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Russell D, Szanton S, Feinberg J, Bowles K. A PILOT STUDY ASSESSING IN-HOME ACTIVITY PERFORMANCE AMONG VULNERABLE OLDER ADULTS IN NEW YORK CITY. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Chase J, Huang L, Russell D, Hanlon A, O’Connor M, Robinson K, Bowles K. RACIAL AND ETHNIC DISPARITIES IN ADL DISABILITY AFTER HOSPITALIZATION AMONG OLDER HOME CARE RECIPIENTS. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.3853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Chen F, Shapiro GI, Bennett KA, Ingram SN, Thompson D, Vincent C, Russell DJF, Embling CB. Shipping noise in a dynamic sea: a case study of grey seals in the Celtic Sea. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2017; 114:372-383. [PMID: 27677390 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.09.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Shipping noise is a threat to marine wildlife. Grey seals are benthic foragers, and thus experience acoustic noise throughout the water column, which makes them a good model species for a case study of the potential impacts of shipping noise. We used ship track data from the Celtic Sea, seal track data and a coupled ocean-acoustic modelling system to assess the noise exposure of grey seals along their tracks. It was found that the animals experience step changes in sound levels up to ~20dB at a frequency of 125Hz, and ~10dB on average over 10-1000Hz when they dive through the thermocline, particularly during summer. Our results showed large seasonal differences in the noise level experienced by the seals. These results reveal the actual noise exposure by the animals and could help in marine spatial planning.
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Al-kaisey A, Jones N, Russell D, Hare D, Kearney L, Srivastava P, Mark H, Oliver L. When the Pathologist Makes the Diagnosis. Heart Lung Circ 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2017.06.256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Peat R, Furlong J, Spencer E, Russell D, Ledson M, Walshaw MJ. P250 Real flight spo2 compares with hypoxic challenge testing in adults with cystic fibrosis. Thorax 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2016-209333.393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Peat R, Szymczyk P, Russell D, Nazareth D, Shaw M, Walshaw MJ. P254 Validation of telemedicine spirometry. Thorax 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2016-209333.397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Peat R, Furlong J, Byrne T, Young R, Kangombe A, Elkin T, Renwick S, Russell D, Oelbaum S, Burhan H, Walker PP. P198 Anchoring copd screening to drug services in heroin and crack smokers to improve diagnosis. Thorax 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2016-209333.341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Hussein H, Dulin J, Smanik L, Drost WT, Russell D, Wellman M, Bertone A. Repeated oral administration of a cathepsin K inhibitor significantly suppresses bone resorption in exercising horses with evidence of increased bone formation and maintained bone turnover. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2016; 40:327-334. [DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Dahl A, Russell D. Transcranial Doppler Examination Of The Middle Cerebral Arteries During Cluster Headache Attacks. Cephalalgia 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/03331024870070s6145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Dahl A, Russell D. Cluster Headache: Middle Cerebral Artery Velocities Following The Administration Of Glyceryl Nitrate. Cephalalgia 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/03331024870070s6134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Russell D, Gludish D, Jambo K, Mwandumba H. 15 Is the lung a site of productive HIV infection that persists through ART? J Virus Erad 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s2055-6640(20)30960-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Dunlop O, Rootwelt K, Rklund R, Bruun JN, Russell D, Nyberg-Hansen R. Reduced Global Cerebral Blood Flow in Non-Demented HIV Positive Patients. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 1:71-8. [PMID: 16873180 DOI: 10.1300/j128v01n04_07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Twelve non-demented HIV positive men with different degrees of immunodeficiency were examined with single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). Reduction in relative global cerebral blood flow was found in HIV positive patients compared to healthy HIV negative controls (p = 0.014). In the patients there was also a change in cerebral flow distribution, with lower global flow compared to central flow (p = 0.01), most pronounced in patients with early disease. In the patients with advanced HIV disease the relative cerebral blood flow was lower than in the controls in 108 of 116 (93%) regions investigated.
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Roof SR, Boslett J, Russell D, del Rio C, Alecusan J, Zweier JL, Ziolo MT, Hamlin R, Mohler PJ, Curran J. Insulin-like growth factor 1 prevents diastolic and systolic dysfunction associated with cardiomyopathy and preserves adrenergic sensitivity. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2016; 216:421-34. [PMID: 26399932 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Revised: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1)-dependent signalling promotes exercise-induced physiological cardiac hypertrophy. However, the in vivo therapeutic potential of IGF-1 for heart disease is not well established. Here, we test the potential therapeutic benefits of IGF-1 on cardiac function using an in vivo model of chronic catecholamine-induced cardiomyopathy. METHODS Rats were perfused with isoproterenol via osmotic pump (1 mg kg(-1) per day) and treated with 2 mg kg(-1) IGF-1 (2 mg kg(-1) per day, 6 days a week) for 2 or 4 weeks. Echocardiography, ECG, and blood pressure were assessed. In vivo pressure-volume loop studies were conducted at 4 weeks. Heart sections were analysed for fibrosis and apoptosis, and relevant biochemical signalling cascades were assessed. RESULTS After 4 weeks, diastolic function (EDPVR, EDP, tau, E/A ratio), systolic function (PRSW, ESPVR, dP/dtmax) and structural remodelling (LV chamber diameter, wall thickness) were all adversely affected in isoproterenol-treated rats. All these detrimental effects were attenuated in rats treated with Iso+IGF-1. Isoproterenol-dependent effects on BP were attenuated by IGF-1 treatment. Adrenergic sensitivity was blunted in isoproterenol-treated rats but was preserved by IGF-1 treatment. Immunoblots indicate that cardioprotective p110α signalling and activated Akt are selectively upregulated in Iso+IGF-1-treated hearts. Expression of iNOS was significantly increased in both the Iso and Iso+IGF-1 groups; however, tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) levels were decreased in the Iso group and maintained by IGF-1 treatment. CONCLUSION IGF-1 treatment attenuates diastolic and systolic dysfunction associated with chronic catecholamine-induced cardiomyopathy while preserving adrenergic sensitivity and promoting BH4 production. These data support the potential use of IGF-1 therapy for clinical applications for cardiomyopathies.
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Mulhall BP, Wright ST, De La Mata N, Allen D, Brown K, Dickson B, Grotowski M, Jackson E, Petoumenos K, Foster R, Read T, Russell D, Smith DJ, Templeton DJ, Fairley CK, Law MG. Risk factors associated with incident sexually transmitted infections in HIV-positive patients in the Australian HIV Observational Database: a prospective cohort study. HIV Med 2016; 17:623-30. [PMID: 27019207 DOI: 10.1111/hiv.12371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We established a subcohort of HIV-positive individuals from 10 sexual health clinics within the Australian HIV Observational Database (AHOD). The aim of this study was to assess demographic and other factors that might be associated with an incident sexually transmitted infection (STI). METHODS The cohort follow-up was from March 2010 to March 2013, and included patients screened at least once for an STI. We used survival methods to determine time to first new and confirmed incident STI infection (chlamydia, gonorrhoea, syphilis or genital warts). Factors evaluated included sex, age, mode of HIV exposure, year of AHOD enrolment, hepatitis B or C coinfection, time-updated CD4 cell count, time-updated HIV RNA viral load, and prior STI diagnosis. RESULTS There were 110 first incident STI diagnoses observed over 1015 person-years of follow-up, a crude rate of 10.8 [95% confidence interval (CI) 9.0-13.0] per 100 person-years. Factors independently associated with increased risk of incident STI included younger age [≥ 50 vs. 30-39 years old, adjusted hazards ratio (aHR) 0.4; 95% CI 0.2-0.8; P < 0.0001]; prior STI infection (aHR 2.5; 95% CI 1.6-3.8; P < 0.001), and heterosexual vs. men who have sex with men (MSM) as the likely route of exposure (aHR 0.2; 95% CI 0.1-0.6; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS In this cohort of individualsbeing treated with antiretroviral drugs, those who were MSM, who were 30-39 years old, and who had a prior history of STI, were at highest risk of a further STI diagnosis.
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Politis J, Lau S, Yeoh J, Brand C, Russell D, Liew D. Overview of shorthand medical glossary (OMG) study. Intern Med J 2016; 45:423-7. [PMID: 25827509 DOI: 10.1111/imj.12668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shorthand is commonplace in clinical notation. While many abbreviations are standard and widely accepted, an increasing number are non-standard and/or unrecognisable. AIM We sought to describe the frequency of inappropriate and ambiguous shorthand in discharge summaries. METHODS Eighty electronic discharge summaries from the four General Medical Units at the Royal Melbourne Hospital were randomly extracted from the hospital's electronic records. Extraction was stratified by the four units and by the four quarters between July 2012 and June 2013. All abbreviations were assigned into one of four categories according to appropriateness: 1. 'Universally accepted and understood even without context'; 2. 'Understood when in context'; 3. 'Understood but inappropriate and/or ambiguous'; and 4. 'Unknown'. These categories were determined by the authors, which included junior and senior medical staff. RESULTS The 80 discharge summaries contained 840 different abbreviations used on 6269 occasions. Of all words, 20.1% were abbreviations. Of the 6269 occasions of shorthand, 6.8% were categorised as 'Understood but inappropriate and/or ambiguous' or 'Unknown' (category 3 or 4), equating to 1.4% of all words, and an average of 5.4 words per discharge summary. CONCLUSION Abbreviations are common in electronic discharge summaries, occurring at a frequency of one in five words. While the majority of shorthand used seems to be appropriate, the use of inappropriate, ambiguous or unknown shorthand is still frequent. This has implications for safe and effective patient care and highlights the need for better awareness and education regarding use of shorthand in clinical notation.
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Lee LK, Goren A, Zou KH, Odell K, Russell D, Araiza AL, Luo X. Potential benefits of diagnosis and treatment on health outcomes among elderly people with symptoms of overactive bladder. Int J Clin Pract 2016; 70:66-81. [PMID: 26662296 PMCID: PMC4738527 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.12758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study examined potential benefits of diagnosing and treating elderly adults with overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms. METHODS Data were analysed from the OAB Re-Contact Study (N = 2750), a cross-sectional, self-reported Internet survey. Elderly respondents (65+ years old) with OAB were identified according to current medication use to control OAB symptoms or by scores > 14 (men) or > 16 (women) on the OAB Awareness Tool. Treated were those currently using prescription medication and never treated were those who never used prescription medication for OAB. Outcome measures included health-related quality of life, activity impairment, OAB-related severity and symptoms, and healthcare resource use (e.g. hospitalisations). Generalised linear models predicted health outcomes as a function of diagnosis or treatment, adjusting for covariates. RESULTS Diagnosed vs. not diagnosed elderly respondents had higher mental component summary (MCS) scores and SF-6D health utilities, and less activity impairment. Treated vs. never treated elderly respondents had higher MCS and SF-6D health utilities, less activity impairment, fewer OAB symptoms, lower OAB Awareness Tool scores, and lower odds of having bladder problems or incontinence. There were no significant differences in healthcare resource use. Further analysis by age group (middle-aged vs. elderly respondents) revealed significantly greater diagnosis- and treatment-related benefits on MCS (2.93 and 4.49 points more, respectively) and activity impairment (1.24 and 1.37 times as much, respectively) among elderly respondents. CONCLUSIONS Diagnosis and treatment were each associated with a lower health burden for elderly adults with OAB symptoms. These findings highlighted the importance of diagnosis and treatment in alleviating OAB symptoms and their impact on health outcomes.
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Bosanquet D, Ansell J, Abdelrahman T, Cornish J, Harries R, Stimpson A, Davies L, Glasbey J, Frewer K, Frewer N, Russell D, Russell I, Torkington J. Systematic review and meta regression of factors affecting midline incisional hernia rates: An analysis of 14,618 patients. Int J Surg 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2015.07.307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Hov MR, Nome T, Zakariassen E, Russell D, Røislien J, Lossius HM, Lund CG. Assessment of acute stroke cerebral CT examinations by anaesthesiologists. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2015; 59:1179-86. [PMID: 25976840 PMCID: PMC5029598 DOI: 10.1111/aas.12542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Revised: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background and purpose It is essential to diagnose ischaemic stroke as soon as possible after symptom onset, so that thrombolytic treatment can be initiated as quickly as possible. This might be greatly facilitated if cerebral CT could be carried out in a pre‐hospital setting. The aim of this study was to evaluate if anaesthesiologists, who in Norway provide pre‐hospital medical care, could be trained to assess cerebral CT scans to exclude radiological contraindications for thrombolytic stroke treatment. Methods Thirteen anaesthesiologists attended an 8‐h course in acute stroke assessment, including a 2‐h introduction to the neuroradiology of acute stroke. Each participant then assessed 12 non‐contrast cerebral CT examinations of acute stroke patients with specific regard to radiological contraindications for thrombolytic therapy. Test results were compared with those of three experienced neuroradiologists. Inter‐rater agreement between anaesthesiologists and neuroradiologists was calculated using Cohen's Kappa statistics. Robustness of the results was assessed using the non‐parametric bootstrap. Results Among the neuroradiologists, Kappa was 1 for detecting radiological contraindications for thrombolytic therapy. Twelve of the 13 anaesthesiologists showed good or excellent agreement (Kappa > 0.60) with the neuroradiologists. The anaesthesiologists spent a median time of 2 min and 18 s on each CT scan. Conclusions This study suggests that anaesthesiologists who are experienced in pre‐hospital care may be quickly trained to assess cerebral CT examinations in acute stroke patients with regard to radiological contraindications for thrombolytic therapy.
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Guy R, Jamil MS, Fairley C, Smith K, Grulich A, Bradley J, Kaldor J, Chen M, McNulty A, Holt M, Ryan D, Batrouney C, Russell D, Bavinton B, Keen P, Conway DP, Wand H, Prestage G. P17.07 Sexual risk behaviour predicts more frequent use of hiv self-testing: early findings from the forth trial. Br J Vener Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2015-052270.585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Patruno J, Yeganeh S, Russell D. P18.07 Hiv post-exposure prophylaxis in an australian regional centre: patient demographics and outcomes from 2011–2014. Br J Vener Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2015-052270.630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Jamil MS, Bavinton B, Guy R, Fairley C, Grulich A, Holt M, Smith K, Chen M, McNulty A, Conway DP, Keen P, Bradley J, Russell D, Kaldor J, Prestage G. P17.10 Hiv testing self-efficacy is associated with higher hiv testing frequency and perceived likelihood to self-test among gay and bisexual men. Br J Vener Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2015-052270.588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Chiang Y, Russell D, Rosario M, Wang S. Laser-assisted hatching in early blast is optimal for trophectoderm biopsy of mouse embryos. Fertil Steril 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.07.883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Wahbi-Izzettin O, Yudi M, Russell D, MacIntyre P, Galligan L, Roberts-Thomson P, Dwyer N, Black A. Trends, clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients undergoing FFR-guided management in a real world cohort. Heart Lung Circ 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2015.06.468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Harold PD, de Souza AS, Louchart P, Russell D, Brunt H. Development of a risk-based prioritisation methodology to inform public health emergency planning and preparedness in case of accidental spill at sea of hazardous and noxious substances (HNS). ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2014; 72:157-163. [PMID: 24953645 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2014.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Revised: 03/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Hazardous and noxious chemicals are increasingly being transported by sea. Current estimates indicate some 2000 hazardous and noxious substances (HNS) are carried regularly by sea with bulk trade of 165milliontonnes per year worldwide. Over 100 incidents involving HNS have been reported in EU waters. Incidents occurring in a port or coastal area can have potential and actual public health implications. A methodology has been developed for prioritisation of HNS, based upon potential public health risks. The work, undertaken for the Atlantic Region Pollution Response programme (ARCOPOL), aims to provide information for incident planning and preparedness. HNS were assessed using conventional methodology based upon acute toxicity, behaviour and reactivity. Tonnage was used as a proxy for likelihood, although other factors such as shipping frequency and local navigation may also contribute. Analysis of 350 individual HNS identified the highest priority HNS as being those that present an inhalation risk. Limitations were identified around obtaining accurate data on HNS handled on a local and regional level due to a lack of port records and also political and commercial confidentiality issues. To account for this the project also developed a software tool capable of combining chemical data from the study with user defined shipping data to be used by operators to produce area-specific prioritisations. In conclusion a risk prioritisation matrix has been developed to assess the acute risks to public health from the transportation of HNS. Its potential use in emergency planning and preparedness is discussed.
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Abdulhannan P, Twigg M, Mughal N, Russell D, Homer-Vanniasinkam S, Fisher J. 1H NMR spectrometric identification of biomarkers of atherosclerosis in patients with peripheral arterial disease. Atherosclerosis 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.05.635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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