehicle-treated controls were sacrificed 24 hours after last injections. Testicular steroidogenic activity was evaluated by measuring the activities of two steroidogenic key enzymes, Delta5-3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (Delta5-3beta-HSD) and 17-beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17-beta HSD). Gametogenic capacity was determined by counting the number of germ cells at stage VII of seminiferous cycle. Plasma levels of testosterone (T) was measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA). Administration of gold chloride at a dose of 0.3 mg/ kg body weight for 26 days led to insignificant changes of testicular Delta5-3beta-HSD,17beta-HSD activities and gametogenesis along with plasma T. In contrast 0.5 mg gold chloride treatment for 26 days caused a significant increase in plasma T (p < 0.001) along with stimulation of testicular Delta5-3beta-HSD activity (p < 0.001) and 17beta-HSD activity (p < 0.001). Gametogenic activity exhibited a significant increase in the number of step 7 spermatids (7Sd) (p < 0.001) at stage VII of seminiferous cycle when compared to control. The results of our experiment suggest that gold chloride treatment might be associated with significant stimulatory effects on testicular activities. Furthermore, since hormonal changes, altered steroidogenic enzymes and gametogenic activities were evident to a specific dose of gold chloride treatment, our data may have some clinical implication on the stimulation of fertility.
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Kornblith P, Ochs RL, Wells A, Gabrin MJ, Piwowar J, Chattopadhyay A, George LD, Burholt D. Differential in vitro effects of chemotherapeutic agents on primary cultures of human ovarian carcinoma. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2004; 14:607-15. [PMID: 15304154 DOI: 10.1111/j.1048-891x.2004.14408.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment of ovarian cancer principally relies on the use of platinum and taxane chemotherapeutic agents. Short-term clinical results have been encouraging, but long-term responses remain limited. In this report, an in vitro assay system that utilizes cells grown from human tumor explants has been used to quantitatively evaluate responses to relevant concentrations of alternative chemotherapeutic agents. The results suggest that there are significant differences in the responses of explant-derived cultured cells to the different agents tested. In an evaluation of 276 primary ovarian cancer specimens, five nonstandard drugs were tested in 51 cases. Of these 51 cases, cyclophosphamide had the highest rate of response at 67%, followed by doxorubicin at 61%, gemcitabine at 49%, etoposide at 48%, and topotecan at 14%. Venn diagrams, representing the in vitro responses to the platins and taxanes, as well as the responses to the nonstandard drugs, illustrate that there clearly are distinct differences among patients in a given population. These data underscore the potential importance of evaluating each patient's response to a number of different drugs to optimize the therapeutic decision-making process.
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Kornblith P, Ochs RL, Wells A, Gabrin MJ, Piwowar J, Chattopadhyay A, George LD, Burholt D. Differential in vitro effects of chemotherapeutic agents on primary cultures of human ovarian carcinoma. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2004. [DOI: 10.1136/ijgc-00009577-200407000-00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment of ovarian cancer principally relies on the use of platinum and taxane chemotherapeutic agents. Short-term clinical results have been encouraging, but long-term responses remain limited. In this report, an in vitro assay system that utilizes cells grown from human tumor explants has been used to quantitatively evaluate responses to relevant concentrations of alternative chemotherapeutic agents. The results suggest that there are significant differences in the responses of explant-derived cultured cells to the different agents tested. In an evaluation of 276 primary ovarian cancer specimens, five nonstandard drugs were tested in 51 cases. Of these 51 cases, cyclophosphamide had the highest rate of response at 67%, followed by doxorubicin at 61%, gemcitabine at 49%, etoposide at 48%, and topotecan at 14%. Venn diagrams, representing the in vitro responses to the platins and taxanes, as well as the responses to the nonstandard drugs, illustrate that there clearly are distinct differences among patients in a given population. These data underscore the potential importance of evaluating each patient's response to a number of different drugs to optimize the therapeutic decision-making process.
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