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Yeom S, Kim DY, Kim S, Gontala A, Park J, Lee YH, Kim HJ. Carboxylate-Directed Pd-Catalyzed β-C(sp 3)-H Arylation of N-Methyl Alanine Derivatives for Diversification of Bioactive Peptides. Org Lett 2023; 25:9008-9013. [PMID: 38084750 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
This study presents a Pd(II)-catalyzed method for the β-C(sp3)-H arylation of N-Cbz- or N-Fmoc-protected N-methyl alanines, providing ready access to building blocks for N-methylated peptide synthesis. For this transformation, the native carboxylate was exploited as the directing group, attributing its success to the use of a monoprotected amino-pyridine ligand. Its synthetic utility was demonstrated by facile generation of nine analogues of the naturally occurring N-methylated cyclic peptide cycloaspeptide A.
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Seo SH, Cho KJ, Park HJ, Lee HW, Kim BK, Park JY, Kim DY, Ahn SH, Cheon JH, Yook JI, Kim MD, Joo DJ, Kim SU. Inhibition of Dickkopf-1 enhances the anti-tumor efficacy of sorafenib via inhibition of the PI3K/Akt and Wnt/β-catenin pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:339. [PMID: 38012711 PMCID: PMC10680194 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01355-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sorafenib improves the overall survival in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) is commonly overexpressed in HCC. In this study, we investigated whether the inhibition of DKK1 enhances the anti-tumor efficacy of sorafenib in HCC. METHODS HCC cells were treated with sorafenib and WAY-262611, which is an inhibitor of DKK1. Transgenic mouse models were also developed using hydrodynamic tail vein injection. Mice were orally administered with sorafenib (32 mg/kg), WAY-262611 (16 mg/kg), or sorafenib + WAY-262611 for 10 days. Mechanisms of sorafenib and WAY-262611 were explored via western blotting, immunostaining, and RNA sequencing. RESULTS DKK1 was significantly overexpressed in patients with HCC than in the healthy controls and patients with liver diseases except HCC (all P < 0.05). Compared with sorafenib alone, sorafenib + WAY-262611 significantly inhibited the cell viability, invasion, migration, and colony formation by promoting apoptosis and altering the cell cycles in HCC cells (all P < 0.05). Moreover, sorafenib + WAY-262611 decreased the p110α, phospho-Akt (all P < 0.05), active β-catenin (all P < 0.05) and phospho-GSK-3β (Ser9) expression levels, while increasing the phospho-GSK-3β (Tyr216) expression levels compared with those in the sorafenib alone in vitro and in vivo. In addition, sorafenib + WAY-262611 inhibited tumor progression by regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis, significantly better than sorafenib alone in mouse models. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that DKK1 inhibition significantly enhances the anti-tumor efficacy of sorafenib by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt and Wnt/β-catenin pathways via regulation of GSK3β activity, suggesting a novel therapeutic strategy for HCC. Video Abstract.
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Adachi I, Adamczyk K, Aggarwal L, Aihara H, Akopov N, Aloisio A, Anh Ky N, Asner DM, Atmacan H, Aushev T, Aushev V, Aversano M, Babu V, Bae H, Bahinipati S, Bambade P, Banerjee S, Barrett M, Baudot J, Bauer M, Baur A, Beaubien A, Becherer F, Becker J, Behera PK, Bennett JV, Bernlochner FU, Bertacchi V, Bertemes M, Bertholet E, Bessner M, Bettarini S, Bhuyan B, Bianchi F, Bilka T, Biswas D, Bobrov A, Bodrov D, Bolz A, Bondar A, Borah J, Bozek A, Bračko M, Branchini P, Briere RA, Browder TE, Budano A, Bussino S, Campajola M, Cao L, Casarosa G, Cecchi C, Cerasoli J, Chang MC, Chang P, Cheaib R, Cheema P, Chekelian V, Cheon BG, Chilikin K, Chirapatpimol K, Cho HE, Cho K, Choi SK, Choudhury S, Cochran J, Corona L, Cremaldi LM, Das S, Dattola F, De La Cruz-Burelo E, De La Motte SA, De Nardo G, De Nuccio M, De Pietro G, de Sangro R, Destefanis M, Dey S, Dhamija R, Di Canto A, Di Capua F, Dingfelder J, Doležal Z, Domínguez Jiménez I, Dong TV, Dorigo M, Dort K, Dossett D, Dreyer S, Dubey S, Dujany G, Ecker P, Eliachevitch M, Epifanov D, Feichtinger P, Ferber T, Ferlewicz D, Fillinger T, Finck C, Finocchiaro G, Fodor A, Forti F, Frey A, Fulsom BG, Gabrielli A, Ganiev E, Garcia-Hernandez M, Garg R, Garmash A, Gaudino G, Gaur V, Gaz A, Gellrich A, Ghevondyan G, Ghosh D, Ghumaryan H, Giakoustidis G, Giordano R, Giri A, Gobbo B, Godang R, Gogota O, Goldenzweig P, Gradl W, Granderath S, Graziani E, Greenwald D, Gruberová Z, Gu T, Guan Y, Gudkova K, Halder S, Han Y, Hara T, Hayasaka K, Hayashii H, Hazra S, Hearty C, Hedges MT, Heidelbach A, Heredia de la Cruz I, Hernández Villanueva M, Hershenhorn A, Higuchi T, Hill EC, Hoek M, Hohmann M, Horak P, Hsu CL, Iijima T, Inami K, Inguglia G, Ipsita N, Ishikawa A, Ito S, Itoh R, Iwasaki M, Jackson P, Jacobs WW, Jang EJ, Ji QP, Jia S, Jin Y, Johnson A, Junkerkalefeld H, Kaliyar AB, Kandra J, Kang KH, Karyan G, Kawasaki T, Keil F, Ketter C, Kiesling C, Kim CH, Kim DY, Kim KH, Kim YK, Kindo H, Kinoshita K, Kodyš P, Koga T, Kohani S, Kojima K, Konno T, Korobov A, Korpar S, Kovalenko E, Kowalewski R, Kraetzschmar TMG, Križan P, Krokovny P, Kuhr T, Kumar J, Kumar M, Kumara K, Kunigo T, Kuzmin A, Kwon YJ, Lacaprara S, Lai YT, Lam T, Lanceri L, Lange JS, Laurenza M, Leboucher R, Le Diberder FR, Leitl P, Levit D, Lewis PM, Li C, Li LK, Li Y, Libby J, Liu QY, Liu ZQ, Liventsev D, Longo S, Lueck T, Luo T, Lyu C, Ma Y, Maggiora M, Maharana SP, Maiti R, Maity S, Mancinelli G, Manfredi R, Manoni E, Manthei AC, Mantovano M, Marcantonio D, Marcello S, Marinas C, Martel L, Martellini C, Martini A, Martinov T, Massaccesi L, Masuda M, Matsuda T, Matvienko D, Maurya SK, McKenna JA, Mehta R, Meier F, Merola M, Metzner F, Milesi M, Miller C, Mirra M, Miyabayashi K, Mohanty GB, Molina-Gonzalez N, Mondal S, Moneta S, Moser HG, Mrvar M, Mussa R, Nakamura I, Nakazawa Y, Narimani Charan A, Naruki M, Natkaniec Z, Natochii A, Nayak L, Nazaryan G, Nisar NK, Nishida S, Ogawa S, Ono H, Oskin P, Otani F, Pakhlov P, Pakhlova G, Paladino A, Panta A, Paoloni E, Pardi S, Parham K, Park SH, Paschen B, Passeri A, Patra S, Paul S, Pedlar TK, Peruzzi I, Peschke R, Pestotnik R, Pham F, Piccolo M, Piilonen LE, Podesta-Lerma PLM, Podobnik T, Pokharel S, Praz C, Prell S, Prencipe E, Prim MT, Purwar H, Rad N, Rados P, Raeuber G, Raiz S, Reif M, Reiter S, Remnev M, Ripp-Baudot I, Rizzo G, Robertson SH, Roehrken M, Roney JM, Rostomyan A, Rout N, Russo G, Sahoo D, Sandilya S, Sangal A, Santelj L, Sato Y, Savinov V, Scavino B, Schmitt C, Schnepf M, Schwanda C, Seino Y, Selce A, Senyo K, Serrano J, Sevior ME, Sfienti C, Shan W, Sharma C, Shen CP, Shi XD, Shillington T, Shiu JG, Shtol D, Shwartz B, Sibidanov A, Simon F, Singh JB, Skorupa J, Sobie RJ, Sobotzik M, Soffer A, Sokolov A, Solovieva E, Spataro S, Spruck B, Starič M, Stavroulakis P, Stefkova S, Stottler ZS, Stroili R, Strube J, Sumihama M, Sumisawa K, Sutcliffe W, Svidras H, Takahashi M, Takizawa M, Tamponi U, Tanida K, Tenchini F, Thaller A, Tittel O, Tiwary R, Tonelli D, Torassa E, Toutounji N, Trabelsi K, Tsaklidis I, Uchida M, Ueda I, Uematsu Y, Uglov T, Unger K, Unno Y, Uno K, Uno S, Urquijo P, Ushiroda Y, Vahsen SE, van Tonder R, Varner GS, Varvell KE, Veronesi M, Vismaya VS, Vitale L, Vobbilisetti V, Volpe R, Wach B, Waheed E, Wakai M, Wallner S, Wang E, Wang MZ, Wang Z, Warburton A, Watanabe M, Watanuki S, Welsch M, Wessel C, Xu XP, Yabsley BD, Yamada S, Yan W, Yang SB, Yin JH, Yoshihara K, Yuan CZ, Zani L, Zhang Y, Zhilich V, Zhou JS, Zhou QD, Zhukova VI, Žlebčík R. Tests of Light-Lepton Universality in Angular Asymmetries of B^{0}→D^{*-}ℓν Decays. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:181801. [PMID: 37977641 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.181801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
We present the first comprehensive tests of the universality of the light leptons in the angular distributions of semileptonic B^{0}-meson decays to charged spin-1 charmed mesons. We measure five angular-asymmetry observables as functions of the decay recoil that are sensitive to lepton-universality-violating contributions. We use events where one neutral B is fully reconstructed in ϒ(4S)→BB[over ¯] decays in data corresponding to 189 fb^{-1} integrated luminosity from electron-positron collisions collected with the Belle II detector. We find no significant deviation from the standard model expectations.
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Nam H, Yang H, Chun HS, Lee HA, Nam JY, Jang JW, Seo YS, Kim DY, Kim YJ, Bae SH. Impact of Low Skeletal Muscle Mass on Long-Term Outcomes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated with Trans-Arterial Radioembolization: A Retrospective Multi-Center Study. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5195. [PMID: 37958368 PMCID: PMC10647696 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15215195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Trans-arterial radioembolization (TARE) is a form of radiation therapy performed for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) via selective intra-arterial injection of Yttrium-90-loaded microspheres. This was a multi-center retrospective study of consecutive patients with HCC who underwent TARE between July 2009 and May 2019. Using pre-treatment computed tomography imaging, the total cross-sectional area (cm2) of the abdominal skeletal muscle at the third lumbar vertebra was measured. The skeletal muscle index (SMI) was calculated by normalizing the muscle area to patient height. In total, 347 patients (median age, 65 years; 284 male) were included in the study. A total of 108 (31.1%) patients had portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT), and 126 (36.3%) were classified as LSMM. The median overall survival (OS) was 28.1 months (95% CI, 24.8-35.7), and median progression-free survival was 8.0 months (95% CI, 6.4-9.4). Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that LSMM (hazard ratio [HR], 1.36; 95% CI, 1.00-1.85, p = 0.05), PVTT (HR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.33-2.49, p < 0.01), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) (≥200 ng/mL) (HR 1.41; 95% CI, 1.04-1.92, p = 0.03), and albumin-bilirubin grade (2-3) (HR 1.74; 95% CI, 1.24-2.43, p < 0.01) were independently associated with poor OS. TARE provided favorable long-term outcomes for patients with advanced HCC. Pre-treatment LSMM independently associated with survival, suggesting its utility as a surrogate biomarker for identifying TARE candidates.
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Adachi I, Aggarwal L, Aihara H, Akopov N, Aloisio A, Anh Ky N, Asner DM, Atmacan H, Aushev T, Aushev V, Aversano M, Babu V, Bae H, Bahinipati S, Bambade P, Banerjee S, Barrett M, Baudot J, Bauer M, Baur A, Beaubien A, Becker J, Behera PK, Bennett JV, Bernlochner FU, Bertacchi V, Bertemes M, Bertholet E, Bessner M, Bettarini S, Bhuyan B, Bianchi F, Bilka T, Biswas D, Bodrov D, Bondar A, Bozek A, Bračko M, Branchini P, Briere RA, Browder TE, Budano A, Bussino S, Campajola M, Cao L, Casarosa G, Cecchi C, Cerasoli J, Chang MC, Chang P, Cheema P, Chekelian V, Cheon BG, Chilikin K, Chirapatpimol K, Cho HE, Cho K, Choi SK, Choudhury S, Cochran J, Corona L, Das S, Dattola F, De La Motte SA, de Marino G, De Nardo G, De Nuccio M, De Pietro G, de Sangro R, Destefanis M, Dey S, Dhamija R, Di Canto A, Di Capua F, Dingfelder J, Doležal Z, Domínguez Jiménez I, Dong TV, Dorigo M, Dort K, Dreyer S, Dubey S, Dujany G, Ecker P, Epifanov D, Feichtinger P, Ferlewicz D, Finck C, Finocchiaro G, Fodor A, Forti F, Frey A, Fulsom BG, Gabrielli A, Ganiev E, Garcia-Hernandez M, Garmash A, Gaudino G, Gaur V, Gaz A, Gellrich A, Ghevondyan G, Ghosh D, Ghumaryan H, Giakoustidis G, Giordano R, Giri A, Glazov A, Gobbo B, Godang R, Gogota O, Goldenzweig P, Gradl W, Graziani E, Greenwald D, Gruberová Z, Gu T, Guan Y, Gudkova K, Han Y, Hayasaka K, Hayashii H, Hazra S, Hearty C, Heredia de la Cruz I, Hershenhorn A, Higuchi T, Hill EC, Hoek M, Hohmann M, Hsu CL, Humair T, Iijima T, Inami K, Ipsita N, Ishikawa A, Ito S, Itoh R, Iwasaki M, Jackson P, Jacobs WW, Jaffe DE, Jang EJ, Ji QP, Jia S, Jin Y, Junkerkalefeld H, Kaliyar AB, Kandra J, Karyan G, Kawasaki T, Keil F, Ketter C, Kiesling C, Kim CH, Kim DY, Kim KH, Kim YK, Kindo H, Kinoshita K, Kodyš P, Koga T, Kohani S, Kojima K, Korobov A, Korpar S, Kowalewski R, Kraetzschmar TMG, Križan P, Krokovny P, Kuhr T, Kumar J, Kumar M, Kumar R, Kumara K, Kuzmin A, Kwon YJ, Lacaprara S, Lai YT, Lam T, Lange JS, Laurenza M, Leboucher R, Le Diberder FR, Leitl P, Levit D, Lewis PM, Li LK, Libby J, Liu QY, Liu ZQ, Liventsev D, Longo S, Lueck T, Lyu C, Ma Y, Maggiora M, Maharana SP, Maiti R, Maity S, Manfredi R, Manoni E, Mantovano M, Marcantonio D, Marcello S, Marinas C, Martellini C, Martini A, Martinov T, Massaccesi L, Masuda M, Matsuda T, Matsuoka K, Matvienko D, Maurya SK, McKenna JA, Mehta R, Meier F, Merola M, Metzner F, Milesi M, Miller C, Mirra M, Miyabayashi K, Mohanty GB, Molina-Gonzalez N, Mondal S, Moneta S, Moser HG, Mrvar M, Mussa R, Nakamura I, Nakazawa Y, Narimani Charan A, Naruki M, Natkaniec Z, Natochii A, Nayak L, Nazaryan G, Nisar NK, Nishida S, Ono H, Otani F, Oxford ER, Pakhlov P, Pakhlova G, Paladino A, Panta A, Paoloni E, Pardi S, Passeri A, Patra S, Paul S, Pedlar TK, Peruzzi I, Peschke R, Pestotnik R, Pham F, Piccolo M, Piilonen LE, Podobnik T, Pokharel S, Praz C, Prell S, Prencipe E, Prim MT, Purwar H, Rados P, Raeuber G, Raiz S, Reif M, Reiter S, Remnev M, Ripp-Baudot I, Rizzo G, Roney JM, Rostomyan A, Rout N, Russo G, Sandilya S, Sangal A, Santelj L, Sato Y, Savinov V, Scavino B, Schmitt C, Schwanda C, Schwartz AJ, Seino Y, Selce A, Senyo K, Serrano J, Sevior ME, Sfienti C, Shan W, Shi XD, Shillington T, Shiu JG, Shtol D, Sibidanov A, Simon F, Sobie RJ, Sobotzik M, Soffer A, Sokolov A, Solovieva E, Spataro S, Spruck B, Starič M, Stavroulakis P, Stottler ZS, Stroili R, Sumihama M, Svidras H, Takahashi M, Takizawa M, Tamponi U, Tanida K, Tenchini F, Tittel O, Tonelli D, Torassa E, Trabelsi K, Tsaklidis I, Unger K, Unno Y, Uno K, Uno S, Urquijo P, Ushiroda Y, Vahsen SE, van Tonder R, Varvell KE, Veronesi M, Vismaya VS, Vitale L, Volpe R, Wach B, Wallner S, Wang E, Wang MZ, Wang XL, Wang Z, Warburton A, Watanabe M, Wessel C, Won E, Xu XP, Yabsley BD, Yamada S, Yan W, Yang SB, Yoshihara K, Yuan CZ, Yusa Y, Zhang Y, Zhilich V, Zhou JS, Zhou QD, Zhukova VI, Žlebčík R. Precise Measurement of the D_{s}^{+} Lifetime at Belle II. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:171803. [PMID: 37955504 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.171803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
We measure the lifetime of the D_{s}^{+} meson using a data sample of 207 fb^{-1} collected by the Belle II experiment running at the SuperKEKB asymmetric-energy e^{+}e^{-} collider. The lifetime is determined by fitting the decay-time distribution of a sample of 116×10^{3} D_{s}^{+}→ϕπ^{+} decays. Our result is τ_{D_{s}^{+}}=(499.5±1.7±0.9) fs, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. This result is significantly more precise than previous measurements.
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Park JE, Kim DY, Park JW, Jung YJ, Lee KS, Park JH, Sheen SS, Park KJ, Sunwoo MH, Chung WY. Development of a Machine Learning Model for Predicting Weaning Outcomes Based Solely on Continuous Ventilator Parameters during Spontaneous Breathing Trials. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1163. [PMID: 37892893 PMCID: PMC10604888 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10101163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Discontinuing mechanical ventilation remains challenging. We developed a machine learning model to predict weaning outcomes using only continuous monitoring parameters obtained from ventilators during spontaneous breathing trials (SBTs). Patients who received mechanical ventilation in the medical intensive care unit at a tertiary university hospital from 2019-2021 were included in this study. During the SBTs, three waveforms and 25 numerical data were collected as input variables. The proposed convolutional neural network (CNN)-based weaning prediction model extracts features from input data with diverse lengths. Among 138 enrolled patients, 35 (25.4%) experienced weaning failure. The dataset was randomly divided into training and test sets (8:2 ratio). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for weaning success by the prediction model was 0.912 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.795-1.000), with an area under the precision-recall curve of 0.767 (95% CI, 0.434-0.983). Furthermore, we used gradient-weighted class activation mapping technology to provide visual explanations of the model's prediction, highlighting influential features. This tool can assist medical staff by providing intuitive information regarding readiness for extubation without requiring any additional data collection other than SBT data. The proposed predictive model can assist clinicians in making ventilator weaning decisions in real time, thereby improving patient outcomes.
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Hur YJ, Kim J, Seong J, Lee CK, Kim BK, Kim DY. Combination of Radiotherapy and Atezolizumab plus Bevacizumab in Patients with Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Pilot Study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e304-e305. [PMID: 37785109 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.2325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Following the results of the IMbrave150 study, Atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (Atezo/beva) became the first-line treatment in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, its real-world efficacy has been less satisfied. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of radiotherapy (RT) combined with Atezo/beva in patients with advanced HCC. MATERIALS/METHODS Twenty patients received combination of RT and Atezo/beva between December 2021 and December 2022 at our institution. RT was administered in 10 fractions of 5 Gy between Atezo/beva cycles. Tumor response were evaluated on both imaging and tumor marker basis. The iRECIST guideline was used to assess treatment response after the combination treatment of RT and Atezo/beva. Primary endpoints were disease control rate (DCR) and overall response rate (ORR), and secondary endpoint was treatment related toxicity. RESULTS All patients were BCLC C with advanced tumors associated with lymph node metastasis (7, 35%) or distant metastasis (8, 40%). Patients received RT between cycles of Atezo/beva, mostly (14, 70%) between 2nd and 3rd cycles. After a median follow-up of 3.2 months, DCR was 65% and ORR was 20%. Significant decrease in tumor marker of over 2-fold was shown in 10 patients (50%). Regarding treatment related toxicity, only 1 patient (5%) showed grade 3 neutropenic fever, and no grade 4 or 5 toxicity was seen. CONCLUSION Combination of radiotherapy and Atezo/beva showed high response rate with tolerable treatment related toxicity in advanced HCC patients. Further prospective studies with larger patient cohort are warranted.
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Kim DY, Yim HE, Son MH, Yoo KH. Urine specific gravity, pyuria, and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin for identifying urinary tract infection in young children. Pediatr Nephrol 2023; 38:3337-3346. [PMID: 37074426 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-023-05957-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To determine whether urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (uNGAL) might be superior to pyuria for detecting urinary tract infection (UTI) regardless of urine specific gravity (SG) in young children. METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis of children aged < 3 years who were evaluated for UTI with urinalysis, urine culture, and uNGAL measurements during a 5-year period. Sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratios (LRs), predictive values (PVs), area under the curves (AUCs) of uNGAL cut-off levels, and various microscopic pyuria thresholds for detecting UTI were calculated for dilute (SG < 1.015) and concentrated urine (SG ≥ 1.015). RESULTS Of 456 children included, 218 had UTI. The diagnostic value of urine white blood cell (WBC) concentration to define UTI changed with urine SG. For detecting UTI, uNGAL cut-off of 68.4 ng/mL had higher AUC values than pyuria ≥ 5 WBCs/high power field (HPF) for dilute and concentrated urine samples (both P < 0.05). Positive LR and PV and specificity of uNGAL were all greater than those of pyuria ≥ 5 WBCs/HPF regardless of urine SG, although the sensitivity of pyuria ≥ 5 WBCs/HPF was higher than that of uNGAL cut-off for dilute urine (93.8% vs. 83.5%) (P < 0.05). At uNGAL ≥ 68.4 ng/mL and ≥ 5 WBCs/HPF, posttest probabilities of UTI were 68.8% and 57.5% for dilute urine and 73.4% and 57.3% for concentrated urine, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Urine SG can affect the diagnostic performance of pyuria for detecting UTI and uNGAL might be helpful for identifying UTI regardless of urine SG in young children. A higher resolution version of the Graphical abstract is available as Supplementary information.
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Jung J, Moon SM, Kim DY, Kim SH, Lee WJ, Heo ST, Park JY, Bae S, Lee MJ, Kim B, Park SY, Jeong HW, Kim Y, Kwak YG, Song KH, Park KH, Park SH, Kim YK, Kim ES, Kim HB. Appropriateness of antibiotic use for patients with asymptomatic bacteriuria or urinary tract infection with positive urine culture: a retrospective observational multi-centre study in Korea. J Hosp Infect 2023; 140:79-86. [PMID: 37562596 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2023.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antibiotic resistance threatens public health worldwide, and inappropriate use of antibiotics is one of the main causes. AIM To evaluate qualitative use of antibiotics in asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU) and urinary tract infection (UTI). METHODS Cases of positive urine culture (≥105 colony-forning units/mL) performed in inpatient, outpatient and emergency departments in April 2021 were screened in 26 hospitals in the Republic of Korea. The cases were classified as ABU, lower UTI and upper UTI. The appropriateness of antibiotic use was evaluated retrospectively by infectious disease specialists using quality indicators based on clinical guidelines for ABU and UTI. RESULTS This study included a total of 2697 patients with ABU or UTI. The appropriateness of antibiotic use was assessed in 1157 patients with ABU, and in 677 and 863 patients with lower and upper UTI, respectively. Among the 1157 patients with ABU, 251 (22%) were prescribed antibiotics without appropriate indications. In 66 patients with ABU in which antibiotics were prescribed with appropriate indications, the duration was adequate in only 23 (34.8%) patients. The appropriateness of empirical and definite antibiotics was noted in 527 (77.8%) and 353 (68.0%) patients with lower UTI, and 745 (86.3%) and 583 (78.2%) patients with upper UTI, respectively. The duration of antibiotics was adequate in 321 (61.8%) patients with lower UTI and 576 (78.7%) patients with upper UTI. CONCLUSIONS This nationwide qualitative assessment of antibiotic use in ABU and UTI revealed that antibiotics were often prescribed inappropriately, and the duration of antibiotics was unnecessarily prolonged.
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Kim YT, Lee JG, Joo DJ, Kim DY, Seong J. Liver-Directed Combined Radiotherapy for Downstaging of the Milan Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Converting to Liver Transplantation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e308. [PMID: 37785116 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.2332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Recent success of combined immunotherapy sheds a light to the future of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma patients but still remains as a palliative setting. The best oncologic outcome for HCC can be obtained by curative surgery either by resection or liver transplantation (LT). Efficacy of liver-directed combined radiotherapy (LD-CRT) for downstaging and subsequent surgical resection in locally advanced HCC had been reported earlier by our team. In this study, we investigated the role of LD-CRT as a downstaging strategy for converting advanced hepatocellular carcinoma to LT. MATERIALS/METHODS We reviewed 55 hepatocellular carcinoma patients who had undergone downstaging LD-CRT and subsequent liver transplantation from January 2009 to February 2022. Patients within Milan criteria at the time of receiving radiotherapy were excluded and clinical characteristics and histopathology of explant liver were evaluated. The overall survival and disease-free survival were assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method RESULTS: The median follow-up period was 48.6 months (range 6.9 - 151.7 months). Of 55 patients, 24 (43.6%) were treatment naïve. At the time of RT, 36 patients presented large tumor (tumor diameter >5 cm) or multiple lesions (>3 lesions), 37 with major vessel involvement or portal vein tumor thrombosis, and 7 with extrahepatic lesion. LD-CRT was given as localized concurrent chemoradiation (CCRT) for 41 patients (74.5%) and transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) plus RT for 10 patents (18.2%). Substantial downstaging has been achieved in 38 (69%) patients with initially over the Milan to within Milan. Specifically, 29 of 37 patients initially with major vessel invasion or with tumor thrombosis were successfully converted to microscopic vessel invasion or tumor thrombus-free status in explant liver. 5-year overall survival was 68.1% and 2-year disease-free survival was 51%, respectively. Recurrence after transplantation was observed in 18 patients (4 intrahepatic recurrence and 14 extrahepatic metastasis) and the majority (14/18) occurred within 2 years. CONCLUSION Liver-directed combined radiotherapy as a downstaging strategy for liver transplantation achieved favorable oncologic outcomes in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma patients. This study suggests that active adoption of radiotherapy needs full consideration for locally advanced HCC patients, opening a chance for curative LT.
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Adachi I, Adamczyk K, Aggarwal L, Ahmed H, Aihara H, Akopov N, Aloisio A, Anh Ky N, Asner DM, Atmacan H, Aushev T, Aushev V, Aversano M, Babu V, Bae H, Bahinipati S, Bambade P, Banerjee S, Bansal S, Barrett M, Baudot J, Bauer M, Baur A, Beaubien A, Becker J, Behera PK, Bennett JV, Bernieri E, Bernlochner FU, Bertacchi V, Bertemes M, Bertholet E, Bessner M, Bettarini S, Bhardwaj V, Bhuyan B, Bianchi F, Bilka T, Bilokin S, Biswas D, Bobrov A, Bodrov D, Bolz A, Borah J, Bozek A, Bračko M, Branchini P, Browder TE, Budano A, Bussino S, Campajola M, Cao L, Casarosa G, Cecchi C, Cerasoli J, Chang MC, Chang P, Cheaib R, Cheema P, Chekelian V, Chen YQ, Cheon BG, Chilikin K, Chirapatpimol K, Cho HE, Cho K, Cho SJ, Choi SK, Choudhury S, Cinabro D, Cochran J, Corona L, Cremaldi LM, Cunliffe S, Czank T, Das S, Dattola F, De La Cruz-Burelo E, De La Motte SA, de Marino G, De Nardo G, De Nuccio M, De Pietro G, de Sangro R, Destefanis M, Dey S, De Yta-Hernandez A, Dhamija R, Di Canto A, Di Capua F, Dingfelder J, Doležal Z, Domínguez Jiménez I, Dong TV, Dorigo M, Dort K, Dossett D, Dreyer S, Dubey S, Dujany G, Ecker P, Eliachevitch M, Epifanov D, Feichtinger P, Ferber T, Ferlewicz D, Fillinger T, Finck C, Finocchiaro G, Fodor A, Forti F, Frey A, Fulsom BG, Gabrielli A, Ganiev E, Garcia-Hernandez M, Garmash A, Gaudino G, Gaur V, Gaz A, Gellrich A, Ghevondyan G, Ghosh D, Ghumaryan H, Giakoustidis G, Giordano R, Giri A, Glazov A, Gobbo B, Godang R, Gogota O, Goldenzweig P, Gradl W, Grammatico T, Granderath S, Graziani E, Greenwald D, Gruberová Z, Gu T, Guan Y, Gudkova K, Guilliams J, Halder S, Han Y, Hara T, Hayasaka K, Hayashii H, Hazra S, Hearty C, Hedges MT, Heredia de la Cruz I, Hernández Villanueva M, Hershenhorn A, Higuchi T, Hill EC, Hirata H, Hoek M, Hohmann M, Hsu CL, Humair T, Iijima T, Inami K, Inguglia G, Ipsita N, Ishikawa A, Ito S, Itoh R, Iwasaki M, Jackson P, Jacobs WW, Jaffe DE, Jang EJ, Ji QP, Jia S, Jin Y, Johnson A, Joo KK, Junkerkalefeld H, Kakuno H, Kaleta M, Kalita D, Kaliyar AB, Kandra J, Kang KH, Kang S, Karl R, Karyan G, Kawasaki T, Keil F, Ketter C, Kiesling C, Kim CH, Kim DY, Kim KH, Kim YK, Kindo H, Kodyš P, Koga T, Kohani S, Kojima K, Konno T, Korobov A, Korpar S, Kovalenko E, Kowalewski R, Kraetzschmar TMG, Križan P, Krokovny P, Kuhr T, Kumar J, Kumar M, Kumar R, Kumara K, Kunigo T, Kuzmin A, Kwon YJ, Lacaprara S, Lai YT, Lam T, Lanceri L, Lange JS, Laurenza M, Lautenbach K, Leboucher R, Le Diberder FR, Leitl P, Levit D, Lewis PM, Li C, Li LK, Li YB, Libby J, Lieret K, Liu QY, Liu ZQ, Liventsev D, Longo S, Lozar A, Lueck T, Lyu C, Ma Y, Maggiora M, Maharana SP, Maiti R, Maity S, Manfredi R, Manoni E, Manthei AC, Mantovano M, Marcantonio D, Marcello S, Marinas C, Martel L, Martellini C, Martini A, Martinov T, Massaccesi L, Masuda M, Matsuda T, Matsuoka K, Matvienko D, Maurya SK, McKenna JA, Mehta R, Merola M, Metzner F, Milesi M, Miller C, Mirra M, Miyabayashi K, Miyake H, Mizuk R, Mohanty GB, Molina-Gonzalez N, Mondal S, Moneta S, Moser HG, Mrvar M, Mussa R, Nakamura I, Nakamura KR, Nakao M, Nakayama H, Nakazawa H, Nakazawa Y, Narimani Charan A, Naruki M, Narwal D, Natkaniec Z, Natochii A, Nayak L, Nayak M, Nazaryan G, Niebuhr C, Nisar NK, Nishida S, Ogawa S, Ono H, Onuki Y, Oskin P, Otani F, Pakhlov P, Pakhlova G, Paladino A, Panta A, Paoloni E, Pardi S, Parham K, Park J, Park SH, Paschen B, Passeri A, Patra S, Paul S, Pedlar TK, Peruzzi I, Peschke R, Pestotnik R, Pham F, Piccolo M, Piilonen LE, Pinna Angioni G, Podesta-Lerma PLM, Podobnik T, Pokharel S, Polat L, Praz C, Prell S, Prencipe E, Prim MT, Purwar H, Rad N, Rados P, Raeuber G, Raiz S, Ramirez Morales A, Reif M, Reiter S, Remnev M, Ripp-Baudot I, Rizzo G, Rizzuto LB, Robertson SH, Rodríguez Pérez D, Roehrken M, Roney JM, Rostomyan A, Rout N, Russo G, Sahoo D, Sanders DA, Sandilya S, Sangal A, Santelj L, Sato Y, Savinov V, Scavino B, Schnepf M, Schueler J, Schwanda C, Seino Y, Selce A, Senyo K, Serrano J, Sevior ME, Sfienti C, Shan W, Sharma C, Shen CP, Shi XD, Shillington T, Shiu JG, Shtol D, Shwartz B, Sibidanov A, Simon F, Singh JB, Skorupa J, Sobie RJ, Sobotzik M, Soffer A, Sokolov A, Solovieva E, Spataro S, Spruck B, Starič M, Stavroulakis P, Stefkova S, Stottler ZS, Stroili R, Strube J, Sue Y, Sumihama M, Sumisawa K, Sutcliffe W, Suzuki SY, Svidras H, Takahashi M, Takizawa M, Tamponi U, Tanaka S, Tanida K, Tanigawa H, Tenchini F, Thaller A, Tiwary R, Tonelli D, Torassa E, Toutounji N, Trabelsi K, Tsaklidis I, Uchida M, Ueda I, Uematsu Y, Uglov T, Unger K, Unno Y, Uno K, Uno S, Urquijo P, Ushiroda Y, Vahsen SE, van Tonder R, Varner GS, Varvell KE, Vinokurova A, Vismaya VS, Vitale L, Vobbilisetti V, Volpe R, Vossen A, Wach B, Wakai M, Wakeling HM, Wallner S, Wang E, Wang MZ, Wang XL, Wang Z, Warburton A, Watanabe M, Watanuki S, Welsch M, Wessel C, Won E, Xu XP, Yabsley BD, Yamada S, Yan W, Yang SB, Ye H, Yelton J, Yin JH, Yook YM, Yoshihara K, Yuan CZ, Yusa Y, Zani L, Zhai Y, Zhang Y, Zhilich V, Zhou JS, Zhou QD, Zhou XY, Zhukova VI, Žlebčík R. Search for a τ^{+}τ^{-} Resonance in e^{+}e^{-}→μ^{+}μ^{-}τ^{+}τ^{-} Events with the Belle II Experiment. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:121802. [PMID: 37802942 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.121802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
We report the first search for a nonstandard-model resonance decaying into τ pairs in e^{+}e^{-}→μ^{+}μ^{-}τ^{+}τ^{-} events in the 3.6-10 GeV/c^{2} mass range. We use a 62.8 fb^{-1} sample of e^{+}e^{-} collisions collected at a center-of-mass energy of 10.58 GeV by the Belle II experiment at the SuperKEKB collider. The analysis probes three different models predicting a spin-1 particle coupling only to the heavier lepton families, a Higgs-like spin-0 particle that couples preferentially to charged leptons (leptophilic scalar), and an axionlike particle, respectively. We observe no evidence for a signal and set exclusion limits at 90% confidence level on the product of cross section and branching fraction into τ pairs, ranging from 0.7 to 24 fb, and on the couplings of these processes. We obtain world-leading constraints on the couplings for the leptophilic scalar model for masses above 6.5 GeV/c^{2} and for the axionlike particle model over the entire mass range.
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Adachi I, Adamczyk K, Aggarwal L, Ahmed H, Aihara H, Akopov N, Aloisio A, Anh Ky N, Asner DM, Atmacan H, Aushev T, Aushev V, Aversano M, Babu V, Bae H, Bahinipati S, Bambade P, Banerjee S, Barrett M, Baudot J, Bauer M, Baur A, Beaubien A, Becker J, Behera PK, Bennett JV, Bertacchi V, Bertemes M, Bertholet E, Bessner M, Bettarini S, Bhuyan B, Bianchi F, Bilka T, Biswas D, Bodrov D, Bondar A, Borah J, Bozek A, Bračko M, Branchini P, Briere RA, Browder TE, Budano A, Bussino S, Campajola M, Cao L, Casarosa G, Cecchi C, Cerasoli J, Chang P, Cheaib R, Cheema P, Chekelian V, Chen C, Cheon BG, Chilikin K, Chirapatpimol K, Cho HE, Cho K, Cho SJ, Choi SK, Choudhury S, Cochran J, Corona L, Cremaldi LM, Das S, Dattola F, De La Cruz-Burelo E, De La Motte SA, de Marino G, De Nuccio M, De Pietro G, de Sangro R, Destefanis M, De Yta-Hernandez A, Dhamija R, Di Canto A, Di Capua F, Dingfelder J, Doležal Z, Domínguez Jiménez I, Dong TV, Dorigo M, Dort K, Dreyer S, Dubey S, Dujany G, Ecker P, Eliachevitch M, Feichtinger P, Ferber T, Ferlewicz D, Fillinger T, Finck C, Finocchiaro G, Fodor A, Forti F, Fulsom BG, Gabrielli A, Ganiev E, Garcia-Hernandez M, Garg R, Garmash A, Gaudino G, Gaur V, Gaz A, Gellrich A, Ghosh D, Giakoustidis G, Giordano R, Giri A, Glazov A, Gobbo B, Godang R, Goldenzweig P, Gradl W, Grammatico T, Granderath S, Graziani E, Greenwald D, Gruberová Z, Gu T, Guan Y, Gudkova K, Halder S, Han Y, Hara K, Hara T, Hayasaka K, Hayashii H, Hazra S, Hearty C, Hedges MT, Heredia de la Cruz I, Hernández Villanueva M, Hershenhorn A, Higuchi T, Hill EC, Hoek M, Hohmann M, Hsu CL, Humair T, Iijima T, Inami K, Ipsita N, Ishikawa A, Ito S, Itoh R, Iwasaki M, Jackson P, Jacobs WW, Jang EJ, Ji QP, Jia S, Jin Y, Johnson A, Joo KK, Junkerkalefeld H, Kaleta M, Kaliyar AB, Kandra J, Kang KH, Kang S, Kar S, Karyan G, Kawasaki T, Keil F, Ketter C, Kiesling C, Kim CH, Kim DY, Kim KH, Kim YK, Kindo H, Kodyš P, Koga T, Kohani S, Kojima K, Korobov A, Korpar S, Kovalenko E, Kowalewski R, Kraetzschmar TMG, Križan P, Krokovny P, Kuhr T, Kumar J, Kumar M, Kumara K, Kunigo T, Kuzmin A, Kwon YJ, Lacaprara S, Lai YT, Lam T, Lange JS, Laurenza M, Leboucher R, Le Diberder FR, Leitl P, Levit D, Li C, Li LK, Libby J, Liu QY, Liu ZQ, Liventsev D, Longo S, Lueck T, Luo T, Lyu C, Ma Y, Maggiora M, Maharana SP, Maiti R, Maity S, Mancinelli G, Manfredi R, Manoni E, Mantovano M, Marcantonio D, Marcello S, Marinas C, Martel L, Martellini C, Martinov T, Massaccesi L, Masuda M, Matsuda T, Matsuoka K, Matvienko D, Maurya SK, McKenna JA, Mehta R, Meier F, Merola M, Metzner F, Milesi M, Miller C, Mirra M, Miyabayashi K, Mizuk R, Mohanty GB, Molina-Gonzalez N, Mondal S, Moneta S, Moser HG, Mrvar M, Mussa R, Nakamura I, Nakazawa Y, Narimani Charan A, Naruki M, Natochii A, Nayak L, Nayak M, Nazaryan G, Nisar NK, Nishida S, Ono H, Onuki Y, Oskin P, Pakhlov P, Pakhlova G, Paladino A, Paoloni E, Pardi S, Parham K, Park H, Park SH, Passeri A, Patra S, Paul S, Pedlar TK, Peschke R, Pestotnik R, Pham F, Piccolo M, Piilonen LE, Podesta-Lerma PLM, Podobnik T, Pokharel S, Praz C, Prell S, Prencipe E, Prim MT, Purwar H, Rad N, Rados P, Raeuber G, Raiz S, Reif M, Reiter S, Remnev M, Ripp-Baudot I, Rizzo G, Robertson SH, Roehrken M, Roney JM, Rostomyan A, Rout N, Russo G, Sahoo D, Sandilya S, Sangal A, Santelj L, Sato Y, Savinov V, Scavino B, Schmitt C, Schwanda C, Schwartz AJ, Seino Y, Selce A, Senyo K, Serrano J, Sevior ME, Sfienti C, Shan W, Sharma C, Shi XD, Shillington T, Shiu JG, Shtol D, Sibidanov A, Simon F, Singh JB, Skorupa J, Sobie RJ, Sobotzik M, Soffer A, Sokolov A, Solovieva E, Spataro S, Spruck B, Starič M, Stavroulakis P, Stefkova S, Stottler ZS, Stroili R, Sumihama M, Sumisawa K, Sutcliffe W, Svidras H, Takahashi M, Takizawa M, Tamponi U, Tanaka S, Tanida K, Tenchini F, Thaller A, Tittel O, Tiwary R, Tonelli D, Torassa E, Trabelsi K, Tsaklidis I, Uchida M, Ueda I, Uglov T, Unger K, Unno Y, Uno K, Uno S, Urquijo P, Ushiroda Y, Vahsen SE, van Tonder R, Varner GS, Varvell KE, Vinokurova A, Vismaya VS, Vitale L, Wach B, Wakai M, Wakeling HM, Wallner S, Wang E, Wang MZ, Wang Z, Warburton A, Watanabe M, Watanuki S, Welsch M, Wessel C, Won E, Xu XP, Yabsley BD, Yamada S, Yan W, Yang SB, Yin JH, Yoshihara K, Yuan CZ, Yusa Y, Zani L, Zhang Y, Zhilich V, Zhou QD, Zhukova VI. Measurement of CP Violation in B^{0}→K_{S}^{0}π^{0} Decays at Belle II. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:111803. [PMID: 37774261 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.111803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
We report a measurement of the CP-violating parameters C and S in B^{0}→K_{S}^{0}π^{0} decays at Belle II using a sample of 387×10^{6} BB[over ¯] events recorded in e^{+}e^{-} collisions at a center-of-mass energy corresponding to the ϒ(4S) resonance. These parameters are determined by fitting the proper decay-time distribution of a sample of 415 signal events. We obtain C=-0.04_{-0.15}^{+0.14}±0.05 and S=0.75_{-0.23}^{+0.20}±0.04, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic.
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Lee HA, Lee S, Lee HL, Song JE, Lee DH, Han S, Shim JH, Kim BH, Choi JY, Rhim H, Kim DY. The efficacy of treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma in elderly patients. JOURNAL OF LIVER CANCER 2023; 23:362-376. [PMID: 37705145 PMCID: PMC10565541 DOI: 10.17998/jlc.2023.08.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Despite the increasing proportion of elderly patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) over time, treatment efficacy in this population is not well established. METHODS Data collected from the Korean Primary Liver Cancer Registry, a representative cohort of patients newly diagnosed with HCC in Korea between 2008 and 2017, were analyzed. Overall survival (OS) according to tumor stage and treatment modality was compared between elderly and non-elderly patients with HCC. RESULTS Among 15,186 study patients, 5,829 (38.4%) were elderly. A larger proportion of elderly patients did not receive any treatment for HCC than non-elderly patients (25.2% vs. 16.7%). However, OS was significantly better in elderly patients who received treatment compared to those who did not (median, 38.6 vs. 22.3 months; P<0.001). In early-stage HCC, surgery yielded significantly lower OS in elderly patients compared to non-elderly patients (median, 97.4 vs. 138.0 months; P<0.001), however, local ablation (median, 82.2 vs. 105.5 months) and transarterial therapy (median, 42.6 vs. 56.9 months) each provided comparable OS between the two groups after inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) analysis (all P>0.05). After IPTW, in intermediate-stage HCC, surgery (median, 66.0 vs. 90.3 months) and transarterial therapy (median, 36.5 vs. 37.2 months), and in advanced-stage HCC, transarterial (median, 25.3 vs. 26.3 months) and systemic therapy (median, 25.3 vs. 26.3 months) yielded comparable OS between the elderly and non-elderly HCC patients (all P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS Personalized treatments tailored to individual patients can improve the prognosis of elderly patients with HCC to a level comparable to that of non-elderly patients.
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Han E, Chun HS, Lee YH, Lee JS, Lee HW, Kim BK, Park JY, Kim DY, Lee BW, Kang ES, Cha BS, Ahn SH, Kim SU. MAFLD might be better in identifying subjects with sarcopenia or cardiovascular risk than NAFLD: A nationwide study. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 38:1598-1609. [PMID: 37321651 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.16261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Clinical features of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but not fulfilling the diagnostic criteria of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), remain unclear. We investigated the risk of sarcopenia and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in MAFLD and non-metabolic risk (MR) NAFLD. METHODS Subjects were selected from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2008-2011. Liver steatosis was assessed using fatty liver index. Significant liver fibrosis was defined using fibrosis-4 index, categorized by age cut-offs. Sarcopenia was defined as the lowest quintile sarcopenia index. Atherosclerotic CVD (ASCVD) risk score > 10% was defined as high probability. RESULTS A total of 7248 subjects had fatty liver (137 with non-MR NAFLD, 1752 with MAFLD/non-NAFLD, and 5359 with overlapping MAFLD and NAFLD). In non-MR NAFLD group 28 (20.4%) had significant fibrosis. The risk of sarcopenia (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.71, 95% confidence index [CI] = 1.27-5.78) and high probability of ASCVD (aOR = 2.79, 95% CI = 1.23-6.35) was significantly higher in MAFLD/non-NAFLD group than in non-MR NAFLD group (all P < 0.05). The risk of sarcopenia and high probability of ASCVD was similar between subjects with and without significant fibrosis in non-MR NAFLD group (all P > 0.05). However, the risk was significantly higher in MAFLD group than in non-MR NAFLD group (aOR = 3.38 for sarcopenia and 3.73 for ASCVD; all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The risks of sarcopenia and CVD were significantly higher in MAFLD group but did not differ according to fibrotic burden in non-MR NAFLD group. The MAFLD criteria might be better for identifying high-risk fatty liver disease than the NAFLD criteria.
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Aggarwal L, Ahmed H, Aihara H, Akopov N, Aloisio A, Anh Ky N, Asner DM, Atmacan H, Aushev T, Aushev V, Bae H, Bahinipati S, Bambade P, Banerjee S, Bansal S, Barrett M, Baudot J, Bauer M, Baur A, Beaubien A, Becker J, Bennett JV, Bernieri E, Bernlochner FU, Bertacchi V, Bertemes M, Bertholet E, Bessner M, Bettarini S, Bhardwaj V, Bhuyan B, Bianchi F, Bilka T, Bilokin S, Biswas D, Bodrov D, Borah J, Bozek A, Bračko M, Briere RA, Browder TE, Budano A, Bussino S, Campajola M, Cao L, Casarosa G, Cecchi C, Cerasoli J, Chang MC, Cheaib R, Cheema P, Chekelian V, Cheon BG, Chilikin K, Chirapatpimol K, Cho HE, Cho K, Cho SJ, Choi SK, Choudhury S, Cochran J, Corona L, Cunliffe S, Dattola F, De La Cruz-Burelo E, De La Motte SA, De Nardo G, De Nuccio M, De Pietro G, de Sangro R, Destefanis M, Dhamija R, Di Capua F, Dingfelder J, Doležal Z, Dong TV, Dorigo M, Dossett D, Dreyer S, Dubey S, Dujany G, Ecker P, Eliachevitch M, Feichtinger P, Ferber T, Ferlewicz D, Fillinger T, Finocchiaro G, Fodor A, Forti F, Frey A, Fulsom BG, Gabrielli A, Ganiev E, Garcia-Hernandez M, Gaudino G, Gaur V, Gaz A, Gellrich A, Ghevondyan G, Giordano R, Giri A, Glazov A, Gobbo B, Godang R, Goldenzweig P, Gradl W, Grammatico T, Granderath S, Graziani E, Gruberová Z, Gu T, Gudkova K, Halder S, Hara T, Hayasaka K, Hayashii H, Hazra S, Hearty C, Hedges MT, Heredia de la Cruz I, Hernández Villanueva M, Hershenhorn A, Higuchi T, Hill EC, Hohmann M, Hsu CL, Iijima T, Inami K, Inguglia G, Ipsita N, Ishikawa A, Ito S, Itoh R, Iwasaki M, Jacobs WW, Jang EJ, Ji QP, Jia S, Jin Y, Junkerkalefeld H, Kaleta M, Kaliyar AB, Karyan G, Kawasaki T, Kiesling C, Kim CH, Kim DY, Kim KH, Kim YK, Kindo H, Kinoshita K, Kodyš P, Kohani S, Kojima K, Korobov A, Korpar S, Kovalenko E, Kowalewski R, Križan P, Krokovny P, Kumar J, Kumar R, Kumara K, Kuzmin A, Kwon YJ, Lacaprara S, Lange JS, Laurenza M, Leboucher R, Le Diberder FR, Levit D, Lewis PM, Li LK, Libby J, Liptak Z, Liu QY, Liu ZQ, Liventsev D, Longo S, Lueck T, Lyu C, Ma Y, Maggiora M, Maharana SP, Maiti R, Maity S, Manfredi R, Manoni E, Manthei AC, Mantovano M, Marinas C, Martel L, Martellini C, Martini A, Massaccesi L, Masuda M, Matsuoka K, Matvienko D, Maurya SK, McKenna JA, Meier F, Merola M, Metzner F, Milesi M, Miller C, Miyabayashi K, Mizuk R, Mohanty GB, Moneta S, Mrvar M, Mussa R, Nakamura I, Nakamura KR, Nakao M, Nakazawa Y, Narimani Charan A, Naruki M, Narwal D, Natochii A, Nayak L, Nazaryan G, Nisar NK, Nishida S, Ono H, Onuki Y, Oskin P, Pakhlov P, Pakhlova G, Paladino A, Panta A, Pardi S, Park H, Park J, Paschen B, Passeri A, Patra S, Paul S, Pedlar TK, Peruzzi I, Peschke R, Pestotnik R, Piilonen LE, Pinna Angioni G, Podesta-Lerma PLM, Podobnik T, Pokharel S, Polat L, Praz C, Prell S, Prencipe E, Prim MT, Purwar H, Rad N, Rados P, Raeuber G, Reif M, Reiter S, Ripp-Baudot I, Rizzo G, Rizzuto LB, Rocchetti P, Roney JM, Rostomyan A, Rout N, Sanders DA, Sandilya S, Sangal A, Santelj L, Sato Y, Scavino B, Schwanda C, Seino Y, Selce A, Senyo K, Sevior ME, Sfienti C, Shan W, Sharma C, Shen CP, Shillington T, Shiu JG, Simon F, Singh JB, Skorupa J, Sobie RJ, Soffer A, Sokolov A, Solovieva E, Spataro S, Spruck B, Starič M, Stefkova S, Stroili R, Sue Y, Sumihama M, Sutcliffe W, Suzuki SY, Svidras H, Takizawa M, Tamponi U, Tanida K, Taniguchi N, Tenchini F, Tiwary R, Tonelli D, Torassa E, Trabelsi K, Tsaklidis I, Ueda I, Uematsu Y, Uglov T, Unger K, Unno Y, Uno K, Uno S, Urquijo P, Ushiroda Y, Vahsen SE, van Tonder R, Varner GS, Varvell KE, Vinokurova A, Vismaya VS, Vitale L, Vossen A, Wallner S, Wang E, Wang MZ, Wang XL, Warburton A, Watanabe M, Watanuki S, Welsch M, Wessel C, Won E, Xu XP, Yabsley BD, Yamada S, Yan W, Yang SB, Ye H, Yin JH, Yook YM, Yoshihara K, Zhai Y, Zhang Y, Zhilich V, Zhou QD, Zhou XY, Zhukova VI, Žlebčík R. Test of Light-Lepton Universality in the Rates of Inclusive Semileptonic B-Meson Decays at Belle II. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:051804. [PMID: 37595249 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.051804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
We present the first measurement of the ratio of branching fractions of inclusive semileptonic B-meson decays, R(X_{e/μ})=B(B→Xeν)/B(B→Xμν), a precision test of electron-muon universality, using data corresponding to 189 fb^{-1} from electron-positron collisions collected with the Belle II detector. In events where the partner B meson is fully reconstructed, we use fits to the lepton momentum spectra above 1.3 GeV/c to obtain R(X_{e/μ})=1.007±0.009(stat)±0.019(syst), which is the most precise lepton-universality test of its kind and agrees with the standard-model expectation.
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Kim DS, Kim BK, Lee JS, Lee HW, Park JY, Kim DY, Ahn SH, Pyrsopoulos N, Kim SU. Noninvasive risk assessment of hepatic decompensation in patients with hepatitis B virus-related liver cirrhosis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 38:1372-1380. [PMID: 37188655 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.16210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Hepatic decompensation is a major complication of liver cirrhosis. We validated the predictive performance of the newly proposed CHESS-ALARM model to predict hepatic decompensation in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related cirrhosis and compared it with other transient elastography (TE)-based models such as liver stiffness-spleen size-to-platelet (LSPS), portal hypertension (PH), varices risk scores, albumin-bilirubin (ALBI), and albumin-bilirubin-fibrosis-4 (ALBI-FIB-4). METHODS Four hundred eighty-two patients with HBV-related liver cirrhosis between 2006 and 2014 were recruited. Liver cirrhosis was clinically or morphologically defined. The predictive performance of the models was assessed using a time-dependent area under the curve (tAUC). RESULTS During the study period, 48 patients (10.0%) developed hepatic decompensation (median 93 months). The 1-year predictive performance of the LSPS model (tAUC = 0.8405) was higher than those of the PH model (tAUC = 0.8255), ALBI-FIB-4 (tAUC = 0.8168), ALBI (tAUC = 0.8153), CHESS-ALARM (tAUC = 0.8090), and variceal risk score (tAUC = 0.7990). The 3-year predictive performance of the LSPS model (tAUC = 0.8673) was higher than those of the PH risk score (tAUC = 0.8670), CHESS-ALARM (tAUC = 0.8329), variceal risk score (tAUC = 0.8290), ALBI-FIB-4 (tAUC = 0.7730), and ALBI (tAUC = 0.7451). The 5-year predictive performance of the PH risk score (tAUC = 0.8521) was higher than those of the LSPS (tAUC = 0.8465), varices risk score (tAUC = 0.8261), CHESS-ALARM (tAUC = 0.7971), ALBI-FIB-4 (tAUC = 0.7743), and ALBI (tAUC = 0.7541). However, there was no significant difference in the predictive performance among all models at 1, 3, and 5 years (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The CHESS-ALARM score was able to reliably predict hepatic decompensation in patients with HBV-related liver cirrhosis and showed similar performance to the LSPS, PH, varices risk scores, ALBI, and ALBI-FIB-4.
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Lee HW, Kim H, Park T, Park SY, Chon YE, Seo YS, Lee JS, Park JY, Kim DY, Ahn SH, Kim BK, Kim SU. A machine learning model for predicting hepatocellular carcinoma risk in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Liver Int 2023; 43:1813-1821. [PMID: 37452503 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Machine learning (ML) algorithms can be used to overcome the prognostic performance limitations of conventional hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk models. We established and validated an ML-based HCC predictive model optimized for patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infections receiving antiviral therapy (AVT). METHODS Treatment-naïve CHB patients who were started entecavir (ETV) or tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) were enrolled. We used a training cohort (n = 960) to develop a novel ML model that predicted HCC development within 5 years and validated the model using an independent external cohort (n = 1937). ML algorithms consider all potential interactions and do not use predefined hypotheses. RESULTS The mean age of the patients in the training cohort was 48 years, and most patients (68.9%) were men. During the median 59.3 (interquartile range 45.8-72.3) months of follow-up, 69 (7.2%) patients developed HCC. Our ML-based HCC risk prediction model had an area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.900, which was better than the AUCs of CAMD (0.778) and REAL B (0.772) (both p < .05). The better performance of our model was maintained (AUC = 0.872 vs. 0.788 for CAMD and 0.801 for REAL B) in the validation cohort. Using cut-off probabilities of 0.3 and 0.5, the cumulative incidence of HCC development differed significantly among the three risk groups (p < .001). CONCLUSIONS Our new ML model performed better than models in terms of predicting the risk of HCC development in CHB patients receiving AVT.
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Kim DY, Kim YR, Suh C, Yoon DH, Yang DH, Park Y, Eom HS, Lee JO, Kwak JY, Kang HJ, Hyun SY, Jo JC, Chang MH, Yoo KH, Lim SN, Shin HJ, Kim WS, Kim IH, Kim MK, Kim HJ, Lee WS, Mun YC, Kim JS. A Prospective Study of Preemptive Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Therapy in HBsAg-Positive Patients With Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Receiving Rituximab Plus Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, Vincristine, and Prednisone. Am J Gastroenterol 2023; 118:1373-1380. [PMID: 36728217 DOI: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000002185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This prospective study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of preemptive antiviral therapy with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) for HBsAg-positive patients with newly diagnosed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma receiving rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) chemotherapy. METHODS We enrolled 73 patients from 20 institutions. The primary end point was the absolute risk of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatitis during preemptive TDF therapy and for 24 weeks after withdrawal from TDF. Hepatitis was defined as a more than 3-fold increase in serum alanine aminotransferase from baseline or an alanine aminotransferase level of ≥100 U/L. HBV-related hepatitis was defined as hepatitis with an increase in serum HBV-DNA to >10 times that of the pre-exacerbation baseline or an absolute increase of ≥20,000 IU/mL compared with the baseline. RESULTS No patient developed HBV reactivation or HBV-related hepatitis during preemptive antiviral therapy (until 48 weeks after completion of R-CHOP chemotherapy) with TDF. All adverse events were grade 1 or 2. HBV reactivation was reported in 17 (23.3%) patients. All HBV reactivation was developed at a median of 90 days after withdrawal from TDF (range, 37-214 days). Six (8.2%) patients developed HBV-related hepatitis at a median of 88 days after withdrawal from TDF (range, 37-183 days). DISCUSSION Preemptive TDF therapy in HBsAg-positive patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma receiving R-CHOP chemotherapy was safe and effective for preventing HBV-related hepatitis. However, a long-term maintenance strategy of preemptive TDF therapy should be recommended because of the relatively high rate of HBV-related hepatitis after withdrawal from TDF ( ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT02354846).
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Kim DY, Park G, Hong HS, Kim S, Son Y. Platelet-Derived Growth Factor-BB Priming Enhances Vasculogenic Capacity of Bone Marrow-Derived Endothelial Precursor Like Cells. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2023; 20:695-704. [PMID: 37266845 PMCID: PMC10352207 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-023-00546-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) were first identified in the peripheral blood and later in the cord blood and bone marrow (BM) with different vascularization capacity and different surface marker profiles. However, their identity and functional roles in neovascularization have not been clearly demonstrated in vivo and in vitro. METHODS Characterization of BM-EPC like cells were performed by fluorescence-activated cell sorting, immunofluorescence staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Matrigel tube formation assay, and western blot analysis. RESULTS BM-EPC like cells were identified by selective adhesion to fibronectin and collagen from BM mononuclear cells, which generate fast-growing colonies with spindle morphology, express surface markers of CD105, vWF, UEA-I lectin binding, secrete HGF, VEGF, TGF-beta1 but can be distinguished from circulating EPC and endothelial cells by no expression of surface markers such as CD31, CD309, CD45, and CD34. These BM-EPC like cells shared many cell surface markers of BM-mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) but also can be distinguished by their vasculogenic property and other unique surface markers. Furthermore, the vasculogenic capacity of BM-EPC like cells were enhanced by co-culture of BM-MSC or PDGF-BB priming. PDGF-BB stimulated cell migration, proliferation, and secretion of laminin β-1, which was proposed as one of the mechanisms involved in the better vascularization of BM-EPC like cells. CONCLUSION PDGF-BB priming may be applied to improve the potency and function of BM-EPC like cells as vasculogenic cell therapy for the ischemic vascular repair.
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Cui G, Liu Y, Zu D, Zhao X, Zhang Z, Kim DY, Senaratne P, Fox A, Sept D, Park Y, Lee SE. Phase intensity nanoscope (PINE) opens long-time investigation windows of living matter. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4318. [PMID: 37463892 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39624-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Fundamental to all living organisms and living soft matter are emergent processes in which the reorganization of individual constituents at the nanoscale drives group-level movements and shape changes at the macroscale over time. However, light-induced degradation of fluorophores, photobleaching, is a significant problem in extended bioimaging in life science. Here, we report opening a long-time investigation window by nonbleaching phase intensity nanoscope: PINE. We accomplish phase-intensity separation such that nanoprobe distributions are distinguished by an integrated phase-intensity multilayer thin film (polyvinyl alcohol/liquid crystal). We overcame a physical limit to resolve sub-10 nm cellular architectures, and achieve the first dynamic imaging of nanoscopic reorganization over 250 h using PINE. We discover nanoscopic rearrangements synchronized with the emergence of group-level movements and shape changes at the macroscale according to a set of interaction rules with importance in cellular and soft matter reorganization, self-organization, and pattern formation.
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Bodrov D, Pakhlov P, Adachi I, Aihara H, Said SA, Asner DM, Atmacan H, Aushev T, Ayad R, Babu V, Banerjee S, Behera P, Belous K, Bennett J, Bessner M, Bhuyan B, Bilka T, Biswas D, Bobrov A, Bondar A, Borah J, Bozek A, Bračko M, Branchini P, Browder TE, Budano A, Campajola M, Červenkov D, Chang MC, Cheon BG, Chilikin K, Cho HE, Cho K, Cho SJ, Choi SK, Choi Y, Choudhury S, Cinabro D, Das S, De Nardo G, De Pietro G, Dhamija R, Di Capua F, Dingfelder J, Doležal Z, Dong TV, Epifanov D, Ferber T, Ferlewicz D, Fulsom BG, Gaur V, Garmash A, Giri A, Goldenzweig P, Graziani E, Greenwald D, Gu T, Guan Y, Gudkova K, Hadjivasiliou C, Halder S, Hayasaka K, Hayashii H, Hedges MT, Herrmann D, Hou WS, Hsu CL, Iijima T, Inami K, Ipsita N, Ishikawa A, Itoh R, Iwasaki M, Jacobs WW, Jang EJ, Ji QP, Jia S, Jin Y, Joo KK, Kalita D, Kaliyar AB, Kawasaki T, Kiesling C, Kim CH, Kim DY, Kim KH, Kim YK, Kindo H, Kinoshita K, Kodyš P, Korpar S, Križan P, Krokovny P, Kuhr T, Kumar M, Kumar R, Kumara K, Kwon YJ, Lange JS, Lee SC, Li J, Li LK, Libby J, Lieret K, Lin YR, Liventsev D, Luo T, Ma Y, Masuda M, Matsuda T, Maurya SK, Meier F, Merola M, Metzner F, Miyabayashi K, Mizuk R, Mohanty GB, Mussa R, Nakao M, Narwal D, Natkaniec Z, Natochii A, Nayak L, Nayak M, Nisar NK, Nishida S, Ogawa S, Oskin P, Pakhlova G, Pardi S, Park H, Park J, Park SH, Passeri A, Patra S, Paul S, Pestotnik R, Piilonen LE, Podobnik T, Prencipe E, Prim MT, Rabusov A, Rout N, Russo G, Sandilya S, Sangal A, Santelj L, Savinov V, Schnell G, Schwanda C, Seino Y, Senyo K, Shan W, Shapkin M, Sharma C, Shiu JG, Singh JB, Sokolov A, Solovieva E, Starič M, Stottler ZS, Sumihama M, Takizawa M, Tamponi U, Tanida K, Tenchini F, Tiwary R, Trabelsi K, Uchida M, Uglov T, Unno Y, Uno K, Uno S, Vahsen SE, Varner G, Vinokurova A, Vossen A, Wang D, Wang E, Wang MZ, Watanuki S, Werbycka O, Xu X, Yabsley BD, Yan W, Yang SB, Yelton J, Yin JH, Yuan CZ, Yusa Y, Zhang ZP, Zhilich V, Zhukova V. First Measurement of the Michel Parameter ξ^{'} in the τ^{-}→μ^{-}ν[over ¯]_{μ}ν_{τ} Decay at Belle. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:021801. [PMID: 37505960 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.021801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
We report the first measurement of the Michel parameter ξ^{'} in the τ^{-}→μ^{-}ν[over ¯]_{μ}ν_{τ} decay with a new method proposed just recently. The measurement is based on the reconstruction of the τ^{-}→μ^{-}ν[over ¯]_{μ}ν_{τ} events with subsequent muon decay in flight in the Belle central drift chamber. The analyzed data sample of 988 fb^{-1} collected by the Belle detector corresponds to approximately 912×10^{6} τ^{+}τ^{-} pairs. We measure ξ^{'}=0.22±0.94(stat)±0.42(syst), which is in agreement with the standard model prediction of ξ^{'}=1. Statistical uncertainty dominates in this study, being a limiting factor, while systematic uncertainty is well under control. Our analysis proved the practicability of this promising method and its prospects for further precise measurement in future experiments.
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Lee CH, Choi GH, Choi HY, Han S, Jang ES, Chon YE, Chang Y, Kim KA, Kim DY, Yim HJ, Kim HL, Jeong SH, Kim IH. Core indicators related to the elimination of hepatitis B and C virus infection in South Korea: A nationwide study. Clin Mol Hepatol 2023; 29:779-793. [PMID: 37188331 PMCID: PMC10366799 DOI: 10.3350/cmh.2023.0110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS To eliminate hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) according to the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria in 2021, this study investigated the national core indicators representing the current status of viral hepatitis B and C in South Korea. METHODS We analyzed the incidence, linkage-to-care, treatment, and mortality rates of HBV and HCV infection using the integrated nationwide big data of South Korea. RESULTS According to data from 2018-2020, the incidence of acute HBV infection in South Korea was 0.71 cases per 100,000 population; tthe linkage-to-care rate was only 39.4%. Among those who need hepatitis B treatment, the treatment rate was 67.3%, which was less than 80% reported in the WHO program index. The annual liver-related mortality due to HBV was 18.85 cases per 100,000 population, exceeding the WHO target of four; the most frequent cause of death was liver cancer (54.1%). The annual incidence of newly diagnosed HCV infection was 11.9 cases per 100,000 population, which was higher than the WHO impact target of five. Among HCV-infected patients, the linkage-to-care rate was 65.5% while the treatment rate was 56.8%, which were below the targets of 90% and 80%, respectively. The liver-related annual mortality rate due to HCV infection was 2.02 cases per 100,000 population. CONCLUSION Many of the current indicators identified in the Korean population did not satisfy the WHO criteria for validation of viral hepatitis elimination. Hence, a comprehensive national strategy should be urgently developed with continuous monitoring of the targets in South Korea.
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Watanuki S, de Marino G, Trabelsi K, Adachi I, Aihara H, Asner DM, Atmacan H, Aulchenko V, Aushev T, Ayad R, Babu V, Banerjee S, Bauer M, Behera P, Belous K, Bessner M, Bhardwaj V, Bhuyan B, Biswas D, Bodrov D, Bonvicini G, Borah J, Bozek A, Bračko M, Branchini P, Browder TE, Budano A, Campajola M, Cao L, Červenkov D, Chang MC, Cheon BG, Chilikin K, Cho K, Cho SJ, Choi SK, Choi Y, Choudhury S, Cinabro D, Das S, De Nardo G, De Pietro G, Dhamija R, Di Capua F, Dong TV, Epifanov D, Ferber T, Ferlewicz D, Fulsom BG, Garg R, Gaur V, Garmash A, Giri A, Goldenzweig P, Graziani E, Gu T, Guan Y, Gudkova K, Hadjivasiliou C, Halder S, Han X, Hara T, Hayasaka K, Hayashii H, Herrmann D, Hou WS, Hsu CL, Inami K, Inguglia G, Ipsita N, Ishikawa A, Itoh R, Iwasaki M, Jacobs WW, Ji QP, Jia S, Jin Y, Joo KK, Kaliyar AB, Kichimi H, Kim CH, Kim DY, Kim KH, Kim YK, Kinoshita K, Kodyš P, Korobov A, Korpar S, Kovalenko E, Križan P, Krokovny P, Kuhr T, Kumar M, Kumara K, Kuzmin A, Kwon YJ, Lange JS, Laurenza M, Lee SC, Lewis P, Li LK, Li Y, Li Gioi L, Libby J, Lin YR, Liventsev D, Matsuda T, Maurya SK, Meier F, Merola M, Metzner F, Miyabayashi K, Mizuk R, Mohanty GB, Nakao M, Nayak L, Nayak M, Nisar NK, Nishida S, Ono H, Oskin P, Pakhlova G, Pardi S, Park H, Park J, Park SH, Passeri A, Pedlar TK, Pestotnik R, Piilonen LE, Podobnik T, Prencipe E, Prim MT, Röhrken M, Rout N, Russo G, Sandilya S, Sangal A, Santelj L, Savinov V, Schnell G, Schwanda C, Seino Y, Senyo K, Sevior ME, Shan W, Shapkin M, Shiu JG, Shwartz B, Simon F, Solovieva E, Starič M, Sumihama M, Sumiyoshi T, Takizawa M, Tanida K, Tenchini F, Uchida M, Uglov T, Unno Y, Uno K, Uno S, van Tonder R, Varner G, Varvell KE, Wang D, Wang E, Wang MZ, Won E, Xu X, Yabsley BD, Yan W, Yang SB, Yelton J, Yusa Y, Zhang ZP, Zhilich V, Zhukova V. Search for the Lepton Flavor Violating Decays B^{+}→K^{+}τ^{±}ℓ^{∓} (ℓ=e, μ) at Belle. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:261802. [PMID: 37450824 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.261802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
We present a search for the lepton flavor violating decays B^{+}→K^{+}τ^{±}ℓ^{∓}, with ℓ=(e,μ), using the full data sample of 772×10^{6} BB[over ¯] pairs recorded by the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e^{+}e^{-} collider. We use events in which one B meson is fully reconstructed in a hadronic decay mode. We find no evidence for B^{±}→K^{±}τℓ decays and set upper limits on their branching fractions at the 90% confidence level in the (1-3)×10^{-5} range. The obtained limits are the world's best results.
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Adachi I, Adamczyk K, Aggarwal L, Ahmed H, Aihara H, Akopov N, Aloisio A, Anh Ky N, Asner DM, Aushev T, Aushev V, Bae H, Bahinipati S, Bambade P, Banerjee S, Baudot J, Bauer M, Baur A, Beaubien A, Becker J, Behera PK, Bennett JV, Bernieri E, Bernlochner FU, Bertacchi V, Bertemes M, Bertholet E, Bessner M, Bettarini S, Bhuyan B, Bianchi F, Bilka T, Biswas D, Bodrov D, Bolz A, Borah J, Bozek A, Bračko M, Branchini P, Browder TE, Budano A, Bussino S, Campajola M, Cao L, Casarosa G, Cecchi C, Chang MC, Chang P, Cheaib R, Cheema P, Chekelian V, Chen C, Chen YQ, Cheon BG, Chilikin K, Chirapatpimol K, Cho HE, Cho K, Cho SJ, Choi SK, Choudhury S, Cinabro D, Corona L, Cunliffe S, Das S, Dattola F, De La Cruz-Burelo E, De La Motte SA, De Nardo G, De Nuccio M, De Pietro G, de Sangro R, Destefanis M, Dey S, De Yta-Hernandez A, Dhamija R, Di Canto A, Di Capua F, Dingfelder J, Doležal Z, Domínguez Jiménez I, Dong TV, Dorigo M, Dort K, Dossett D, Dreyer S, Dubey S, Dujany G, Ecker P, Eliachevitch M, Epifanov D, Feichtinger P, Ferber T, Ferlewicz D, Fillinger T, Finck C, Finocchiaro G, Fodor A, Forti F, Fulsom BG, Ganiev E, Garcia-Hernandez M, Gaur V, Gaz A, Gellrich A, Ghevondyan G, Giordano R, Giri A, Glazov A, Gobbo B, Godang R, Goldenzweig P, Granderath S, Graziani E, Greenwald D, Gruberová Z, Gu T, Gudkova K, Guilliams J, Haigh H, Hara T, Hayasaka K, Hayashii H, Hazra S, Hearty C, Heredia de la Cruz I, Hernández Villanueva M, Hershenhorn A, Higuchi T, Hill EC, Hohmann M, Hsu CL, Iijima T, Inami K, Inguglia G, Ipsita N, Ishikawa A, Ito S, Itoh R, Iwasaki M, Jackson P, Jacobs WW, Jaffe DE, Jang EJ, Ji QP, Jia S, Jin Y, Joo KK, Junkerkalefeld H, Kakuno H, Kaliyar AB, Kang KH, Kang S, Karl R, Karyan G, Kiesling C, Kim CH, Kim DY, Kim KH, Kim YK, Kindo H, Kinoshita K, Kodyš P, Koga T, Kohani S, Kojima K, Konno T, Korobov A, Korpar S, Kovalenko E, Kowalewski R, Kraetzschmar TMG, Križan P, Krokovny P, Kuhr T, Kumar J, Kumara K, Kunigo T, Kuzmin A, Kwon YJ, Lacaprara S, Lam T, Lanceri L, Lange JS, Laurenza M, Lautenbach K, Leboucher R, Le Diberder FR, Leitl P, Li C, Li LK, Libby J, Lieret K, Liptak Z, Liu QY, Liventsev D, Longo S, Lozar A, Lueck T, Luo T, Lyu C, Maggiora M, Maiti R, Maity S, Manfredi R, Manoni E, Marcello S, Marinas C, Martel L, Martini A, Martinov T, Massaccesi L, Masuda M, Matsuoka K, Matvienko D, Maurya SK, McKenna JA, Meier F, Merola M, Metzner F, Milesi M, Miller C, Miyabayashi K, Mizuk R, Mohanty GB, Molina-Gonzalez N, Moneta S, Moser HG, Mrvar M, Mussa R, Nakamura I, Nakamura KR, Nakao M, Nakayama H, Nakazawa Y, Narimani Charan A, Naruki M, Natkaniec Z, Natochii A, Nayak L, Nayak M, Nazaryan G, Nisar NK, Nishida S, Ogawa S, Ono H, Onuki Y, Oskin P, Pakhlov P, Pakhlova G, Paladino A, Panta A, Paoloni E, Pardi S, Parham K, Park H, Park SH, Paschen B, Passeri A, Patra S, Paul S, Pedlar TK, Peruzzi I, Peschke R, Pestotnik R, Piccolo M, Piilonen LE, Pinna Angioni G, Podesta-Lerma PLM, Podobnik T, Pokharel S, Polat L, Praz C, Prell S, Prencipe E, Prim MT, Purwar H, Rad N, Rados P, Raeuber G, Raiz S, Ramirez Morales A, Reif M, Reiter S, Remnev M, Ripp-Baudot I, Rizzo G, Robertson SH, Rodríguez Pérez D, Roney JM, Rostomyan A, Rout N, Russo G, Sanders DA, Sandilya S, Sangal A, Santelj L, Sato Y, Savinov V, Scavino B, Schueler J, Schwanda C, Seino Y, Selce A, Senyo K, Serrano J, Sevior ME, Sfienti C, Shen CP, Shillington T, Shiu JG, Sibidanov A, Simon F, Singh JB, Skorupa J, Sobie RJ, Soffer A, Sokolov A, Solovieva E, Spataro S, Spruck B, Starič M, Stefkova S, Stottler ZS, Stroili R, Strube J, Sue Y, Sumihama M, Sumisawa K, Sutcliffe W, Suzuki SY, Svidras H, Takizawa M, Tamponi U, Tanida K, Tanigawa H, Taniguchi N, Tenchini F, Thaller A, Tiwary R, Tonelli D, Torassa E, Toutounji N, Trabelsi K, Uchida M, Ueda I, Uematsu Y, Uglov T, Unger K, Unno Y, Uno K, Uno S, Ushiroda Y, Vahsen SE, van Tonder R, Varvell KE, Vinokurova A, Vitale L, Vobbilisetti V, Wakeling HM, Wang E, Wang MZ, Wang XL, Warburton A, Watanabe M, Watanuki S, Welsch M, Wessel C, Xu XP, Yabsley BD, Yamada S, Yan W, Yang SB, Ye H, Yin JH, Yook YM, Yoshihara K, Yuan CZ, Yusa Y, Zani L, Zhang Y, Zhilich V, Zhou QD, Zhou XY, Zhukova VI, Žlebčík R. Search for an Invisible Z^{'} in a Final State with Two Muons and Missing Energy at Belle II. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:231801. [PMID: 37354391 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.231801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
The L_{μ}-L_{τ} extension of the standard model predicts the existence of a lepton-flavor-universality-violating Z^{'} boson that couples only to the heavier lepton families. We search for such a Z^{'} through its invisible decay in the process e^{+}e^{-}→μ^{+}μ^{-}Z^{'}. We use a sample of electron-positron collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 10.58 GeV collected by the Belle II experiment in 2019-2020, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 79.7 fb^{-1}. We find no excess over the expected standard-model background. We set 90%-confidence-level upper limits on the cross section for this process as well as on the coupling of the model, which ranges from 3×10^{-3} at low Z^{'} masses to 1 at Z^{'} masses of 8 GeV/c^{2}.
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Cho HJ, Jo JC, Lee YJ, Lee MW, Kim DY, Shin HJ, Im SN, Lee JH, Bae SH, Do YR, Lee WS, Kim MK, Jung J, Lee JM, Kim JH, Baek DW, Sohn SK, Moon JH. Predictive role of absolute lymphocyte count in daratumumab-treated patients with relapsed/ refractory multiple myeloma. Korean J Intern Med 2023:kjim.2022.183e. [PMID: 37291840 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2022.183e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/1970] [Accepted: 01/01/1970] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
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