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Costa de Miranda R, Rauber F, Moraes M, Torres D, Lopes C, Rodrigues S, Bertazzi Levy R. Consumption of ultra-processed foods on free sugar intake of Portuguese infants: The Upper Project. Eur J Public Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The dietary share of ultra-processed foods (UPF) has been associated with low diet quality, including high content of free sugar, mainly in adults' populations. We aim to assess the influence of UPF consumption on free sugar intake of Portuguese infants.
Methods
Cross-sectional representative study including 573 infants (6-23 months old) who participated in the 2015-2016 National Food, Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey. Dietary intake was collected by two non-consecutive food diaries (time interval 8-15 days). Food items were classified according food processing degree by the NOVA system. Total energy intake and percentage provided by each NOVA food groups as well as the free sugar content of the overall diet were assessed. Mean free sugar intake was evaluated across quintiles (Q) of UPF consumption by linear regression adjusted for socioeconomic covariates.
Results
Mean energy intake was 935 kcal/day, in which 49.1% was derived from unprocessed/minimally processed foods, 7.2% from processed culinary ingredients, 7.0% from processed foods and 36.6% from UPF. The mean dietary share of UPF ranged from 12.5% (Q1) to 65.5% (Q5) of total energy. Within UPF, infant formulas (19.3%), milk-based drinks (6.7%) and sweet snacks (4.8%) contributed the most to energy intake. Mean free sugar intake in the overall diet accounted for 8.1% of total energy intake, in which 92.5% came from UPF. As the UPF consumption increased, the dietary content of free sugar increased significantly (β = 0.77; p < 0.001). Contribution of free sugar in total energy intake raised from 2.9% to 12.7%, representing an increment of 338% from the lower to the upper quintile of the dietary share of UPF.
Conclusions
Portuguese infants had an important intake of free sugar. Nearly all of this intake came from UPF, which calls for public health efforts to avoid UPF consumption by this population group.
Funding
FAPESP 2018/07391-9, 2019/05972-7 (MCR), 2016/14302-7 (FR); POCI-01-0145-FEDER-032090.
Key messages
Ultra-processed foods contributed with 36.6% of total energy intake and 92.5% of free sugar in the diets of Portuguese infants. As the ultra-processed foods consumption increased, the dietary content of free sugar increased significantly from 2.9% (Q1) to 12.7% (Q5), representing an increment of 338%.
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Sessler DI, Conen D, Leslie K, Yusuf S, Popova E, Graham M, Kurz A, Villar JC, Mrkobrada M, Sigamani A, Biccard BM, Meyhoff CS, Parlow JL, Guyatt G, Xavier D, Chan MTV, Kumar PA, Forget P, Malaga G, Fleischmann E, Amir M, Torres D, Wang CY, Paniagua P, Berwanger O, Srinathan S, Landoni G, Manach YL, Whitlock R, Lamy A, Balasubramanian K, Gilron I, Turan A, Pettit S, Devereaux PJ. One-year Results of a Factorial Randomized Trial of Aspirin versus Placebo and Clonidine versus Placebo in Patients Having Noncardiac Surgery. Anesthesiology 2020; 132:692-701. [PMID: 32022771 DOI: 10.1097/aln.0000000000003158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The authors previously reported that perioperative aspirin and/or clonidine does not prevent a composite of death or myocardial infarction 30 days after noncardiac surgery. Moreover, aspirin increased the risk of major bleeding and clonidine caused hypotension and bradycardia. Whether these complications produce harm at 1 yr remains unknown. METHODS The authors randomized 10,010 patients with or at risk of atherosclerosis and scheduled for noncardiac surgery in a 1:1:1:1 ratio to clonidine/aspirin, clonidine/aspirin placebo, clonidine placebo/aspirin, or clonidine placebo/aspirin placebo. Patients started taking aspirin or placebo just before surgery; those not previously taking aspirin continued daily for 30 days, and those taking aspirin previously continued for 7 days. Patients were also randomly assigned to receive clonidine or placebo just before surgery, with the study drug continued for 72 h. RESULTS Neither aspirin nor clonidine had a significant effect on the primary 1-yr outcome, a composite of death or nonfatal myocardial infarction, with a 1-yr hazard ratio for aspirin of 1.00 (95% CI, 0.89 to 1.12; P = 0.948; 586 patients [11.8%] vs. 589 patients [11.8%]) and a hazard ratio for clonidine of 1.07 (95% CI, 0.96 to 1.20; P = 0.218; 608 patients [12.1%] vs. 567 patients [11.3%]), with effect on death or nonfatal infarction. Reduction in death and nonfatal myocardial infarction from aspirin in patients who previously had percutaneous coronary intervention at 30 days persisted at 1 yr. Specifically, the hazard ratio was 0.58 (95% CI, 0.35 to 0.95) in those with previous percutaneous coronary intervention and 1.03 (95% CI, 0.91to 1.16) in those without (interaction P = 0.033). There was no significant effect of either drug on death, cardiovascular complications, cancer, or chronic incisional pain at 1 yr (all P > 0.1). CONCLUSIONS Neither perioperative aspirin nor clonidine have significant long-term effects after noncardiac surgery. Perioperative aspirin in patients with previous percutaneous coronary intervention showed persistent benefit at 1 yr, a plausible sub-group effect.
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Hessel P, Rodríguez-Lesmes P, Torres D. Socio-economic inequalities in high blood pressure and additional risk factors for cardiovascular disease among older individuals in Colombia: Results from a nationally representative study. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234326. [PMID: 32516351 PMCID: PMC7282633 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Studies in high-income countries have documented a consistent gradient between socio-economic status (SES) and high blood pressure (HBP), a key risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, evidence from Latin American countries (LA) remains comparatively scarce and inconclusive. Data Data for 3,984 individuals came from a nationally representative survey of individuals aged 60 years or above in Colombia (Encuesta de Salud, Bienestar y Envejecimiento) (SABE) conducted in 2015. SES was measured by educational achievement and household assets. CVD risk factors included objectively measured HBP and body mass index (BMI), as well as behaviors (smoking, alcohol consumption, fruit and vegetables intake, and physical activity). Methods Bivariate methods and multivariate regression models were used to assess associations between SES with HBP as well as additional risk factors for CVD. Results Individuals with lower SES have significantly higher risk of suffering from HBP. Compared to those with no formal education, individuals with secondary or post-secondary education have a 37% lower risk of HBP (odds ratio [OR] = 0.63, P-value<0.001). Being in the highest asset quartile (most affluent) is associated with a 44% lower risk (OR = 56, P-value = 0.001) of HBP compared to those in the lowest asset quartile (most deprived). Individuals with lower SES are more likely to smoke, not engage in regular physical activity and not regularly consume fruits or vegetables. In contrast, individuals with higher SES are more likely to consume alcohol and, those with more assets, more likely to be obese. Conclusions Among older Colombians there exists a marked SES gradient in HBP as well as several additional risk factors for CVD. The results highlight the importance of a public health approach towards HBP and additional CVD risk factors that takes into account the specific conditions of older individuals, especially among disadvantaged groups.
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Martins C, Vidal A, De Boevre M, De Saeger S, Nunes C, Torres D, Goios A, Lopes C, Alvito P, Assunção R. Burden of disease associated with dietary exposure to carcinogenic aflatoxins in Portugal using human biomonitoring approach. Food Res Int 2020; 134:109210. [PMID: 32517894 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Human biomonitoring is an important tool to assess human exposure to chemicals, contributing to describe trends of exposure over time and to identify population groups that could be under risk. Aflatoxins are genotoxic and carcinogenic food contaminants causing hepatocellular carcinoma, the third leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. In Portugal, scarce data are available regarding exposure to aflatoxins and no previous study used human biomonitoring data to comprehensively characterize the associated burden of disease. 24 h urine and first-morning urine paired samples were collected by 94 participants and were analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for the quantitative determination of aflatoxins (B1, B2, G1, G2 and M1). Deterministic and probabilistic models were developed to assess the Portuguese exposure to aflatoxins and to estimate the health impact of this exposure, estimating the attributed Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs). Aflatoxins were detected in a maximum of 13% (AFB1), 16% (AFB2), 1% (AFG1), 2% (AFG2) and 19% (AFM1) of the urine samples. Data obtained through the probabilistic approach revealed an estimated mean probable daily intake of 13.43 ng/kg body weight per day resulting in 0.13 extra cases of hepatocellular carcinoma, corresponding to mean annual DALYs of 172.8 for the Portuguese population (10291027 inhabitants). The present study generated for the first time and within a human biomonitoring study, reliable and crucial data to characterize the burden associated to the exposure to aflatoxins of the Portuguese population. The obtained results constitute an imperative support to risk managers in the establishment of preventive policy measures that contribute to ensure public health protection.
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Son J, Carr C, Chambers LM, Michener C, Meng Y, Yen T, Beavis A, Stone R, Wethington S, Burkett W, Richardson D, Staley AS, Ahn S, Gehrig P, Torres D, Dowdy S, Sullivan M, Modesitt S, Watson C, Secord A, Veade A, Havrilesky L, Loreen A, Griffin K, Jackson A, Fader AN, Ricci S. Adjuvant treatment in high intermediate risk early stage endometrial cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2019.11.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Martins C, Assunção R, Nunes C, Torres D, Alvito P. Are Data from Mycotoxins’ Urinary Biomarkers and Food Surveys Linked? A Review Underneath Risk Assessment. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2019.1709200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Torres D. Complicaciones en cirugía no cardíaca. REVISTA CHILENA DE ANESTESIA 2020. [DOI: 10.25237/revchilanestv49n05-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Marín C, Benitez M, Otazu A, Torres D, Cotrin P, Pinzan-Vercelino C, Valarelli F, Freitas K. Correlation of age and skeletal effects after miniscrew assisted rapid palatal expansion. J Clin Exp Dent 2020; 15:e269-e276. [PMID: 37152494 PMCID: PMC10155939 DOI: 10.4317/jced.60211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To evaluate the skeletal and dentoalveolar effects after miniscrew assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE) and their correlation with the age of the patients. Settings and sample population: Sample comprised 19 patients with maxillary atresia and posterior crossbite, treated with MARPE. Cone-beam computed tomographs (CBCT) were evaluated before and after expansion. Three patients were excluded since the midpalatal suture was not opened. Thus, 16 patients (11 female; 5 male) were evaluated, with a mean age of 24.92 years (s.d.=7.60). The time between the installation of MARPE and the second CBCT was, on average, 1.64 months (s.d.=1.12). Material and Methods Linear and angular measurements were performed: bone thickness and level, tooth inclination, transverse dental widths, and nasal base and jugula widths. Comparison was performed with dependent t-test and correlations with Pearson coefficient. Results MARPE was 84.2% successful. There was significant reduction in the buccal bone thickness of the first molars and an increase in the palatal bone thickness of all teeth. First molars showed significant buccal inclination. All transverse dimensions showed a significant increase. Older patients tended to show a less maxillary transverse skeletal increase. A greater maxillary transverse increase was accompanied by a greater intermolar width increase and also a greater buccal bone loss in the mesiobuccal roots of the maxillary first molars. Conclusions MARPE corrected the maxillary atresia in adult patients, with significant transverse increases, a slight decrease in buccal bone thickness and buccal inclination of the first molars, combining skeletal and dental effects. Older patients presented less transverse skeletal increases. Key words:Palatal expansion technique, skeletal anchorage, cone-beam computed tomography.
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Martins C, Vidal A, De Boevre M, De Saeger S, Nunes C, Torres D, Goios A, Lopes C, Alvito P, Assunção R. Burden of disease attributable to exposure to aflatoxins in Portugal using Human biomonitoring data. Eur J Public Health 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckz186.286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Human biomonitoring (HBM) is recognized as an important tool to assess the Human exposure to chemicals, contributing to describe trends and patterns of exposure over time and to identify population groups that could be under risk. Natural chemicals as mycotoxins, fungi metabolites that produce toxic effects in humans, are important compounds that could be found in foods usually consumed worldwide in a daily basis. Mycotoxins as aflatoxins (AFTs) are genotoxic, carcinogenic and immunosuppressive compounds. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of their main health toxic effects and is the third leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. In Portugal, scarce data are available regarding exposure to AFTs and none previous study used HBM data to characterize comprehensively the burden associated to this exposure.
In the scope of the National Food, Nutrition, and Physical Activity Survey of the Portuguese General Population (2015-2016), 24h-urine samples from 94 participants were analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for the simultaneous determination of AFTs (B1, B2, G1, G2, M1). A model was developed to estimate the health impact of the exposure of Portuguese population to aflatoxins, estimating the number of cases of HCC and DALYs attributed to AFTs exposure.
AFTs were detected in 12.8% (AFB1), 16.0% (AFB2) and 19.1% (AFM1) of the 24h-urine samples. The estimated number of extra cases of HCC attributed to this exposure ranged from 17 to 65 cases/year; the associated DALYs for the Portuguese population ranged from 284 to 1802 years.
The present study generated, for the first time and within a HBM study, reliable data regarding the exposure of the Portuguese population to AFTs. These data were crucial to characterize the health impact associated to AFTs exposure and to support risk managers to establish preventive policy measures that contribute to ensure the public health protection.
Key messages
Portuguese population is exposed to aflatoxins, chemical food contaminants that may be harmful (carcinogenic, immunotoxic, mutagenic, teratogenic, hepatotoxic) to humans. Human biomonitoring studies provide realistic data on internal exposure at individual level, contributing to a more accurate estimation of the burden derived from this exposure.
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Martins C, Vidal A, De Saeger S, Nunes C, Torres D, Goios A, Lopes C, Assunção R, Alvito P, De Boevre M. Risk assessment of Portuguese population to multiple mycotoxins: the human biomonitoring approach. Eur J Public Health 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckz186.285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Mycotoxins constitute a relevant group of food contaminants with several associated health outcomes such as estrogenic, immunotoxic, nephrotoxic and teratogenic effects. Although scarce data are available in Portugal, human biomonitoring studies have been globally developed to assess the exposure to mycotoxins at individual level.
The present study concerned the analysis of mycotoxins in 24h urine and first-morning urine paired samples from 94 participants enrolled within the scope of the National Food, Nutrition, and Physical Activity Survey of the Portuguese General Population (2015-2016). Following a salt-assisted matrix extraction, urine samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry for the simultaneous determination of 37 urinary mycotoxins’ biomarkers and data obtained used to estimate the probable daily intake as well as the risk characterization applying the Hazard Quotient approach.
Results revealed the exposure of Portuguese population to zearalenone, deoxynivalenol, ochratoxin A, alternariol, citrinin and fumonisin B1 through the quantification in 24h urine and first-morning urine paired samples. Risk characterization data revealed a potential concern to some reported mycotoxins since the reference intake values were exceeded by some of the considered participants. Alternariol was identified for the first time in urine samples from a European country; however, risk characterization was not performed due to lack of reference intake value.
The present study contributed with reliable and evidence-based results, and confirmed that mycotoxins represent a burden and are part of the human exposome of the Portuguese population. Further studies are needed to shed a light on the determinants of exposure in order to contribute for the promotion of public health measures to reduce the mycotoxins’ exposure in Portugal.
Key messages
Portuguese population is exposed to mycotoxins, chemical food contaminants that may be harmful (carcinogenic, immunotoxic, mutagenic, teratogenic, hepatotoxic) for human health. Human biomonitoring studies provide realistic data on internal exposure at individual level, allowing a more accurate knowledge of the determinants of exposure to these contaminants.
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Kumar A, Torres D, McGree M, Weaver A, Cliby W. Depth of bowel invasion in ovarian cancer is not associated with worse outcomes. Gynecol Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2019.03.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Martins C, Vidal A, De Boevre M, De Saeger S, Nunes C, Torres D, Goios A, Lopes C, Assunção R, Alvito P. Exposure assessment of Portuguese population to multiple mycotoxins: The human biomonitoring approach. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2019; 222:913-925. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2019.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Yen T, Beavis A, Stone R, Wethington S, Carr C, Son J, Chambers LM, Ricci S, Burkett W, Richardson D, Staley A, Ahn S, Gehrig P, Torres D, Dowdy S, Sullivan M, Modesitt S, Watson C, Secord A, Veade A, Havrilesky L, Loreen A, Griffin K, Jackson A, Fader A. Early-stage endometrial cancer with lymphovascular space invasion: Chemotherapy improves progression free survival and reduces distant metastases. Gynecol Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2019.04.675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Pisco J, Bilhim T, Costa N, Pinheiro L, Torres D, Oliveira A. 03:00 PM Abstract No. 3 ■ DISTINGUISHED ABSTRACT Short-, medium-, and long-term results of first and repeated prostatic artery embolization for benign prostatic hyperplasia: 1500 patients’ follow up to 9 years. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2018.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Pisco J, Bilhim T, Costa N, Pinheiro L, Torres D, Oliveira A. 04:03 PM Abstract No. 10 Repeated prostatic artery embolization for patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and initial clinical failure or recurrence of a previous procedure. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2018.12.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Klein RA, Vianello M, Hasselman F, Adams BG, Adams RB, Alper S, Aveyard M, Axt JR, Babalola MT, Bahník Š, Batra R, Berkics M, Bernstein MJ, Berry DR, Bialobrzeska O, Binan ED, Bocian K, Brandt MJ, Busching R, Rédei AC, Cai H, Cambier F, Cantarero K, Carmichael CL, Ceric F, Chandler J, Chang JH, Chatard A, Chen EE, Cheong W, Cicero DC, Coen S, Coleman JA, Collisson B, Conway MA, Corker KS, Curran PG, Cushman F, Dagona ZK, Dalgar I, Dalla Rosa A, Davis WE, de Bruijn M, De Schutter L, Devos T, de Vries M, Doğulu C, Dozo N, Dukes KN, Dunham Y, Durrheim K, Ebersole CR, Edlund JE, Eller A, English AS, Finck C, Frankowska N, Freyre MÁ, Friedman M, Galliani EM, Gandi JC, Ghoshal T, Giessner SR, Gill T, Gnambs T, Gómez Á, González R, Graham J, Grahe JE, Grahek I, Green EGT, Hai K, Haigh M, Haines EL, Hall MP, Heffernan ME, Hicks JA, Houdek P, Huntsinger JR, Huynh HP, IJzerman H, Inbar Y, Innes-Ker ÅH, Jiménez-Leal W, John MS, Joy-Gaba JA, Kamiloğlu RG, Kappes HB, Karabati S, Karick H, Keller VN, Kende A, Kervyn N, Knežević G, Kovacs C, Krueger LE, Kurapov G, Kurtz J, Lakens D, Lazarević LB, Levitan CA, Lewis NA, Lins S, Lipsey NP, Losee JE, Maassen E, Maitner AT, Malingumu W, Mallett RK, Marotta SA, Međedović J, Mena-Pacheco F, Milfont TL, Morris WL, Murphy SC, Myachykov A, Neave N, Neijenhuijs K, Nelson AJ, Neto F, Lee Nichols A, Ocampo A, O’Donnell SL, Oikawa H, Oikawa M, Ong E, Orosz G, Osowiecka M, Packard G, Pérez-Sánchez R, Petrović B, Pilati R, Pinter B, Podesta L, Pogge G, Pollmann MMH, Rutchick AM, Saavedra P, Saeri AK, Salomon E, Schmidt K, Schönbrodt FD, Sekerdej MB, Sirlopú D, Skorinko JLM, Smith MA, Smith-Castro V, Smolders KCHJ, Sobkow A, Sowden W, Spachtholz P, Srivastava M, Steiner TG, Stouten J, Street CNH, Sundfelt OK, Szeto S, Szumowska E, Tang ACW, Tanzer N, Tear MJ, Theriault J, Thomae M, Torres D, Traczyk J, Tybur JM, Ujhelyi A, van Aert RCM, van Assen MALM, van der Hulst M, van Lange PAM, van ’t Veer AE, Vásquez- Echeverría A, Ann Vaughn L, Vázquez A, Vega LD, Verniers C, Verschoor M, Voermans IPJ, Vranka MA, Welch C, Wichman AL, Williams LA, Wood M, Woodzicka JA, Wronska MK, Young L, Zelenski JM, Zhijia Z, Nosek BA. Many Labs 2: Investigating Variation in Replicability Across Samples and Settings. ADVANCES IN METHODS AND PRACTICES IN PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/2515245918810225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 325] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We conducted preregistered replications of 28 classic and contemporary published findings, with protocols that were peer reviewed in advance, to examine variation in effect magnitudes across samples and settings. Each protocol was administered to approximately half of 125 samples that comprised 15,305 participants from 36 countries and territories. Using the conventional criterion of statistical significance ( p < .05), we found that 15 (54%) of the replications provided evidence of a statistically significant effect in the same direction as the original finding. With a strict significance criterion ( p < .0001), 14 (50%) of the replications still provided such evidence, a reflection of the extremely high-powered design. Seven (25%) of the replications yielded effect sizes larger than the original ones, and 21 (75%) yielded effect sizes smaller than the original ones. The median comparable Cohen’s ds were 0.60 for the original findings and 0.15 for the replications. The effect sizes were small (< 0.20) in 16 of the replications (57%), and 9 effects (32%) were in the direction opposite the direction of the original effect. Across settings, the Q statistic indicated significant heterogeneity in 11 (39%) of the replication effects, and most of those were among the findings with the largest overall effect sizes; only 1 effect that was near zero in the aggregate showed significant heterogeneity according to this measure. Only 1 effect had a tau value greater than .20, an indication of moderate heterogeneity. Eight others had tau values near or slightly above .10, an indication of slight heterogeneity. Moderation tests indicated that very little heterogeneity was attributable to the order in which the tasks were performed or whether the tasks were administered in lab versus online. Exploratory comparisons revealed little heterogeneity between Western, educated, industrialized, rich, and democratic (WEIRD) cultures and less WEIRD cultures (i.e., cultures with relatively high and low WEIRDness scores, respectively). Cumulatively, variability in the observed effect sizes was attributable more to the effect being studied than to the sample or setting in which it was studied.
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Pérez-Rodríguez S, Torres D, Lázaro M. Effect of oxygen and structural properties on the electrical conductivity of powders of nanostructured carbon materials. POWDER TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2018.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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García ID, Plaul SE, Torres D, Del Fresno PS, Miranda LA, Colautti DC. Effect of photoperiod on ovarian maturation in Cheirodon interruptus (Teleostei: Characidae). BRAZ J BIOL 2018; 79:669-677. [PMID: 30379240 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.188607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cheirodon interruptus is a ubiquitous small characid that inhabits the Pampean region and commonly used as bait. Its vast market is supplied from the wild population causing a significant environmental impact. In this study, we assess the effect of photoperiod on ovarian maturation in order to evaluate its potential as a tool to manipulate reproduction under artificial conditions. Four treatments in triplicate (light: dark, L: D) were tested: 24L: 0D, 12L: 12D, 0L: 24D and a progressive photoperiod corresponding to the daily photoperiod increments in wild during winter-spring transition, accelerated three times. The experiment was conducted for 45 days. Gonadosomatic index (GSI), oocyte mean diameter, vitellogenic oocyte proportions, plasma estradiol concentrations (E2), condition factor (Kn) and standard length were estimated. Values of mean GSI, oocyte diameter, vitellogenic oocyte proportions and E2 concentration were maximum in the progressive treatment indicating vitellogenesis stimulation. In turn the same parameters were minimum in the 24L: 0D, revealing the vitellogenesis inhibition. This study showed that photoperiodic regime play an important role in the onset of ovarian maturation in C. interruptus.
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Martins C, De Boevre M, De Saeger S, Assunção R, Nunes C, Torres D, Goios A, Lopes C, Alvito P, Vidal A. Exposure of Portuguese population to mycotoxins: the contribution of human biomonitoring studies. Eur J Public Health 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cky214.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Wang C, Sidiqi B, Yorke E, Mcknight D, Dick-Godfrey R, Torres D, Gelblum D, Rimner A, Wu A. MA01.10 Toxicity and Local Control in “Ultra-Central” Lung Tumors Treated With SBRT or High-Dose Hypofractionated RT. J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Favier P, Torres D, Tabar M, Gismondi M, Piñeiro F, Perez J, Blugerman G, Erbin M, Rolon M, Macchi A, Pérez H. Living with dogs and cats: Is it a risk factor for skin and soft tissues infections caused by community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus? Int J Infect Dis 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2018.04.3462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Zerboni S, Chevel J, Torres D, Rearte A, Bonvehi P, Temporiti E, Querci M, Videla C, Romano V, Echavarria M, Marcone D, Herrera F. Respiratory infections by human Rhinoviruses in oncohematological and stem cell transplant patients: do they have the same clinical impact as other respiratory viruses? Int J Infect Dis 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2018.04.3646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Herrera F, Laborde A, Rossi IR, Guerrini G, Jordan R, Valledor A, Nenna A, Costantini P, Dictar M, Caeiro J, Torres D, Ibañez MG, Vizcarra P, Palacios C, Carena A. Prognostic factors for 7-day and 30-day mortality during gram-negative bacteremia episodes in cancer and hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients. Int J Infect Dis 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2018.04.3437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Mrkobrada M, Chan MTV, Cowan D, Spence J, Campbell D, Wang CY, Torres D, Malaga G, Sanders RD, Brown C, Sigamani A, Szczeklik W, Dmytriw AA, Agid R, Smith EE, Hill MD, Sharma M, Sharma M, Tsai S, Mensinkai A, Sahlas DJ, Guyatt G, Pettit S, Copland I, Wu WKK, Yu SCH, Gin T, Loh PS, Ramli N, Siow YL, Short TG, Waymouth E, Kumar J, Dasgupta M, Murkin JM, Fuentes M, Ortiz-Soriano V, Lindroth H, Simpson S, Sessler D, Devereaux PJ. Rationale and design for the detection and neurological impact of cerebrovascular events in non-cardiac surgery patients cohort evaluation (NeuroVISION) study: a prospective international cohort study. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e021521. [PMID: 29982215 PMCID: PMC6042543 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-021521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Covert stroke after non-cardiac surgery may have substantial impact on duration and quality of life. In non-surgical patients, covert stroke is more common than overt stroke and is associated with an increased risk of cognitive decline and dementia. Little is known about covert stroke after non-cardiac surgery.NeuroVISION is a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study that will characterise the association between perioperative acute covert stroke and postoperative cognitive function. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS We are recruiting study participants from 12 tertiary care hospitals in 10 countries on 5 continents. PARTICIPANTS We are enrolling patients ≥65 years of age, requiring hospital admission after non-cardiac surgery, who have an anticipated length of hospital stay of at least 2 days after elective non-cardiac surgery that occurs under general or neuraxial anaesthesia. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Patients are recruited before elective non-cardiac surgery, and their cognitive function is measured using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) instrument. After surgery, a brain MRI study is performed between postoperative days 2 and 9 to determine the presence of acute brain infarction. One year after surgery, the MoCA is used to assess postoperative cognitive function. Physicians and patients are blinded to the MRI study results until after the last patient follow-up visit to reduce outcome ascertainment bias.We will undertake a multivariable logistic regression analysis in which the dependent variable is the change in cognitive function 1 year after surgery, and the independent variables are acute perioperative covert stroke as well as other clinical variables that are associated with cognitive dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS The NeuroVISION study will characterise the epidemiology of covert stroke and its clinical consequences. This will be the largest and the most comprehensive study of perioperative stroke after non-cardiac surgery. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT01980511; Pre-results.
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Torres D, Lacassie HJ. Revisando la Literatura #1. REVISTA CHILENA DE ANESTESIA 2018. [DOI: 10.25237/revchilanestv47n02.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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