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Das PJ, Mishra DK, Ghosh S, Avila F, Johnson GA, Chowdhary BP, Raudsepp T. Comparative organization and gene expression profiles of the porcine pseudoautosomal region. Cytogenet Genome Res 2013; 141:26-36. [PMID: 23735614 DOI: 10.1159/000351310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The pseudoautosomal region (PAR) has important biological functions in spermatogenesis, male fertility and early development. Even though pig (Sus scrofa, SSC) is an agriculturally and biomedically important species, and its genome is sequenced, current knowledge about the porcine PAR is sparse. Here we defined the PAR in SSCXp/Yp by demarcating the sequence of the pseudoautosomal boundary at X:6,743,567 bp in intron 3-4 of SHROOM2 and showed that SHROOM2 is truncated in SSCY. Cytogenetic mapping of 20 BAC clones containing 15 PAR and X-specific genes revealed that the pig PAR is largely collinear with other mammalian PARs or Xp terminal regions. The results improved the current SSCX sequence assembly and facilitated distinction between the PAR and X-specific genes to study their expression in adult and embryonic tissues. A pilot analysis showed that the PAR genes are expressed at higher levels than X-specific genes during early development, whereas the expression of PAR genes was higher at day 60 compared to day 26, and higher in embryonic tissues compared to placenta. The findings advance the knowledge about the comparative organization of the PAR in mammals and suggest that the region might have important functions in early development in pigs.
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Herod TP, Johnson GA. Military GP training-the future. JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL NAVAL MEDICAL SERVICE 2013; 99:156-158. [PMID: 24511807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
There is clearly a significant step from being a well-supported GP Registrar to being a fully independent GP in the NHS and this is even more apparent for a newly qualified Military GP There are many additional duties and responsibilities placed upon a Military GP that the current training curriculum and exams do not cover and which must be learnt post-CCT, whilst undertaking independent practice for the first time. Having a Military First 5 initiative for support during this time would no doubt be of some use, but having a dedicated period of training to re-militarise newly qualified Military GPs would provide an opportunity to improve and make more efficient the initial transition from training to independent practice. In the long term, incorporating as much as possible of this proposed period of post-CCT Military training into a 4th year of GP training would be the ideal. However, discussions between Surgeon General, the Defence Deanery and the RCGP would be required to define which training elements would be acceptable to be incorporated and there will no doubt be some aspects (e.g. weapons handling) that might be deemed unacceptable by the RCGP, and thus a period of post-CCT Military training may still be a key component of a longer term solution. The options for enhancing Military GP training warrant thorough exploration as they have the potential to provide significant benefit not only for future trainees but also for the military in general.
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Wing T, Gao H, Li X, Burghardt RC, Wu G, Bazer FW, Johnson GA. Expression and Regulation of Genes for Glucose and Arginine Transporters in Pig Uteri, Conceptuses, and Placentae. Biol Reprod 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/biolreprod/87.s1.415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Ying W, Wang X, Dunlap K, Short J, Satterfield MC, Burghardt R, Johnson GA, Ruiz-Gonzalez I, Antoniazzi AQ, Nett TM, Hansen TR, Bazer FW. Regulation of Expression and Consequences of Silencing Translation of Toll-Like Receptors 7 and 8 Messenger RNAs in the Ovine Uterus. Biol Reprod 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/biolreprod/87.s1.368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Wang X, Dunlap K, Satterfield M, Frank J, Li X, Ying W, Burghardt R, Johnson GA, Wu G, Antoniazzi AQ, Nett TM, Hansen TR, Bazer FW. Effects of In Vivo Knockdown of Translation of Arginine-Associated Gene Transcripts in Conceptus Trophectoderm on Growth, Development, and Gene Expression by Ovine Conceptuses. Biol Reprod 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/biolreprod/87.s1.394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Johnson GA, Frank JW, Burghardt RC, Bazer FW, Wu G. A Role for Osteopontin and Integrins in Nutrient Transport by Placentae. Biol Reprod 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/biolreprod/87.s1.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Bazer FW, Song G, Kim J, Erikson DW, Johnson GA, Burghardt RC, Gao H, Carey Satterfield M, Spencer TE, Wu G. Mechanistic mammalian target of rapamycin (MTOR) cell signaling: effects of select nutrients and secreted phosphoprotein 1 on development of mammalian conceptuses. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2012; 354:22-33. [PMID: 21907263 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2011.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2011] [Revised: 08/16/2011] [Accepted: 08/17/2011] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Morphological differentiation of uterine glands in mammals is a postnatal event vulnerable to adverse effects of endocrine disruptors. Exposure of ewe lambs to a progestin from birth to postnatal day 56 prevents development of uterine glands and, as adults, the ewes are unable to exhibit estrous cycles or maintain pregnancy. Uterine epithelia secrete proteins and transport nutrients into the uterine lumen necessary for conceptus development, pregnancy recognition signaling and implantation, including arginine and secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1). Arginine can be metabolized to nitric oxide and to polyamines or act directly to activate MTOR cell signaling to stimulate proliferation, migration, and mRNA translation in trophectoderm cells. SPP1 binds αvβ3 and α5β1 integrins and induces focal adhesion assembly, adhesion and migration of conceptus trophectoderm cells during implantation. Thus, arginine and SPP1 mediate growth, migration, cytoskeletal remodeling and adhesion of trophectoderm essential for pregnancy recognition signaling and implantation.
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Badea CT, Stanton IN, Johnston SM, Johnson GA, Therien MJ. Investigations on X-ray luminescence CT for small animal imaging. PROCEEDINGS OF SPIE--THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR OPTICAL ENGINEERING 2012; 8313:83130T. [PMID: 23227300 PMCID: PMC3515210 DOI: 10.1117/12.911465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
X-ray Luminescence CT (XLCT) is a hybrid imaging modality combining x-ray and optical imaging in which x-ray luminescent nanophosphors (NPs) are used as emissive imaging probes. NPs are easily excited using common CT energy x-ray beams, and the NP luminescence is efficiently collected using sensitive light based detection systems. XLCT can be recognized as a close analog to fluorescence diffuse optical tomography (FDOT). However, XLCT has remarkable advantages over FDOT due to the substantial excitation penetration depths provided by x-rays relative to laser light sources, long term photo-stability of NPs, and the ability to tune NP emission within the NIR spectral window. Since XCLT uses an x-ray pencil beam excitation, the emitted light can be measured and back-projected along the x-ray path during reconstruction, where the size of the X-ray pencil beam determines the resolution for XLCT. In addition, no background signal competes with NP luminescence (i.e., no auto fluorescence) in XLCT. Currently, no small animal XLCT system has been proposed or tested. This paper investigates an XLCT system built and integrated with a dual source micro-CT system. Two novel sampling paradigms that result in more efficient scanning are proposed and tested via simulations. Our preliminary experimental results in phantoms indicate that a basic CT-like reconstruction is able to recover a map of the NP locations and differences in NP concentrations. With the proposed dual source system and faster scanning approaches, XLCT has the potential to revolutionize molecular imaging in preclinical studies.
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Clark D, Johnson GA, Badea CT. Denoising of 4D Cardiac Micro-CT Data Using Median-Centric Bilateral Filtration. PROCEEDINGS OF SPIE--THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR OPTICAL ENGINEERING 2012; 8314. [PMID: 24386540 DOI: 10.1117/12.911478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Bilateral filtration has proven an effective tool for denoising CT data. The classic filter utilizes Gaussian domain and range weighting functions in 2D. More recently, other distributions have yielded more accurate results in specific applications, and the bilateral filtration framework has been extended to higher dimensions. In this study, brute-force optimization is employed to evaluate the use of several alternative distributions for both domain and range weighting: Andrew's Sine Wave, El Fallah Ford, Gaussian, Flat, Lorentzian, Huber's Minimax, Tukey's Bi-weight, and Cosine. Two variations on the classic bilateral filter which use median filtration to reduce bias in range weights are also investigated: median-centric and hybrid bilateral filtration. Using the 4D MOBY mouse phantom reconstructed with noise (stdev. ~ 65 HU), hybrid bilateral filtration, a combination of the classic and median-centric filters, with Flat domain and range weighting is shown to provide optimal denoising results (PSNRs: 31.69, classic; 31.58 median-centric; 32.25, hybrid). To validate these phantom studies, the optimal filters are also applied to in vivo, 4D cardiac micro-CT data acquired in the mouse. In a constant region of the left ventricle, hybrid bilateral filtration with Flat domain and range weighting is shown to provide optimal smoothing (stdev: original, 72.2 HU; classic, 20.3 HU; median-centric, 24.1 HU; hybrid, 15.9 HU). While the optimal results were obtained using 4D filtration, the 3D hybrid filter is ultimately recommended for denoising 4D cardiac micro-CT data because it is more computationally tractable and less prone to artifacts (MOBY PSNR: 32.05; left ventricle stdev: 20.5 HU).
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Bazer FW, Wu G, Johnson GA, Kim J, Song G. Uterine histotroph and conceptus development: select nutrients and secreted phosphoprotein 1 affect mechanistic target of rapamycin cell signaling in ewes. Biol Reprod 2011; 85:1094-107. [PMID: 21865556 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.111.094722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferon tau (IFNT), the pregnancy recognition signal in ruminants, abrogates the uterine luteolytic mechanism to ensure maintenance of function for the corpora lutea to produce progesterone (P4). IFNT also suppresses expression of classical IFN-stimulated genes by uterine lumenal epithelium (LE) and superficial glandular (sGE) epithelium but, acting in concert with progesterone, affects expression of a multitude of genes critical to growth and development of the conceptus. The LE and sGE secrete proteins and transport nutrients into the uterine lumen necessary for conceptus development, pregnancy recognition signaling, and implantation. Secretions include arginine and secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1). Arginine can be metabolized to nitric oxide and to polyamines or act directly to activate the mechanistic target of rapamycin cell signaling pathway to stimulate proliferation, migration, and mRNA translation in trophectoderm cells. SPP1 binds alphavbeta3 and alpha5beta1 integrins to induce focal adhesion assembly, adhesion, and migration of conceptus trophectoderm cells during implantation. Thus, arginine and SPP1 mediate growth, migration, cytoskeletal remodeling, and adhesion of trophectoderm essential for pregnancy recognition signaling and implantation. This minireview focuses on components of histotroph that affect conceptus development in the ewe.
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Gipson CL, Johnson GA, Fisher R, Stewart A, Giles G, Johnson JO, Tobias JD. Changes in cerebral oximetry during peritoneal insufflation for laparoscopic procedures. J Minim Access Surg 2011; 2:67-72. [PMID: 21170237 PMCID: PMC2997275 DOI: 10.4103/0972-9941.26651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2006] [Accepted: 07/17/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Changes in cardiac output may occur during insufflation for laparoscopic procedures. However, there are limited data regarding its potential effects on cerebral oxygenation. Materials and Methods: Cerebral oxygenation (ScO2), end tidal CO2, heart rate, blood pressure and oxygen saturation by pulse oximetry were recorded every 5 minutes prior to insufflation, during insufflation and after desufflation. Minute ventilation was increased to maintain normocapnia and the depth of anesthesia was adjusted or fluids/phenylephrine administered to maintain the blood pressure within 20% of the baseline. Results: The cohort for the study included 70 adults for laparoscopic herniorrhaphy, gastric bypass or cholecystectomy. A total of 1004 ScO2 values were obtained during laparoscopy. The ScO2 decreased from the baseline in 758 of the 1004 data points. The ScO2 was 0–9 less than the baseline in 47.8% of the values, 10–19 less than the baseline in 24.9% of the values and 20–29 less than the baseline in 26 values (2.6%). Eighty-two (8.2%) of the values were less than 80% of the baseline value, while 25 values (2.5%) were less than 75% of the baseline value. Twelve patients had at least one ScO2 value that was less than 80% of the baseline and 6 had at least one ScO2 value that was less than 75% of the baseline. Four patients of the cohort had ScO2 values less than 80% of the baseline for more than 50% of the laparoscopic procedure. Conclusions: Although relatively uncommon, significant changes in cerebral oxygenation do occur in some patients during insufflation for laparoscopic surgery.
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Andrews TG, Spencer TE, Wu G, Burghardt RC, Johnson GA, Bazer FW. Effects of mTORC2 on Ovine Conceptus Elongation and Implantation. Biol Reprod 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/biolreprod/85.s1.452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Frank JW, Li X, Erikson DW, White BG, Wu G, Bazer FW, Burghardt RC, Bayless KJ, Johnson GA. Integrin Av (ITGAV) Is Necessary for the Attachment of Trophoblast Cells to SPP1 (Osteopontin) to Mediate Adhesion of the Conceptus to the Uterus During Implantation in Pigs. Biol Reprod 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/biolreprod/85.s1.460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Chang G, Black EM, White BG, Frank JW, Burghardt RC, Johnson GA. Expression of Alpha-2-Beta-1 and Claudin-4 Protein at the Uterine-Placental Interface Suggests Roles in the Transport of Proteins and Nutrients from the Mother to Fetus in Pigs. Biol Reprod 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/biolreprod/85.s1.453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Kim J, Burghardt RC, Wu G, Johnson GA, Spencer TE, Bazer FW. Select Nutrients in the Ovine Uterine Lumen. IX. Differential Effects of Arginine, Leucine, Glutamine, and Glucose on Interferon Tau, Ornithine Decarboxylase, and Nitric Oxide Synthase in the Ovine Conceptus1. Biol Reprod 2011; 84:1139-47. [DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.110.088153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Bayless KJ, Johnson GA. Role of the cytoskeleton in formation and maintenance of angiogenic sprouts. J Vasc Res 2011; 48:369-85. [PMID: 21464572 DOI: 10.1159/000324751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2010] [Accepted: 01/10/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing structures, and is a key step in tissue and organ development, wound healing and pathological events. Changes in cell shape orchestrated by the cytoskeleton are integral to accomplishing the various steps of angiogenesis, and an intact cytoskeleton is also critical for maintaining newly formed structures. This review focuses on how the 3 main cytoskeletal elements--microfilaments, microtubules, and intermediate filaments--regulate the formation and maintenance of angiogenic sprouts. Multiple classes of compounds target microtubules and microfilaments, revealing much about the role of actin and tubulin and their associated molecules in angiogenic sprout formation and maintenance. In contrast, intermediate filaments are much less studied, yet intriguing evidence suggests a vital, but unresolved, role in angiogenic sprouting. This review discusses evidence for regulatory molecules and pharmacological compounds that affect actin, microtubule and intermediate filament dynamics to alter various steps of angiogenesis, including endothelial sprout formation and maintenance.
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Abad C, Antczak DF, Carvalho J, Chamley LW, Chen Q, Daher S, Damiano AE, Dantzer V, Díaz P, Dunk CE, Daly E, Escudero C, Falcón B, Guillomot M, Han YW, Harris LK, Huidobro-Toro JP, Illsley N, Jammes H, Jansson T, Johnson GA, Kfoury JR, Marín R, Murthi P, Novakovic B, Myatt L, Petroff MG, Pereira FTV, Pfarrer C, Redman CWG, Rice G, Saffery R, Tolosa JM, Vaillancourt C, Wareing M, Yuen R, Lash GE. IFPA Meeting 2010 Workshop Report I: Immunology; ion transport; epigenetics; vascular reactivity; epitheliochorial placentation; proteomics. Placenta 2011; 32 Suppl 2:S81-9. [PMID: 21227506 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2010.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2010] [Revised: 12/16/2010] [Accepted: 12/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Workshops are an important part of the IFPA annual meeting. At IFPA Meeting 2010 there were twelve themed workshops, six of which are summarized in this report. 1. The immunology workshop focused on normal and pathological functions of the maternal immune system in pregnancy. 2. The transport workshop dealt with regulation of ion and water transport across the syncytiotrophoblast of human placenta. 3. The epigenetics workshop covered DNA methylation and its potential role in regulating gene expression in placental development and disease. 4. The vascular reactivity workshop concentrated on methodological approaches used to study placental vascular function. 5. The workshop on epitheliochorial placentation covered current advances from in vivo and in vitro studies of different domestic species. 6. The proteomics workshop focused on a variety of techniques and procedures necessary for proteomic analysis and how they may be implemented for placental research.
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Kim JY, Burghardt RC, Wu G, Johnson GA, Spencer TE, Bazer FW. Select Nutrients in the Ovine Uterine Lumen. VIII. Arginine Stimulates Proliferation of Ovine Trophectoderm Cells Through MTOR-RPS6K-RPS6 Signaling Cascade and Synthesis of Nitric Oxide and Polyamines1. Biol Reprod 2011; 84:70-8. [DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.110.085753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Bazer FW, Spencer TE, Johnson GA, Burghardt RC. Uterine receptivity to implantation of blastocysts in mammals. Front Biosci (Schol Ed) 2011; 3:745-767. [PMID: 21196409 DOI: 10.2741/s184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Reproduction in mammals is a highly complex biological process. The critical importance of reproduction to propagation of species required the natural evolution of various strategies that vary considerably across species. Regardless of species, a dialogue between the developing conceptus (embryo-fetus and associated placental membranes) and maternal uterus must be established during the peri-implantation period. The uterus must provide a microenvironment that supports growth and development of the conceptus and is receptive to implantation. During the same period, the conceptus must provide its pregnancy recognition signaling to sustain the functional life of corpora lutea for production of progesterone which is essential for implantation and placentation; critical events for successful pregnancy. However, it is within the peri-implantation period that most embryonic deaths occur due to deficiencies attributed to uterine functions or to the failure of the conceptus to develop appropriately, signal pregnancy recognition and/or undergo implantation and placentation. The challenge is to understand the complexity of key mechanisms that are characteristic of successful reproduction in humans and animals and to use that knowledge to enhance fertility and reproductive health or to establish acceptable methods for control of fertility.
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Kim JY, Burghardt RC, Wu G, Johnson GA, Spencer TE, Bazer FW. Select Nutrients in the Ovine Uterine Lumen. VII. Effects of Arginine, Leucine, Glutamine, and Glucose on Trophectoderm Cell Signaling, Proliferation, and Migration1. Biol Reprod 2011; 84:62-9. [DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.110.085738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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Wu G, Bazer FW, Johnson GA, Knabe DA, Burghardt RC, Spencer TE, Li XL, Wang JJ. Triennial Growth Symposium: important roles for L-glutamine in swine nutrition and production. J Anim Sci 2010; 89:2017-30. [PMID: 21169511 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2010-3614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
L-Glutamine (Gln) has traditionally not been considered a nutrient needed in diets for livestock species or even mentioned in classic animal nutrition textbooks. This is due to previous technical difficulties in Gln analysis and the unsubstantiated assumption that animals can synthesize sufficient amounts of Gln to meet their needs. Consequently, the current (1998) version of NRC does not recommend dietary Gln requirements for swine. This lack of knowledge about Gln nutrition has contributed to suboptimal efficiency of global pig production. Because of recent advances in research, Gln is now known to be an abundant AA in physiological fluids and proteins and a key regulator of gene expression. Additionally, Gln can regulate cell signaling via the mammalian target of rapamycin pathway, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase, extracellular signal-related kinase, Jun kinase, mitogen-activated protein kinase, and nitric oxide. The exquisite integration of Gln-dependent regulatory networks has profound effects on cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, metabolism, homeostasis, survival, and function. As a result of translating basic research into practice, dietary supplementation with 1% Gln maintains gut health and prevents intestinal dysfunction in low-birth-weight or early-weaned piglets while increasing their growth performance and survival. In addition, supplementing 1% Gln to a corn- and soybean-meal-based diet between d 90 and 114 of gestation ameliorates fetal growth retardation in gilts and reduces preweaning mortality of piglets. Furthermore, dietary supplementation with 1% Gln enhances milk production by lactating sows. Thus, adequate amounts of dietary Gln, a major nutrient, are necessary to support the maximum growth, development, and production performance of swine.
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Bayless KJ, Erikson DW, Frank JW, Joyce MM, Burghardt RC, Bazer FW, Johnson GA. Recruitment and Modulation of Porcine Endothelial Progenitor Cells by Secreted Phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1, Osteopontin). Biol Reprod 2010. [DOI: 10.1093/biolreprod/83.s1.94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Johnson GA, Gao H, Li X, Halvorsen ML, Wu G, Burghardt RC, Bazer FW. Glucose, Amino Acids, and Their Transporters in Pig Uteri, Conceptuses, and Placentae. Biol Reprod 2010. [DOI: 10.1093/biolreprod/83.s1.441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Bazer FW, Kim J, Burghardt RC, Wu G, Johnson GA, Spencer TE. Arginine Stimulates Migration of Ovine Trophectoderm Cells Through the MTOR-RPS6-RPS6K Signaling Cascade and Synthesis of Nitric Oxide, Polyamines, and Interferon Tau. Biol Reprod 2010. [DOI: 10.1093/biolreprod/83.s1.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Erikson DW, Hsieh YH, Hayashi K, Burghardt RC, Bayless KJ, Chang PL, Johnson GA. SPP1 (Osteopontin) and SPARC (Osteonectin) May Interact Developmentally During Mouse Pregnancy. Biol Reprod 2010. [DOI: 10.1093/biolreprod/83.s1.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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