Serplulimab, a novel anti-PD-1 antibody, in patients with microsatellite instability-high solid tumours: an open-label, single-arm, multicentre, phase II trial

BACKGROUND

Microsatellite instability-high/mismatch repair-deficient (MSI-H/dMMR) tumours have a high response rate to immunotherapy. Antitumour activity and safety of serplulimab, a novel humanised anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody, were evaluated in this phase II study.

METHODS

In this ongoing, single-arm, open-label, phase II trial, patients with previously treated unresectable or metastatic MSI-H/dMMR solid tumours received intravenous serplulimab 3 mg/kg every 2 weeks for up to 52 cycles. The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR) assessed by an independent radiological review committee per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors v1.1. Secondary endpoints included additional efficacy measures, safety, and tolerability.

RESULTS

As of 9 January 2021, 108 patients were enrolled, and 68 patients with confirmed MSI-H solid tumours were included in the main efficacy analysis population (MEAP). The median follow-up duration in the MEAP was 7.7 months, with an ORR of 38.2% (95% confidence interval, 26.7-50.8). Of the 108 patients, grade ≥3 treatment-emergent adverse events were reported in 53 (49.1%) patients; immune-related adverse events occurred in 52 (48.1%) patients.

CONCLUSIONS

Serplulimab demonstrates a durable antitumour effect and a manageable safety profile in previously treated patients with MSI-H solid tumours. Serplulimab is a promising tissue-agnostic treatment for previously treated MSI-H solid tumours.

TRIAL REGISTRATION

NCT03941574.

Clinical efficacy of targeted therapy, immunotherapy combined with hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy (FOLFOX), and lipiodol embolization in the treatment of unresectable hepatocarcinoma

To evaluate the clinical efficacy of targeted therapy and immunotherapy combined with hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) of FOLFOX and lipiodol embolization in the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. Patients included in the study were those who received targeted therapy and immunotherapy combined with HAIC of FOLFOX and lipiodol embolization in Zhongshan People's Hospital from December 2020 to June 2021 for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. Evaluation indicators included objective response rate (ORR), median progression-free survival (mPFS), median duration of response (mDOR), 1-year overall survival rate (OS), surgical conversion rate, and adverse events. Treatment response was assessed using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (mRECIST and RECIST v1.1). A total of 35 patients were included in this study, 30 of whom completed treatment evaluation. According to mRECIST evaluation criteria, the objective response rate (ORR) was 83.3% (25/30); the complete response (CR) was 60% (18/30); the partial response (PR) was 23.3% (7/30), and stable disease (SD) was 16.7% (5/30). The mDOR was 10.3 months (95% Cl: 8.27-NE), and the mPFS was 13.2 months (95% CI: 10.3-NE); the surgical conversion rate was 30.0% (9/30). The 1-year OS was 96.7%. There were no serious surgical complications and grade 4 or 5 adverse events of targeted therapy, immunotherapy and HAIC. Some patients had grade 3 adverse reactions in gastrointestinal toxicity or hepatotoxicity, and the adverse reactions were improved after corresponding symptomatic treatment. We concluded that HAIC of FOLFOX and lipiodol embolization combined with targeted therapy and immunotherapy had a significant curative effect in the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma, with no serious adverse reactions and a high rate of surgical conversion rate.

[Research progress of the role of iris characteristics in angle closure]

Glaucoma is a kind of optic nerve degenerative disease characterized by both depressed atrophy of optic nerve and visual field defect. In Asia, the number of patients with primary Angle closure glaucoma (PACG) is increasing year by year, posing serious impact on the life quality of patients. Angle closure is the pathogenic basis of PACG. Early identification of the risk factors for Angle closure and control on its progression are crucial to the prognosis of PACG. With the continuous in-depth study of the iris in recent years, it has been found that the changes in iris volume are also important dynamic risk factor for PACG. This paper summarizes the latest research results of both domestic and overseas, describes and summarizes the histology, biological characteristics, surface features, vascular configuration and genomics of the iris, and further analyzes the role of iris characteristics in angle closure in details, in order to provide a reference for the clinical diagnosis and research work.

[Effect of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation on minimal residual disease in patients with multiple myeloma]

Objective: To evaluate the effect of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) on minimal residual disease (MRD) in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). Method: From August 2018 to August 2021, 92 patients newly diagnosed with MM who had received either the bortezomib combined with cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone (VCD) or the bortezomib, lenalidomide and dexamethasone (VRD) induction regimens followed by sequential ASCT were assessed for overall survival (OS) and the MRD negative rate. The differences in efficacy at 100 days after transplantation were assessed according to factors, including age, risk stratification, target organ damage, and pre-transplant regimen, etc. Results: Among the 92 patients, there were 45 males and 47 females, with a median age of 57.3 (35-67) years. Fifty-seven patients received the VCD regimen, and 35 received VRD as induction regimen. Forty-three patients received busulphan combined with cyclophosphamide and etoposide (BCV), and 49 patients received high-dose melphan (HDM) regimen as pre-transplantation treatment. After transplantation, the total complete remission (CR) rate of 92 patients increased from 23.9% (22/92) to 58.7% (54/92), and the MRD negative rate increased from 4.4% (4/92) to 33.7% (31/92), and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). After transplantation, the MRD negative rates of patients with PR, VGPR and ≥CR before transplantation were 17.6% (6/34), 33.3% (12/36) and 59.1% (13/22), respectively (P=0.006). The CR rates of patients with or without plasmacytoma at initial diagnosis were 36.4% (4/11) and 65.4% (53/81), respectively (P=0.029), and the MRD negative rates were 18.2% (2/11) and 39.5% (32/81), respectively (P=0.037), and the differences were statistically significant. The MRD negative rates in high-risk patients and standard-risk group were 30.5% (12/28) and 42.9% (18/59), respectively (P=0.258). For patients who achieved efficacy above VGPR before transplantation, the MRD negative rates after transplantation in VCD-induced group and VRD group were 29% (9/31) and 59.3% (16/27), respectively (P=0.033), and in BCV group and HDM group were 24% (6/25) and 57.6% (19/33), respectively (P=0.016), the differences between the groups were both statistically significant. Conclusion: ASCT can overcome the adverse factors such as high-risk cytogenetic abnormalities, and significantly improve the CR rate and MRD negative rate of MM patients. However, the benefit for patients with plasmacytoma at initial diagnosis is not as good as that of patients without.

Nimotuzumab combined with gemcitabine versus gemcitabine in K-RAS wild-type locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer: A prospective, randomized-controlled, double-blinded, multicenter, and phase III clinical trial

LBA4011

Background: Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal malignancies diagnosed at an advanced stage, and current treatment regimens are ineffective, with only 6-8 months of median overall survival (mOS). The present study aims to assess the clinical efficacy and safety of nimotuzumab (anti-EGFR humanized monoclonal antibody) combined with gemcitabine in K-Ras wild-type patients with locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer. Methods: Patients with locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer were randomized to receive nimotuzumab (400 mg, every one week) followed by gemcitabine (1000 mg/m2 on days 1, 8, and 15, every four weeks), or placebo plus gemcitabine until progression or unacceptable toxicity. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS), and secondary endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), and safety. Use restricted mean survival time (RMST)-Log function to analyze the survival benefits when the proportional hazards assumption is untrue. Results: A total of 92 Chinese patients were randomly assigned to the nimotuzumab- gemcitabine (n = 46) or placebo-gemcitabine group (n = 46). In the full analysis set (FAS, n = 82), the mOS was significantly longer in the nimotuzumab-gemcitabine group (10.9 vs. 8.5 months, p = 0.025 by RMST-Log test, hazard ratio [HR], 0.50, 95% Confidence Interval [CI], 0.06 to 0.94). The one-year survival rate was 43.6% in the nimotuzumab-gemicitabine group vs. 26.8% in the placebo-gemicitabine group, and 13.9% vs. 2.7% at three years. Subgroup analyses showed more survival benefit in patients without treatment of biliary obstruction (11.9 vs. 8.5 months, HR = 0.54, 95%CI 0.33-0.88, p = 0.037) and no surgical history (15.8 vs. 6.0 months, HR = 0.40, 95%CI 0.19-0.84). The median progression-free survival (mPFS) was 4.2 months in the nimotuzumab-gemicitabine group, as compared with 3.6 months in the placebo-gemicitabine group (HR = 0.56; 95% CI, 0.12 to 0.99; p = 0.013 ); Patients without treatment of biliary obstruction had significantly longer PFS (5.5 vs. 3.4 months; p = 0.008 ). No statistical difference in the ORR between the two groups ( p > 0.05). Nimotuzumab was safe and the incidence of adverse events in the nimotuzumab-gemicitabine group is similar to placbo-gemicitabine group. The most common grade 3 TRAEs in Nim-Gem group were neutropenia (11.1%), leukopenia (8.9%) and thrombocytopenia (6.7%). No grade 4 TRAEs. Conclusions: Nimotuzumab combined with gemcitabine increases OS and PFS in patients with K-Ras wild-type locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer, particularly for those without treatment of biliary obstruction. The safety profile of nimotuzumab is similar to placebo. Clinical trial information: 02395016.

CPGJ602 plus mFOLFOX6 as first-line treatment for patients with KRAS/NRAS/BRAF wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer: A randomized phase II study

3574

Background: CPGJ602 is a recombinant anti-EGFR human-mouse chimeric monoclonal antibody. CPGJ602 plus modified fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin (mFOLFOX6) may have efficacy in KRAS/NRAS/BRAF wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer. Methods: In this open-label, randomized trial, patients who had received no previous treatment were randomly assigned (2:2:1) to receive CPGJ60（325mg/m2, q2w) plus mFOLFOX6 (biweekly group), CPGJ602 (400 mg/m 2 initial dose followed by 250 mg/m2 /week thereafter) plus mFOLFOX6 (weekly group) or cetuximab (400 mg/m2 initial dose followed by 250 mg/m2 /week thereafter) plus mFOLFOX6 (cetuximab group). All subjects received treatment up to 16 weeks. The primary endpoint was the best overall response (BOR) at 16 weeks. The second endpoints were DCR, DOR, PFS, safety. Results: As of Dec 30, 2021, 76 patients were enrolled (30 in biweekly group, 32 in weekly group and 14 in control group). The best overall response achieved at 16 weeks was 76.7% (23/30, 95% CI 60.3% - 92.0%),78.1% (25/32, 95% CI 62.5% - 92.5%) and 78.6% (11/14, 95% CI 49.2% - 95.3%) in the biweekly group, weekly group and cetuximab group, respectively. The confirmed overall response rate at 16 weeks was 60%(18/30), 71.9%(23/32) and 57.1%(8/14) in the biweekly group, weekly group and cetuximab group, respectively. The PFS rates at 16 weeks were 81.5% (95% CI 57.7% -92.6%), 96.8% (95% CI 79.2%-99.5%), 81.3% (95% CI 41.5%- 95.2%) in the biweekly group, weekly group and cetuximab group, respectively. The most common adverse events were a decreased neutrophil count (60%，78.1% and 71.4% in the biweekly group, weekly group and cetuximab group respectively), decreased white-cell count (53.3%, 78.1% and 71.4% respectively), decreased platelet count (40.0%, 40.6% and 42.9% respectively), and elevated serum aspartate aminotransferase (43.3%, 37.5% and 35.7% respectively). Conclusions: CPGJ602 plus mFOLFOX6 could be an option for KRAS/NRAS/BRAF wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer. Clinical trial information: NCT04466254.

First-in-human, phase I study of AK109, an anti-VEGFR2 antibody, in patients (pts) with advanced or metastatic solid tumors

3021

Background: AK109 is a fully-human monoclonal antibody that specifically binds to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), thereby block vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/VEGFR2 signaling pathway to inhibit angiogenesis, endothelial cell migration and proliferation of tumor cells. This phase I study is the first-in-human trial of AK109, which was designed to evaluate safety, tolerability of AK109, to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), recommend phase II dose (RP2D) and to gain preliminary data on pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics, immunogenicity and clinical activity for AK109 in pts with advanced or metastatic solid tumors resistant to standard therapies (NCT04547205). Methods: This open-label, multi-center, phase I study included a dose escalation phase (part 1) using a 3+3 design to determine MTD and potential RP2D (n = 36 max), with planned dosing of 2, 4, 8, 12 and 18 mg/kg q2w and 15mg q3w, followed by a dose expansion phase (part 2), at 2 potential RP2Ds in q2w or q3w respectively (n = 24-30). The PK characteristics, dose limiting toxicity (DLT), adverse events per CTCAE 5.0 and efficacy (ORR, DCR, DoR, PFS per RECIST v1.1, OS, etc.) of AK109 were evaluated. Results: As of December 30th, 2021 (median follow-up: 6.0 months), 40 pts (median age: 59.5 years) were enrolled, 16 pts in part 1 and 24 pts in part 2. No DLT was observed AK109 in part 1. Tumor types included gastric cancer (n = 9), non-small cell lung cancer (n = 8), hepatocellular carcinoma (n = 8), colorectal cancer (n = 5), pancreatic carcinoma (n = 2) and oesophagus cancer (n = 2), etc. Preliminary PK analyses showed systemic exposure in Cmax and AUClast increased dose proportionally at doses of 8 mg/kg and above, with a mean half-life of 8.5 to 10 days. 12mg/kg q2w and 15mg/kg q3w were selected as RP2Ds. Average exposure of AK109 was 6.9 cycles. Eight pts received over 10 cycles of AK109. Treatment related adverse events(TRAE) occurred in 38 (95%) of all pts. Grade 3 and 4 TRAE occurred in 16 (40%) of all pts. The most common TRAEs were proteinuria (22/40, 55%), hypertension (13/40, 32.5%) and AST increased (11/40, 27.5%). Serious adverse event (SAE) occurred in 11 (27.5%) pts, 2 (5%) of which were AK109 related. ORR and DCR were 10.0% and 62.5%, respectively. The median PFS of non-small cell lung cancer (n = 8) and gastric cancer (n = 9) were 5.6 months (95% CI, 1.3, NE) and 5.5 months (95% CI, 1.4, NE), respectively. Conclusions: AK109 showed manageable safety and promising anti-tumor activity. Two phase II studies of AK109 combined with AK104 (anti PD-1/CTLA-4 bi-specific antibody) are ongoing to evaluate the efficacy of AK109 combined with AK104 in patients with multiple solid tumors (NCT05142423, NCT04982276). Clinical trial information: NCT04547205.

Updated efficacy and safety results from the phase 2 study of serplulimab, a novel anti-PD-1 antibody, in patients with previously treated unresectable or metastatic microsatellite instability-high or mismatch repair-deficient solid tumors

2592

Background: Serplulimab is a novel humanized monoclonal antibody against PD-1. At ASCO 2021, we have presented the results from the phase 2 serplulimab study (NCT03941574) in patients with unresectable/metastatic microsatellite instability-high or mismatch repair-deficient (MSI-H/dMMR) solid tumors who have progressed on or been intolerant to standard therapies with a median follow-up of 7.7 months. Here, we report the updated efficacy and safety results together with the results from sensitivity analysis after another 6-month follow-up. Methods: In this single-arm, open-label, multicenter, phase 2 study, patients aged 18–75 years with histologically or cytologically confirmed unresectable or metastatic MSI-H/dMMR solid tumors were enrolled to receive 3 mg/kg of intravenous serplulimab every two weeks for up to two years. The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR) assessed by an independent radiological review committee (IRRC) per RECIST v1.1. Secondary endpoints included ORR assessed by the investigators, duration of response (DoR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and safety. Results: As of July 10, 2021, 108 patients had received at least one dose of study treatment and were included in the safety set (SS). Among them, 68 patients with confirmed MSI-H (by local sites or central lab) were included in the main efficacy analysis population (MEAP); 58 patients with confirmed MSI-H (by central lab) and had no major protocol deviations were included in the sensitivity analysis population (SAP). The median follow-up duration was 13.5 months in the MEAP and 14.0 months in the SAP. IRRC-assessed ORR per RECIST v1.1 was 39.7% (95% CI 28.0–52.3; 3 complete response [CR]) in the MEAP and 43.1% (95% CI 30.2–56.8; 2 CR) in the SAP. Investigator-assessed ORRs were 38.2% (95% CI 26.7–50.8; 1 CR) and 41.4% (95% CI 28.6–55.1; 1 CR) in the MEAP and the SAP, respectively. Median DoR, PFS, and OS were not reached; 12-month OS rate was 74.5% (95% CI 62.2–83.3) in the MEAP and 82.4% (95% CI 69.7–90.1) in the SAP. In the SS, 57 (52.8%) patients had grade ≥3 treatment-emergent adverse events, most commonly anemia (9.3%). Thirteen (12.0%) patients had grade ≥3 immune-related adverse events. Three (2.8%) deaths (2 progressive disease and 1 intestinal obstruction) that might be related to serplulimab were reported. Conclusions: The encouraging antitumor activity and the manageable safety profile sustained after a longer duration of follow-up, supporting the further development of serplulimab as a potential tissue-agnostic antitumor treatment. Clinical trial information: NCT03941574.

A phase Ib/II, multicenter, open-label study of AK104, a PD-1/CTLA-4 bispecific antibody, combined with chemotherapy (chemo) as first-line therapy for advanced gastric (G) or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) cancer

308

Background: Anti-PD-1 agent plus chemo as first-line therapy for advanced G/GEJ cancer (Checkmate-649) yields OS and PFS benefits compared to chemo alone, indicating synergistic activity between immune checkpoint inhibitors and chemo. The combination of anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 has consistently demonstrated higher response rate compared to PD-1 monotherapy but higher toxicity. Here, we performed this phase Ib/II study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of AK104, a PD-1/CTLA-4 bispecific antibody, combined with XELOX (capecitabine combined with oxaliplatin) or modified XELOX (mXELOX) in the first-setting of G/GEJ cancer cohorts. This study is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03852251). Methods: Pts with unresectable advanced G/GEJ adenocarcinoma and no prior systemic therapy, regardless of PD-L1 status were enrolled, excluding known HER2-positive pts. Enrolled patients received AK104 (4 mg/kg, 6 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, Q2W or 10 mg/kg, 15mg/kg Q3W) + chemo (mXELOX Q2W or XELOX Q3W). The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR) based on Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors version 1.1 (RECIST v1.1). Results: As of 13 Aug 2021, 96 pts were enrolled with median age 62.7 years (range: 29–75), 70.8% male, 62.5% ECOG PS 1, 44.8% liver metastasis. The median follow-up was 9.95 months (range, 0.4-26.8). 88 patients (92%) had at least one post-baseline tumor evaluation. The ORR was 65.9% (58/88) with 2 (2.3%) complete responses and 56 (63.6%) partial responses. The disease control rate (DCR) was 92.0% (81/88). The median duration of response (DoR) was 6.93 months (95%CI, 4.60 to 11.20). The median PFS was 7.10 months (95%CI, 5.55 to 10.48). The median OS was 17.41 months (95%CI, 12.35 to NE). In pts with PD-L1 CPS≥1 vs CPS＜1, median OS was 17.41 months and 14.65 months, respectively. Treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) occurred in 97.9% of pts, and the most frequent were platelet count decreased (60.4%), white blood cell count decreased (58.3%), neutrophil count decreased (56.3%), anaemia (47.9%), nausea (30.2%), vomiting (30.2%), aspartate aminotransferase increased (30.2%). Grade ≥3 TRAEs occurred in 62.5% pts. No new safety signals were identified. Conclusions: AK104 in combination with mXELOX/XELOX showed promising activity and manageable safety in previously untreated pts with advanced G/GEJ adenocarcinoma. AK104 + chemo represents a potential new first-line treatment option for these pts. A phase III study of AK104 combined with chemo as first-line therapy for G/GEJ cancer is underway. Clinical trial information: NCT03852251.

PERK signaling activation restores nucleus pulposus degeneration by activating autophagy under hypoxia environment

OBJECTIVES

Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is an important disease with no efficient biological therapy identified. Autophagy, a wildly known therapeutic target for human disease, has been demonstrated to be activated under hypoxia, with underlying mechanism remains elusive. Thus, this study aims to specify the role of autophagy in IVD degeneration, the regulating mechanism of hypoxia-inducing autophagy, and the therapeutic value of autophagy for IVD degeneration.

METHODS

RNA-seq was used to screen the primary pathway affected in NP cells under hypoxia, the specific link between hypoxia and autophagy were investigated using ChIP-seq and dual luciferase reporter assay. Conditional ATG7 knockout mice (ATG7^-/-) were constructed for assessing the effect of autophagy on IVD degeneration, and puncture induced mice model of IVD degeneration were used for intradiscal injection to evaluate the therapeutic value of autophagy.

RESULTS

We demonstrated that hypoxia induces autophagy by transcriptional activation of autophagic gene LC3B and ATG7, which is controlled by PERK signaling. Then, we observed that inhibiting autophagy or PERK signaling leads to impaired NP cell viability and function, furthermore, using ATG7 knockout (ATG7^-/-) mice, we identified the protective role of autophagy in IVD. Furthermore, we found that intradiscal injection of PERK signaling agonist, CCT020312, significantly restores the degeneration level of needle punctured mice IVD.

CONCLUSION

We showed that the activation of PERK signaling upon hypoxia serves as a vital mechanism to induce autophagy and identified the therapeutic value of PERK signaling agonist for IVD degeneration treatment.

Safety and efficacy of dendritic cell-based immunotherapy (DCVAC/LuCa) combined with carboplatin/pemetrexed for patients with advanced non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer without oncogenic drivers

Background

Our prospective, open-label, single-arm phase II study investigated the safety and efficacy of DCVAC/LuCa (dendritic cell vaccines for lung cancer) combined with standard carboplatin/pemetrexed in advanced non-squamous (nsq) non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Patients and methods

Eligible patients had stage IV nsq NSCLC without oncogenic drivers and had not received prior systemic cancer therapy. Treatment consisted of carboplatin/pemetrexed for up to 6 cycles followed by 21 cycles of pemetrexed maintenance or until progression or intolerance. Non-progression patients after two cycles of chemotherapy started to receive DCVAC/LuCa subcutaneously (s.c.) on day 15 of cycle 3, and thereafter q3w (day 15 of chemotherapy cycles) for up to 15 doses. Dosing of DCVAC/LuCa s.c. varied among patients depending on the baseline number of leucocytes but remained constant for each single patient. Safety was assessed by adverse events (AEs), treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs), serious adverse events (SAEs), and adverse events of special interest (AESIs). Efficacy was measured by overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), time to progression (TTP), and objective response rate (ORR).

Results

Sixty-one patients were enrolled. In the safety population (n = 60), eight patients (13.33%) had grade 3 or greater TRAEs, and six patients (10.0%) showed SAEs which were not related to leukapheresis or DC vaccination. Six grade 1 AEs were considered to be related to leukapheresis. No AESIs or DCVAC/LuCa-induced AEs were observed. The 2-year survival rate in the modified intention-to-treat population (n = 44) was 52.57%. Median OS was not reached. Median PFS was 8.0 months, median TTP was 10.2 months, and the ORR was 31.82%.

Conclusion

In treatment-naïve stage IV nsq NSCLC patients without oncogenic drivers, the combination of carboplatin/pemetrexed and DCVAC/LuCa was well tolerated and showed promising efficacy. Therefore, a study to prove our immunotherapeutic concept in a randomized phase III trial is planned.

•

We investigated the safety and efficacy of DCVAC/LuCa combined with standard carboplatin/pemetrexed in nsq NSCLC.

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The combination therapy showed a favorable tolerability profile in a selected Chinese population.

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The 2-year survival rate in the modified intention-to-treat population (n = 44) was 52.57%.