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Rai M, Ingle A, Gaikwad S, Gupta I, Gade A, Silvério da Silva S. Nanotechnology based anti-infectives to fight microbial intrusions. J Appl Microbiol 2016; 120:527-42. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.13010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Revised: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Meisel Z, George S, Ahn S, Bazin D, Brown BA, Browne J, Carpino JF, Chung H, Cole AL, Cyburt RH, Estradé A, Famiano M, Gade A, Langer C, Matoš M, Mittig W, Montes F, Morrissey DJ, Pereira J, Schatz H, Schatz J, Scott M, Shapira D, Smith K, Stevens J, Tan W, Tarasov O, Towers S, Wimmer K, Winkelbauer JR, Yurkon J, Zegers RGT. Mass Measurement of 56Sc Reveals a Small A = 56 Odd-Even Mass Staggering, Implying a Cooler Accreted Neutron Star Crust. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2015; 115:162501. [PMID: 26550869 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.115.162501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We present the mass excesses of (52-57)Sc, obtained from recent time-of-flight nuclear mass measurements at the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory at Michigan State University. The masses of 56Sc and 57Sc were determined for the first time with atomic mass excesses of -24.85(59)((-54)(+0)) MeV and -21.0(1.3) MeV, respectively, where the asymmetric uncertainty for 56Sc was included due to possible contamination from a long-lived isomer. The 56Sc mass indicates a small odd-even mass staggering in the A = 56 mass chain towards the neutron drip line, significantly deviating from trends predicted by the global FRDM mass model and favoring trends predicted by the UNEDF0 and UNEDF1 density functional calculations. Together with new shell-model calculations of the electron-capture strength function of 56Sc, our results strongly reduce uncertainties in model calculations of the heating and cooling at the 56Ti electron-capture layer in the outer crust of accreting neutron stars. We find that, in contrast to previous studies, neither strong neutrino cooling nor strong heating occurs in this layer. We conclude that Urca cooling in the outer crusts of accreting neutron stars that exhibit superbursts or high temperature steady-state burning, which are predicted to be rich in A≈56 nuclei, is considerably weaker than predicted. Urca cooling must instead be dominated by electron capture on the small amounts of adjacent odd-A nuclei contained in the superburst and high temperature steady-state burning ashes. This may explain the absence of strong crust Urca cooling inferred from the observed cooling light curve of the transiently accreting x-ray source MAXI J0556-332.
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Gade A, Damaj I, Dewey W, Akbarali H. Chronic but Not Acute Exposure to Morphine Enhances nAChR Mediated Responses in Enteric Neurons. FASEB J 2015. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.628.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Kang M, Hashimoto A, Gade A, Akbarali HI. Interaction between hydrogen sulfide-induced sulfhydration and tyrosine nitration in the KATP channel complex. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2015; 308:G532-9. [PMID: 25552582 PMCID: PMC4360042 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00281.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) is an endogenous gaseous mediator affecting many physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Enhanced expression of H2S and reactive nitrogen/oxygen species (RNS/ROS) during inflammation alters cellular excitability via modulation of ion channel function. Sulfhydration of cysteine residues and tyrosine nitration are the posttranslational modifications induced by H₂S and RNS, respectively. The objective of this study was to define the interaction between tyrosine nitration and cysteine sulfhydration within the ATP-sensitive K(+) (KATP) channel complex, a significant target in experimental colitis. A modified biotin switch assay was performed to determine sulfhydration of the KATP channel subunits, Kir6.1, sulphonylurea 2B (SUR2B), and nitrotyrosine measured by immunoblot. NaHS (a donor of H₂S) significantly enhanced sulfhydration of SUR2B but not Kir6.1 subunit. 3-Morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1) (a donor of peroxynitrite) induced nitration of Kir6.1 subunit but not SUR2B. Pretreatment with NaHS reduced the nitration of Kir6.1 by SIN-1 in Chinese hamster ovary cells cotransfected with the two subunits, as well as in enteric glia. Two specific mutations within SUR2B, C24S, and C1455S prevented sulfhydration by NaHS, and these mutations prevented NaHS-induced reduction in tyrosine nitration of Kir6.1. NaHS also reversed peroxynitrite-induced inhibition of smooth muscle contraction. These studies suggest that posttranslational modifications of the two subunits of the KATP channel interact to alter channel function. The studies described herein demonstrate a unique mechanism by which sulfhydration of one subunit modifies tyrosine nitration of another subunit within the same channel complex. This interaction provides a mechanistic insight on the protective effects of H₂S in inflammation.
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Meisel Z, George S, Ahn S, Browne J, Bazin D, Brown BA, Carpino JF, Chung H, Cyburt RH, Estradé A, Famiano M, Gade A, Langer C, Matoš M, Mittig W, Montes F, Morrissey DJ, Pereira J, Schatz H, Schatz J, Scott M, Shapira D, Smith K, Stevens J, Tan W, Tarasov O, Towers S, Wimmer K, Winkelbauer JR, Yurkon J, Zegers RGT. Mass measurements demonstrate a strong N=28 shell gap in argon. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2015; 114:022501. [PMID: 25635542 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.114.022501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We present results from recent time-of-flight nuclear mass measurements at the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory at Michigan State University. We report the first mass measurements of ^{48}Ar and ^{49}Ar and find atomic mass excesses of -22.28(31) MeV and -17.8(1.1) MeV, respectively. These masses provide strong evidence for the closed shell nature of neutron number N=28 in argon, which is therefore the lowest even-Z element exhibiting the N=28 closed shell. The resulting trend in binding-energy differences, which probes the strength of the N=28 shell, compares favorably with shell-model calculations in the sd-pf shell using SDPF-U and SDPF-MU Hamiltonians.
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Marchi T, de Angelis G, Valiente-Dobón JJ, Bader VM, Baugher T, Bazin D, Berryman J, Bonaccorso A, Clark R, Coraggio L, Crawford HL, Doncel M, Farnea E, Gade A, Gadea A, Gargano A, Glasmacher T, Gottardo A, Gramegna F, Itaco N, John PR, Kumar R, Lenzi SM, Lunardi S, McDaniel S, Michelagnoli C, Mengoni D, Modamio V, Napoli DR, Quintana B, Ratkiewicz A, Recchia F, Sahin E, Stroberg R, Weisshaar D, Wimmer K, Winkler R. Quadrupole transition strength in the (74)Ni nucleus and core polarization effects in the neutron-rich Ni isotopes. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 113:182501. [PMID: 25396363 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.182501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The reduced transition probability B(E2;0(+)→2(+)) has been measured for the neutron-rich nucleus (74)Ni in an intermediate energy Coulomb excitation experiment performed at the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory at Michigan State University. The obtained B(E2;0(+)→2(+))=642(-226)(+216) e(2) fm(4) value defines a trend which is unexpectedly small if referred to (70)Ni and to a previous indirect determination of the transition strength in (74)Ni. This indicates a reduced polarization of the Z=28 core by the valence neutrons. Calculations in the pfgd model space reproduce well the experimental result indicating that the B(E2) strength predominantly corresponds to neutron excitations. The ratio of the neutron and proton multipole matrix elements supports such an interpretation.
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Langer C, Montes F, Aprahamian A, Bardayan DW, Bazin D, Brown BA, Browne J, Crawford H, Cyburt RH, Domingo-Pardo C, Gade A, George S, Hosmer P, Keek L, Kontos A, Lee IY, Lemasson A, Lunderberg E, Maeda Y, Matos M, Meisel Z, Noji S, Nunes FM, Nystrom A, Perdikakis G, Pereira J, Quinn SJ, Recchia F, Schatz H, Scott M, Siegl K, Simon A, Smith M, Spyrou A, Stevens J, Stroberg SR, Weisshaar D, Wheeler J, Wimmer K, Zegers RGT. Determining the rp-process flow through 56Ni: resonances in 57Cu(p,γ)58Zn identified with GRETINA. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 113:032502. [PMID: 25083636 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.032502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
An approach is presented to experimentally constrain previously unreachable (p, γ) reaction rates on nuclei far from stability in the astrophysical rp process. Energies of all critical resonances in the (57)Cu(p,γ)(58)Zn reaction are deduced by populating states in (58)Zn with a (d, n) reaction in inverse kinematics at 75 MeV/u, and detecting γ-ray-recoil coincidences with the state-of-the-art γ-ray tracking array GRETINA and the S800 spectrograph at the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory. The results reduce the uncertainty in the (57)Cu(p,γ) reaction rate by several orders of magnitude. The effective lifetime of (56)Ni, an important waiting point in the rp process in x-ray bursts, can now be determined entirely from experimentally constrained reaction rates.
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Noji S, Zegers RGT, Austin SM, Baugher T, Bazin D, Brown BA, Campbell CM, Cole AL, Doster HJ, Gade A, Guess CJ, Gupta S, Hitt GW, Langer C, Lipschutz S, Lunderberg E, Meharchand R, Meisel Z, Perdikakis G, Pereira J, Recchia F, Schatz H, Scott M, Stroberg SR, Sullivan C, Valdez L, Walz C, Weisshaar D, Williams SJ, Wimmer K. β+ Gamow-Teller transition strengths from 46Ti and stellar electron-capture rates. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 112:252501. [PMID: 25014806 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.252501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The Gamow-Teller strength in the β(+) direction to (46)Sc was extracted via the (46)Ti(t,(3)He + γ) reaction at 115 MeV/u. The γ-ray coincidences served to precisely measure the very weak Gamow-Teller transition to a final state at 991 keV. Although this transition is weak, it is crucial for accurately estimating electron-capture rates in astrophysical scenarios with relatively low stellar densities and temperatures, such as presupernova stellar evolution. Shell-model calculations with different effective interactions in the pf shell-model space do not reproduce the experimental Gamow-Teller strengths, which is likely due to sd-shell admixtures. Calculations in the quasiparticle random phase approximation that are often used in astrophysical simulations also fail to reproduce the experimental Gamow-Teller strength distribution, leading to strongly overestimated electron-capture rates. Because reliable theoretical predictions of Gamow-Teller strengths are important for providing astrophysical electron-capture reaction rates for a broad set of nuclei in the lower pf shell, we conclude that further theoretical improvements are required to match astrophysical needs.
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Iwasaki H, Lemasson A, Morse C, Dewald A, Braunroth T, Bader VM, Baugher T, Bazin D, Berryman JS, Campbell CM, Gade A, Langer C, Lee IY, Loelius C, Lunderberg E, Recchia F, Smalley D, Stroberg SR, Wadsworth R, Walz C, Weisshaar D, Westerberg A, Whitmore K, Wimmer K. Evolution of collectivity in 72Kr: evidence for rapid shape transition. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 112:142502. [PMID: 24765947 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.142502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The transition rates from the yrast 2+ and 4+ states in the self-conjugate 72Kr nucleus were studied via lifetime measurements employing the GRETINA array with a novel application of the recoil-distance method. The large collectivity observed for the 4+→2+ transition suggests a prolate character of the excited states. The reduced collectivity previously reported for the 2+→0+ transition was confirmed. The irregular behavior of collectivity points to the occurrence of a rapid oblate-prolate shape transition in 72Kr, providing stringent tests for advanced theories to describe the shape coexistence and its evolution.
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Gade A, Dewey W, Akbarali H. Chronic morphine enhances nicotine responses in single mouse enteric neurons (659.9). FASEB J 2014. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.28.1_supplement.659.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Gade A, Janssens RVF, Weisshaar D, Brown BA, Lunderberg E, Albers M, Bader VM, Baugher T, Bazin D, Berryman JS, Campbell CM, Carpenter MP, Chiara CJ, Crawford HL, Cromaz M, Garg U, Hoffman CR, Kondev FG, Langer C, Lauritsen T, Lee IY, Lenzi SM, Matta JT, Nowacki F, Recchia F, Sieja K, Stroberg SR, Tostevin JA, Williams SJ, Wimmer K, Zhu S. Nuclear structure towards N = 40 60Ca: in-beam γ-ray spectroscopy of 58,60Ti. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 112:112503. [PMID: 24702356 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.112503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Excited states in the neutron-rich N = 38, 36 nuclei (60)Ti and (58)Ti were populated in nucleon-removal reactions from (61)V projectiles at 90 MeV/nucleon. The γ-ray transitions from such states in these Ti isotopes were detected with the advanced γ-ray tracking array GRETINA and were corrected event by event for large Doppler shifts (v/c ∼ 0.4) using the γ-ray interaction points deduced from online signal decomposition. The new data indicate that a steep decrease in quadrupole collectivity occurs when moving from neutron-rich N = 36, 38 Fe and Cr toward the Ti and Ca isotones. In fact, (58,60)Ti provide some of the most neutron-rich benchmarks accessible today for calculations attempting to determine the structure of the potentially doubly magic nucleus (60)Ca.
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Marchi T, de Angelis G, Baugher T, Bazin D, Berryman J, Bonaccorso A, Clark R, Coraggio L, Covello A, Crawford H, Doncel M, Farnea E, Gade A, Gadea A, Gargano A, Glasmacher T, Gottardo A, Gramegna F, Itaco N, Kumar R, Lenzi SM, McDaniel S, Michelagnoli C, Napoli D, Quintana B, Ratkiewicz A, Recchia F, Sahin E, Stroberg R, Valiente-Dobón J, Weisshaar D, Wimmer K, Winkler R. Evolution of collectivity in the78Ni region: Coulomb excitation of74Ni at intermediate energies. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2014. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20146602066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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38
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Langer C, Montes F, Aprahamian A, Bardayan DW, Bazin D, Brown B, Browne J, Crawford H, Cyburt R, Domingo-Pardo C, Gade A, George S, Hosmer P, Keek L, Kontos A, Lee IY, Lemasson A, Lunderberg E, Maeda Y, Matos M, Meisel Z, Noji S, Nystrom A, Perdikakis G, Pereira J, Quinn S, Recchia F, Schatz H, Scott M, Siegl K, Simon A, Smith M, Spyrou A, Stevens J, Stroberg R, Weisshaar D, Wheeler J, Wimmer K, Zegers R. Measurement of astrophysically important excitation energies of 58Zn with GRETINA. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2014. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20146607013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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39
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Marchi T, de Angelis G, Baugher T, Bazin D, Berryman J, Bonaccorso A, Clark R, Coraggio L, Covello A, Crawford H, Doncel M, Farnea E, Gade A, Gadea A, Gargano A, Glasmacher T, Gottardo A, Gramegna F, Itaco N, Kumar R, Lenzi SM, McDaniel S, Michelagnoli C, Napoli D, Quintana B, Ratkiewicz A, Recchia F, Sahin E, Stroberg R, Valiente-Dobón J, Weisshaar D, Wimmer K, Winkler R. Probing core polarization around78Ni: intermediate energy Coulomb excitation of74Ni. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2013. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20136301021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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40
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Davies PJ, Bentley MA, Henry TW, Simpson EC, Gade A, Lenzi SM, Baugher T, Bazin D, Berryman JS, Bruce AM, Diget CA, Iwasaki H, Lemasson A, McDaniel S, Napoli DR, Ratkiewicz A, Scruton L, Shore A, Stroberg R, Tostevin JA, Weisshaar D, Wimmer K, Winkler R. Mirror energy differences at large isospin studied through direct two-nucleon knockout. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 111:072501. [PMID: 23992059 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.072501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2013] [Revised: 04/18/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The first spectroscopy of excited states in 52Ni (T(z)=-2) and 51Co (T(z)=-3/2) has been obtained using the highly selective two-neutron knockout reaction. Mirror energy differences between isobaric analogue states in these nuclei and their mirror partners are interpreted in terms of isospin nonconserving effects. A comparison between large-scale shell-model calculations and data provides the most compelling evidence to date that both electromagnetic and an additional isospin nonconserving interactions for J=2 couplings, of unknown origin, are required to obtain good agreement.
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Crawford HL, Clark RM, Fallon P, Macchiavelli AO, Baugher T, Bazin D, Beausang CW, Berryman JS, Bleuel DL, Campbell CM, Cromaz M, de Angelis G, Gade A, Hughes RO, Lee IY, Lenzi SM, Nowacki F, Paschalis S, Petri M, Poves A, Ratkiewicz A, Ross TJ, Sahin E, Weisshaar D, Wimmer K, Winkler R. Quadrupole collectivity in neutron-rich Fe and Cr isotopes. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 110:242701. [PMID: 25165918 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.242701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Intermediate-energy Coulomb excitation measurements are performed on the N ≥ 40 neutron-rich nuclei (66,68)Fe and (64)Cr. The reduced transition matrix elements providing a direct measure of the quadrupole collectivity B(E2;2(1)(+) → 0(1)(+)) are determined for the first time in (68)Fe(42) and (64)Cr(40) and confirm a previous recoil distance method lifetime measurement in (66)Fe(40). The results are compared to state-of-the-art large-scale shell-model calculations within the full fpgd neutron orbital model space using the Lenzi-Nowacki-Poves-Sieja effective interaction and confirm the results of the calculations that show these nuclei are well deformed.
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Wimmer K, Bazin D, Gade A, Tostevin JA, Baugher T, Chajecki Z, Coupland D, Famiano MA, Ghosh TK, Grinyer GF, Hodges R, Howard ME, Kilburn M, Lynch WG, Manning B, Meierbachtol K, Quarterman P, Ratkiewicz A, Sanetullaev A, Simpson EC, Stroberg SR, Tsang MB, Weisshaar D, Winkelbauer J, Winkler R, Youngs M. Correlations in intermediate energy two-proton removal reactions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 109:202505. [PMID: 23215478 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.202505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We report final-state-exclusive measurements of the light charged fragments in coincidence with (26)Ne residual nuclei following the direct two-proton removal from a neutron-rich (28)Mg secondary beam. A Dalitz-plot analysis and comparisons with simulations show that a majority of the triple-coincidence events with two protons display phase-space correlations consistent with the (two-body) kinematics of a spatially correlated pair-removal mechanism. The fraction of such correlated events, 56(12)%, is consistent with the fraction of the calculated cross section, 64%, arising from spin S=0 two-proton configurations in the entrance-channel (shell-model) (28)Mg ground state wave function. This result promises access to an additional and more specific probe of the spin and spatial correlations of valence nucleon pairs in exotic nuclei produced as fast secondary beams.
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Hasselbalch BJ, Knorr U, Hasselbalch SG, Gade A, Kessing LV. The cumulative load of depressive illness is associated with cognitive function in the remitted state of unipolar depressive disorder. Eur Psychiatry 2012; 28:349-55. [PMID: 22944336 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2012.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2011] [Revised: 03/28/2012] [Accepted: 03/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether the cumulative number, duration and subtypes (severity and presence of psychotic features) of previous episodes of depression in patients with unipolar depressive disorder in a remitted state are associated with decreased global cognitive function. METHODS Via the Danish registers individuals between 40 and 80 years of age were identified: (1) patients with a diagnosis of unipolar disorder at their first discharge from a psychiatric hospital in the period 1994 to 2002, and (2) gender and age matched control individuals. The participants were assessed with the Cambridge Cognitive Examination (CAMCOG), which provides a composite measure of global cognitive function. RESULTS A total of 88 patients and 50 controls accepted our invitation to participate, fulfilled the selection criteria and were included in the study. The cumulative duration of depressive episodes was associated with a decreased CAMCOG score adjusted for age, gender, education, premorbid IQ and residual depressive symptoms (B=-0.14, 95% C.I. (-0.26, -0.02), R(2)adj=0.31, P=.02). Significant associations were also found between CAMCOG score and the cumulative duration and total number of depressive episodes with psychotic features, respectively. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that cognitive dysfunction is associated with the cumulative duration of depressive episodes, and that, in particular, depressive episodes with psychotic features in the course of illness may be a significant predictor of future impairment of cognitive function.
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Winkler R, Gade A, Baugher T, Bazin D, Brown BA, Glasmacher T, Grinyer GF, Meharchand R, McDaniel S, Ratkiewicz A, Weisshaar D. Quadrupole collectivity beyond N = 28: intermediate-energy Coulomb excitation of (47,48)Ar. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 108:182501. [PMID: 22681067 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.182501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We report on the first experimental study of quadrupole collectivity in the very neutron-rich nuclei (47,48)Ar using intermediate-energy Coulomb excitation. These nuclei are located along the path from doubly magic Ca to collective S and Si isotopes, a critical region of shell evolution and structural change. The deduced B(E2) transition strengths are confronted with large-scale shell-model calculations in the sdpf shell using the state-of-the-art SDPF-Uand EPQQM effective interactions. The comparison between experiment and theory indicates that a shell-model description of Ar isotopes around N=28 remains a challenge.
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Kang M, Gade A, Akbarali HI. Enhanced relaxant effect of Sodium Hydrogen Sulfide (NaHS) in Experimental Colitis and its action on KATP Channels via S‐sulfhydration. FASEB J 2012. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.26.1_supplement.1048.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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46
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Meharchand R, Zegers RGT, Brown BA, Austin SM, Baugher T, Bazin D, Deaven J, Gade A, Grinyer GF, Guess CJ, Howard ME, Iwasaki H, McDaniel S, Meierbachtol K, Perdikakis G, Pereira J, Prinke AM, Ratkiewicz A, Signoracci A, Stroberg S, Valdez L, Voss P, Walsh KA, Weisshaar D, Winkler R. Probing configuration mixing in 12Be with Gamow-Teller transition strengths. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 108:122501. [PMID: 22540576 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.122501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We present a novel technique for studying the quenching of shell gaps in exotic isotopes. The method is based on extracting Gamow-Teller (ΔL=0, ΔS=1) transition strengths [B(GT)] to low-lying states from charge-exchange reactions at intermediate beam energies. These Gamow-Teller strengths are very sensitive to configuration mixing between cross-shell orbitals, and this technique thus provides an important complement to other tools currently used to study cross-shell mixing. This work focuses on the N=8 shell gap. We populated the ground and 2.24 MeV 0+ states in 12Be using the 12B(1+) (7Li, 7Be) reaction at 80 MeV/u in inverse kinematics. Using the ground-state B(GT) value from β-decay measurements (0.184±0.007) as a calibration, the B(GT) for the transition to the second 0+ state was determined to be 0.214±0.051. Comparing the extracted Gamow-Teller strengths with shell-model calculations, it was determined that the wave functions of the first and second 0+ states in 12Be are composed of 25±5% and 60±5% (0s)4(0p)8 configurations, respectively.
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Christian G, Frank N, Ash S, Baumann T, Bazin D, Brown J, DeYoung PA, Finck JE, Gade A, Grinyer GF, Grovom A, Hinnefeld JD, Lunderberg EM, Luther B, Mosby M, Mosby S, Nagi T, Peaslee GF, Rogers WF, Smith JK, Snyder J, Spyrou A, Strongman MJ, Thoennessen M, Warren M, Weisshaar D, Wersal A. Exploring the low-Z shore of the island of inversion at n=19. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 108:032501. [PMID: 22400733 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.032501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The technique of invariant mass spectroscopy has been used to measure, for the first time, the ground state energy of neutron-unbound (28)F, determined to be a resonance in the (27)F+n continuum at 220(50) keV. States in (28)F were populated by the reactions of a 62 MeV/u (29)Ne beam impinging on a 288 mg/cm(2) beryllium target. The measured (28)F ground state energy is in good agreement with USDA/USDB shell model predictions, indicating that pf shell intruder configurations play only a small role in the ground state structure of (28)F and establishing a low-Z boundary of the island of inversion for N=19 isotones.
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Nielsen TR, Vogel A, Phung TKT, Gade A, Waldemar G. Over- and under-diagnosis of dementia in ethnic minorities: a nationwide register-based study. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2011; 26:1128-35. [PMID: 21194100 DOI: 10.1002/gps.2650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2010] [Accepted: 09/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Among dementia professionals in several European countries, it is believed that dementia is under-diagnosed and under-treated to a greater extent among ethnic minorities than in the native population. It is unknown whether this belief holds true. The objective of this study was to compare the prevalence of register-based dementia diagnoses in the largest ethnic minority groups in Denmark with the prevalence of register-based dementia diagnoses in the general Danish population. METHODS By linking the Danish hospital registers with the Danish Civil Registration System, nationwide dementia cases for three main ethnic minorities were identified. Age- and gender-specific prevalence rates for dementia were calculated and compared to previously published data for the general population. RESULTS The study population consisted of 68 219 persons aged 20 and older. A total of 174 dementia cases were identified. The mean age at diagnosis was 57.7 years (SD = 16.2). Compared to the general population, there was a higher prevalence of dementia among those younger than 60 years, and a markedly lower prevalence of dementia among those 60 years and older. CONCLUSIONS Dementia is under-diagnosed to a greater extent among ethnic minorities in the age group 60 years and older but is over-diagnosed in the age group younger than 60 years. Several factors may contribute to this pattern, including cultural differences in help-seeking behaviour, and problems in navigating the health-care system. Furthermore, cross-cultural assessment of dementia can be difficult because of language barriers and cultural differences.
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Estradé A, Matoš M, Schatz H, Amthor AM, Bazin D, Beard M, Becerril A, Brown EF, Cyburt R, Elliot T, Gade A, Galaviz D, George S, Gupta SS, Hix WR, Lau R, Lorusso G, Möller P, Pereira J, Portillo M, Rogers AM, Shapira D, Smith E, Stolz A, Wallace M, Wiescher M. Time-of-flight mass measurements for nuclear processes in neutron star crusts. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2011; 107:172503. [PMID: 22107512 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.172503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We present results from time-of-flight nuclear mass measurements at the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory that are relevant for neutron star crust models. The masses of 16 neutron-rich nuclei in the scandium-nickel range were determined simultaneously, with the masses of (61)V, (63)Cr, (66)Mn, and (74)Ni measured for the first time with mass excesses of -30.510(890) MeV, -35.280(650) MeV, -36.900(790) MeV, and -49.210(990) MeV, respectively. With these results the locations of the dominant electron capture heat sources in the outer crust of accreting neutron stars that exhibit super bursts are now experimentally constrained. We find the experimental Q value for the (66)Fe→(66)Mn electron capture to be 2.1 MeV (2.6σ) smaller than predicted, resulting in the transition occurring significantly closer to the neutron star surface.
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Petri M, Fallon P, Macchiavelli AO, Paschalis S, Starosta K, Baugher T, Bazin D, Cartegni L, Clark RM, Crawford HL, Cromaz M, Dewald A, Gade A, Grinyer GF, Gros S, Hackstein M, Jeppesen HB, Lee IY, McDaniel S, Miller D, Rajabali MM, Ratkiewicz A, Rother W, Voss P, Walsh KA, Weisshaar D, Wiedeking M, Brown BA. Lifetime measurement of the 2(1)+ state in 20C. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2011; 107:102501. [PMID: 21981497 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.102501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Establishing how and when large N/Z values require modified or new theoretical tools is a major quest in nuclear physics. Here we report the first measurement of the lifetime of the 2(1)+ state in the near-dripline nucleus 20C. The deduced value of τ(2(1)+)=9.8±2.8(stat)(-1.1)(+0.5)(syst) ps gives a reduced transition probability of B(E2; 2(1)+→0(g.s.)+)=7.5(-1.7)(+3.0)(stat)(-0.4)(+1.0)(syst) e2 fm4 in good agreement with a shell model calculation using isospin-dependent effective charges.
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