Twenty-three novel major histocompatibility complex class I B alleles identified in cynomolgus macaques of Vietnamese origin

We report herein the identification of 23 novel Mafa-B alleles in cynomolgus macaques of Vietnamese origin.

Outcome in acute stroke with different intra-arterial infusion rate of urokinase on thrombolysis

Intra-arterial infusion of urokinase (UK) has been widely used. However, the optimal infusion rate of the reagent has never been determined. This was investigated in the acute stage of middle cerebral artery (MCA) embolism in the present study. Sprague Dawley male rats (n=43) were randomly divided into sham-operation and five ischemic groups with urokinase administration at different infusion rates or without urokinase administration. Ischemia was induced with MCA embolism. Two hours after embolism, total urokinase (urokinase, 170,000U/kg) was given in groups A,B,C and D (n=8 each) at different rates: 1,000 U (0.03 ml/min) per minute, 4,000U (0.12 ml/min), 10,000U (0.30 ml/min), and 16,000U (0.48 ml/min), respectively. Group E received normal saline at a rate of 0.48 ml/min. The sham-operation group (no embolism) received urokinase at (170,000U/kg, 1.5 ml, 16,000 U/min). During ischemia and thrombolysis, regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) was monitored by laser Doppler flowmetry. The neurological deficits, infarct volumes and mortalities in each group were determined. The CBF in ischemic hemisphere were significantly (p<0.05) decreased after embolism in groups A∼E at similar levels (27.32±8.20% to 34.71±6.84%). After different treatments, in group B 4,000U/min infusion of UK induced the best reperfusion, the least neurological deficits and infarct volume, as well as the least mortality and lowest incidence of hemorrhage. The effect of intra-artery thrombolysis of urokinase was related to the infusion rate. Our study demonstrated an optimal infusion rate at 4,000U/min, suggesting relatively low levels of infusion are better able to improve brain reperfusion and reduce brain injury after stroke.

Treatment and outcome of intracranial hemorrhage after carotid artery stenting. A ten year single center experience

SUMMARY

Intracranial hemorrhage following carotid artery stenting (CAS) is a rare but potentially devastating complication. The present study reviewed intracranial hemorrhage cases from patients undergoing CAS in ten years to find the methods to rescue patients from this fatal complication. Patients with postoperative intracranial hemorrhage following CAS were retrospectively selected, and clinical features, treatments and outcomes were studied. Ten patients with intracranial hemorrhage were identified. The mean onset time of hemorrhage was 6.1-/+7.1h. Intracerebral hemorrhage occurred in eight patients and SAH in two patients. The patients were treated by stopping anti-platelet and anticoagulant for at least three days, and surgical drainage of the hematoma/ventricle drainage or conservative treatment. Six patients survived, two had left moderate paralysis, four had a good recovery at four week follow-up, and four patients died. No patients underwent thrombosis in stent after withdrawing of antiplatelet and anticoagulant. Intracranial hemorrhage after CAS occurs usually in a few hours and leads to catastrophic results. Once patients have intracranial hemorrhage, good neurocritical care may help to save them. Stopping antiplatelet and anticoagulant for at least three days may avoid thrombosis in the stenting site.

Intra-arterial thrombolysis for acute central retinal artery occlusion

OBJECTIVE

In this study, we aimed at exploring the effect and safety of local intra-arterial thrombolysis on acute central retinal artery occlusion.

METHODS

Retrospective data analysis of 49 consecutive acute central retinal occlusion patients was performed. All the patients were treated with urokinase perfusion through the ophthalmology artery within the first 6 hours after central retinal artery occlusion attack. Conventional treatments including intra-ocular pressure decreasing, microcirculation improvement, neuroprotection and antiplatelet aggregation were conducted. The visual acuity (with International Snellen Chart) and field of vision were detected after thrombolysis. The complications and adverse events were observed.

RESULTS

Recanalization was found in 71% of patients. The visual acuity improvement was greater in the recanalization group (n=35) than in the non-recanalization group (n=14). The averaged visual acuity was 0.15+/-0.02, 0.25+/-0.03 and 0.4+/-0.05 after 2, 28 days and 6 months, respectively. Of the patients, 24.5% regained >0.6 of visual acuity, and the visual field deficit was less than 30% in 34.7% of patients after 28 days. Six months later, 36.7% patients regained visual acuity of >0.6, and the field deficit was less than 30% in 44.9% of patients. The difference between visual acuity in recanalization (0.6+/-0.04) and non-recanalization (0.002+/-0.0012) patients after 6 months after thrombolysis was significant (p>0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

Intra-arterial thrombolysis could obviously improve the short- and long-term visual function for patients with acute central retinal artery occlusion within 6 hours of symptom onset.

Comparative trial of the canine parvovirus, canine distemper virus and canine adenovirus type 2 fractions of two commercially available modified live vaccines

The results of vaccinating two groups of puppies with commercial vaccines, both of which claimed to provide adequate protection with a final vaccination at 10 weeks of age, were compared. Groups of 19 and 20 puppies with similar titres of maternally derived antibodies against canine parvovirus (cpv), canine distemper virus (cdv) and canine adenovirus type 2 (cav-2) at four weeks of age were vaccinated at six and 10 weeks of age and their responses to each vaccination were measured by comparing the titres against cpv, cdv and cav-2 in the serum samples taken immediately before the vaccination and four weeks later. After the vaccination at six weeks of age, all 19 of the puppies in group 1 had responded to cpv and cdv, and 14 had responded to cav-2; in group 2, 17 of the 20 had responded to cpv, 19 to cdv and 15 to cav-2. In both groups the puppies that did not respond to the first vaccination had responded serologically to cpv, cdv and cav-2 at 10 weeks of age.

Multiple intracranial aneurysms as delayed complication of atrial myxoma. Case report and literature review

SUMMARY

We report a case of multiple intracranial aneurysms as delayed complication of atrial myxoma.We reviewed the literature of intracranial myxomal aneurysms, and trying to find reasonable therapy methods, but got the conclusion that neurosurgery and interventional treatment were not helpful, chemotherapy and radiotherapy maybe useful in the treatment of such cases.

Carotid artery stenting: experience of a single institute in china

SUMMARY

Concern regarding the safety of Carotid angioplasty and stenting (CAS) exists because of the risk of cerebral embolization during the procedure. The purpose of this article is to discuss that technology modification may improve the outcomes of this procedure. Between October 1997 and October 2004, 439 consecutive patients with 478 stenotic carotid arteries were treated. 284 vessels were stented without the use of embolic protection devices and 194 vessels with protection. Among cases not using protection device, 201 arteries were stented with predilation alone, 63 with postdilation alone, six with both pre- and post-dilation, two with neither and twelve were stented with balloon expandable stents. The technical success of 100%.The combined stroke and death rate during the procedure and the 30-day follow-up at 30 days was 1.67% overall. Three (0.63%) deaths occurred; one was due to a major infarction secondary to stent breakage, and two died of massive reperfusion intracerebral haemorrhage. There were total six ischemic stroke, of the five ischemic strokes wich developed in nonprotection group, two were among 201 cases with predilation alone (0.99%), which developed after stent deployment and postprocedure, and three among 63 cases with postdilation alone (4.76%), which developed immediately after postdilation. The incidence of ischemic stroke was lower among those who were stented with predilation alone than among those who were stented with postdilation alone. This likely results from reduced intimal injury and decreased risk of embolic complications.

[Classification of intracranial dural arteriovenous fistula and its clinical signification]

OBJECTIVE

To develop a practical imaging calssification of intracranial dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) based on imaging and its clinical significance.

METHOD

The lesion positions and drainage patterns of vein in 110 patients with 121 dural arteriovenous fistulas hospitalized in Xuanwu Hospital were analyzed and a new type of classification of DAVF was developed.

RESULTS

The dural arteriovenous fistulas in 110 patients were classified accrding to lesion position into DAVF of dural sinus, cavernous sinus, tentorial incisure, venous plexus at skull base, and cerebral falx; or classified according to the pattern of venous drainiage into type I (draining directly into dural vein or dural sinus), type II (directly draining into dural sinus with retrograde venous drainage into cortical vein or spinal vcein), and type III (directly draining into cortical vein or spinal vein). Then, based on a combination of these two criteria, DAVF was claassified into cavernius sinus area type I (38 cases, 69.1%) and type II (17 cases, 30.9%); dural sinus area type I (11 cases, 33.3%), type II (16 cases, 56.4%), and type III (2 cases, 10.3%); and tentorial area (20 cases), skull base vein plexus area (6 cases), and cerebral falx area (1 case), all in type III.

CONCLUSION

The newly developed classification system of intracranial dural arteriovenous fistula helps analyze clinical risk and determine therapeutic procedures.

[3-D angiography in diagnosis and treatment of intracranial aneurysm]

OBJECTIVE

To summarize the results of initial application of three-dimensional angiography (3D-Angio) in diagnosis and treatment of intracranial aneurysms.

METHODS

From August 1999 to January 2001, standard digital subtraction angiography (two-dimensional angiography, 2D-Angio) and 3D-Angio(obtained by reconstruction of rotational angiography) were performed in 65 patients with confirmed or suspected aneurysms.

RESULTS

Sixty-six aneurysms were found in 60 patients and nothing was found in 5. Of 66 the aneurysms (60 cases), 46 (43 cases) were treated by intrasaccule embolizotion with coils, 3 (3 cases) by occluding the parent artery with detachable balloon, 10 (10 cases) by surgery, and 1 (1 case) by combination of extracranial-intracranial bypass and balloon occlusion of parent artery. Six (3 cases) were not treated. Two aneurysms that could not be detected by 2D-Angio were diagnosed by 3D-Angio. Three aneurysms that were difficult or dangerous to embolize by 2D-Angio were embolized successfully with the help of 3D-Angio. Three aneurysms seemed to be embolized on 2D-Angio were proved impossible to be embolized on 3D-Angio. Of the 46 aneurysms embolized intrasaccularly, 38(82.6%) were completely embolized on 2D-Angio. In the 38, 8 had residual aneurysm on 3D-Angio.

CONCLUSION

More accurate diagnosis and secure treatment of intracranial aneurysm can be reached by 3D-Angio.

[Treatment of cerebral dural arteriovenous fistula targetting drainage vein or sinus]

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the efficacy of occluding the drainage veins or sinus in patients with cerebral dural arteriovenous fistulae.

METHODS

Twenty patients with cerebral dural arteriovenous fistulae involving cavernous sinus (8), transverse-sigmoid sinus (6), tentorial sinus (3), superior sagittal (1), Galen (1) and straight sinus (1), were treated by transvenous embolization (14 patients), surgical interruption of venous drainage (5) and sinus isolation (1) respectively.

RESULTS

Clinical cure was obtained in 13 patients, symptoms were relieved in 6 and aggravated in one. Angiographically, complete cure was noted in 11 patients, partial disappearance of fistulas in 9. Sixteen patients were followed up for 1-48 months.

CONCLUSION

Targetting drainage vein or sinus occlusion is effective and safe in the management of patients with cerebral dural arteriovenous fistulae.

Isolation and purification of the ovulation-inducing factor from seminal plasma in the bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus)

The purpose of this study was to extract, identify and partially characterize a newly found ovulation-inducing factor, and thus gain our understanding of induced ovulation in biology. In our preliminary research, an ovulation-inducing factor (OIF) was isolated and purified from seminal plasma of the bactrian camel by ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, HPLC and reverse-phase HPLC. The OIF is a peptide with 74 residues and GnRH-like bioactivity, which is heat-stable in camel seminal plasma because the OIF is wrapped up in several protein layers with different properties. However, purified OIF is degraded when it is exposed to oxygen or is heated in water. According to the analysis of amino acid components and partial amino acid sequence aminated N-terminus, and its molecular weight, the OIF is completely different from the native-LHRH, LH, HCG, PMSG and PGF-2alpha. The OIF is a novel ovulation hormone in the bactrian camel, but is similar to that reported in the bull.

The role of controlled anticoagulation in balloon occluding vertebral arteries to treat giant fusiform aneurysms of the basilar artery

SUMMARY

We suggest and discuss the role of controlled anticoagulation therapy after the balloon occlusion of vertebral arteries to treat giant fusiform aneurysms in the basilar trunk. Two cases of giant fusiform aneurysms were treated with balloon occlusion of vertebral arteries. Both of these patients suffered severe brain stem ischaemia. Anticoagulants were used to adjust the PTT to 1.5-2.5 times the normal level to control the formation speed of thrombosis inside the aneurysms. Case 1 was obliged to suspend the anticoagulation therapy one week after occlusion because of digestive tract haemorrhage, and died of severe brain stem ischaemia. On autopsy, the sac of the aneurysm was totally occupied by the thrombus. Two perforating arteries feeding the brain stem arising from the wall of the aneurysm and infarction in the brain stem were found. Case 2 was anticoagulated strictly and progressively improved after three weeks. Anticoagulation was terminated after one month. Follow-up MRI showed the aneurysm had disappeared six months later. Giant fusiform aneurysms in the basilar artery trunk can be treated with the balloon occlusion of vertebral arteries which induces thrombosis in the sac of aneurysm. Controlled anticoagulation should be given to slow down the thrombotic obliteration in the perforators arising from the aneurysm wall to the brain stem and give the brain stem have enough time to establish the sufficient collateral circulation.

A role for MHR1, a gene required for mitochondrial genetic recombination, in the repair of damage spontaneously introduced in yeast mtDNA

A nuclear recessive mutant in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, mhr1-1, is defective in mitochondrial genetic recombination at 30 degrees C and shows extensive vegetative petite induction by UV irradiation at 30 degrees C or when cultivated at a higher temperature (37 degrees C). It has been postulated that mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is oxidatively damaged by by-products of oxidative respiration. Since genetic recombination plays a critical role in DNA repair in various organisms, we tested the possibility that MHR1 plays a role in the repair of oxidatively damaged mtDNA using an enzyme assay. mtDNA isolated from cells grown under standard (aerobic) conditions contained a much higher level of DNA lesions compared with mtDNA isolated from anaerobically grown cells. Soon after a temperature shift from 30 to 37 degrees C the number of mtDNA lesions increased 2-fold in mhr1-1 mutant cells but not in MHR1 cells. Malonic acid, which decreased the oxidative stress in mitochondria, partially suppressed both petite induction and the temperature-induced increase in the amount of mtDNA damage in mhr1-1 cells at 37 degrees C. Thus, functional mitochondria require active MHR1, which keeps the extent of spontaneous oxidative damage in mtDNA within a tolerable level. These observations are consistent with MHR1 having a possible role in mtDNA repair.

[An occlusive evaluation proposal to intra-saccular embolization of intracranial aneurysm]

OBJECTIVE

To explore the imaging criteria for evaluating intracranial aneurysm embolization.

METHODS

Angiographic occlusive criteria for intracranial aneurysm embolization (aneurysm not opcified angiographically after embolization, 100% occlusion; a little part of aneurysm neck residual, 95%; neck residual, 90%; neck and a little part of aneurysm cavity residual, 80%; some cavity residual, < 80%) were used by 6 specialists to evaluate 121 aneurysms embolized with MDS (mechanical detachable spiral) and/or GDC (guglielmi detachable coil) from March 1995 to July 1999. The rationality, feasibility and limitation of the criteria were discussed.

RESULTS

Among the 121 aneurysms, 100% occlusion was reached in 53 aneurysms (43.8%), 95% in 27 (22.3%), 90% in 16 (13.2%), 80% in 15 (12.4%), and less than 80% in 10 (8.3%) respectively. Good accordance was obtained among different doctors in the occlusive evaluation of aneurysm embolization.

CONCLUSIONS

The suggesting criteria are simple and feasible in clinical practice, although the effect of imaging follow-up of embolized aneurysm is unknown and the numerical value of occlusive percentage is arbitrary.

Tubulocystic ovarian clear cell carcinoma with abundant fibrous stroma: malignant clear cell adenofibroma

We report a case of tubulocystic ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) with abundant fibrous stroma associated with an endometriotic cyst. Most OCCC show a small amount of fibrous stroma; however, the tumor presented in this case had abundant stroma, that qualifies it as a malignant clear cell adenofibroma. This unusual type of clear cell carcinoma may be misinterpreted as a benign lesion or as metastatic carcinoma on frozen section. In permanent sections, the stromal invasive foci are focal, small and subtle. Therefore, extensive sampling of the specimen to search for evidence of invasion is recommended for a fibrous ovarian tumor that appears benign on gross examination.

[Selective arterial embolization for the treatment of thoracolumbar spinal tumor]

OBJECTIVE

To decrease intraoperative blood loss during tumor resection.

METHODS

Fifteen patients with primary thoraco-lumbar spinal tumor [giant cell tumor (5 patients), malignant nerinoma (2), chordoma (1), fibrous xanthosarcoma (1), malignant fibrohistocytoma (1), osteosarcoma (1), Ewing sarcoma (1), myeloma (1), leimyosarcoma (1), Non-Hodgkin diseases (1)] were treated by means of preoperative selective arterial embolization, tumor resection, and spinal reconstruction. Eight patients were subjected to total spondylectomy in one stage.

RESULTS

Fourteen patients showed satisfactory results after embolization. The volume of intraoperative blood loss ranged from 3,000 ml to 400 ml (average 1,200 ml). Follow up of the patients varied from 8 months to 19 years (average 48.7 months). Local recurrence happened in 3 patients; 3 patients died from metastasis. Three of 4 patients recovered from complete bowel movement and urination. Seven of nine patients had musical strength improved. Six of 8 patients had recovery of the e sensation of the lower limbs.

CONCLUSIONS

Selective arterial embolization before operation followed by operation within 24 hours can reduce intraoperative blood loss, shorten operative time, and provide a clear operative field for tumor resection.

[Refractory carotid-cavernous fistula: causes and countermeasures]

OBJECTIVE

To explore the causes and countermeasures of refractory carotid-cavernous fistula (CCF).

METHODS

Twelve refractory cases from 123 cases of consecutive traumatic CCF during 12 years were reviewed.

RESULTS

The main causes of refractory CCF were: small or large fistula's opening, or constrictive parent artery; inappropriate early treatments such as ligature of internal carotid artery or common carotid artery, balloon detachment of, and non-dense packing of coils inside the cavernous sinus; unexpected deflation or balloon displacement of resulting in fistula recurrence. Anatomical cure was achieved in 11 cases, and clinical care in 1 by using balloon or/and coil or/and NBCA (n-butal 2-cyanoacrylate) through arterial, venous or surgical approach.

CONCLUSIONS

refractory CCF can be treated effectively skilled catheterization and embolization as well as appropriate approach and embolic material according to fistula structure and vascular route.

A mutation in a mitochondrial ABC transporter results in mitochondrial dysfunction through oxidative damage of mitochondrial DNA

We have isolated a Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutant that shows an increased tendency to form cytoplasmic petites (respiration-deficient rho- or rho0 mutants) in response to treatment of cells growing on a solid medium with the DNA-damaging agent methyl methane-sulfonate or ultraviolet light. The mutation in this strain, atm1-1, was found to cause a single amino acid substitution in ATM1, a nuclear gene that encodes the mitochondrial ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter. When the mutant cells were grown in liquid glucose medium, they accumulated free iron within the mitochondria and at the same time gave rise to spontaneous cytoplasmic petite mutants, as seen previously in cells carrying a mutation in a gene homologous to the human gene responsible for Friedreich's ataxia. Analysis of the effects of free iron and malonic acid (an inhibitor of oxidative respiration in mitochondria) on the incidence of petites among the mutant cells indicated that spontaneous induction of petites was a consequence of oxidative stress rather than a direct effect of either a defect in the ATM1 gene or the accumulation of free iron. We observed an increase in the incidence of strand breaks in the mitochondrial DNA of the atm1-1 mutant cells. Furthermore, we found that rates of induction of petites and accumulation of strand breaks in mitochondrial DNA were enhanced in the atm1-1 mutant by the introduction of another mutation, mhr1-1, which results in a deficiency in mitochondrial DNA repair. These observations indicate that spontaneous induction of petites in the atm1-1 mutant is a consequence of oxidative damage to mitochondrial DNA mediated by enhanced accumulation of mitochondrial iron.

Is premenstrual dysphoric disorder a distinct clinical entity?

Does the evidence now available support the concept of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) as a distinct clinical disorder such that the relative safety and efficacy of potential treatment can be evaluated? In a roundtable discussion of this question, a wealth of information was reviewed by a panel of experts. The key characteristics of PMDD, with clear onset and offset of symptoms closely linked to the menstrual cycle and the prominence of symptoms of anger, irritability, and internal tension, were contrasted with those of known mood and anxiety disorders. PMDD displays a distinct clinical picture that, in the absence of treatment, is remarkably stable from cycle to cycle and over time. Effective treatment of PMDD can be accomplished with serotinergic agents. At least 60% of patients respond to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). In comparison with other disorders, PMDD symptoms respond to low doses of SSRIs and to intermittent dosing. Normal functioning of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, biologic characteristics generally related to the serotonin system, and a genetic component unrelated to major depression are further features of PMDD that separate it from other affective (mood) disorders. Based on this evidence, the consensus of the group was that PMDD is a distinct clinical entity. Potential treatments for this disorder can now be evaluated on this basis to meet the clear need for effective therapy.

[Surgical treatment of spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas]

OBJECTIVE

To discuss the operation modalities of spinal dural arteriovenous fistulae (SDAVFs) and treatment with anticoagulant agents after surgery.

METHOD

The medical records, radiographic studies and operations of 23 patients with SDAVFs were reviewed. Laminectomy was performed at the level of the arterialized venous entry into the subarachnoid space in 18 patients with thoracic and lumbar lever AVFs, followed by coagulation, clipping and division of the vein. In 14 of 18 patients, the arteriovenous nidus in the dura was identified and obliterated by coagulation. The draining veins were interrupted at L(5) - S(1) level in 5 patients with sacral AVFs. Anticoagulant treatment was given in 13 patients.

RESULT

Outcome was good in 20 patients and 2 of the 20 had transient postoperative neurological deterioration that reversed by anticoagulant agents. No changes were seen in 2 patients except one deteriorated.

CONCLUSION

Surgical interruption of arterialized radicular-medullary draining vein of SDAVFs provides lasting occlusion of the fistula, and postoperative anticoagulant therapy can prevent thrombosis of the coronal venous plexus.

Glucose repression on RIM1, a gene encoding a mitochondrial single-stranded DNA-binding protein, in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: a possible regulation at pre-mRNA splicing

The mitochondrial single-stranded DNA-binding protein (SSB) encoded by anuclear gene, RIM1, is a homolog of Escherichia coli SSB. The addition of glucose decreased the amount of RIM1-mRNA in cells growing in a glycerol medium, but increased the amount of the immature RIM1-mRNA. The changes in the amounts of both mature and immature RIM1-mRNAs were dependent on SRN1/REG1/HEX2, a gene relating to pre-mRNA-splicing and glucose repression. These observations suggest that the expression of the mitochondrial SSB is regulated, at least in part, by pre-mRNA splicing under the control of glucose repression.

[Animal experiment and clinical application of self-made mechanically detachable coils]

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the practical and thrombogenetic characteristics of self-made mechanically detachable coils by the animal experiment and primary clinical application.

METHOD

The bifurcation type of aneurysm model was established on rabbit and embolized with self-made mechanically detachable coils 2 weeks after surgery. 24 coils were used in 5 experimental aneurysms. Control angiography was performed and the rabbits were sacrificed 2 - 3 weeks after the embolization. The embolized aneurysm samples were examined by pathologist. Ten patients were treated with self-made mechanically detachable coils in primary clinical application. They were divided into aneurysms (7 patients), traumatic carotid-carvenous fistulas (2), dural arterio-venous fistula in carvenous sinus region (1). 146 coils were used totally and all were delivered with mechanical detachable system (MDS Balt co. France).

RESULT

Pathologically, the cavities of rabbit aneurysm models were occluded by tungsten coils (2 complete, 3 almost complete). The coils were trapped in granulation tissue which was covered by a thin layer of endothelium on the surface facing the blood flow. In the coils dense packing ones, the aneurysms were completely excluded from the parent circulation by neointimal layers. In the practice procedures, the coils fit MDS (Balt co. France) very well and can be delivered, withdrew and detached smoothly.

CONCLUSION

The self-made mechanically detachable coils have practical reliability and evident thrombogenetic effects.

[Endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms with GDC: report of 8 cases]

OBJECTIVE

To assess the usefulness and practical experience in intracranial aneurysm embolization with guglielmi detachable coil (GDC) applied firstly in China.

METHOD

Under general anesthesia and systematic anticoagulation, eight cases of intracranial aneurysms were embolized with GDC which was introduced by tracker micro-catheter, combined remodeling technique (RT) if necessary.

RESULT

100% occlusion was achieved in 5 cases, 95% in 2 and 90% in 1, without any complication. Among these cases, 4 failed in the previous attempts of endovascular treatment with mechanical detachable system (MDS), because MDS could not be safely and totally placed inside the aneurysms and Mag 3F/2F micro-catheter could not be navigated into the aneurysms.

CONCLUSION

Embolization of intracranial aneurysms with GDC is safe, effective and reliable, and it may offer the cure opportunity to those enearysms which are very dangerous to embolize or can not be embolized with MDS.