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So CC, Wan TSK, Yip SF, Chan LC. A dual colour dual fusion fluorescence in situ hybridisation study on the genesis of complex variant translocations in chronic myelogenous leukaemia. Oncol Rep 2008; 19:1181-1184. [PMID: 18425374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Complex variant 9;22 translocations occur in a significant minority of chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML) patients. Different mechanisms of their formation have been described. We report dual colour dual fusion fluorescence in situ hybridisation data in 12 Chinese CML patients with complex translocations. Three previously reported breakpoint hotspots in a third partner chromosome (14q32, 17q25, 1q21) were observed. In 10/12 (83.3%) patients, the abnormality occurred as a single step 3-break event. Only a single abnormal clone harbouring the complex translocation was seen in this group. The remaining 2 cases in the chronic phase showed a 4-break mechanism (2/12, 16.7%). Deletion of 5' ABL at der(9) was not observed in any of the 12 patients, however, the loss of 3' BCR was observed in 1 patient (1/12, 8.3%). Together with previous findings, these data suggest that these variant translocations occur more often as a 3-break single-step process with no reciprocal ABL-BCR fusion. On the other hand, a 4-break event is also regularly seen during the initial stages of leukaemogenesis, which likely predisposes to der(9) deletion. The observed difference in rates of der(9) deletion reported in a series of CML patients with variant translocations may be related to a difference in rates of a 4-break event.
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MESH Headings
- China
- Chromosome Banding
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9
- Cytogenetic Analysis
- DNA Mutational Analysis
- Fluorescent Dyes/pharmacology
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics
- Gene Deletion
- Humans
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence/instrumentation
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence/methods
- Karyotyping
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/ethnology
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Translocation, Genetic
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So CC, Wan T, Yip SF, Chan LC. A dual colour dual fusion fluorescence in situ hybridisation study on the genesis of complex variant translocations in chronic myelogenous leukaemia. Oncol Rep 2008. [DOI: 10.3892/or.19.5.1181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Sun Q, So CC, Yip SF, Wan TSK, Ma SK, Chan LC. Functional alterations of Lin-CD34+CD38+ cells in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia and on progression to acute leukemia. Leuk Res 2008; 32:1374-81. [PMID: 18372040 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2008.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2007] [Revised: 01/15/2008] [Accepted: 02/13/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The functional behavior of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) and progenitors in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) and on disease progression is little known. We performed cell proliferation, apoptosis, hematopoietic colony forming/replating and differentiation potential studies in the purified subpopulations of Lin(-)CD34(+)CD38(-) and Lin(-)CD34(+)CD38(+) cells from 16 CMML with 6 cases after acute myeloid leukemia transformation (AML-t). We observed an expansion of the hematopoietic progenitor pool (Lin(-)CD34(+) cells) in AML-t comprising mainly Lin(-)CD34(+)CD38(+) cells. The Lin(-)CD34(+)CD38(+) cells in AML-t displayed high proliferative activity, resistance to apoptosis, enhanced myeloid colony formation/replating ability and a complete dendritic cell (DC) differentiation block. Our findings suggest Lin(-)CD34(+)CD38(+) cells instead of Lin(-)CD34(+)CD38(-) cells could be the target(s) of secondary genetic lesions underpinning progression from CMML to AML, which have implications for the further study of the biology of leukemic transformation and the design of new strategies for the effective treatment of CMML.
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So CC, Wan TSK, Yip SF, Ma SK, Lam CCC, Chan LC. Can morphological assessment limit the use of specific genetic testing to exclude chronic myeloid leukaemia? Br J Haematol 2007; 137:377. [PMID: 17374140 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2007.06568.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
MESH Headings
- Basophils/pathology
- Cytogenetic Analysis
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics
- Humans
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/diagnosis
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/pathology
- Megakaryocytes/pathology
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Wan T, So CC, Hui KC, Yip SF, Ma E, Chan LC. Diagnostic utility of dual fusion PML/RARα translocation DNA probe (D-FISH) in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Oncol Rep 2007. [DOI: 10.3892/or.17.4.799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Wan TSK, So CC, Hui KC, Yip SF, Ma ESK, Chan LC. Diagnostic utility of dual fusion PML/RARalpha translocation DNA probe (D-FISH) in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Oncol Rep 2007; 17:799-805. [PMID: 17342318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Translocation(15;17) leading to the formation of fusion gene PML/RARalpha is the diagnostic hallmark of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is one of the diagnostic tools employed for the detection of PML/RARalpha rearrangement. Using a dual color dual fusion (D-FISH) PML/RARalpha translocation DNA probe which hybridises both to PML/RARalpha and RARalpha/PML fusion genes, we characterised the FISH pattern of 52 APL patients at diagnosis and correlated the findings with conventional cytogenetics and RT-PCR analysis. The diagnostic sensitivity of the probe for PML/RARalpha was 100%. Seven patients had atypical D-FISH patterns; two had a masked PML/RARalpha fusion signal caused by the insertion of PML into RARalpha on 17q; 3 had an extra copy of PML/RARalpha in the form of isochromosome der(17)(q10)t(15;17) and one had duplication of the normal RARalpha gene with an ider(17q) masquerading as i(17)(q10). There was also one case of t(7;17;15) with a typical D-FISH pattern and in which metaphase FISH suggested an unusual 4-point break. In summary, PML/RARalpha D-FISH is a highly sensitive method for confirming diagnosis of APL. However D-FISH cannot be solely relied on for the diagnosis of APL owing to atypical patterns which are infrequently observed in cases with additional 17q structural abnormalities, gene insertion and gene duplication.
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So CC, Chan AYY, Tsang STY, Lee ACW, Au WY, Ma ESK, Chan LC. A novel beta-delta globin gene fusion, anti-Lepore Hong Kong, leads to overexpression of delta globin chain and a mild thalassaemia intermedia phenotype when co-inherited with beta(0)-thalassaemia. Br J Haematol 2007; 136:158-62. [PMID: 17222202 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2006.06383.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Anti-Lepore haemoglobins (Hb) are rare betadelta fusion variants that arise from non-homologous crossover during meiosis, resulting in a delta-betadelta-beta configuration. A novel anti-Lepore mutation (anti-Lepore Hong Kong) was found in two Chinese families with raised Hb A(2). Direct sequencing revealed a crossover within a 54-bp region spanning the junction of cap site (CAP) and exon 1, which predicted the production of normal delta-globin. Determination of alpha/beta-mRNA ratios by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction demonstrated downregulation of the beta gene in cis due to the interposed betadelta fusion gene. Although heterozygotes have normal red cell indices and are clinically silent, compound heterozygotes with beta(0) mutation in trans produce a mild thalassaemia intermedia phenotype with a markedly raised Hb A(2) level that may mimic clinically mild Hb E-beta(+)-thalassaemia. Awareness of the presence of anti-Lepore Hong Kong will help to resolve diagnostic problems in regions with significant prevalence of globin disorders.
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Chan AYY, So CC, Ma ESK, Chan LC. A laboratory strategy for genotyping haemoglobin H disease in the Chinese. J Clin Pathol 2006; 60:931-4. [PMID: 17018682 PMCID: PMC1994485 DOI: 10.1136/jcp.2006.042242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The thalassaemias are the commonest blood disorders worldwide, with South East Asia and southern China as areas of high prevalence. Accurate diagnosis of these disorders helps in clinical management with improved outcome. METHODS The alpha-globin genotypes of 100 Chinese patients in Hong Kong with haemoglobin H (Hb H) disease were characterised. Single-tube multiplex gap-PCR was used to detect --(SEA), -alpha(3.7) and -alpha(4.2), while Hb CS, Hb QS and codon 30 (DeltaGAG) were identified by single-tube multiplex amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS). Automated direct nucleotide sequencing of the amplified alpha2- and alpha1-globin genes was performed to characterise other non-deletional alpha-thalassaemia determinants. RESULTS In the 100 cases studied, 99 cases had --(SEA) in combination with deletional alpha(+)-thalassaemia or non-deletional alpha-globin gene mutation involving the alpha2-globin gene. In 70 cases of the deletional form, 43 cases showed the genotype of (--(SEA)/-alpha(3.7)) and 27 cases of (--(SEA)/-alpha(4.2)). Three of the 27 cases of (--(SEA)/-alpha(4.2)) were found to have Hb Q-Thailand linked in-cis with -alpha(4.2). The remaining 30 cases were of non-deletional form with the following genotypes: 11 cases of (--(SEA)/alpha(HbCS)alpha), 9 cases of (--(SEA)/alpha(HbQS)alpha), 3 cases of (--(SEA)/alpha(cd30 (DeltaGAG))alpha), 3 cases of (--(SEA)/alpha(cd31)alpha), 2 cases of (--(SEA)/alpha(poly-A)alpha), 1 case of (--(SEA)/alpha(HbWestmead)alpha) and 1 case of (--(non-SEA)/alpha(HbQS)alpha). CONCLUSIONS Based on two rapid diagnostic tests, multiplex gap-PCR and multiplex ARMS, more than 90% of the cases were genetically characterised. This laboratory strategy should be widely applicable for genetic diagnosis of alpha-thalassaemia.
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Chen YW, Hu XT, Liang AC, Au WY, So CC, Wong ML, Shen L, Tao Q, Chu KM, Kwong YL, Liang RH, Srivastava G. High BCL6 expression predicts better prognosis, independent of BCL6 translocation status, translocation partner, or BCL6-deregulating mutations, in gastric lymphoma. Blood 2006; 108:2373-83. [PMID: 16772602 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2006-05-022517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the role of BCL6 in the pathogenesis of gastric lymphoma, we analyzed the BCL6 promoter region for BCL6 translocations, somatic hypermutations, and deregulating mutations in 43 gastric lymphomas, including 4 extranodal marginal-zone B-cell lymphomas of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues (MALT lymphomas), 33 diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCLs), and 6 composite DLBCLs with residual MALT lymphoma (DLCLMLs). BCL6 promoter substitutions by immunoglobulin (Ig) and non-Ig translocation partners, resulting in its deregulation, were frequently involved in DLBCL (36.4%) and DLCLML (50%). Two novel BCL6 translocation partner genes, 28S rRNA and DMRT1, and a new BCL6 translocation breakpoint in intron 2 were also identified. Deregulating mutations were found only in DLBCL (24.2%), which correlated significantly with high BCL6 protein expression. Significantly, high BCL6 expression correlated strongly with longer overall survival (OS), independent of mechanism in gastric DLBCL and DLCLML. Gastric DLBCLs were further subclassified into germinal center B-cell-like (GCB) and non-GCB subgroups immunohistochemically. High BCL6 expression was detected in all GCB cases, irrespective of BCL6 genetic alterations. In the non-GCB subgroup, BCL6-deregulating mutations correlated significantly with high BCL6 expression level. No significant correlation was found between the BCL6 expression level and OS in the non-GCB subgroup, which had significantly poorer prognosis than the GCB subgroup.
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Wong KF, So CC. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with occult marrow involvement and a novel t(9;10)(q32;q22). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003; 147:68-70. [PMID: 14580773 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-4608(03)00156-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A 33-year-old man was found to have stage IV diffuse large cell lymphoma with visceral, cutaneous, and central nervous system involvement. Although examination of the posttreatment bone marrow failed to show morphologic evidence of lymphoma involvement, cytogenetic study of the marrow mononuclear cells showed the presence of a clonal abnormality t(9;10)(q32;q22), a hitherto undescribed chromosomal abnormality in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.
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Au WY, Lie AKW, Chim CS, Liang R, Ma SK, Chan CH, Mak YK, Chen YT, So CC, Yeung YM, Yip SF, Wong LG, Chan JC, Liu SY, Kwong YL. Arsenic trioxide in comparison with chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation for the treatment of relapsed acute promyelocytic leukaemia. Ann Oncol 2003; 14:752-7. [PMID: 12702530 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdg208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The best overall treatment strategy for patients with acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL) in relapse with chemotherapy, bone marrow transplantation (BMT) or arsenic trioxide (As(2)O(3)) based therapy remains undefined. PATIENTS AND METHODS We reviewed the clinical course and treatment outcome of 143 APL cases seen in four major hospitals in Hong Kong over a 10-year period. RESULTS Complete remission (CR) was attained in 113 cases (79%) with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and chemotherapy. Relapse occurred at a median of 16 months in 54 cases, with a 3-year disease free survival of 56%. Post-relapse treatment was successful in 41 cases (76%), giving an actuarial 3-year overall survival (OS) of 81% from CR1. Three different protocols were used: chemotherapy alone (n = 19), allogeneic BMT (n = 14) and an As(2)O(3)-based regimen (n = 21). Chemotherapy was associated with the highest treatment-related mortality (TRM) at 53%, giving a CR2 rate of 47%. TRM was 36% for BMT. The CR2 rate for the As(2)O(3)-based regimen was 100%, with no TRM. However, 38% of As(2)O(3) treated patients had subsequent relapses, which were further salvaged in 75% by combined As(2)O(3) plus ATRA. The actuarial OS for the three protocols leveled off by 2 years at 82% for As(2)O(3), 43% for BMT and 23% for chemotherapy (P = 0.0004). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that As(2)O(3) may be superior to chemotherapy and BMT for the treatment of APL in relapse.
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Wong KF, Yip SF, So CC, Lau GTC, Yeung YM. Cytomegalovirus infection associated with clonal proliferation of T-cell large granular lymphocytes: causal or casual? CANCER GENETICS AND CYTOGENETICS 2003; 142:77-9. [PMID: 12660039 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-4608(02)00739-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Clonal proliferation of T-cell large granular lymphocytes (LGL) is an indolent disorder characterized by splenomegaly, lymphocytosis and frequent manifestations of immune disturbances. The LGL are CD3(+) CD4(-) CD8(+) CD56(-). The clonality of the tumor cell population is often only demonstrable by T-cell receptor (TCR) gene rearrangement study because chromosomal abnormality is distinctly rare. We describe a case of T-cell LGL leukemia that presented initially as cytomegalovirus infection. The leukemic LGL are shown to be clonal by both TCR gene rearrangement and chromosomal studies. They persist after subsidence of the cytomegalovirus infection.
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Mak YK, Chan CH, Chen YT, Lau SM, So CC, Wong KF. Consolidation therapy with autologous blood stem cell transplantation in a patient with primary plasma cell leukaemia. CLINICAL AND LABORATORY HAEMATOLOGY 2003; 25:55-8. [PMID: 12542443 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2257.2003.00485.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Primary plasma cell leukaemia (PPCL) is a rare form of plasma cell dyscrasia. Conventional melphalan-based treatment is often ineffective, with a reported median survival of 2-7 months only. We report a 53-year-old man with PPCL who was treated with four cycles of combination chemotherapy including vincristine, adriamycin and dexamethasone that resulted in a good partial remission. High-dose melphalan 200 mg/m2 and autologous peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) rescue was then given 6 months after diagnosis. Maintenance interferon-alpha was started 8 weeks after transplantation with good drug compliance. Complete remission was achieved and molecular remission was documented 11 months after autologous PBSC transplantation. In conclusion, high-dose therapy followed by autologous stem cell rescue is a feasible option for PPCL that can result in a reasonably sustained remission.
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So CC, Wong KF. Transfusion medicine illustrated. A surfeit of spherocytes. Transfusion 2003; 43:131. [PMID: 12559005 DOI: 10.1046/j.1537-2995.2003.00244.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Wong KF, So CC. A novel t(2;3)(q31;p13) in acute myelocytic leukemia. CANCER GENETICS AND CYTOGENETICS 2002; 138:77-9. [PMID: 12419590 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-4608(02)00576-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We report a case of acute myelocytic leukemia without maturation exhibiting a novel t(2;3)(q31;p13). Conventional cytogenetics showed the concomitant occurrence of a single metaphase with 47,XX,+8. Nevertheless, interphase cytogenetics by fluorescence in situ hybridization using a chromosome 8 alpha-satellite DNA probe showed that the percentage of cells with three hybridization signals was within the control range.
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Wong KF, So CC. Hypoplastic myelodysplastic syndrome-a clinical, morphologic, or genetic diagnosis? CANCER GENETICS AND CYTOGENETICS 2002; 138:85-8. [PMID: 12419592 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-4608(02)00581-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We report a middle-aged female with an 11-year history of nonprogressive pancytopenia and severely hypoplastic marrow with minimal morphologic dysplasia. A diagnosis of hypoplastic myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) was made because of the finding of a persistent clonal abnormality, del(13)(q12q14), and the subsequent demonstration of a single Auer rod-containing blast in the peripheral blood smear. The case illustrates the problems in the differentiation between aplastic anemia and hypoplastic MDS.
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Wong KF, So CC, Lau G. Precursor T-lymphoblastic leukemia with a novel t(1;22)(p34;q13). CANCER GENETICS AND CYTOGENETICS 2002; 136:146-8. [PMID: 12237240 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-4608(02)00531-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A 37-year-old woman that presented with cervical lymphadenopathy and leukocytosis was found to have precursor T-lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). Cytogenetic study of the leukemic cells showed a 46,XX, t(1;22)(p34;q13) karyotype. The t(1;22)(p34;q13) is a novel chromosomal abnormality in human malignancies and is probably a variant form of the t(1;14)(p34;q11) found in precursor T-ALL.
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Wong KF, So CC, Chan JCW, Kho BCS, Chan JKC. Gain of chromosome 3/3q in B-cell chronic lymphoproliferative disorder is associated with plasmacytoid differentiation with or without IgM overproduction. CANCER GENETICS AND CYTOGENETICS 2002; 136:82-5. [PMID: 12165458 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-4608(02)00526-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Trisomy 3 has been reported to be associated with marginal zone B-cell lymphoma. However, its occurrence and significance in other B-cell chronic lymphoproliferative disorders has not been fully defined. We report five cases of B-cell chronic lymphoproliferative disorders showing gain of chromosome 3 or 3q. The patients were elderly males who presented with splenomegaly with or without hepatomegaly and lymphadenopathy. The diagnoses included chronic lymphocytic leukemia (3 cases), prolymphocytic leukemia (1 case), and Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (1 case). Distinctive feature in this group of patients was the plasmacytoid appearance of the leukemic lymphocytes, with an associated IgM hypergammaglobulinemia in three patients. The relationship between the gain of chromosome 3 and plasmacytoid differentiation in B-cell chronic lymphoproliferative disorders is discussed.
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So CC, Ma SK, Law KM, Chan AYY, Chan LC, Wong KF. Hb Kodaira II: a high oxygen affinity variant with a novel mutation in the beta-globin gene and phenotypic identity to Hb Kodaira. Hemoglobin 2002; 26:205-7. [PMID: 12144067 DOI: 10.1081/hem-120005462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Mak YK, Chan CH, So CC, Chan MK, Chu YC. Idiopathic myelofibrosis with extramedullary haemopoiesis involving the urinary bladder in a Chinese lady. CLINICAL AND LABORATORY HAEMATOLOGY 2002; 24:55-9. [PMID: 11843900 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2257.2002.00424.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Extramedullary haemopoiesis (EMH) associated with idiopathic myelofibrosis most commonly involves the reticuloendothelial organs, such as the spleen and liver, although ectopic haemopoietic tissue has also been described rarely in the lymph nodes, skin, gastrointestinal tract, pleura, peritoneum, central nervous system, and genital and urinary tracts. We report on a 54-year-old Chinese lady with a long history of idiopathic myelofibrosis who presented with gross haematuria and left hydronephrosis due to EMH in the bladder trigone. Cystoscopic examination revealed a sessile necrotic papillary growth at the trigone, obstructing the left ureteric orifice. Transurethral resection of the bladder tumour was performed, and microscopic examination of the tumour chips demonstrated atypical megakaryocytes, immature granulocytes and normoblasts, confirming the presence of EMH. The residual bladder tumour responded well to low dose radiotherapy, with subsequent disappearance of haematuria and normalization of ultrasonogram findings.
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Wong KF, So CC. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia with a novel der(8;15)(q10;q10) translocation. CANCER GENETICS AND CYTOGENETICS 2002; 132:159-60. [PMID: 11850081 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-4608(01)00556-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A 71-year-old male was found to have chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Cytogenetic study of the leukemic lymphocytes shows a 46,XY,der(8;15)+15. The der(8;15) is a novel chromosomal abnormality in human malignancies. The resulting loss of 8p and trisomy 15q are both unusual chromosomal changes in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
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Wong KF, So CC, Wong N, Siu LL, Kwong YL, Chan JK. Sinonasal angiosarcoma with marrow involvement at presentation mimicking malignant lymphoma: cytogenetic analysis using multiple techniques. CANCER GENETICS AND CYTOGENETICS 2001; 129:64-8. [PMID: 11520569 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-4608(01)00431-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Angiosarcoma of the head and neck most commonly involves the skin of the scalp or face; primary involvement of the sinonasal region is exceedingly rate. We report a patient with sinonasal angiosarcoma who showed marrow involvement at presentation. Marrow aspiration smears showed many large, often segregated blast-like cells, mimicking malignant lymphoma. However, trephine biopsy revealed formation of anastomosing vascular spaces by the tumor cells and immunoreactivity for CD31, supporting a diagnosis of angiosarcoma. DNA ploidy analysis showed an apparent diploidy. Nevertheless, conventional cytogenetics demonstrated very complex chromosomal abnormalities with the presence of multiple hypodiploid clones, together with several near-triploid to near-tetraploid clones showing structural abnormalities involving chromosomes 1, 3, 4, 9, 14, 16, 17, 18, and 22. The identification of these karyotypic changes has been facilitated by the application of comparative genomic hybridization and spectral karyotyping.
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So CC, Wong KF. Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia with a novel der(10)t(7;10)(q11;q26). CANCER GENETICS AND CYTOGENETICS 2001; 128:175-7. [PMID: 11478301 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-4608(01)00409-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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