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Shah M, Katz E, Dorfman M, Kass L, Sadosty A, Cundiff C, Desai A, Chan S. 25: Investigating Depression Among Emergency Medicine Residents. Ann Emerg Med 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2010.06.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Irish WD, Katz E. Cold machine perfusion or static cold storage of kidneys: why the debate continues. Am J Transplant 2010; 10:1955-6. [PMID: 20883530 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2010.03217.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Katz E, Dubois-Marshall S, Sims AH, Faratian D, Li J, Smith ES, Quinn JA, Edward M, Meehan RR, Evans EE, Langdon SP, Harrison DJ. A gene on the HER2 amplicon, C35, is an oncogene in breast cancer whose actions are prevented by inhibition of Syk. Br J Cancer 2010; 103:401-10. [PMID: 20628393 PMCID: PMC2920017 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6605763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: C35 is a 12 kDa membrane-anchored protein endogenously over-expressed in many invasive breast cancers. C35 (C17orf37) is located on the HER2 amplicon, between HER2 and GRB7. The function of over-expressed C35 in invasive breast cancer is unknown. Methods: Tissue microarrays containing 122 primary human breast cancer specimens were used to examine the association of C35 with HER2 expression. Cell lines over-expressing C35 were generated and tested for evidence of cell transformation in vitro. Results: In primary breast cancers high levels of C35 mRNA expression were associated with HER2 gene amplification. High levels of C35 protein expression were associated with hallmarks of transformation, such as, colony growth in soft agar, invasion into collagen matrix and formation of large acinar structures in three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures. The transformed phenotype was also associated with characteristics of epithelial to mesenchymal transition, such as adoption of spindle cell morphology and down-regulation of epithelial markers, such as E-cadherin and keratin-8. Furthermore, C35-induced transformation in 3D cell cultures was dependent on Syk kinase, a downstream mediator of signalling from the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif, which is present in C35. Conclusion: C35 functions as an oncogene in breast cancer cell lines. Drug targeting of C35 or Syk kinase might be helpful in treating a subset of patients with HER2-amplified breast cancers.
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Kieran SM, Katz E, Rosen R, Khatwa U, Martin T, Rahbar R. The lipid laden macrophage index as a marker of aspiration in patients with type I and II laryngeal clefts. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2010; 74:743-6. [PMID: 20394993 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2010.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2010] [Revised: 03/15/2010] [Accepted: 03/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Laryngeal clefts are uncommon congenital anomalies that may cause pulmonary aspiration, leading to considerable morbidity including recurrent pneumonias. The lipid laden macrophage index (LLMI) is a potential marker of pulmonary aspiration. The objective of this study was to assess the utility of the lipid laden macrophage index as a marker of severity of pulmonary aspiration in children with laryngeal clefts and its role in the management of these patients. METHODS An institutional review board approved retrospective review of all patients with laryngeal cleft who had also underwent direct laryngoscopy with rigid bronchoscopy and flexible bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage. The LLMI was measured from the lavage and compared to clinical and radiological data. RESULTS Forty-four patients with laryngeal clefts (31 type I clefts and 13 type II clefts) underwent assessment with flexible bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage. The median age at first outpatient visit in our Center for Aero-digestive Disorder was 0.92 years in patients with type I clefts and 1.66 years in patients with type 2 clefts. All patients in this study had at least one modified barium swallow (MBS) performed to assess for aspiration. The mean LLMI was significantly higher in patients with type II (mean+/-SEM) 81.8+/-11.9 clefts compared to type I clefts 44.9+/-5.6. CONCLUSIONS We recommend obtaining LLMI in patients with laryngeal cleft. The lipid laden macrophage index is increased in patients with more severe laryngeal clefts, thus potentially predicting those patients whom would most benefit from early surgical intervention.
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Henke A, Brigid O, Katz E, Stewart G, Riddick A, Thomson A. 501 Analysis of the contractility of prostatic cancer-associated fibroblasts in a 3D collagen gel contraction assay. EJC Suppl 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(10)71302-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Volkov D, Strack G, Halámek J, Katz E, Sokolov I. Atomic force microscopy study of immunosensor surface to scale down the size of ELISA-type sensors. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2010; 21:145503. [PMID: 20234083 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/21/14/145503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Here we describe the use of atomic force microscopy (AFM) to study the nanoscale mechanics of the molecular layers of a popular immunosensor, ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) type. We characterize the sensor surface in terms of brush length and grafting density of the molecular layers. The obtained data demonstrated that a reliable reading of the immunosignal (a suggested dimensionless combination of brush length and grafting density) can be attained from an area as small as approximately 3 microm(2). This is approximately 4 million times smaller compared to typical ELISA sensors. The immunosensor described is composed of a molecular mix of two different antigens. Intriguingly, we find that AFM can reliably distinguish between having the immunosignal from either antibody and from both antibodies together. This was impossible to get by using standard optical detection methods.
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Locca D, Yerly P, Pascale P, Katz E, Monney P, Muller O, Stalder N, Vogt P. [Cardiology 2009: what is new?]. REVUE MEDICALE SUISSE 2010; 6:93-99. [PMID: 20170024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The present review provides a selected choice of clinical research in the field of heart failure, electrophysiology, cardiac imaging and interventional cardiology.
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Yudovin-Farber I, Gurt I, Hope R, Domb AJ, Katz E. Inhibition of herpes simplex virus by polyamines. Antivir Chem Chemother 2009; 20:87-98. [PMID: 19843979 DOI: 10.3851/imp1401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Herpes simplex virus (HSV) establishes latent infection in humans with periodic reactivation. Acyclovir, valacyclovir and foscarnet are in medical use today against HSV type-1 (HSV-1) and type-2 (HSV-2), inhibiting the DNA synthesis of the viruses. Additional drugs that will affect the growth of these viruses by other mechanisms and also decrease the frequency of appearance of drug-resistant mutants are required. METHODS Cationic polysaccharides were synthesized by conjugation of various oligoamines to oxidized polysaccharides by reductive amination. Polycations of dextran, pullulan and arabinogalactan were grafted with oligoamines of 2-4 amino groups forming Schiff-base imine-based conjugates followed by reduction with borohydride to obtain the stable amine-based conjugate. Evaluation of toxicity to BS-C-1 cells and antiviral activity against HSV-1 and HSV-2 of the different compounds was performed in vitro by a semiquantitative assay. A quantitative study with a selected compound followed. RESULTS Structure-activity relationship studies showed that the nature of the grafted oligoamine of the polycation plays an essential role in the antiviral activity against HSV-1 and HSV-2. Dextran-propan-1,3-diamine (DPD) was found to be the most potent of all the compounds examined. DPD did not decrease the infectivity of HSV upon direct exposure to the virions. The growth of HSV was significantly inhibited when DPD was added to the host cells 1 h prior to infection, thus preventing the adsorption and penetration of the virus into the cells. CONCLUSIONS Our in vitro data warrant clinical investigation. DPD could have an advantage as a topical application in combination therapy of HSV lesions.
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Lipovsek M, Franchini L, Katz E, Millar N, Fuchs P, Elgoyhen A. Functional consequences of adaptive evolution of the mammalian α9α10 nicotinic receptor. Biochem Pharmacol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2009.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Benjamin ER, Flanagan JJ, Schilling A, Chang HH, Agarwal L, Katz E, Wu X, Pine C, Wustman B, Desnick RJ, Lockhart DJ, Valenzano KJ. The pharmacological chaperone 1-deoxygalactonojirimycin increases alpha-galactosidase A levels in Fabry patient cell lines. J Inherit Metab Dis 2009; 32:424-40. [PMID: 19387866 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-009-1077-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2008] [Revised: 01/30/2009] [Accepted: 03/03/2009] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Fabry disease is an X-linked lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the gene encoding alpha-galactosidase A (alpha-Gal A), with consequent accumulation of its major glycosphingolipid substrate, globotriaosylceramide (GL-3). Over 500 Fabry mutations have been reported; approximately 60% are missense. The iminosugar 1-deoxygalactonojirimycin (DGJ, migalastat hydrochloride, AT1001) is a pharmacological chaperone that selectively binds alpha-Gal A, increasing physical stability, lysosomal trafficking, and cellular activity. To identify DGJ-responsive mutant forms of alpha-Gal A, the effect of DGJ incubation on alpha-Gal A levels was assessed in cultured lymphoblasts from males with Fabry disease representing 75 different missense mutations, one insertion, and one splice-site mutation. Baseline alpha-Gal A levels ranged from 0 to 52% of normal. Increases in alpha-Gal A levels (1.5- to 28-fold) after continuous DGJ incubation for 5 days were seen for 49 different missense mutant forms with varying EC(50) values (820 nmol/L to >1 mmol/L). Amino acid substitutions in responsive forms were located throughout both structural domains of the enzyme. Half of the missense mutant forms associated with classic (early-onset) Fabry disease and a majority (90%) associated with later-onset Fabry disease were responsive. In cultured fibroblasts from males with Fabry disease, the responses to DGJ were comparable to those of lymphoblasts with the same mutation. Importantly, elevated GL-3 levels in responsive Fabry fibroblasts were reduced after DGJ incubation, indicating that increased mutant alpha-Gal A levels can reduce accumulated substrate. These data indicate that DGJ merits further evaluation as a treatment for patients with Fabry disease with various missense mutations.
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Yudovin-Farber I, Gurt I, Hope R, Domb AJ, Katz E. Inhibition of Herpes Simplex Virus by Polyamines. Antiviral Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2009.02.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Csokmay J, Richter K, Mottla G, Katz E, DeCherney A, Levy M. Subcutaneous recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin (rhCG SQ) trigger for in-vitro fertilization is associated with decreased oocyte maturity compared to intramuscular purified urinary hCG (uhCG IM). Fertil Steril 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.07.1632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Katz E, Faratian D, Bartlett JMS, MacLeod K, Pedersen H, Larionov A, Smith EM, Howell AP, Dixon JM, Evans EE, Langdon SP, Harrison DJ. C35 overexpression defines subsets of human breast cancer and its immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif represents a novel treatment target. Breast Cancer Res 2008. [PMCID: PMC3300780 DOI: 10.1186/bcr1961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Johansen-Berg H, Gutman DA, Behrens TEJ, Matthews PM, Rushworth MFS, Katz E, Lozano AM, Mayberg HS. Anatomical connectivity of the subgenual cingulate region targeted with deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant depression. Cereb Cortex 2007; 18:1374-83. [PMID: 17928332 PMCID: PMC7610815 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhm167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 413] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic deep brain stimulation (DBS) of subgenual cingulate white matter results in dramatic remission of symptoms in some previously treatment-resistant depression patients. The effects of stimulation may be mediated locally or via corticocortical or corticosubcortical connections. We use tractography to define the likely connectivity of cingulate regions stimulated in DBS-responsive patients using diffusion imaging data acquired in healthy control subjects. We defined 2 distinct regions within anterior cingulate cortex based on anatomical connectivity: a pregenual region strongly connected to medial prefrontal and anterior midcingulate cortex and a subgenual region with strongest connections to nucleus accumbens, amygdala, hypothalamus, and orbitofrontal cortex. The location of electrode contact points from 9 patients successfully treated with DBS lies within this subgenual region. The anatomical connectivity of the subgenual cingulate region targeted with DBS for depression supports the hypothesis that treatment efficacy is mediated via effects on a distributed network of frontal, limbic, and visceromotor brain regions. At present, targeting of DBS for depression is based on landmarks visible in conventional magnetic resonance imaging. Preoperatively acquired diffusion imaging for connectivity-based cortical mapping could improve neurosurgical targeting. We hypothesize that the subgenual region with greatest connectivity across the distributed network described here may prove most effective.
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Katz E, Fon M, Lee YJ, Phinney BS, Sadka A, Blumwald E. The citrus fruit proteome: insights into citrus fruit metabolism. PLANTA 2007; 226:989-1005. [PMID: 17541628 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-007-0545-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2007] [Accepted: 05/05/2007] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Fruit development and ripening are key processes in the production of the phytonutrients that are essential for a balanced diet and for disease prevention. The pathways involved in these processes are unique to plants and vary between species. Climacteric fruit ripening, especially in tomato, has been extensively studied; yet, ripening of non-climacteric fruit is poorly understood. Although the different species share common pathways; developmental programs, physiological, anatomical, biochemical composition and structural differences must contribute to the operation of unique pathways, genes and proteins. Citrus has a non-climacteric fruit ripening behavior and has a unique anatomical fruit structure. For the last few years a citrus genome-wide ESTs project has been initiated and consists of 222,911 clones corresponding to 19,854 contigs and 37,138 singletons. Taking advantage of the citrus database we analyzed the citrus proteome. Using LC-MS/MS we analyzed soluble and enriched membrane fractions of mature citrus fruit to identify the proteome of fruit juice cells. We have identified ca. 1,400 proteins from these fractions by searching NCBI-nr (green plants) and citrus ESTs databases, classified these proteins according to their putative function and assigned function according to known biosynthetic pathways.
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Thurman R, Katz E, Kaiyalaski E, Carter W, McCoin N, Han J. Estimating the Incidence of Unethical Recruiting Practices and Illegal Questioning by Emergency Medicine Residency Programs in the Resident Recruitment Process. Acad Emerg Med 2007. [DOI: 10.1197/j.aem.2007.03.1127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Katz E, Metzger JT, Sierro C, Mischler C, Fishman D, Kappenberg L. [Sudden cardiac death: epidemiology and modern therapy]. REVUE MEDICALE SUISSE 2007; 3:302-7. [PMID: 17319402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Sudden Cardiac Death (SCD) has become an important public health challenge in the Western World. In Switzerland near 10,000 people suffer each year from SCD. The survival from SCD to hospital discharge is discouraging (near 5%). Large majority of events occur unexpectedly in the out-of-hospital environment and are not predicted with great accuracy by risk profiling. Because the majority of SCD occur by the mechanism of ventricular fibrillation, community-based defibrillation strategies have emerged as one approach to SCD problem. Newer strategies of defibrillation designed to respond faster to out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, including public access defibrillation, as well as aggressive primary and secondary prevention of coronary artery disease appears as the best approach for successful management of SCD.
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Charity JC, Katz E, Moss B. Amino acid substitutions at multiple sites within the vaccinia virus D13 scaffold protein confer resistance to rifampicin. Virology 2006; 359:227-32. [PMID: 17055024 PMCID: PMC1817899 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2006.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2006] [Revised: 09/19/2006] [Accepted: 09/20/2006] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
D13 protein trimers, which form an external lattice providing curvature to the membrane of vaccinia virus immature virions, are the target of the drug rifampicin. We obtained 63 rifampicin-resistant mutants following random PCR mutagenesis of the D13L gene and 5 that arose spontaneously. Sequencing indicated that 26 mutants contained a single, unique, amino acid substitution whereas others contained 2 or more. The single mutations, including 6 previously identified, mapped to 24 different amino acids that were distributed over the length of the protein with the majority clustered between amino acids 17 to 33, 222 to 243 and 480 to 488. Two or three different substitutions occurred in six of the 24 amino acids. Representative mutant viruses of each cluster replicated to wild-type levels in the absence of rifampicin and nearly two logs higher than wild-type in the presence of drug. The large number and fitness of the mutations are remarkable in view of the extreme sequence conservation (99-100% amino acid identity amongst all orthopoxviruses). Clustering of mutations could suggest the presence of a rifampicin-binding pocket comprised of discontinuous regions of D13.
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O'Neill S, Greenberg RK, Haddad F, Resch T, Sereika J, Katz E. A Prospective Analysis of Fenestrated Endovascular Grafting: Intermediate-term Outcomes. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2006; 32:115-23. [PMID: 16580236 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2006.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2005] [Accepted: 01/25/2006] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the intermediate-term outcomes following fenestrated grafting for juxtarenal aneurysms. MATERIALS AND METHODS A prospective trial was conducted on patients with short proximal necks, who were considered to be high-risk for open repair and unacceptable for conventional endovascular repair. Devices were designed from reconstructed CT data. Follow-up studies included CT, duplex ultrasound, and KUB and occurred at hospital discharge, 1, 6, and 12 months and annually thereafter. RESULTS One hundred and nineteen patients were treated (2001-2005). Mean age and aneurysm size were 75 years and 65 mm, respectively, and 82% were male. A total of 302 visceral vessels were inferior to the fabric seal (a mean of 2.5 vessels per patient), with the most common design incorporating two renal arteries and the SMA (58%). All prostheses were implanted successfully without any acute visceral artery loss. The mean follow-up was 19 months (0-42 months). One patient died within 30 days of device implantation. Kaplan-Meier estimates of survival at 1, 12, 24, and 36 months are 0.99, 0.92, 0.83 and 0.79. There were no ruptures or conversions. Pre-discharge imaging noted 11 type I and type III endoleaks. The 30-day endoleak rate was 10% (all type II). Aneurysm sac size decreased (>5 mm) in 51, 79 and 77% at 6, 12 and 24 months, respectively. One patient had sac enlargement within the first year, associated with a persistent type II endoleak. In-stent stenoses occurred in 12 renal arteries and one SMA. Six renal arteries and the SMA stenosis were treated and two renal stenoses are awaiting treatment. Ten of 231 stented renal arteries occluded (three prior to discharge), one of which was recanalized. One component separation was treated with an extension at 2 years. CONCLUSIONS The placement of endovascular prostheses with graft material incorporating the visceral arteries is safe and appears to be effective at preventing rupture. Continued follow-up to assess the long-term benefit, aneurysm sac behavior and effect of stenting upon the visceral ostia remains critical.
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Grande SM, Katz E, Crowley JE, Bernardini MS, Ross SR, Monroe JG. Cellular ITAM-containing proteins are oncoproteins in nonhematopoietic cells. Oncogene 2006; 25:2748-57. [PMID: 16369490 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1209296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs) are involved in the transduction of signals necessary for activation, differentiation, and survival in hematopoietic cells. Several viruses have been shown to encode ITAM-containing transmembrane proteins. Although expression of these viral proteins has in some cases been shown to transform nonhematopoietic cells, a causal role for a functional ITAM in this process has not been elucidated. To examine the potential transforming properties of ITAM-containing proteins, a recombinant protein consisting of ITAM-containing cytoplasmic regions of the B-cell antigen receptor was expressed in immortalized murine mammary epithelial and fibroblast cells. Mammary epithelial cells expressing this construct exhibited depolarized morphology in three-dimensional cultures. This transformed phenotype was characterized by a loss of anchorage dependence and hallmarks of epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Fibroblasts expressing this ITAM construct also lost contact inhibition and anchorage dependence. The transformed phenotype seen in both cell types was abrogated upon tyrosine to phenylalanine substitutions of the ITAMs. Inhibition of Syk tyrosine kinase, which associates with the ITAM, also prevented cell transformation. Our results indicate that expression of a nonviral ITAM-containing protein is sufficient for cell transformation. Despite lacking intrinsic enzymatic activity, ITAM-containing proteins can function as potent oncoproteins by scaffolding downstream mediators.
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Goss WA, Katz E, Waksman SA. CHANGES IN THE COMPOSITION OF AN ACTINOMYCIN COMPLEX DURING GROWTH OF A STREPTOMYCES CULTURE. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006; 42:10-2. [PMID: 16589805 PMCID: PMC534222 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.42.1.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Waksman SA, Katz E, Vining LC. NOMENCLATURE OF THE ACTINOMYCINS. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006; 44:602-12. [PMID: 16590249 PMCID: PMC528629 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.44.6.602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Abdalrhman I, Gurt I, Katz E. Protection induced in mice against a lethal orthopox virus by the Lister strain of vaccinia virus and modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA). Vaccine 2006; 24:4152-60. [PMID: 16603280 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2005] [Revised: 01/26/2006] [Accepted: 02/06/2006] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The Lister (Elstree) strain of vaccinia virus, used in Israel for vaccination against smallpox, was studied in tissue cultures and in a mouse model. The virus failed to reach the brain of the mice when inoculated intranasally at a dose of 500,000 plaque forming units, but was lethal for 50% of them, when injected intracranially. Lower doses of virus injected intracranially caused some weight loss initially, but later the mice completely recovered. Modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA), when infected intranasally, did not spread beyond the lungs to other organs of the mice. Even when the mice were inoculated with MVA intracranially, they were not affected. Significant protection against a lethal dose of an orthopoxvirus was obtained in mice following immunization with the Lister strain, while larger doses and repeated vaccination procedure, were required with MVA. The Lister virus stock applied in Israel, was found to be heterogeneous in its plaque morphology. Two variants isolated from it, showed significant attenuation for mice, when inoculated intranasally and intracranially, as compared to a third variant and to the unpurified stock of the virus.
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Gurt I, Abdalrhman I, Katz E. Pathogenicity and immunogenicity in mice of vaccinia viruses mutated in the viral envelope proteins A33R and B5R. Antiviral Res 2005; 69:158-64. [PMID: 16406098 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2005.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2005] [Revised: 11/24/2005] [Accepted: 11/28/2005] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenicity and immunogenicity in mice of WR.cl and WR.c3, two mutants of the Western Reserve (WR) strain of vaccinia virus, mutated in the A33R and B5R proteins of the outer envelope of the virus, respectively, were studied. WR.c1 was the most attenuated virus, WR.c3 was somewhat more pathogenic, while WR was the most virulent of the three. While the WR and the WR.c3 viruses, intranasally inoculated into mice, spread efficiently to the different internal organs of the animal, including the brain, WR.c1 was restricted to the lungs only. Mice, intranasally infected with 500 plaque forming units of the WR, WR.c1, or WR.c3 viruses, were protected against infection with a lethal dose of the WR strain.
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Chao S, Barnett G, Toms S, Vogelbaum M, Neyman G, Katz E, Reuther A, Suh J. Salvage Stereotactic Radiosurgery Effectively Treats Recurrences From Whole Brain Radiation Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2005.07.270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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