26
|
De Grassi A, Iannelli F, Cereda M, Volorio S, Melocchi V, Viel A, Basso G, Laghi L, Caselle M, Ciccarelli FD. Deep sequencing of the X chromosome reveals the proliferation history of colorectal adenomas. Genome Biol 2014; 15:437. [PMID: 25175524 PMCID: PMC4181412 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-014-0437-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mismatch repair deficient colorectal adenomas are composed of transformed cells that descend from a common founder and progressively accumulate genomic alterations. The proliferation history of these tumors is still largely unknown. Here we present a novel approach to rebuild the proliferation trees that recapitulate the history of individual colorectal adenomas by mapping the progressive acquisition of somatic point mutations during tumor growth. RESULTS Using our approach, we called high and low frequency mutations acquired in the X chromosome of four mismatch repair deficient colorectal adenomas deriving from male individuals. We clustered these mutations according to their frequencies and rebuilt the proliferation trees directly from the mutation clusters using a recursive algorithm. The trees of all four lesions were formed of a dominant subclone that co-existed with other genetically heterogeneous subpopulations of cells. However, despite this similar hierarchical organization, the growth dynamics varied among and within tumors, likely depending on a combination of tumor-specific genetic and environmental factors. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides insights into the biological properties of individual mismatch repair deficient colorectal adenomas that may influence their growth and also the response to therapy. Extended to other solid tumors, our novel approach could inform on the mechanisms of cancer progression and on the best treatment choice.
Collapse
|
27
|
Tosato F, Bucciol G, Pantano G, Putti MC, Sanzari MC, Basso G, Plebani M. Lymphocytes subsets reference values in childhood. Cytometry A 2014; 87:81-5. [PMID: 25132325 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.22520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Revised: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Immunophenotyping of blood lymphocyte subsets and activation markers is a basic tool in the diagnostic process of primary immunodeficiency diseases, its use becoming more and more widespread as the knowledge about these illnesses increases. However, the availability of reliable reference values, which need to be age-matched for the pediatric population, is a pre-requisite for the reliable interpretation of immunophenotyping data. Aim of this study is to analyze the lymphocyte subsets and activation markers distribution in children aged 0-18 years referring to the University Hospital of Padova and to create age-matched reference values expressed by percentiles, thus providing a valuable guideline for the interpretation of the immunophenotype.
Collapse
|
28
|
Cucco F, Servadio A, Gatti V, Bianchi P, Mannini L, Prodosmo A, De Vitis E, Basso G, Friuli A, Laghi L, Soddu S, Fontanini G, Musio A. Mutant cohesin drives chromosomal instability in early colorectal adenomas. Hum Mol Genet 2014; 23:6773-8. [PMID: 25080505 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddu394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromosome missegregation leads to chromosomal instability (CIN), thought to play a role in cancer development. As cohesin functions in guaranteeing correct chromosome segregation, increasing data suggest its involvement in tumorigenesis. In a screen of a large series of early colorectal adenomas, a precocious step during colorectal tumorigenesis, we identified 11 mutations in SMC1A core cohesin subunit. In addition, we sequenced the SMC1A gene in colorectal carcinomas and we found only one mutation. Finally, the transfection of the SMC1A mutations identified in early adenomas and wild-type SMC1A gene silencing in normal human fibroblasts led to CIN. Our findings that SMC1A mutations decrease from early adenomas to colorectal cancers and that mutations lead to CIN suggest that mutant cohesin could play a pivotal role during colorectal cancer development.
Collapse
|
29
|
Savino B, Caronni N, Anselmo A, Pasqualini F, Borroni EM, Basso G, Celesti G, Laghi L, Tourlaki A, Boneschi V, Brambilla L, Nebuloni M, Vago G, Mantovani A, Locati M, Bonecchi R. ERK-dependent downregulation of the atypical chemokine receptor D6 drives tumor aggressiveness in Kaposi sarcoma. Cancer Immunol Res 2014; 2:679-89. [PMID: 24844911 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-13-0202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
D6 is an atypical chemokine receptor acting as a decoy and scavenger for inflammatory CC chemokines expressed in lymphatic endothelial cells. Here, we report that D6 is expressed in Kaposi sarcoma (KS), a tumor ontogenetically related to the lymphatic endothelium. Both in human tumors and in an experimental model, D6 expression levels were inversely correlated with tumor aggressiveness and increased infiltration of proangiogenic macrophages. Inhibition of monocyte recruitment reduced the growth of tumors, while adoptive transfer of wild-type, but not CCR2(-/-) macrophages, increased the growth rate of D6-competent neoplasms. In the KS model with the B-Raf V600E-activating mutation, inhibition of B-Raf or the downstream ERK pathway induced D6 expression; in progressing human KS tumors, the activation of ERK correlates with reduced levels of D6 expression. These results indicate that activation of the K-Ras-B-Raf-ERK pathway during KS progression downregulates D6 expression, which unleashes chemokine-mediated macrophage recruitment and their acquisition of an M2-like phenotype supporting angiogenesis and tumor growth. Combined targeting of CCR2 and the ERK pathway should be considered as a therapeutic option for patients with KS.
Collapse
|
30
|
Pillozzi S, Accordi B, Rebora P, Serafin V, Valsecchi MG, Basso G, Arcangeli A. Differential expression of hERG1A and hERG1B genes in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia identifies different prognostic subgroups. Leukemia 2014; 28:1352-5. [PMID: 24429499 PMCID: PMC4051215 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2014.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
31
|
Hasegawa D, Bugarin C, Giordan M, Bresolin S, Longoni D, Micalizzi C, Ramenghi U, Bertaina A, Basso G, Locatelli F, Biondi A, Te Kronnie G, Gaipa G. Validation of flow cytometric phospho-STAT5 as a diagnostic tool for juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia. Blood Cancer J 2013; 3:e160. [PMID: 24241400 PMCID: PMC3880439 DOI: 10.1038/bcj.2013.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Revised: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
To diagnose juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML) is sometimes challenging, because around 10% of patients lack molecular abnormalities affecting Ras-MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) pathway and other diseases such as cytomegalovirus infection can mimic clinical signs of JMML. In order to validate a phospho-specific flow cytometry assay assessing phospho-signal transducer and activator of transcription factor 5 (p-STAT5) as a new diagnostic tool for JMML, we examined 22 samples from children with JMML and 47 controls. CD33+/CD34+ cells from 22 patients with JMML showed hyperphosphorylation of STAT5 induced by sub-saturating doses of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). Using a training set of samples (11 JMML and 23 controls), we identified a threshold for p-STAT5-positive after stimulation with 0.1 ng/ml GM-CSF (17.17%) that discriminates JMML from controls. This threshold was validated in an independent series (11 JMML, 24 controls and 7 cases with diseases other than JMML) where we demonstrated that patients with JMML could be distinguished from other subjects with a sensitivity of 91% (confidence interval (CI) 59–100%) and a specificity of 87% (CI 70–96%). Positive and negative predictive values were 71% (CI 42–92%) and 96% (CI 82–100%), respectively. In conclusion, flow cytometric p-STAT5 profiling is a reliable diagnostic tool for identifying patients with JMML and can contribute to consistency of current diagnostic criteria.
Collapse
|
32
|
Di Caro G, Celesti G, Grizzi F, Bianchi P, Basso G, Marchesi F, Mantovani A, Malesci A, Laghi L. Combined low-FOXP3+ and -CD3+tumor infiltrating lymphocytes: a signature of stage II MSS colorectal cancer at high-risk of recurrence. J Immunother Cancer 2013. [PMCID: PMC3991254 DOI: 10.1186/2051-1426-1-s1-p49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
|
33
|
Celesti G, Di Caro G, Bianchi P, Grizzi F, Marchesi F, Basso G, Rahal D, Delconte G, Catalano M, Cappello P, Roncalli M, Zerbi A, Montorsi M, Novelli F, Mantovani A, Allavena P, Malesci A, Laghi L. Early expression of the fractalkine receptor CX3CR1 in pancreatic carcinogenesis. Br J Cancer 2013; 109:2424-33. [PMID: 24084767 PMCID: PMC3817321 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2013.565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 07/09/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), fractalkine receptor CX3CR1 contributes to perineural invasion (PNI). We investigated whether CX3CR1 expression occurs early in PDAC and correlates with tumour features other than PNI. METHODS We studied CX3CR1 and CX3CL1 expression by immunohistochemistry in 104 human PDAC and coexisting Pancreatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia (PanIN), and in PdxCre/LSL-Kras(G12D) mouse model of PDAC. CX3CR1 expression in vitro was studied by a spheroid model, and in vivo by syngenic mouse graft of tumour cells. RESULTS In total, 56 (53.9%) PDAC expressed CX3CR1, 70 (67.3%) CX3CL1, and 45 (43.3%) both. CX3CR1 expression was independently associated with tumour glandular differentiation (P=0.005) and PNI (P=0.01). Pancreatic Intraepithelial Neoplasias were more frequently CX3CR1+ (80.3%, P<0.001) and CX3CL1+ (86.8%, P=0.002) than matched cancers. The survival of PDAC patients was better in those with CX3CR1+ tumour (P=0.05). Mouse PanINs were also CX3CR1(+) and -CL1(+). In vitro, cytokines significantly increased CX3CL1 but not CX3CR1 expression. Differently, CX3CR1 was upregulated in tumour spheroids, and in vivo only in well-differentiated tumours. CONCLUSION Tumour differentiation, rather than inflammatory signalling, modulates CX3CR1 expression in PanINs and PDAC. CX3CR1 expression pattern suggests its early involvement in PDAC progression, outlining a potential target for interfering with the PanIN transition to invasive cancer.
Collapse
|
34
|
Pellegrini B, Basso G, Fiori G, Macucci M, Maione IA, Marconcini P. Improvement of the accuracy of noise measurements by the two-amplifier correlation method. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2013; 84:104702. [PMID: 24182139 DOI: 10.1063/1.4823780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We present a novel method for device noise measurement, based on a two-channel cross-correlation technique and a direct "in situ" measurement of the transimpedance of the device under test (DUT), which allows improved accuracy with respect to what is available in the literature, in particular when the DUT is a nonlinear device. Detailed analytical expressions for the total residual noise are derived, and an experimental investigation of the increased accuracy provided by the method is performed.
Collapse
|
35
|
Celesti G, Di Caro G, Bianchi P, Grizzi F, Basso G, Marchesi F, Doni A, Marra G, Roncalli M, Mantovani A, Malesci A, Laghi L. Presence of Twist1-positive neoplastic cells in the stroma of chromosome-unstable colorectal tumors. Gastroenterology 2013; 145:647-57.e15. [PMID: 23684708 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2013.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2012] [Revised: 04/04/2013] [Accepted: 05/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Cancer cells undergo an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to become invasive, allowing tumors to progress. However, there is no direct evidence that human cancer cells undergo an EMT. In mouse cancer cells, up-regulation of transcription factor Twist1 was shown to promote an EMT. We searched the stroma of human colorectal tumor samples for TWIST1-positive cells with a mesenchymal phenotype and neoplastic genotype. METHODS We measured the expression of TWIST1 in human colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines and examined the effects of overexpression or knockdown in vitro and in mice. We used immunohistochemistry to measure levels of TWIST1 in 201 colorectal tumor samples. In 20 samples, immunostaining was combined with fluorescence in situ hybridization analyses. Levels of TWIST1 messenger RNA (mRNA) were measured in blood samples from 15 patients. RESULTS TWIST1 was required to maintain the mesenchymal phenotype and invasiveness of the microsatellite-stable CoLo741 cells (which express endogenous TWIST1) and SW480 (expressing transgenic TWIST1). TWIST1 mRNA was not translated in CRC cells with microsatellite instability (HCT116). Syngenic TWIST1-positive colon carcinoma cells (CT26) that invaded tissues surrounding tumors acquired a mesenchymal phenotype. The presence of TWIST1-positive cells in the stroma of human colorectal tumors correlated with microsatellite stability (P = .05), stage IV cancer (P = .02), and disease-free survival time (P < .01). Trisomies of chromosome 7 and/or chromosome 20 were detected in 17 of 20 colorectal tumor samples, each of which contained TWIST1-positive cells with matching chromosomal gains in the tumor stroma (86 of 776 counted cells; 11.1%). No trisomy was observed in TWIST1-negative stromal cells (0 of 1249 cells; P < .001). Levels of TWIST1 mRNA were significantly higher in blood samples from patients with CRC than controls. CONCLUSIONS The stroma of human colorectal tumors contains TWIST1-positive cancer cells with mesenchymal phenotypes. Patients with CRC have higher levels of TWIST1 mRNA than healthy individuals.
Collapse
|
36
|
Rampazzo E, Persano L, Pistollato F, Moro E, Frasson C, Porazzi P, Della Puppa A, Bresolin S, Battilana G, Indraccolo S, Te Kronnie G, Argenton F, Tiso N, Basso G. Erratum: Wnt activation promotes neuronal differentiation of Glioblastoma. Cell Death Dis 2013. [PMCID: PMC3641346 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
37
|
Rampazzo E, Persano L, Pistollato F, Moro E, Frasson C, Porazzi P, Della Puppa A, Bresolin S, Battilana G, Indraccolo S, Te Kronnie G, Argenton F, Tiso N, Basso G. Wnt activation promotes neuronal differentiation of glioblastoma. Cell Death Dis 2013; 4:e500. [PMID: 23429286 PMCID: PMC4098797 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
One of the biggest challenges in tumour research is the possibility to reprogram cancer
cells towards less aggressive phenotypes. In this study, we reprogrammed primary
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM)-derived cells towards a more differentiated and less
oncogenic phenotype by activating the Wnt pathway in a hypoxic microenvironment. Hypoxia
usually correlates with malignant behaviours in cancer cells, but it has been recently
involved, together with Wnt signalling, in the differentiation of embryonic and neural
stem cells. Here, we demonstrate that treatment with Wnt ligands, or overexpression of
β-catenin, mediate neuronal differentiation and halt proliferation in
primary GBM cells. An hypoxic environment cooperates with Wnt-induced differentiation, in
line with our finding that hypoxia inducible factor-1α
(HIF-1α) is instrumental and required to sustain the expression of
β-catenin transcriptional partners TCF-1 and LEF-1. In addition, we also
found that Wnt-induced GBM cell differentiation inhibits Notch signalling, and thus gain
of Wnt and loss of Notch cooperate in the activation of a pro-neuronal differentiation
program. Intriguingly, the GBM sub-population enriched of cancer stem cells
(CD133+ fraction) is the primary target of the pro-differentiating
effects mediated by the crosstalk between HIF-1α, Wnt, and Notch
signalling. By using zebrafish transgenics and mutants as model systems to visualize and
manipulate in vivo the Wnt pathway, we confirm that Wnt pathway activation is
able to promote neuronal differentiation and inhibit Notch signalling of primary human GBM
cells also in this in vivo set-up. In conclusion, these findings shed light on an
unsuspected crosstalk between hypoxia, Wnt and Notch signalling in GBM, and suggest the
potential to manipulate these microenvironmental signals to blunt GBM malignancy.
Collapse
|
38
|
Celesti G, Caro GD, Bianchi P, Grizzi F, Basso G, Doni A, Marchesi F, Marra G, Roncalli M, Mantovani A, Malesci A, Laghi L. Abstract A32: Colorectal cancer stroma: Tumor cells in disguise. Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.tim2013-a32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is thought to mediate cancer cell dissemination and metastasis. However, the role of EMT in the initial progression of human cancer remains unproven, since delaminating neoplastic cells have never been identified in the peritumoral stroma.
Aim: To demonstrate the existence of EMT-neoplastic cells in mesenchymal disguise in the stroma of human colorectal cancer (CRC).
Methods and Materials / Patients: In vitro, gene expression profile analysis of 18 CRC cells by microarray. Transfection/silencing of TWIST1 in CRC cells and invasion and migration assay. Immunohistochemistry for TWIST1 of 11 adenomas and of 201 CRC specimens. Combined TWIST1 immunofluorescence and in situ hybridization (iFISH) for CEP7 and 20 of 20 CRC specimens. In vivo, orthotopic graft of murine CRC cells CT26 in the rectal sub-mucosa of Balb/c mice.
Results: TWIST1 was necessary to maintain mesenchymal phenotype and invasiveness of microsatellite-stable (MSS) cellular models of EMT, either spontaneous (CoLo741) or induced by transfection (SW480). TWIST1 mRNA was not translated in MSI CRC cells (HCT116). In an orthotopic mouse model of CRC, syngenic TWIST1-positive cells (CT26) acquired a mesenchymal phenotype when invading the peritumoral tissues. In human CRC tissues, the presence of TWIST1-positive cells within the stroma correlated with tumor MSS status (p=0.05), stage IV (p=0.02), and patient prognosis (DSS, p<0.01). Trisomies of chromosome 7 and/or chromosome 20 were detected within the tumor compartment of 17/20 CRC specimens. In each of these 17 tumors, TWIST1-positive cells with matching chromosomal gains were traceable in the peritumoral stroma (86 of 776 counted cells, 11.1%), whereas no trisomy was recognized in TWIST1-negative stromal cells (0 of 1249 cells; p<0.001).
Conclusion: TWIST1 plays a crucial role in maintaining EMT in human CRC. By using TWIST1 as marker of EMT cells, we demonstrated that stromal cells, disguised as fibroblasts, are actually neoplastic. Targeting TWIST1+ stromal cells might open new scenarios for interfering with the metastatic cascade of CRC.
Note: This abstract was not presented at the conference.
Citation Format: Giuseppe Celesti, Giuseppe Di Caro, Paolo Bianchi, Fabio Grizzi, Gianluca Basso, Andrea Doni, Federica Marchesi, Giancarlo Marra, Massimo Roncalli, Alberto Mantovani, Alberto Malesci, Luigi Laghi. Colorectal cancer stroma: Tumor cells in disguise. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Invasion and Metastasis; Jan 20-23, 2013; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(3 Suppl):Abstract nr A32.
Collapse
|
39
|
Grizzi F, Celesti G, Basso G, Laghi L. Tumor budding as a potential histopathological biomarker in colorectal cancer: Hype or hope? World J Gastroenterol 2012; 18:6532-6536. [PMID: 23236225 PMCID: PMC3516222 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v18.i45.6532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2012] [Revised: 10/12/2012] [Accepted: 11/13/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC), the third most commonly diagnosed type of cancer in men and women worldwide is recognized as a complex multi-pathway disease, an observation sustained by the fact that histologically identical tumors may have different outcome, including various response to therapy. Therefore, particularly in early and intermediate stage (stages II and III, respectively) CRC, there is a compelling need for biomarkers helpful of selecting patients with aggressive disease that might benefit from adjuvant and targeted therapy. Histopathological examination shows that likely other solid tumors the development and progression of human CRC is not only determined by genetically abnormal cells, but also by intricate interactions between malignant cells and the surrounding microenvironment. This has led to reconsider the features of tumor microenvironment as potential predictive and prognostic biomarkers. Among the histopathological biomarkers, tumor budding (i.e., the presence of individual cells and small clusters of tumor cells at the tumor invasive front) has received much recent attention, particularly in the setting of CRC. Although its acceptance as a reportable factor has been held back by a lack of uniformity with respect to qualitative and quantitative aspects, tumor budding is now considered as an independent adverse prognostic factor in CRC that may allow for stratification of patients into risk categories more meaningful than those defined by tumor-node-metastasis staging alone, and also potentially guide treatment decisions, especially in T2-T3 N0 (stage II) CRCs.
Collapse
|
40
|
Accordi B, Galla L, Milani G, Curtarello M, Serafin V, Lissandron V, Viola G, te Kronnie G, De Maria R, Petricoin EF, Liotta LA, Indraccolo S, Basso G. AMPK inhibition enhances apoptosis in MLL-rearranged pediatric B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells. Leukemia 2012; 27:1019-27. [DOI: 10.1038/leu.2012.338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
41
|
Iolascon A, Badiali M, Pession A, Basso G, Losi L, Delgiudice E, Perrotta S, Cutillo S, Tonini G. Rare frequencey of point mutations for codon 12, 13 and 61 of ras gene in italian neuroblastoma. Int J Oncol 2012; 3:529-33. [PMID: 21573396 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.3.3.529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Single point mutations of ras oncogenes are found in many tumors and contribute to the pathogenesis of the cancer. The product of the ras gene, p21 protein, was found expressed in several neuroblastoma tissues. However, the role of ras gene in this tumor has yet to be clarified. To contribute to the understanding of the ras activation, 79 fresh biopsies of neuroblastoma were studied to investigate the possibility that ras would be activated by point mutation. Analysis of H-ras and N-ras was performed by means of PCR and SSO, while K-ras mutations were detected by multiplex-ASPCR. None of the neuroblastomas examined showed H- or K-ras activation, while N-ras mutations were demonstrated in only three patients (3,7%). N-myc oncogene is amplified in a substantial number of patients with neuroblastoma. N-myc amplification was studied by Southern blot technique. N-myc amplification was demonstrated in 13.2% of patients less than 1 year of age at diagnosis and 23% of older children. Two of the patients (one stage I and one stage IVs) with N-ras mutation and without N-myc amplification had a good outcome, while the third (stage IVs) with N-myc amplification had a poor prognosis. These results suggest that ras activation is a rare event in both amplified and non-amplified neuroblastoma tumors and that N-ras activation was not involved in the clinical outcome of these patients. Moreover, our data suggest that p21 expression is induced by a post-transcriptional activation.
Collapse
|
42
|
Laghi L, Beghelli S, Spinelli A, Bianchi P, Basso G, Di Caro G, Brecht A, Celesti G, Turri G, Bersani S, Schumacher G, Röcken C, Gräntzdörffer I, Roncalli M, Zerbi A, Neuhaus P, Bassi C, Montorsi M, Scarpa A, Malesci A. Irrelevance of microsatellite instability in the epidemiology of sporadic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. PLoS One 2012; 7:e46002. [PMID: 23029359 PMCID: PMC3448728 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0046002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2012] [Accepted: 08/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Pancreatic cancer risk is increased in Lynch syndrome (LS) patients with mismatch repair gene defects predisposing to colonic and extracolonic cancers with microsatellite instability (MSI). However, the frequency of MSI pancreatic cancers has never been ascertained in consecutive, unselected clinical series, and their contribution to the sporadic and inherited burden of pancreatic cancer remains to be established. Aims of the study were to determine the prevalence of MSI in surgically resected pancreatic cancers in a multicentric, retrospective study, and to assess the occurrence of pancreatic cancer in LS. METHODS MS-status was screened by a panel of 5 mononucleotide repeats (Bat26, Bat25, NR-21, NR-24 and NR-27) in 338 consecutive pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), resected at two Italian and one German referral centres. The personal history of pancreatic cancer was assessed in an independent set of 58 probands with LS and in 138 first degree relatives who had cancers. RESULTS Only one PDAC (0.3%) showed MSI. This was a medullary type cancer, with hMLH1-deficiency, and no identified germ-line mutation but methylation of hMLH1. Pancreatic cancer occurred in 5 (2.5%) LS patients. Histological sampling was available for 2 cases, revealing PDAC in one case and an ampullary cancer in the other one. CONCLUSIONS MSI prevalence is negligible in sporadic, resected PDAC. Differently, the prevalence of pancreatic cancer is 2.5% in LS patients, and cancers other than PDAC may be encountered in this setting. Surveillance for pancreatic cancer should be advised in LS mutation carriers at referral centers.
Collapse
|
43
|
Seyfried F, Accordi B, Queudeville M, Eckhoff SM, Milani G, Galla L, Giordan M, Kraus J, Basso G, Kestler H, te Kronnie G, Debatin KM, Meyer LH. Reverse Phase Protein Array (RPPA) of High Risk ALL. KLINISCHE PADIATRIE 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1310475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
44
|
Bresolin S, Trentin L, Zecca M, Giordan M, Sainati L, Locatelli F, Basso G, te Kronnie G. Gene expression signatures of pediatric myelodysplastic syndromes are associated with risk of evolution into acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia 2012; 26:1717-9. [DOI: 10.1038/leu.2012.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
|
45
|
Tasinato P, Montisci M, te Kronnie G, Basso G. Non-medical applications of non-invasive prenatal diagnosis: Ethical issues. FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL GENETICS SUPPLEMENT SERIES 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigss.2011.09.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
46
|
Hu YL, De Lay M, Rose SD, Carbonell WS, Aghi MK, Rose SD, Carbonell WS, De Lay M, Hu YL, Paquette J, Tokuyasu T, Tsao S, Chaumeil M, Ronen S, Aghi MK, Matlaf LA, Soroceanu L, Cobbs C, Soroceanu L, Matlaf L, Harkins L, Cobbs C, Garzon-Muvdi T, Rhys CA, Smith C, Kim DH, Kone L, Farber H, An S, Levchenko A, Quinones-Hinojosa A, Lemke D, Pfenning PN, Sahm F, Klein AC, Kempf T, Schnolzer M, Platten M, Wick W, Smith SJ, Rahman R, Rahman C, Barrow J, Macarthur D, Rose F, Grundy RG, Kaley TJ, Huse J, Karimi S, Rosenblum M, Omuro A, DeAngelis LM, de Groot JF, Kong LY, Wei J, Wang T, Piao Y, Liang J, Fuller GN, Qiao W, Heimberger AB, Jhaveri N, Cho H, Torres S, Wang W, Schonthal A, Petasis N, Louie SG, Hofman F, Chen TC, Yamada R, Sumual S, Buljan V, Bennett MR, McDonald KL, Weiler M, Pfenning PN, Thiepold AL, Jestaedt L, Gronych J, Dittmann LM, Jugold M, Kosch M, Combs SE, von Deimling A, Weller M, Bendszus M, Platten M, Wick W, Kwiatkowska A, Paulino V, Tran NL, Symons M, Stockham AL, Borden E, Peereboom D, Hu Y, Chaturbedi A, Hamamura M, Mark E, Zhou YH, Abbadi S, Guerrero-Cazares H, Pistollato F, Smith CL, Ruff W, Puppa AD, Basso G, Quinones-Hinojosa A, Monje M, Freret ME, Masek M, Fisher PG, Haddix T, Vogel H, Kijima N, Hosen N, Kagawa N, Hashimoto N, Fujimoto Y, Kinoshita M, Sugiyama H, Yoshimine T, Anneke N, Bob H, Pieter W, Arend H, William L, Eoli M, Calleri A, Cuppini L, Anghileri E, Pellegatta S, Prodi E, Bruzzone MG, Bertolini F, Finocchiaro G, Zhu D, Hunter SB, Vertino PM, Van Meir EG, Cork SM, Kaur B, Cooper L, Saltz JH, Sandberg EM, Van Meir EG, Burrell K, Hill R, Zadeh G, Parker JJ, Dionne K, Massarwa R, Klaassen M, Niswander L, Kleinschmidt-DeMasters BK, Waziri A, Jalali S, Wataya T, Salehi F, Croul S, Gentili F, Zadeh G, Jalali S, Foltz W, Burrell K, Lee JI, Agnihorti S, Menard C, Chung C, Zadeh G, Torres S, Jhaveri N, Wang W, Schonthal AH, Louie SG, Hofman FM, Chen TC, Elena P, Faivre G, Demopoulos A, Taillibert S, Rosenblum M, Omuro A, Kirsch M, Martin KD, Bertram A, uckermann O, Leipnitz E, Weigel P, Temme A, Schackert G, Geiger K, Gerstner E, Jennings D, Chi AS, Plotkin S, Kwon SJ, Pinho M, Polaskova P, Batchelor TT, Sorensen AG, Hossain MB, Gururaj AE, Cortes-Santiago N, Gabrusiewicz K, Yung WKA, Fueyo J, Gomez-Manzano C, Gil OD, Noticewala S, Ivkovic S, Esencay M, Zagzagg D, Rosenfeld S, Bruce JN, Canoll P, Chang JH, Seol HJ, Weeks A, Smith CA, Rutka JT, Georges J, Samuelson G, Misra A, Joy A, Huang Y, McQuilkin M, Yoshihiro A, Carpenter D, Butler L, Feuerstein B, Murphy SF, Vaghaiwalla T, Wotoczek-Obadia M, Albright R, Mack D, Lawn S, Henderson F, Jung M, Dakshanamurthy S, Brown M, Forsyth P, Brem S, Sadr MS, Maret D, Sadr ES, Siu V, Alshami J, Trinh G, Denault JS, Faury D, Jabado N, Nantel A, Del Maestro R. ANGIOGENESIS AND INVASION. Neuro Oncol 2011; 13:iii1-iii9. [PMCID: PMC3222963 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nor147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
|
47
|
Canale S, Cocco C, Frasson C, Seganfreddo E, Di Carlo E, Ognio E, Sorrentino C, Ribatti D, Zorzoli A, Basso G, Dufour C, Airoldi I. Interleukin-27 inhibits pediatric B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell spreading in a preclinical model. Leukemia 2011; 25:1815-24. [DOI: 10.1038/leu.2011.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
48
|
Blink M, Buitenkamp TD, van den Heuvel-Eibrink MM, Danen-van Oorschot AA, de Haas V, Reinhardt D, Klusmann JH, Zimmermann M, Devidas M, Carroll AJ, Basso G, Pession A, Hasle H, Pieters R, Rabin KR, Izraeli S, Zwaan CM. Frequency and prognostic implications of JAK 1-3 aberrations in Down syndrome acute lymphoblastic and myeloid leukemia. Leukemia 2011; 25:1365-8. [PMID: 21537335 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2011.86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
49
|
Sainati L, Longoni D, Basso G, Biondi A, Fenu S, Francescato S, Zecca M, Bugarin C, Cipolli M, Danesino C, Di Meglio A, Tridello G, Leszl A, Maserati E, Minelli A, Nicolis E, Pasquali F, Poli F. 281 Ten years of a prospective haematological survey of patients affected by Shwachman-Diamond syndrome: Results of an Italian multicentric study. Leuk Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0145-2126(11)70283-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
50
|
Masiero M, Minuzzo S, Pusceddu I, Moserle L, Persano L, Agnusdei V, Tosello V, Basso G, Amadori A, Indraccolo S. Notch3-mediated regulation of MKP-1 levels promotes survival of T acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells. Leukemia 2011; 25:588-98. [PMID: 21263446 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2010.323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Activation of the Notch pathway occurs commonly in T acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) because of mutations in Notch1 or Fbw7 and is involved in the regulation of cell proliferation and survival. Deregulated Notch3 signalling has also been shown to promote leukemogenesis in transgenic mice, but the targets of Notch3 in human T-ALL cells remain poorly characterized. Here, we show that Notch3 controls levels of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphatase 1 (MKP-1). In a model of T-ALL cell dormancy, both Notch3 activation and MKP-1 expression were upregulated in aggressive compared with dormant tumors, and this inversely correlated with the levels of phosphorylated p38 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 (ERK1/2) MAPKs, two canonical MKP-1 targets. We demonstrate that MKP-1 protein levels are regulated by Notch3 in T-ALL cell lines because its silencing by RNA interference or treatment with γ-secretase inhibitors induced strong MKP-1 reduction whereas activation of Notch3 signalling had the opposite effect. Furthermore, MKP-1 has an important role in T-ALL cell survival because its attenuation by short hairpin RNA significantly increased cell death under stress conditions. This protective function has a key role in vivo, as MKP-1-deficient cells showed impaired tumorigenicity. These results elucidate a novel mechanism downstream of Notch3 that controls the survival of T-ALL cells.
Collapse
|