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Johnston B, Ostlund U, Brown H, Chochinov H. 4156 ORAL The Development of a Dignity Care Pathway (DCP) for Use by Community Nurses With People Receiving End of Life Care at Home. Eur J Cancer 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(11)71322-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Johnston B, Maguire R, Kearney N. 4180 ORAL Using Mobile Phone Technology to Assess Symptoms in Patients Receiving Palliative Care – The Advanced Symptom Management System (ASyMS®-P). Eur J Cancer 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(11)71346-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Coleman H, Bhat S, Murray L, McManus D, Gavin A, Johnston B. P2-47 Increasing incidence of Barrett's oesophagus: a population based study in Northern Ireland. Br J Soc Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/jech.2011.142976h.82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Scappucci G, Capellini G, Johnston B, Klesse WM, Miwa JA, Simmons MY. A complete fabrication route for atomic-scale, donor-based devices in single-crystal germanium. NANO LETTERS 2011; 11:2272-2279. [PMID: 21553900 DOI: 10.1021/nl200449v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Despite the rapidly growing interest in Ge for ultrascaled classical transistors and innovative quantum devices, the field of Ge nanoelectronics is still in its infancy. One major hurdle has been electron confinement since fast dopant diffusion occurs when traditional Si CMOS fabrication processes are applied to Ge. We demonstrate a complete fabrication route for atomic-scale, donor-based devices in single-crystal Ge using a combination of scanning tunneling microscope lithography and high-quality crystal growth. The cornerstone of this fabrication process is an innovative lithographic procedure based on direct laser patterning of the semiconductor surface, allowing the gap between atomic-scale STM-patterned structures and the outside world to be bridged. Using this fabrication process, we show electron confinement in a 5 nm wide phosphorus-doped nanowire in single-crystal Ge. At cryogenic temperatures, Ohmic behavior is observed and a low planar resistivity of 8.3 kΩ/□ is measured.
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Lloyd DJ, Helmering J, Kaufman SA, Turk J, Silva M, Vasquez S, Weinstein D, Johnston B, Hale C, Véniant MM. A volumetric method for quantifying atherosclerosis in mice by using microCT: comparison to en face. PLoS One 2011; 6:e18800. [PMID: 21533112 PMCID: PMC3078927 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0018800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2010] [Accepted: 03/15/2011] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Precise quantification of atherosclerotic plaque in preclinical models of atherosclerosis requires the volumetric assessment of the lesion(s) while maintaining in situ architecture. Here we use micro-computed tomography (microCT) to detect ex vivo aortic plaque established in three dyslipidemic mouse models of atherosclerosis. All three models lack the low-density lipoprotein receptor (Ldlr−/−), each differing in plaque severity, allowing the evaluation of different plaque volumes using microCT technology. From clearly identified lesions in the thoracic aorta from each model, we were able to determine plaque volume (0.04–3.1 mm3), intimal surface area (0.5–30 mm2), and maximum plaque (intimal-medial) thickness (0.1–0.7 mm). Further, quantification of aortic volume allowed calculation of vessel occlusion by the plaque. To validate microCT for future preclinical studies, we compared microCT data to intimal surface area (by using en face methodology). Both plaque surface area and plaque volume were in excellent correlation between microCT assessment and en face surface area (r2 = 0.99, p<0.0001 and r2 = 0.95, p<0.0001, respectively). MicroCT also identified internal characteristics of the lipid core and fibrous cap, which were confirmed pathologically as Stary type III-V lesions. These data validate the use of microCT technology to provide a more exact empirical measure of ex vivo plaque volume throughout the entire intact aorta in situ for the quantification of atherosclerosis in preclinical models.
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Gao F, Vasquez SX, Su F, Roberts S, Shah N, Grijalva V, Imaizumi S, Chattopadhyay A, Ganapathy E, Meriwether D, Johnston B, Anantharamaiah GM, Navab M, Fogelman AM, Reddy ST, Farias-Eisner R. L-5F, an apolipoprotein A-I mimetic, inhibits tumor angiogenesis by suppressing VEGF/basic FGF signaling pathways. Integr Biol (Camb) 2011; 3:479-89. [PMID: 21283904 DOI: 10.1039/c0ib00147c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We recently reported that apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) and apoA-I mimetic peptides inhibit tumor growth and improve survival in a mouse model of ovarian cancer. The current study was designed to examine whether inhibition of angiogenesis is one of the mechanisms for the observed anti-tumorigenic effects. The apoA-I mimetic peptide L-5F had no affect on proliferation and cell viability of human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) in the basal state; however, treatment with L-5F at 1, 3, and 10 μg ml(-1), dose-dependently inhibited both vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)- and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-induced proliferation, cell viability, migration, invasion and tube formation in HUVECs. L-5F inhibited VEGF- and bFGF-induced activation of their corresponding receptors, VEGFR2 and FGFR1, as well as downstream signaling pathways, including Akt and ERK1/2. MicroCT scanning and immunohistochemistry staining demonstrated that daily injection of L-5F (10 mg kg(-1)) decreased both the quantity and size of tumor vessels in mice. L-5F treated mice showed significantly reduced levels of VEGF in both tumor tissue and the circulation, which is consistent with in vitro data showing that L-5F inhibited production and secretion of VEGF from mouse and human ovarian cell lines in the absence and presence of exogenously added lysophosphatidic acid, a potent tumor promoter. In conclusion, our data that L-5F inhibits angiogenesis suggests that apoA-I mimetic peptides may serve as novel anti-angiogenesis agents for the treatment of angiogenesis-associated diseases, including cancer.
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Johnston B. Thanks to our reviewers. Inj Prev 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/ip.2010.031450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Johnston B, Ameratunga S, Blank D, Kendrick D, Pless B, Winston F. Getting your research published: writing for Injury Prevention. Inj Prev 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/ip.2010.029215.968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Oldford SA, Haidl ID, Howatt MA, Leiva CA, Johnston B, Marshall JS. Local Toll-like receptor-mediated mast cell activation inhibits melanoma growth. Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol 2010. [PMCID: PMC2874288 DOI: 10.1186/1710-1492-6-s1-p19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Braithwaite J, Greenfield D, Westbrook J, Pawsey M, Westbrook M, Gibberd R, Naylor J, Nathan S, Robinson M, Runciman B, Jackson M, Travaglia J, Johnston B, Yen D, McDonald H, Low L, Redman S, Johnson B, Corbett A, Hennessy D, Clark J, Lancaster J. Health service accreditation as a predictor of clinical and organisational performance: a blinded, random, stratified study. Qual Saf Health Care 2010; 19:14-21. [DOI: 10.1136/qshc.2009.033928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Soltow M, Zimmermann K, Pavlovic D, Zhou J, Whynot S, Hung O, Murphy M, Johnston B, Lehmann C. The TLR4 antagonist CRX-526 reduces LPS-induced leukocyte activation and improves capillary perfusion of the rat intestine. Crit Care 2010. [PMCID: PMC2934229 DOI: 10.1186/cc8240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Florence AJ, Bardin J, Johnston B, Shankland N, Griffin TAN, Shankland N. Structure determination from powder data: Mogul and CASTEP. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1524/zksu.2009.0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Johnston B, Moore D, Pelude L, Gravel D, Langley J, Hirji Z, Olekson K, Henderson E, John M, Newman A, Suh K, Taylor G. O65 Central venous catheter-related bloodstream infections in Canadian hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-8579(09)70212-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Johnston B, Moore D, Gravel D, John M, Taylor G, Pelude L, Henderson E, Hirji Z, Langley J, Newman A, Olekson K, Suh K. O25 Outcomes of central venous catheter (CVC)-related bloodstream infection (BSI) in patients hospitalized in Canadian intensive care units (ICU). Int J Antimicrob Agents 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-8579(09)70172-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Bai F, Iacono LC, Johnston B, Stewart CF. Determination of Gefitinib in Plasma by Liquid Chromatography with a C12 Column and Electrospray Tandem Mass Spectrometry Detection. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2009. [DOI: 10.1081/jlc-200029312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Johnston B. Last chances. Inj Prev 2009; 15:145. [DOI: 10.1136/ip.2009.022814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Johnston B. Global health research priorities: injury needs an advocate. Inj Prev 2009; 15:1. [DOI: 10.1136/ip.2008.021360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Maxim LD, Niebo R, Larosa S, Johnston B, Allison K, McConnell EE. Product stewardship in wollastonite production. Inhal Toxicol 2009; 20:1199-214. [PMID: 18855155 DOI: 10.1080/08958370802136749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In July 2002, NYCO Minerals, Inc., discovered a heretofore unknown contaminant in its wollastonite ore. The contaminant was first believed to be tremolite asbestos. Immediate efforts were made to eliminate this material. Additional studies were initiated to fully characterize the contaminant and its distribution in the ore body. Subsequent study by NYCO and their consultants led to the identification of the contaminant as a transition material (TM) intermediate between tremolite and talc. In vitro dissolution rate measurements indicated that the TM dissolved much more rapidly than tremolite asbestos. This article provides background information on wollastonite mineralogy and NYCO's product stewardship program (PSP). At present, NYCO Minerals uses selective mining to control the trace levels of TM in the ore and finished product verified by periodic monitoring of workplace air and finished product.
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Bert F, Panhard X, Johnson J, Lecuyer H, Moreau R, Le Grand J, Johnston B, Sinègre M, Valla D, Nicolas-Chanoine MH. Genetic background of Escherichia coli isolates from patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: relationship with host factors and prognosis. Clin Microbiol Infect 2009; 14:1034-40. [PMID: 19040475 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2008.02088.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a severe complication in patients with cirrhosis and ascites. It is predominantly caused by Escherichia coli. The phylogenetic group and virulence genotype of E. coli isolates causing SBP were investigated, and the association of these characteristics with host factors and prognosis was examined. Seventy-six episodes of E. coli SBP that occurred over a 9-year period were studied. The phylogenetic group of the isolates and the presence of 36 virulence factor genes were investigated. The influence of bacterial and host factors on in-hospital mortality was assessed by multiple logistic regression. Phylogenetic groups A, B1, B2 and D were found in 26%, 4%, 46% and 24% of the isolates, respectively. Virulence factor genes were more frequent in B2 isolates than in non-B2 isolates (mean virulence score 15.4 vs. 7.3, p <10(-4)). Ciprofloxacin resistance was significantly associated with non-B2 groups and a low virulence score. Host factors independently associated with a shift from B2 to non-B2 isolates were norfloxacin prophylaxis (OR 13.01, p 0.0213) and prothrombin ratio (OR 1.04 for a 10% decrease, p 0.0211). The model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score (OR 1.83, p 0.0007) and hospital-acquired SBP (OR 4.13, p 0.0247) were independent predictors of in-hospital mortality. In contrast, outcome was not influenced by the phylogenetic group or the virulence profile. These findings indicate that the characteristics of E. coli isolates causing SBP vary with the severity of liver disease and with fluoroquinolone prophylaxis. Host factors are more important than bacterial factors in predicting in-hospital mortality.
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Roth D, Johnston B, Vohra S. Which medications used in paediatric practice have demonstrated natural health product-drug interactions?: Part B: Clinical commentary. Paediatr Child Health 2008; 11:673-4. [PMID: 19030252 DOI: 10.1093/pch/11.10.673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Johnston B, Vohra S. Which medications used in paediatric practice have demonstrated natural health product-drug interactions?: Part A: Evidence-based answer and summary. Paediatr Child Health 2008; 11:671-2. [PMID: 19030251 DOI: 10.1093/pch/11.10.671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/05/2005] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Saunders KJ, Johnston B, Richardson P, Cooper B, Hill AE, Jackson AJ, Magee A, McClelland JF, Shannon M, Wolsley CJ. What can this child see? Practical interpretation of visual acuity (VA) measures for parents and teachers of visually impaired children. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1475-1313.2007.00530_9.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Aharonovich E, Hatzenbuehler ML, Johnston B, O'Leary A, Morgenstern J, Wainberg ML, Yao P, Helzer JE, Hasin DS. A low-cost, sustainable intervention for drinking reduction in the HIV primary care setting. AIDS Care 2007; 18:561-8. [PMID: 16831783 DOI: 10.1080/09540120500264134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Excess drinking poses multiple substantial health risks to HIV-infected individuals. However, no published intervention studies have focused on drinking reduction as the main outcome in HIV primary care patients. An intervention in this setting must place minimal demands on pressured staff and resources. This pilot study tested such an intervention, which consisted of brief Motivational Interviewing (MI) and HealthCall, an automated daily telephone self-monitoring system based on Interactive Voice Response (IVR), designed to extend and enhance the effects of brief MI. Thirty-one patients entered the study, received a 30-minute MI and were instructed in daily use of the IVR system. They received graphical feedback on their daily drinking from the HealthCall database after 30 days. A statistically significant decrease in drinking was found over time, both as reported in daily IVR calls (beta = - 0.01, se 0.01, p=.03) and in follow-up interviews (beta = - 0.04, se 0.12, p=.02) at 60 days. The proportion of daily calls made supported the feasibility of the intervention. The results indicate that HealthCall is acceptable to a disadvantaged HIV patient population, and preliminary data support the efficacy of this intervention in reducing harmful drinking among HIV primary care patients.
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Watson DG, Peyfoon E, Zheng L, Lu D, Seidel V, Johnston B, Parkinson JA, Fearnley J. Application of principal components analysis to 1H-NMR data obtained from propolis samples of different geographical origin. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2006; 17:323-31. [PMID: 17019933 DOI: 10.1002/pca.921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Propolis is a widely used natural remedy and a range of biological activities have been attributed to it. The chemical composition of propolis is highly variable and its quality is often controlled on the basis of one or two marker compounds. In order to progress towards a method for the quality control of this complex material, HPLC and 1H-NMR approaches as methods of quality control have been compared. HPLC analyses of 43 samples of propolis were carried out and six marker compounds were quantified in each sample. The same samples were analysed using 1H-NMR and the spectra were then converted into their first derivative forms and digitised using the software application MestRe-C. The digitised data were subjected to principal component analysis using the software application Simca-P. It was found that the chemical composition of propolis mapped well according to the geographical origins of the samples studied when the first three principal components were used to display them. In addition, each sample was assessed for anti-oxidant activity, and the results were then overlaid onto the sample groupings according to 1H-NMR data. It was observed that anti-oxidant properties also mapped quite well according to geographical origin.
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