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Denvir MA, Highet G, Boyd K, Robertson S, Cudmore S, Donald L, Haga K, Weir C, Murray SA. O-96 Phase 2 randomised controlled trial of future care planning in patients with advanced heart disease. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2015-000978.95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Lim NTY, Harder MJ, Kennedy AT, Lin CS, Weir C, Cowman AF, Call MJ, Schmidt CQ, Tham WH. Characterization of Inhibitors and Monoclonal Antibodies That Modulate the Interaction between Plasmodium falciparum Adhesin PfRh4 with Its Erythrocyte Receptor Complement Receptor 1. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:25307-21. [PMID: 26324715 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.657171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmodium falciparum parasites must invade red blood cells to survive within humans. Entry into red blood cells is governed by interactions between parasite adhesins and red blood cell receptors. Previously we identified that P. falciparum reticulocyte binding protein-like homologue 4 (PfRh4) binds to complement receptor 1 (CR1) to mediate entry of malaria parasites into human red blood cells. In this report we characterize a collection of anti-PfRh4 monoclonal antibodies and CR1 protein fragments that modulate the interaction between PfRh4 and CR1. We identify an anti-PfRh4 monoclonal that blocks PfRh4-CR1 interaction in vitro, inhibits PfRh4 binding to red blood cells, and as a result abolishes the PfRh4-CR1 invasion pathway in P. falciparum. Epitope mapping of anti-PfRh4 monoclonal antibodies identified distinct functional regions within PfRh4 involved in modulating its interaction with CR1. Furthermore, we designed a set of protein fragments based on extensive mutagenesis analyses of the PfRh4 binding site on CR1 and determined their interaction affinities using surface plasmon resonance. These CR1 protein fragments bind tightly to PfRh4 and also function as soluble inhibitors to block PfRh4 binding to red blood cells and to inhibit the PfRh4-CR1 invasion pathway. Our findings can aid future efforts in designing specific single epitope antibodies to block P. falciparum invasion via complement receptor 1.
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Denvir MA, Highet G, Boyd K, Robertson S, Cudmore S, Donald L, Haga K, Weir C, Murray S. PHASE 2 RANDOMISED CONTROLLED TRIAL OF FUTURE CARE PLANNING IN PATIENTS WITH ADVANCED HEART DISEASE. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2014-000838.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Jacobs J, Weir C, Evans RS, Staes C. Assessment of readiness for clinical decision support to aid laboratory monitoring of immunosuppressive care at U.S. liver transplant centers. Appl Clin Inform 2014; 5:988-1004. [PMID: 25589912 DOI: 10.4338/aci-2014-08-ra-0060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Following liver transplantation, patients require lifelong immunosuppressive care and monitoring. Computerized clinical decision support (CDS) has been shown to improve post-transplant immunosuppressive care processes and outcomes. The readiness of transplant information systems to implement computerized CDS to support post-transplant care is unknown. OBJECTIVES a) Describe the current clinical information system functionality and manual and automated processes for laboratory monitoring of immunosuppressive care, b) describe the use of guidelines that may be used to produce computable logic and the use of computerized alerts to support guideline adherence, and c) explore barriers to implementation of CDS in U.S. liver transplant centers. METHODS We developed a web-based survey using cognitive interviewing techniques. We surveyed 119 U.S. transplant programs that performed at least five liver transplantations per year during 2010-2012. Responses were summarized using descriptive analyses; barriers were identified using qualitative methods. RESULTS Respondents from 80 programs (67% response rate) completed the survey. While 98% of programs reported having an electronic health record (EHR), all programs used paper-based manual processes to receive or track immunosuppressive laboratory results. Most programs (85%) reported that 30% or more of their patients used external laboratories for routine testing. Few programs (19%) received most external laboratory results as discrete data via electronic interfaces while most (80%) manually entered laboratory results into the EHR; less than half (42%) could integrate internal and external laboratory results. Nearly all programs had guidelines regarding pre-specified target ranges (92%) or testing schedules (97%) for managing immunosuppressive care. Few programs used computerized alerting to notify transplant coordinators of out-of-range (27%) or overdue laboratory results (20%). CONCLUSIONS Use of EHRs is common, yet all liver transplant programs were largely dependent on manual paper-based processes to monitor immunosuppression for post-liver transplant patients. Similar immunosuppression guidelines provide opportunities for sharing CDS once integrated laboratory data are available.
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Rubio N, McKinstry B, Parker R, Pinnock H, Weir C, Hanley J, Yerramasu C, Cruz-Mantoani L, MacNee W, Rabinovich RA. M146 Validation Of Five Non-invasive Respiratory Rate Monitors In Patients With Copd In A Laboratory Setting. Thorax 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2014-206260.441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Denvir MA, Highet G, Robertson S, Cudmore S, Reid J, Ness A, Hogg K, Weir C, Murray S, Boyd K. Future Care Planning for patients approaching end-of-life with advanced heart disease: an interview study with patients, carers and healthcare professionals exploring the content, rationale and design of a randomised clinical trial. BMJ Open 2014; 4:e005021. [PMID: 25023130 PMCID: PMC4120336 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-005021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the optimal content and design of a clinical trial of an end-of-life intervention for advanced heart disease with patients, carers and healthcare professionals. DESIGN Qualitative interview and focus group study. SETTING Community and hospital-based focus groups and interviews. PARTICIPANTS Stable community-dwelling patients, informal carers (PC, n=15) and primary and secondary care based healthcare professionals (HCP, n=11). RESULTS PC highlighted fragmentation of services and difficulty in accessing specialist care as key barriers to good care. They felt that time for discussion with HCP was inadequate within current National Health Service (NHS) healthcare systems. HCP highlighted uncertainty of prognosis, explaining mortality risk to patients and switching from curative to palliative approaches as key challenges. Patient selection, nature of the intervention and relevance of trial outcomes were identified by HCP as key challenges in the design of a clinical trial. CONCLUSIONS PC and HCP expressed a number of concerns relevant to the nature and content of an end-of-life intervention for patients with advanced heart disease. The findings of this study are being used to support a phase II randomised clinical trial of Future Care Planning in advanced heart disease.
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Chandrasekaran NC, Weir C, Alfraji S, Grice J, Roberts MS, Barnard RT. Effects of magnesium deficiency--more than skin deep. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2014; 239:1280-91. [PMID: 24928863 DOI: 10.1177/1535370214537745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Dead Sea and magnesium salt therapy are two of the oldest forms of treatment for skin disease and several other disorders, supported by a body of largely anecdotal evidence. In this paper we review possible pathways for penetration of magnesium ions through the epidermis to reach the circulation, in turn replenishing cellular magnesium levels. We also discuss mechanisms for intercellular movement of magnesium ions and possible mechanisms for the interaction between magnesium ions and inflammatory mediators. Upon addition of magnesium ions in vitro, the expression of inflammatory mediators such as tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα) and nuclear factor κβ (NFκβ) is down regulated. Dysregulation of these and other inflammatory mediators has been linked to several inflammatory disorders, including asthma, arthritis, atherosclerosis and neuroinflammation.
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Hudson SF, Colclough R, Campbell F, Pereira B, Leek J, Sullivan A, Davies C, Weir C. M21 Space to breathe: A new hospice based palliative care, respiratory and psychology programme for patients with severe COPD and their carers. Thorax 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2013-204457.431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Rodriguez A, Lewis S, Murray G, Krishan A, Butcher I, Weir C. Statistical analysis plans (SAPS) for academic clinical trials at the edinburgh clinical trials unit: what should they contain? Trials 2013. [PMCID: PMC3981655 DOI: 10.1186/1745-6215-14-s1-o102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
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Hansen CH, Weir C, Warner P, Critchley H. An integrated approach to the development of a Bayesian response-adaptive dose-finding study using sas and winbugs. Trials 2013. [PMCID: PMC3981579 DOI: 10.1186/1745-6215-14-s1-o74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Wardlaw JM, Muir KW, Macleod MJ, Weir C, McVerry F, Carpenter T, Shuler K, Thomas R, Acheampong P, Dani K, Murray A. Clinical relevance and practical implications of trials of perfusion and angiographic imaging in patients with acute ischaemic stroke: a multicentre cohort imaging study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2013; 84:1001-7. [PMID: 23644501 PMCID: PMC3756443 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2012-304807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In randomised trials testing treatments for acute ischaemic stroke, imaging markers of tissue reperfusion and arterial recanalisation may provide early response indicators. OBJECTIVE To determine the predictive value of structural, perfusion and angiographic imaging for early and late clinical outcomes and assess practicalities in three comprehensive stroke centres. METHODS We recruited patients with potentially disabling stroke in three stroke centres, performed magnetic resonance (MR) or CT, including perfusion and angiography imaging, within 6 h, at 72 h and 1 month after stroke. We assessed the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score serially and functional outcome at 3 months, tested associations between clinical variables and structural imaging, several perfusion parameters and angiography. RESULTS Among 83 patients, median age 71 (maximum 89), median NIHSS 7 (range 1-30), 38 (46%) received alteplase, 41 (49%) had died or were dependent at 3 months. Most baseline imaging was CT (76%); follow-up was MR (79%) despite both being available acutely. At presentation, perfusion lesion size varied considerably between parameters (p<0.0001); 40 (48%) had arterial occlusion. Arterial occlusion and baseline perfusion lesion extent were both associated with baseline NIHSS (p<0.0001). Recanalisation by 72 h was associated with 1 month NIHSS (p=0.0007) and 3 month functional outcome (p=0.048), whereas tissue reperfusion, using even the best perfusion parameter, was not (p=0.11, p=0.08, respectively). CONCLUSION Early recanalisation on angiography appeared to predict clinical outcome more directly than did tissue reperfusion. Acute assessment with CT and follow-up with MR was practical and feasible, did not preclude image analysis, and would enhance trial recruitment and generalisability of results.
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Edwards D, Fletcher K, Deller R, McManus R, Lasserson D, Giles M, Sims D, Norrie J, McGuire G, Cohn S, Whittle F, Hobbs V, Weir C, Mant J. RApid Primary care Initiation of Drug treatment for Transient Ischaemic Attack (RAPID-TIA): study protocol for a pilot randomised controlled trial. Trials 2013; 14:194. [PMID: 23819476 PMCID: PMC3716929 DOI: 10.1186/1745-6215-14-194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2012] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background People who have a transient ischaemic attack (TIA) or minor stroke are at high risk of a recurrent stroke, particularly in the first week after the event. Early initiation of secondary prevention drugs is associated with an 80% reduction in risk of stroke recurrence. This raises the question as to whether these drugs should be given before being seen by a specialist – that is, in primary care or in the emergency department. The aims of the RAPID-TIA pilot trial are to determine the feasibility of a randomised controlled trial, to analyse cost effectiveness and to ask: Should general practitioners and emergency doctors (primary care physicians) initiate secondary preventative measures in addition to aspirin in people they see with suspected TIA or minor stroke at the time of referral to a specialist? Methods/Design This is a pilot randomised controlled trial with a sub-study of accuracy of primary care physician diagnosis of TIA. In the pilot trial, we aim to recruit 100 patients from 30 general practices (including out-of-hours general practice centres) and 1 emergency department whom the primary care physician diagnoses with TIA or minor stroke and randomly assign them to usual care (that is, initiation of aspirin and referral to a TIA clinic) or usual care plus additional early initiation of secondary prevention drugs (a blood-pressure lowering protocol, simvastatin 40 mg and dipyridamole 200 mg m/r bd). The primary outcome of the main study will be the number of strokes at 90 days. The diagnostic accuracy sub-study will include these 100 patients and an additional 70 patients in whom the primary care physician thinks the diagnosis of TIA is possible, rather than probable. For the pilot trial, we will report recruitment rate, follow-up rate, a preliminary estimate of the primary event rate and occurrence of any adverse events. For the diagnostic study, we will calculate sensitivity and specificity of primary care physician diagnosis using the final TIA clinic diagnosis as the reference standard. Discussion This pilot study will be used to estimate key parameters that are needed to design the main study and to estimate the accuracy of primary care diagnosis of TIA. The planned follow-on trial will have important implications for the initial management of people with suspected TIA. Trial registration ISRCTN62019087
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Lockington D, MacDonald R, King S, Weir C, Winter A, Aitken C. Multiplex PCR testing requires a robust multi-disciplinary strategy to effectively manage identified cases of chlamydial conjunctivitis. Scott Med J 2013; 58:77-82. [DOI: 10.1177/0036933013482635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Implementation of an in-house polymerase chain reaction (PCR) multiplex assay by West of Scotland Specialist Virology Centre to improve sample processing means all viral eye swabs are now routinely tested for Adenovirus, Herpes simplex, Varicella and Chlamydia. Concern was raised regarding subsequent management and sexual health attendance for Chlamydia-positive patients identified in eye casualty. Methods A retrospective review of virology results identified 76 Chlamydia-positive patients from 1914 eye swabs (4%) from May 2007 to April 2008. Of these results, 12 originated from Glasgow eye casualty and available clinical notes were cross-referenced with the sexual health network (Sandyford). Results Identified issues included no documentation of implications of testing, poor communication of positive results and poor referral pathways to sexual health for assessment; all leading to inadequate management. A shared care network was created to address these issues. A designated sexual health advisor was identified to improve sexual health referral, specialist assessment, standardised management and contact tracing. Re-audit showed more consistent follow-up. Conclusion New PCR technology has resulted in a shared care approach to address corresponding implications of testing. Effective communication with a structured protocol and a central point of contact has improved follow-up and ensures appropriate best practice management of chlamydial conjunctivitis.
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Thompson R, Lewis A, Weir C. Patient-reported quality-of-life after radiofrequency ablation of varicose veins compared to conventional surgery. Ir J Med Sci 2013; 182:639-42. [PMID: 23543415 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-013-0944-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Accepted: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to compare patient-reported quality-of-life scores after radiofrequency ablation (RFA) compared to conventional surgery using the Aberdeen Varicose Vein Questionnaire (AVVQ). METHODS A postal questionnaire based on the AVVQ was sent out to 105 patients who underwent RFA and 50 patients who underwent surgery for varicose veins in our unit over a 14-month period. Responses were analysed according to sex and compared between the two groups to determine if there is a difference in the patient-reported quality-of-life scores. The mean AVVQ was calculated for both groups. RESULTS Responses were received from 57 patients who underwent RFA and 27 patients who had surgery. In the domains of itch, discolouration, analgesia use, ankle swelling, cosmetic concern due to their varicose veins and reporting that their varicose veins affect their choice of clothing, there was a statistically significant difference favouring RFA in female patients. Conversely, in men, there was a statistically significant difference in favour of conventional surgery in the domains of pain, itch, analgesia use, cosmetic concern, affecting choice of clothing and affecting daily activities. There was no statistically significant difference in the mean AVVQ scores. CONCLUSIONS This study has shown that for the female patients in our patient population, RFA results in generally better quality-of-life scores than conventional surgery when assessed using the disease-specific AVVQ. In this cohort, there was a statistically significant difference favouring conventional surgery in men. A number of potentially confounding variables have been discussed.
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Walton SF, Weir C. The interplay between diet and emerging allergy: what can we learn from Indigenous Australians? Int Rev Immunol 2012; 31:184-201. [PMID: 22587020 DOI: 10.3109/08830185.2012.667180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The pathophysiology of atopic diseases, including asthma and allergy, is the result of complex gene-environment interactions. Since European colonization the Indigenous population of Australia has undergone significant changes with respect to their lifestyle as hunter-gatherers. These changes have had a detrimental effect on Aboriginal health, in part due to immunological modification. This review provides a comparative look at both the traditional Aboriginal/Indigenous diet and modern Western diets, examines some common allergies increasingly reported in contemporary Indigenous populations, and reviews concepts such the effect of vitamin deficiencies and changes in gut microbiota on immune function.
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Weir C, Yeatts K, Vizuete W, London S, Salo P, Jaramillo R, Zeldin D. 1. Ambient Air Pollution and Allergic Sensitization: Results from the National Health and Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2006. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2011.12.932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Coupar F, Pollock A, Rowe P, Weir C, Langhorne P. Predictors of upper limb recovery after stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Rehabil 2011; 26:291-313. [PMID: 22023891 DOI: 10.1177/0269215511420305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 243] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To systematically review and summarize the current available literature on prognostic variables relating to upper limb recovery following stroke. To identify which, if any variables predict upper limb recovery following stroke. DATA SOURCES We completed searches in MEDLINE, EMBASE, AMED, CINAHL and Cochrane CENTRAL databases. Searches were completed in November 2010. REVIEW METHODS Studies were included if predictor variables were measured at baseline and linked to an outcome of upper limb recovery at a future time point. Exclusion criteria included predictor variables relating to response to treatment and outcome measurements of very specific upper limb impairments such as spasticity or pain. Two independent reviewers completed data extraction and assessed study quality. RESULTS Fifty-eight studies met the inclusion criteria. Predictor variables which have been considered within these studies include; age, sex, lesion site, initial motor impairment, motor-evoked potentials and somatosensory-evoked potentials. Initial measures of upper limb impairment and function were found to be the most significant predictors of upper limb recovery; odds ratio 14.84 (95% confidence intervals (CI) 9.08-24.25) and 38.62 (95% CI 8.40-177.53), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Interpretation of these results is complicated by methodological factors including variations in study populations, upper limb motor outcome scales, timing of baseline and outcome assessments and predictors selected. The most important predictive factors for upper limb recovery following stroke appears to the initial severity of motor impairment or function.
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Stephens-Stidham S, Trudeau J, Istre G, Weir C, Johnson U, Anderson R. Using lay home educators to provide safety messages in Dallas, TX, USA. Inj Prev 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/ip.2010.029215.261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Legg LA, Langhorne P, Tierney J, Stott DJ, Weir C, Smith LN. Non-pharmacological interventions for caregivers of stroke survivors. THE COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd008179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Weir C, Morel-Kopp MC, Gill A, Tinworth K, Ladd L, Hunyor SN, Ward C. Mesenchymal stem cells: isolation, characterisation and in vivo fluorescent dye tracking. Heart Lung Circ 2008; 17:395-403. [PMID: 18396458 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2008.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2007] [Revised: 01/15/2008] [Accepted: 01/20/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Cell therapies have been used to regenerate the heart by direct myocardial delivery, by coronary infusion and by surface attached scaffolds. Multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) with capacity to differentiate into cardiomyocytes and other cell lines have been predominantly trialled in rodents. However, large animal models are increasingly needed to translate basic research into new, safe regenerative therapies. Understanding the mode of action of cell therapies in the mammalian heart has been limited by cell tracking capability. This study examined the ability to track the fate of allogeneic MSC in sheep using various fluorescent dyes. MSC isolated from sheep bone marrow were grown in culture following extraction and flow cytometric characterisation. After labelling with fluorescent tracking dyes (e.g. CFSE and DiI) cells were tested for in vitro and in vivo signal up to six weeks. Labelling effect on cell division and differentiation was studied. Several dyes lost fluorescence and slowed cell division. However, the thiol reactive dye CM-DiI showed detectable in vivo fluorescence in labelled MSC six weeks after injection into sheep skeletal muscle and two weeks after implantation of an MSC coated biomaterial scaffold. CM-DiI labelled MSC differentiated in vitro showed label retention over four weeks. The fluorescent membrane dye CM-DiI tracks implanted sheep MSC and provides an alternative to traditional cell markers such as gene modified GFP.
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Bloor M, Neale J, Weir C, Robertson M, McKeganey N. Severity of drug dependence does not predict changes in drug users’ behaviour over time. CRITICAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/09581590802070845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Dawson J, Weir C, Wright F, Bryden C, Aslanyan S, Lees K, Bird W, Walters M. Associations between meteorological variables and acute stroke hospital admissions in the west of Scotland. Acta Neurol Scand 2008; 117:85-9. [PMID: 18184342 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.2007.00916.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We combined a large clinical stroke registry with the UK Met Office database to assess the association between meteorological variables and specific clinical subtypes of acute stroke. METHODS We used negative binomial regression and Poisson regression techniques to explore the effect of meteorological values to hospital with acute stroke. Differential effects of atmospheric conditions upon stroke subtypes were also investigated. RESULTS Data from 6389 patients with acute stroke were examined. The mean age (SD) was 71.2 (13.0) years. About 5723 (90%) patients suffered ischaemic stroke of which 1943 (34%) were lacunar. Six hundred and sixty-six patients (10%) had haemorrhagic stroke. Every 1 degrees C increase in mean temperature during the preceding 24 h was associated with a 2.1% increase in ischaemic stroke admissions (P = 0.004). A fall in atmospheric pressure over the preceding 48 h was associated with increased rate of haemorrhagic stroke admissions (P = 0.045). Higher maximum daily temperature gave a greater increase in lacunar stroke admissions than in other ischaemic strokes (P = 0.035). CONCLUSION We report a measurable effect of atmospheric conditions upon stroke incidence in a temperate climate.
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Neale J, Bloor M, Weir C. Problem drug users and assault: Response to Galvani. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG POLICY 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2006.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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