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Preece R, Burgess JM, von Kienlin A, Bhat PN, Briggs MS, Byrne D, Chaplin V, Cleveland W, Collazzi AC, Connaughton V, Diekmann A, Fitzpatrick G, Foley S, Gibby M, Giles M, Goldstein A, Greiner J, Gruber D, Jenke P, Kippen RM, Kouveliotou C, McBreen S, Meegan C, Paciesas WS, Pelassa V, Tierney D, van der Horst AJ, Wilson-Hodge C, Xiong S, Younes G, Yu HF, Ackermann M, Ajello M, Axelsson M, Baldini L, Barbiellini G, Baring MG, Bastieri D, Bellazzini R, Bissaldi E, Bonamente E, Bregeon J, Brigida M, Bruel P, Buehler R, Buson S, Caliandro GA, Cameron RA, Caraveo PA, Cecchi C, Charles E, Chekhtman A, Chiang J, Chiaro G, Ciprini S, Claus R, Cohen-Tanugi J, Cominsky LR, Conrad J, D'Ammando F, de Angelis A, de Palma F, Dermer CD, Desiante R, Digel SW, Di Venere L, Drell PS, Drlica-Wagner A, Favuzzi C, Franckowiak A, Fukazawa Y, Fusco P, Gargano F, Gehrels N, Germani S, Giglietto N, Giordano F, Giroletti M, Godfrey G, Granot J, Grenier IA, Guiriec S, Hadasch D, Hanabata Y, Harding AK, Hayashida M, Iyyani S, Jogler T, Jóhannesson G, Kawano T, Knödlseder J, Kocevski D, Kuss M, Lande J, Larsson J, Larsson S, Latronico L, Longo F, Loparco F, Lovellette MN, Lubrano P, Mayer M, Mazziotta MN, Michelson PF, Mizuno T, Monzani ME, Moretti E, Morselli A, Murgia S, Nemmen R, Nuss E, Nymark T, Ohno M, Ohsugi T, Okumura A, Omodei N, Orienti M, Paneque D, Perkins JS, Pesce-Rollins M, Piron F, Pivato G, Porter TA, Racusin JL, Rainò S, Rando R, Razzano M, Razzaque S, Reimer A, Reimer O, Ritz S, Roth M, Ryde F, Sartori A, Scargle JD, Schulz A, Sgrò C, Siskind EJ, Spandre G, Spinelli P, Suson DJ, Tajima H, Takahashi H, Thayer JG, Thayer JB, Tibaldo L, Tinivella M, Torres DF, Tosti G, Troja E, Usher TL, Vandenbroucke J, Vasileiou V, Vianello G, Vitale V, Werner M, Winer BL, Wood KS, Zhu S. The First Pulse of the Extremely Bright GRB 130427A: A Test Lab for Synchrotron Shocks. Science 2014; 343:51-4. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1242302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Kiyama M, Morishita N, Tajima H. ETHICAL ISSUES FOR JAPANESE NURSES IN END-OF-LIFE CARE: FROM ANALYSIS OF THE ANGUISH OF NURSES IN AN ACUTE WARD. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2013-000491.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Ninomiya I, Osugi H, Fujimura T, Fushida S, Okamoto K, Maruzen S, Oyama K, Kinoshita J, Tsukada T, Kitagawa H, Takamura H, Nakagawara H, Tajima H, Hayashi H, Makino I, Ohta T. Thoracoscopic esophagectomy with extended lymph node dissection in the left lateral position: technical feasibility and oncologic outcomes. Dis Esophagus 2013; 27:159-67. [PMID: 23551804 DOI: 10.1111/dote.12071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to estimate the technical and oncologic feasibility of video-assisted thoracoscopic radical esophagectomy (VATS) in the left lateral position. From January 2003 to December 2011, 132 patients with esophageal cancer underwent VATS. The mean duration of the thoracic procedure and the entire procedure was 294 ± 88 and 623 ± 123 minutes, respectively. Mean blood loss during the thoracic procedure and the entire procedure was 313 ± 577 and 657 ± 719 g, respectively. The mean number of dissected thoracic lymph nodes was 32.6 ± 12.9. There were four in-hospital deaths (3.0%); two patients (1.5%) died of acute respiratory distress syndrome and two patients (1.5%) died of tumor progression. Postoperative unilateral or bilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) palsy, or pneumonia was found in 33 (25.0%), 21 (15.9%), and 27(20.5%) patients, respectively. The patients were divided into the first 66 patients who underwent VATS (Group 1) and the subsequent 66 patients (Group 2). The numbers of cases who underwent neoadjuvant or induction chemotherapy for T4 tumor and intrathoracic anastomosis were higher in Group 2 than in Group 1. The duration of the procedure, amount of blood loss, and the number of dissected thoracic lymph nodes were not different between the two groups. The total number of dissected lymph nodes was higher in Group 2 than in Group 1 (72.6 ± 27.8 vs. 62.6 ± 21.6, P = 0.023). The rate of bilateral RLN palsy was less in Group 2 than in Group 1 (7.6% vs. 24.2%, P = 0.042). The mean follow-up period was 38.7 months. Primary recurrence consisted of hematogenous, lymphatic, peritoneal dissemination, pleural dissemination, and locoregional in 15 (11.3%), 20 (15.1%), 3 (2.3%), 4 (3.0%), and 5 patients (3.8%), respectively. The rate of regional lymph node recurrence within the dissection field was only 4.5%. The prognosis of patients with lymph node metastasis was significantly poorer than that of patients without lymph node metastasis. However, the prognosis of the 11 cases that had metastasis only around RLNs was similar to that of node-negative cases. Thirteen patients with pathological remnant tumor (R1 or R2) did not survive longer than 5 years at present. The overall 5-year survival rate of stage I, II, and III disease after curative VATS was 82.2%, 77.0%, and 52.3%, respectively. Expansion of VATS criteria for patients after induction chemotherapy for T4 tumor or thoracoscopic anastomosis did not adversely affect the surgical results by experience. Although the VATS procedure is accompanied by a certain degree of morbidity including RLN palsy and pulmonary complications, VATS has an excellent locoregional control effect. In addition, the favorable survival after VATS shows that the procedure is oncologically feasible.
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Ackermann M, Ajello M, Allafort A, Baldini L, Ballet J, Barbiellini G, Baring MG, Bastieri D, Bechtol K, Bellazzini R, Blandford RD, Bloom ED, Bonamente E, Borgland AW, Bottacini E, Brandt TJ, Bregeon J, Brigida M, Bruel P, Buehler R, Busetto G, Buson S, Caliandro GA, Cameron RA, Caraveo PA, Casandjian JM, Cecchi C, Celik O, Charles E, Chaty S, Chaves RCG, Chekhtman A, Cheung CC, Chiang J, Chiaro G, Cillis AN, Ciprini S, Claus R, Cohen-Tanugi J, Cominsky LR, Conrad J, Corbel S, Cutini S, D'Ammando F, de Angelis A, de Palma F, Dermer CD, do Couto e Silva E, Drell PS, Drlica-Wagner A, Falletti L, Favuzzi C, Ferrara EC, Franckowiak A, Fukazawa Y, Funk S, Fusco P, Gargano F, Germani S, Giglietto N, Giommi P, Giordano F, Giroletti M, Glanzman T, Godfrey G, Grenier IA, Grondin MH, Grove JE, Guiriec S, Hadasch D, Hanabata Y, Harding AK, Hayashida M, Hayashi K, Hays E, Hewitt JW, Hill AB, Hughes RE, Jackson MS, Jogler T, Johannesson G, Johnson AS, Kamae T, Kataoka J, Katsuta J, Knodlseder J, Kuss M, Lande J, Larsson S, Latronico L, Lemoine-Goumard M, Longo F, Loparco F, Lovellette MN, Lubrano P, Madejski GM, Massaro F, Mayer M, Mazziotta MN, McEnery JE, Mehault J, Michelson PF, Mignani RP, Mitthumsiri W, Mizuno T, Moiseev AA, Monzani ME, Morselli A, Moskalenko IV, Murgia S, Nakamori T, Nemmen R, Nuss E, Ohno M, Ohsugi T, Omodei N, Orienti M, Orlando E, Ormes JF, Paneque D, Perkins JS, Pesce-Rollins M, Piron F, Pivato G, Raino S, Rando R, Razzano M, Razzaque S, Reimer A, Reimer O, Ritz S, Romoli C, Sanchez-Conde M, Schulz A, Sgro C, Simeon PE, Siskind EJ, Smith DA, Spandre G, Spinelli P, Stecker FW, Strong AW, Suson DJ, Tajima H, Takahashi H, Takahashi T, Tanaka T, Thayer JG, Thayer JB, Thompson DJ, Thorsett SE, Tibaldo L, Tibolla O, Tinivella M, Troja E, Uchiyama Y, Usher TL, Vandenbroucke J, Vasileiou V, Vianello G, Vitale V, Waite AP, Werner M, Winer BL, Wood KS, Wood M, Yamazaki R, Yang Z, Zimmer S. Detection of the Characteristic Pion-Decay Signature in Supernova Remnants. Science 2013; 339:807-11. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1231160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 508] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Vu QV, Wada T, Toma T, Tajima H, Maeda M, Tanaka R, Oh-Ishi T, Yachie A. Clinical and immunophenotypic features of atypical complete DiGeorge syndrome. Pediatr Int 2013; 55:2-6. [PMID: 22978387 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-200x.2012.03722.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2012] [Revised: 08/10/2012] [Accepted: 08/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND DiGeorge syndrome is a congenital malformation characterized by variable defects of the thymus, heart and parathyroid glands. Athymic patients are classified as exhibiting complete DiGeorge syndrome. Some of these patients may also exhibit oligoclonal T-cell expansion, generalized rash and lymphadenopathy at some point after birth. This rare condition is known as atypical complete DiGeorge syndrome, resembles Omenn syndrome, and has not been fully characterized. METHODS The clinical and immunophenotypic features of atypical complete DiGeorge syndrome were assessed in two affected Japanese infants. T-cell receptor (TCR) Vβ repertoire was analyzed on flow cytometry and complementarity-determining region 3 spectratyping. RESULTS Both patients had no detectable thymus tissue and profound T-cell lymphopenia soon after birth. Progressive increase of activated T cells, however, as well as eosinophilia, high serum IgE level, generalized rash, and lymphadenopathy were observed during early infancy. A highly restricted TCR Vβ repertoire was demonstrated both in CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells. CONCLUSIONS The Omenn syndrome-like manifestations might be associated with the oligoclonal proliferation of activated T cells. Analysis of the immunophenotype and TCR Vβ repertoire is helpful to establish the early diagnosis of atypical complete DiGeorge syndrome.
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Ohta T, Futagami F, Tajima H, Kitagawa H, Kayahara M, Nagakawa T, Miwa K, Yamamoto M, Iseki S, Nakanuma Y, Terada T. Inhibitory effect of a serine protease inhibitor, FOY-305 on the invasion and metastasis of human pancreatic cancers. Int J Oncol 2012; 11:813-7. [PMID: 21528279 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.11.4.813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined the inhibitory effect of a serine protease inhibitor, FOY-305, on the invasion and metastasis of human pancreatic cancers. The in vitro matrigel invasion assay showed that the invasiveness of Capan-1 human pancreatic cancer cells was inhibited by FOY-305 treatment in a dose-dependent manner at concentrations greater than 100 nM. Intrasplenic injection of Capan-1 cells in nude mice resulted in frequent metastases to liver, however, its incidence was significantly decreased by FOY-305 treatment. These findings suggest that a serine protease inhibitor, FOY-305 can inhibit tumor invasion and metastasis by blocking the serine protease-mediated activation cascade.
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Ohta T, Terada T, Nagakawa T, Tajima H, Kanno M, Sodani H, Miyazaki I. Differential expression of pancreatic trypsinogen and cathepsin-B in human scirrhous-type and intestinal-type gastric carcinomas. Oncol Rep 2012; 1:203-8. [PMID: 21607337 DOI: 10.3892/or.1.1.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic trypsinogen and cathepsin B expression was evaluated in 44 surgically resected gastric carcinomas by immunohistochemical analysis. Carcinomatous tissues were subjected to immunohistochemical staining with a monoclonal antibody against human pancreatic trypsinogen and a polyclonal antibody against human cathepsin B. As a result, twenty-two of 24 scirrhous-type gastric carcinomas (92%) expressed pancreatic trypsinogen intensely and diffusely in a fine granular pattern over the entire cytoplasm of carcinoma cells. In contrast, only 5 of 20 intestinal-type gastric carcinomas (25%) reacted with the trypsinogen specific antibody and then only focally, in a fine granular pattern in the supra-nuclear cytoplasm of carcinoma cells. Cathepsin B expression was detected in 20 of 24 scirrhous-type gastric carcinomas (84%) in a fine, diffuse, granular pattern in the cytoplasm of carcinoma cells, while only 2 of 20 intestinal-type gastric carcinomas (10%) had detectable cathepsin B. From these results, we find that scirrhous-type gastric carcinomas express abundant quantities of pancreatic trypsinogen and cathepsin B immunoreactive peptides.
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Fujimura T, Kinoshita J, Makino I, Nakamural K, Oyama K, Fujita H, Tajima H, Takamura H, Ninomiya I, Kitagawa H, Fushida S, Ohta T, Miwa K. Gastric cancer - state of the art in Japan. ROZHLEDY V CHIRURGII : MESICNIK CESKOSLOVENSKE CHIRURGICKE SPOLECNOSTI 2012; 91:346-352. [PMID: 23106089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
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Ackermann M, Ajello M, Albert A, Atwood WB, Baldini L, Ballet J, Barbiellini G, Bastieri D, Bechtol K, Bellazzini R, Berenji B, Blandford RD, Bloom ED, Bonamente E, Borgland AW, Bregeon J, Brigida M, Bruel P, Buehler R, Burnett TH, Buson S, Caliandro GA, Cameron RA, Cañadas B, Caraveo PA, Casandjian JM, Cecchi C, Charles E, Chekhtman A, Chiang J, Ciprini S, Claus R, Cohen-Tanugi J, Conrad J, Cutini S, de Angelis A, de Palma F, Dermer CD, Digel SW, do Couto e Silva E, Drell PS, Drlica-Wagner A, Falletti L, Favuzzi C, Fegan SJ, Ferrara EC, Fukazawa Y, Funk S, Fusco P, Gargano F, Gasparrini D, Gehrels N, Germani S, Giglietto N, Giordano F, Giroletti M, Glanzman T, Godfrey G, Grenier IA, Guiriec S, Gustafsson M, Hadasch D, Hayashida M, Hays E, Hughes RE, Jeltema TE, Jóhannesson G, Johnson RP, Johnson AS, Kamae T, Katagiri H, Kataoka J, Knödlseder J, Kuss M, Lande J, Latronico L, Lionetto AM, Llena Garde M, Longo F, Loparco F, Lott B, Lovellette MN, Lubrano P, Madejski GM, Mazziotta MN, McEnery JE, Mehault J, Michelson PF, Mitthumsiri W, Mizuno T, Monte C, Monzani ME, Morselli A, Moskalenko IV, Murgia S, Naumann-Godo M, Norris JP, Nuss E, Ohsugi T, Okumura A, Omodei N, Orlando E, Ormes JF, Ozaki M, Paneque D, Parent D, Pesce-Rollins M, Pierbattista M, Piron F, Pivato G, Porter TA, Profumo S, Rainò S, Razzano M, Reimer A, Reimer O, Ritz S, Roth M, Sadrozinski HFW, Sbarra C, Scargle JD, Schalk TL, Sgrò C, Siskind EJ, Spandre G, Spinelli P, Strigari L, Suson DJ, Tajima H, Takahashi H, Tanaka T, Thayer JG, Thayer JB, Thompson DJ, Tibaldo L, Tinivella M, Torres DF, Troja E, Uchiyama Y, Vandenbroucke J, Vasileiou V, Vianello G, Vitale V, Waite AP, Wang P, Winer BL, Wood KS, Wood M, Yang Z, Zimmer S, Kaplinghat M, Martinez GD. Constraining dark matter models from a combined analysis of Milky Way satellites with the Fermi Large Area Telescope. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2011; 107:241302. [PMID: 22242987 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.241302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2011] [Revised: 10/06/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Satellite galaxies of the Milky Way are among the most promising targets for dark matter searches in gamma rays. We present a search for dark matter consisting of weakly interacting massive particles, applying a joint likelihood analysis to 10 satellite galaxies with 24 months of data of the Fermi Large Area Telescope. No dark matter signal is detected. Including the uncertainty in the dark matter distribution, robust upper limits are placed on dark matter annihilation cross sections. The 95% confidence level upper limits range from about 10(-26) cm3 s(-1) at 5 GeV to about 5×10(-23) cm3 s(-1) at 1 TeV, depending on the dark matter annihilation final state. For the first time, using gamma rays, we are able to rule out models with the most generic cross section (∼3×10(-26) cm3 s(-1) for a purely s-wave cross section), without assuming additional boost factors.
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Takahashi T, Tajima H, Nakagawa-Mizuyachi K, Nakayama H, Kawashima M. Changes in prostaglandin F2α receptor bindings in the hen oviduct uterus before and after oviposition. Poult Sci 2011; 90:1767-73. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2010-01329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Takeshita M, Tani T, Harada S, Hayashi H, Itoh H, Tajima H, Ohnishi I, Takamura H, Fushida S, Kayahara M. Role of transcription factors in small intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury and tolerance induced by ischemic preconditioning. Transplant Proc 2011; 42:3406-13. [PMID: 21094787 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2010.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2009] [Revised: 05/11/2010] [Accepted: 06/10/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, a clinically important condition, induces severe organ damage. Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) produces tolerance to long-term I/R by inducing a short-term I/R. Herein, we have examined the reduction in the extent of injury by IPC. METHODS Small intestinal I/R injury was induced in rats by clamping the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) for 30 minutes followed by reperfusion for various 30 minutes. The IPC + I/R group underwent a short-term I/R (IPC) prior to long-term I/R. Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activity was analyzed by an electrophoretic mobility shift assay and cytokine mRNA levels, by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Apoptosis-related genes were analyzed by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry, and apoptotic cells, by TUNEL staining. RESULTS The animals were subjected to 30 minutes of ischemia followed by 30 minutes of reperfusion. NF-κB activity increased in the I/R group and decreased in the IPC + I/R group. The IPC + I/R group showed decreased cytokine in mRNA levels. Expression of the proapoptotic gene caspase-3 was increased in the I/R and decreased in the IPC + I/R group. Expression of the antiapoptotic gene Bcl-xL was increased in the IPC + I/R group. The number of apoptotic cells was increased in the I/R and decreased in the IPC + I/R group. CONCLUSION Small intestinal I/R injury was reduced by IPC produced by clamping the SMA; thus, IPC may have potential clinical applications in the future.
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Kawahara Y, Ninomiya I, Fujimura T, Funaki H, Nakagawara H, Takamura H, Oyama K, Tajima H, Fushida S, Inaba H, Kayahara M. Prospective randomized controlled study on the effects of perioperative administration of a neutrophil elastase inhibitor to patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for thoracic esophageal cancer. Dis Esophagus 2010; 23:329-39. [PMID: 19788440 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-2050.2009.01010.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Sivelestat sodium hydrate (Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Osaka, Japan) is a selective inhibitor of neutrophil elastase (NE) and is effective in reducing acute lung injury associated with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). We conducted a prospective randomized controlled study to investigate the efficacy of perioperative administration of sivelestat sodium hydrate to prevent postoperative acute lung injury in patients undergoing thoracoscopic esophagectomy and radical lymphadenectomy. Twenty-two patients with thoracic esophageal cancer underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic esophagectomy with extended lymph node dissection in our institution between April 2007 and November 2008. Using a double-blinded method, these patients were randomly assigned to one of two groups preoperatively. The active treatment group received sivelestat sodium hydrate intravenously for 72 hours starting at the beginning of surgery (sivelestat-treated group; n= 11), while the other group received saline (control group; n= 11). All patients were given methylprednisolone immediately before surgery. Postoperative clinical course was compared between the two groups. Two patients (one in each group) were discontinued from the study during the postoperative period because of surgery-related complications. Of the remaining 20 patients, 2 patients who developed pneumonia within a week after surgery were excluded from some laboratory analyses, so data from 18 patients (9 patients in each group) were analyzed based on the arterial oxygen pressure/fraction of inspired oxygen ratio, white blood cell count, serum C-reactive protein level, plasma cytokine levels, plasma NE level, and markers of alveolar type II epithelial cells. In the current study, the incidence of postoperative morbidity did not differ between the two groups. The median duration of SIRS in the sivelestat-treated group was significantly shorter than that in the control group: 17 (range 9-36) hours versus 49 (15-60) hours, respectively (P= 0.009). Concerning the parameters used for the diagnosis of SIRS, the median heart rates on postoperative day (POD) 2 were significantly lower in the sivelestat-treated group than in the control group (P= 0.007). The median arterial oxygen pressure/fraction of inspired oxygen ratio of the sivelestat-treated group were significantly higher than those of the control group on POD 1 and POD 7 (POD 1: 372.0 [range 284.0-475.0] vs 322.5 [243.5-380.0], respectively, P= 0.040; POD 7: 377.2 [339.5-430.0] vs 357.6 [240.0-392.8], P= 0.031). Postoperative white blood cell counts, serum C-reactive protein levels, plasma interleukin-1beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels, and plasma NE levels did not differ significantly between the two groups at any point during the postoperative course, nor did serum Krebs von den Lungen 6, surfactant protein-A, or surfactant protein-D levels, which were used as markers of alveolar type II epithelial cells to evaluate the severity of lung injury. Plasma interleukin-8 levels were significantly lower in the sivelestat-treated group than in the control group on POD 3 (P= 0.040). In conclusion, perioperative administration of sivelestat sodium hydrate (starting at the beginning of surgery) mitigated postoperative hypoxia, partially suppressed postoperative hypercytokinemia, shortened the duration of SIRS, and stabilized postoperative circulatory status after thoracoscopic esophagectomy.
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Abdo AA, Ackermann M, Ajello M, Atwood WB, Baldini L, Ballet J, Barbiellini G, Bastieri D, Baughman BM, Bechtol K, Bellazzini R, Berenji B, Blandford RD, Bloom ED, Bonamente E, Borgland AW, Bregeon J, Brez A, Brigida M, Bruel P, Burnett TH, Buson S, Caliandro GA, Cameron RA, Caraveo PA, Casandjian JM, Cavazzuti E, Cecchi C, Celik O, Chekhtman A, Cheung CC, Chiang J, Ciprini S, Claus R, Cohen-Tanugi J, Colafrancesco S, Cominsky LR, Conrad J, Costamante L, Cutini S, Davis DS, Dermer CD, de Angelis A, de Palma F, Digel SW, do Couto e Silva E, Drell PS, Dubois R, Dumora D, Farnier C, Favuzzi C, Fegan SJ, Finke J, Focke WB, Fortin P, Fukazawa Y, Funk S, Fusco P, Gargano F, Gasparrini D, Gehrels N, Georganopoulos M, Germani S, Giebels B, Giglietto N, Giordano F, Giroletti M, Glanzman T, Godfrey G, Grenier IA, Grove JE, Guillemot L, Guiriec S, Hanabata Y, Harding AK, Hayashida M, Hays E, Hughes RE, Jackson MS, Jóhannesson G, Johnson AS, Johnson TJ, Johnson WN, Kamae T, Katagiri H, Kataoka J, Kawai N, Kerr M, Knödlseder J, Kocian ML, Kuss M, Lande J, Latronico L, Lemoine-Goumard M, Longo F, Loparco F, Lott B, Lovellette MN, Lubrano P, Madejski GM, Makeev A, Mazziotta MN, McConville W, McEnery JE, Meurer C, Michelson PF, Mitthumsiri W, Mizuno T, Moiseev AA, Monte C, Monzani ME, Morselli A, Moskalenko IV, Murgia S, Nolan PL, Norris JP, Nuss E, Ohsugi T, Omodei N, Orlando E, Ormes JF, Paneque D, Parent D, Pelassa V, Pepe M, Pesce-Rollins M, Piron F, Porter TA, Rainò S, Rando R, Razzano M, Razzaque S, Reimer A, Reimer O, Reposeur T, Ritz S, Rochester LS, Rodriguez AY, Romani RW, Roth M, Ryde F, Sadrozinski HFW, Sambruna R, Sanchez D, Sander A, Saz Parkinson PM, Scargle JD, Sgrò C, Siskind EJ, Smith DA, Smith PD, Spandre G, Spinelli P, Starck JL, Stawarz Ł, Strickman MS, Suson DJ, Tajima H, Takahashi H, Takahashi T, Tanaka T, Thayer JB, Thayer JG, Thompson DJ, Tibaldo L, Torres DF, Tosti G, Tramacere A, Uchiyama Y, Usher TL, Vasileiou V, Vilchez N, Vitale V, Waite AP, Wallace E, Wang P, Winer BL, Wood KS, Ylinen T, Ziegler M, Hardcastle MJ, Kazanas D. Fermi Gamma-Ray Imaging of a Radio Galaxy. Science 2010; 328:725-9. [PMID: 20360067 DOI: 10.1126/science.1184656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Abdo AA, Ackermann M, Ajello M, Atwood WB, Baldini L, Ballet J, Barbiellini G, Bastieri D, Baughman BM, Bechtol K, Bellazzini R, Berenji B, Blandford RD, Bloom ED, Bonamente E, Borgland AW, Bregeon J, Brez A, Brigida M, Bruel P, Burnett TH, Buson S, Caliandro GA, Cameron RA, Caraveo PA, Casandjian JM, Cavazzuti E, Cecchi C, Celik O, Charles E, Chekhtman A, Cheung CC, Chiang J, Ciprini S, Claus R, Cohen-Tanugi J, Cominsky LR, Conrad J, Cutini S, Dermer CD, de Angelis A, de Palma F, Digel SW, Di Bernardo G, do Couto e Silva E, Drell PS, Drlica-Wagner A, Dubois R, Dumora D, Farnier C, Favuzzi C, Fegan SJ, Focke WB, Fortin P, Frailis M, Fukazawa Y, Funk S, Fusco P, Gaggero D, Gargano F, Gasparrini D, Gehrels N, Germani S, Giebels B, Giglietto N, Giommi P, Giordano F, Glanzman T, Godfrey G, Grenier IA, Grondin MH, Grove JE, Guillemot L, Guiriec S, Gustafsson M, Hanabata Y, Harding AK, Hayashida M, Hughes RE, Itoh R, Jackson MS, Jóhannesson G, Johnson AS, Johnson RP, Johnson TJ, Johnson WN, Kamae T, Katagiri H, Kataoka J, Kawai N, Kerr M, Knödlseder J, Kocian ML, Kuehn F, Kuss M, Lande J, Latronico L, Lemoine-Goumard M, Longo F, Loparco F, Lott B, Lovellette MN, Lubrano P, Madejski GM, Makeev A, Mazziotta MN, McConville W, McEnery JE, Meurer C, Michelson PF, Mitthumsiri W, Mizuno T, Moiseev AA, Monte C, Monzani ME, Morselli A, Moskalenko IV, Murgia S, Nolan PL, Norris JP, Nuss E, Ohsugi T, Omodei N, Orlando E, Ormes JF, Paneque D, Panetta JH, Parent D, Pelassa V, Pepe M, Pesce-Rollins M, Piron F, Porter TA, Rainò S, Rando R, Razzano M, Reimer A, Reimer O, Reposeur T, Ritz S, Rochester LS, Rodriguez AY, Roth M, Ryde F, Sadrozinski HFW, Sanchez D, Sander A, Saz Parkinson PM, Scargle JD, Sellerholm A, Sgrò C, Shaw MS, Siskind EJ, Smith DA, Smith PD, Spandre G, Spinelli P, Starck JL, Strickman MS, Strong AW, Suson DJ, Tajima H, Takahashi H, Takahashi T, Tanaka T, Thayer JB, Thayer JG, Thompson DJ, Tibaldo L, Torres DF, Tosti G, Tramacere A, Uchiyama Y, Usher TL, Vasileiou V, Vilchez N, Vitale V, Waite AP, Wang P, Winer BL, Wood KS, Ylinen T, Ziegler M. Spectrum of the isotropic diffuse gamma-ray emission derived from first-year Fermi Large Area Telescope data. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 104:101101. [PMID: 20366411 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.104.101101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We report on the first Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) measurements of the so-called "extragalactic" diffuse gamma-ray emission (EGB). This component of the diffuse gamma-ray emission is generally considered to have an isotropic or nearly isotropic distribution on the sky with diverse contributions discussed in the literature. The derivation of the EGB is based on detailed modeling of the bright foreground diffuse Galactic gamma-ray emission, the detected LAT sources, and the solar gamma-ray emission. We find the spectrum of the EGB is consistent with a power law with a differential spectral index gamma = 2.41 +/- 0.05 and intensity I(>100 MeV) = (1.03 +/- 0.17) x 10(-5) cm(-2) s(-1) sr(-1), where the error is systematics dominated. Our EGB spectrum is featureless, less intense, and softer than that derived from EGRET data.
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Abdo AA, Ackermann M, Ajello M, Atwood WB, Baldini L, Ballet J, Barbiellini G, Bastieri D, Bechtol K, Bellazzini R, Berenji B, Bloom ED, Bonamente E, Borgland AW, Bouvier A, Bregeon J, Brez A, Brigida M, Bruel P, Burnett TH, Buson S, Caliandro GA, Cameron RA, Caraveo PA, Carrigan S, Casandjian JM, Cecchi C, Celik O, Chekhtman A, Chiang J, Ciprini S, Claus R, Cohen-Tanugi J, Conrad J, Dermer CD, de Angelis A, de Palma F, Digel SW, do Couto E Silva E, Drell PS, Drlica-Wagner A, Dubois R, Dumora D, Edmonds Y, Essig R, Farnier C, Favuzzi C, Fegan SJ, Focke WB, Fortin P, Frailis M, Fukazawa Y, Funk S, Fusco P, Gargano F, Gasparrini D, Gehrels N, Germani S, Giglietto N, Giordano F, Glanzman T, Godfrey G, Grenier IA, Grove JE, Guillemot L, Guiriec S, Gustafsson M, Hadasch D, Harding AK, Horan D, Hughes RE, Jackson MS, Jóhannesson G, Johnson AS, Johnson RP, Johnson WN, Kamae T, Katagiri H, Kataoka J, Kawai N, Kerr M, Knödlseder J, Kuss M, Lande J, Latronico L, Llena Garde M, Longo F, Loparco F, Lott B, Lovellette MN, Lubrano P, Makeev A, Mazziotta MN, McEnery JE, Meurer C, Michelson PF, Mitthumsiri W, Mizuno T, Moiseev AA, Monte C, Monzani ME, Morselli A, Moskalenko IV, Murgia S, Nolan PL, Norris JP, Nuss E, Ohsugi T, Omodei N, Orlando E, Ormes JF, Ozaki M, Paneque D, Panetta JH, Parent D, Pelassa V, Pepe M, Pesce-Rollins M, Piron F, Rainò S, Rando R, Razzano M, Reimer A, Reimer O, Reposeur T, Ripken J, Ritz S, Rodriguez AY, Roth M, Sadrozinski HFW, Sander A, Parkinson PMS, Scargle JD, Schalk TL, Sellerholm A, Sgrò C, Siskind EJ, Smith DA, Smith PD, Spandre G, Spinelli P, Starck JL, Strickman MS, Suson DJ, Tajima H, Takahashi H, Tanaka T, Thayer JB, Thayer JG, Tibaldo L, Torres DF, Uchiyama Y, Usher TL, Vasileiou V, Vilchez N, Vitale V, Waite AP, Wang P, Winer BL, Wood KS, Ylinen T, Ziegler M. Fermi large area telescope search for photon lines from 30 to 200 GeV and dark matter implications. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 104:091302. [PMID: 20366979 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.104.091302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Dark matter (DM) particle annihilation or decay can produce monochromatic gamma rays readily distinguishable from astrophysical sources. gamma-ray line limits from 30 to 200 GeV obtained from 11 months of Fermi Large Area Space Telescope data from 20-300 GeV are presented using a selection based on requirements for a gamma-ray line analysis, and integrated over most of the sky. We obtain gamma-ray line flux upper limits in the range 0.6-4.5x10{-9} cm{-2} s{-1}, and give corresponding DM annihilation cross-section and decay lifetime limits. Theoretical implications are briefly discussed.
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Abdo AA, Ackermann M, Ajello M, Baldini L, Ballet J, Barbiellini G, Baring MG, Bastieri D, Baughman BM, Bechtol K, Bellazzini R, Berenji B, Blandford RD, Bloom ED, Bonamente E, Borgland AW, Bregeon J, Brez A, Brigida M, Bruel P, Burnett TH, Buson S, Caliandro GA, Cameron RA, Caraveo PA, Casandjian JM, Cecchi C, Çelik Ö, Chekhtman A, Cheung CC, Chiang J, Ciprini S, Claus R, Cognard I, Cohen-Tanugi J, Cominsky LR, Conrad J, Cutini S, Dermer CD, de Angelis A, de Palma F, Digel SW, do Couto e Silva E, Drell PS, Dubois R, Dumora D, Espinoza C, Farnier C, Favuzzi C, Fegan SJ, Focke WB, Fortin P, Frailis M, Fukazawa Y, Funk S, Fusco P, Gargano F, Gasparrini D, Gehrels N, Germani S, Giavitto G, Giebels B, Giglietto N, Giordano F, Glanzman T, Godfrey G, Grenier IA, Grondin MH, Grove JE, Guillemot L, Guiriec S, Hanabata Y, Harding AK, Hayashida M, Hays E, Hughes RE, Jackson MS, Jóhannesson G, Johnson AS, Johnson TJ, Johnson WN, Kamae T, Katagiri H, Kataoka J, Katsuta J, Kawai N, Kerr M, Knödlseder J, Kocian ML, Kramer M, Kuss M, Lande J, Latronico L, Lemoine-Goumard M, Longo F, Loparco F, Lott B, Lovellette MN, Lubrano P, Lyne AG, Madejski GM, Makeev A, Mazziotta MN, McEnery JE, Meurer C, Michelson PF, Mitthumsiri W, Mizuno T, Monte C, Monzani ME, Morselli A, Moskalenko IV, Murgia S, Nakamori T, Nolan PL, Norris JP, Noutsos A, Nuss E, Ohsugi T, Omodei N, Orlando E, Ormes JF, Paneque D, Parent D, Pelassa V, Pepe M, Pesce-Rollins M, Piron F, Porter TA, Rainò S, Rando R, Razzano M, Reimer A, Reimer O, Reposeur T, Rochester LS, Rodriguez AY, Romani RW, Roth M, Ryde F, Sadrozinski HFW, Sanchez D, Sander A, Parkinson PMS, Scargle JD, Sgrò C, Siskind EJ, Smith DA, Smith PD, Spandre G, Spinelli P, Stappers BW, Stecker FW, Strickman MS, Suson DJ, Tajima H, Takahashi H, Takahashi T, Tanaka T, Thayer JB, Thayer JG, Theureau G, Thompson DJ, Tibaldo L, Tibolla O, Torres DF, Tosti G, Tramacere A, Uchiyama Y, Usher TL, Vasileiou V, Venter C, Vilchez N, Vitale V, Waite AP, Wang P, Winer BL, Wood KS, Yamazaki R, Ylinen T, Ziegler M. Gamma-Ray Emission from the Shell of Supernova Remnant W44 Revealed by the Fermi LAT. Science 2010; 327:1103-6. [PMID: 20056857 DOI: 10.1126/science.1182787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Abdo AA, Ackermann M, Ajello M, Anderson B, Atwood WB, Axelsson M, Baldini L, Ballet J, Barbiellini G, Bastieri D, Baughman BM, Bechtol K, Bellazzini R, Berenji B, Blandford RD, Bloom ED, Bonamente E, Borgland AW, Bregeon J, Brez A, Brigida M, Bruel P, Burnett TH, Caliandro GA, Cameron RA, Caraveo PA, Casandjian JM, Cecchi C, Charles E, Chekhtman A, Cheung CC, Chiang J, Ciprini S, Claus R, Cohen-Tanugi J, Conrad J, Dereli H, Dermer CD, de Angelis A, de Palma F, Digel SW, Di Bernardo G, Dormody M, do Couto e Silva E, Drell PS, Dubois R, Dumora D, Edmonds Y, Farnier C, Favuzzi C, Fegan SJ, Focke WB, Frailis M, Fukazawa Y, Funk S, Fusco P, Gaggero D, Gargano F, Gehrels N, Germani S, Giebels B, Giglietto N, Giordano F, Glanzman T, Godfrey G, Grenier IA, Grondin MH, Grove JE, Guillemot L, Guiriec S, Hanabata Y, Harding AK, Hayashida M, Hays E, Hughes RE, Jóhannesson G, Johnson AS, Johnson RP, Johnson TJ, Johnson WN, Kamae T, Katagiri H, Kataoka J, Kawai N, Kerr M, Knödlseder J, Kocian ML, Kuehn F, Kuss M, Lande J, Latronico L, Longo F, Loparco F, Lott B, Lovellette MN, Lubrano P, Madejski GM, Makeev A, Mazziotta MN, McConville W, McEnery JE, Meurer C, Michelson PF, Mitthumsiri W, Mizuno T, Moiseev AA, Monte C, Monzani ME, Morselli A, Moskalenko IV, Murgia S, Nolan PL, Nuss E, Ohsugi T, Okumura A, Omodei N, Orlando E, Ormes JF, Paneque D, Panetta JH, Parent D, Pelassa V, Pepe M, Pesce-Rollins M, Piron F, Porter TA, Rainò S, Rando R, Razzano M, Reimer A, Reimer O, Reposeur T, Ritz S, Rodriguez AY, Roth M, Ryde F, Sadrozinski HFW, Sanchez D, Sander A, Saz Parkinson PM, Scargle JD, Sellerholm A, Sgrò C, Smith DA, Smith PD, Spandre G, Spinelli P, Starck JL, Stecker FW, Striani E, Strickman MS, Strong AW, Suson DJ, Tajima H, Takahashi H, Tanaka T, Thayer JB, Thayer JG, Thompson DJ, Tibaldo L, Torres DF, Tosti G, Tramacere A, Uchiyama Y, Usher TL, Vasileiou V, Vilchez N, Vitale V, Waite AP, Wang P, Winer BL, Wood KS, Ylinen T, Ziegler M. Fermi large area telescope measurements of the diffuse gamma-ray emission at intermediate galactic latitudes. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 103:251101. [PMID: 20366246 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.251101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The diffuse galactic gamma-ray emission is produced by cosmic rays (CRs) interacting with the interstellar gas and radiation field. Measurements by the Energetic Gamma-Ray Experiment Telescope (EGRET) instrument on the Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory indicated excess gamma-ray emission greater, > or approximately equal to 1 GeV relative to diffuse galactic gamma-ray emission models consistent with directly measured CR spectra (the so-called "EGRET GeV excess"). The Large Area Telescope (LAT) instrument on the Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope has measured the diffuse gamma-ray emission with improved sensitivity and resolution compared to EGRET. We report on LAT measurements for energies 100 MeV to 10 GeV and galactic latitudes 10 degrees < or = |b| < or = 20 degrees. The LAT spectrum for this region of the sky is well reproduced by a diffuse galactic gamma-ray emission model that is consistent with local CR spectra and inconsistent with the EGRET GeV excess.
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Abdo AA, Ackermann M, Ajello M, Atwood WB, Axelsson M, Baldini L, Ballet J, Barbiellini G, Bastieri D, Baughman BM, Bechtol K, Bellazzini R, Berenji B, Blandford RD, Bloom ED, Bonamente E, Borgland AW, Bregeon J, Brez A, Brigida M, Bruel P, Burnett TH, Caliandro GA, Cameron RA, Caraveo PA, Casandjian JM, Cecchi C, Celik O, Charles E, Chaty S, Chekhtman A, Cheung CC, Chiang J, Ciprini S, Claus R, Cohen-Tanugi J, Conrad J, Cutini S, Dermer CD, de Palma F, Digel SW, Dormody M, do Couto e Silva E, Drell PS, Dubois R, Dumora D, Farnier C, Favuzzi C, Fegan SJ, Focke WB, Frailis M, Fukazawa Y, Fusco P, Gargano F, Gasparrini D, Gehrels N, Germani S, Giebels B, Giglietto N, Giordano F, Glanzman T, Godfrey G, Grenier IA, Grove JE, Guillemot L, Guiriec S, Hanabata Y, Harding AK, Hayashida M, Hays E, Horan D, Hughes RE, Jóhannesson G, Johnson AS, Johnson RP, Johnson TJ, Johnson WN, Kamae T, Katagiri H, Kawai N, Kerr M, Knödlseder J, Kuehn F, Kuss M, Lande J, Latronico L, Lemoine-Goumard M, Longo F, Loparco F, Lott B, Lovellette MN, Lubrano P, Makeev A, Mazziotta MN, McConville W, McEnery JE, Meurer C, Michelson PF, Mitthumsiri W, Mizuno T, Moiseev AA, Monte C, Monzani ME, Morselli A, Moskalenko IV, Murgia S, Nolan PL, Norris JP, Nuss E, Ohsugi T, Omodei N, Orlando E, Ormes JF, Paneque D, Panetta JH, Parent D, Pelassa V, Pepe M, Pierbattista M, Piron F, Porter TA, Rainò S, Rando R, Razzano M, Rea N, Reimer A, Reimer O, Reposeur T, Ritz S, Rochester LS, Rodriguez AY, Romani RW, Roth M, Ryde F, Sadrozinski HFW, Sanchez D, Sander A, Saz Parkinson PM, Sgrò C, Smith DA, Smith PD, Spandre G, Spinelli P, Starck JL, Strickman MS, Suson DJ, Tajima H, Takahashi H, Tanaka T, Thayer JB, Thayer JG, Thompson DJ, Tibaldo L, Torres DF, Tosti G, Tramacere A, Uchiyama Y, Usher TL, Vasileiou V, Vilchez N, Vitale V, Wang P, Webb N, Winer BL, Wood KS, Ylinen T, Ziegler M. Detection of high-energy gamma-ray emission from the globular cluster 47 Tucanae with Fermi. Science 2009; 325:845-8. [PMID: 19679807 DOI: 10.1126/science.1177023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
We report the detection of gamma-ray emissions above 200 megaelectron volts at a significance level of 17sigma from the globular cluster 47 Tucanae, using data obtained with the Large Area Telescope onboard the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. Globular clusters are expected to emit gamma rays because of the large populations of millisecond pulsars that they contain. The spectral shape of 47 Tucanae is consistent with gamma-ray emission from a population of millisecond pulsars. The observed gamma-ray luminosity implies an upper limit of 60 millisecond pulsars present in 47 Tucanae.
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Abdo A, Ackermann M, Ajello M, Atwood W, Axelsson M, Baldini L, Ballet J, Barbiellini G, Baring M, Bastieri D, Baughman B, Bechtol K, Bellazzini R, Berenji B, Bignami G, Blandford R, Bloom E, Bonamente E, Borgland A, Bregeon J, Brez A, Brigida M, Bruel P, Burnett T, Caliandro G, Cameron R, Camilo F, Caraveo P, Carlson P, Casandjian J, Cecchi C, Çelik Ö, Charles E, Chekhtman A, Cheung C, Chiang J, Ciprini S, Claus R, Cognard I, Cohen-Tanugi J, Cominsky L, Conrad J, Corbet R, Cutini S, Dermer C, Desvignes G, de Angelis A, de Luca A, de Palma F, Digel S, Dormody M, do Couto e Silva E, Drell P, Dubois R, Dumora D, Edmonds Y, Farnier C, Favuzzi C, Fegan S, Focke W, Frailis M, Freire P, Fukazawa Y, Funk S, Fusco P, Gargano F, Gasparrini D, Gehrels N, Germani S, Giebels B, Giglietto N, Giordano F, Glanzman T, Godfrey G, Grenier I, Grondin MH, Grove J, Guillemot L, Guiriec S, Hanabata Y, Harding A, Hayashida M, Hays E, Hobbs G, Hughes R, Jóhannesson G, Johnson A, Johnson R, Johnson T, Johnson W, Johnston S, Kamae T, Katagiri H, Kataoka J, Kawai N, Kerr M, Knödlseder J, Kocian M, Kramer M, Kuss M, Lande J, Latronico L, Lemoine-Goumard M, Longo F, Loparco F, Lott B, Lovellette M, Lubrano P, Madejski G, Makeev A, Manchester R, Marelli M, Mazziotta M, McConville W, McEnery J, McLaughlin M, Meurer C, Michelson P, Mitthumsiri W, Mizuno T, Moiseev A, Monte C, Monzani M, Morselli A, Moskalenko I, Murgia S, Nolan P, Norris J, Nuss E, Ohsugi T, Omodei N, Orlando E, Ormes J, Paneque D, Panetta J, Parent D, Pelassa V, Pepe M, Pesce-Rollins M, Piron F, Porter T, Rainò S, Rando R, Ransom S, Ray P, Razzano M, Rea N, Reimer A, Reimer O, Reposeur T, Ritz S, Rochester L, Rodriguez A, Romani R, Roth M, Ryde F, Sadrozinski HW, Sanchez D, Sander A, Saz Parkinson P, Scargle J, Schalk T, Sgrò C, Siskind E, Smith D, Smith P, Spandre G, Spinelli P, Stappers B, Starck JL, Striani E, Strickman M, Suson D, Tajima H, Takahashi H, Tanaka T, Thayer J, Thayer J, Theureau G, Thompson D, Thorsett S, Tibaldo L, Torres D, Tosti G, Tramacere A, Uchiyama Y, Usher T, Van Etten A, Vasileiou V, Venter C, Vilchez N, Vitale V, Waite A, Wallace E, Wang P, Watters K, Webb N, Weltevrede P, Winer B, Wood K, Ylinen T, Ziegler M. A Population of Gamma-Ray Millisecond Pulsars Seen with the Fermi Large Area Telescope. Science 2009; 325:848-52. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1176113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Abdo AA, Ackermann M, Ajello M, Anderson B, Atwood WB, Axelsson M, Baldini L, Ballet J, Barbiellini G, Baring MG, Bastieri D, Baughman BM, Bechtol K, Bellazzini R, Berenji B, Bignami GF, Blandford RD, Bloom ED, Bonamente E, Borgland AW, Bregeon J, Brez A, Brigida M, Bruel P, Burnett TH, Caliandro GA, Cameron RA, Caraveo PA, Casandjian JM, Cecchi C, Celik O, Chekhtman A, Cheung CC, Chiang J, Ciprini S, Claus R, Cohen-Tanugi J, Conrad J, Cutini S, Dermer CD, de Angelis A, de Luca A, de Palma F, Digel SW, Dormody M, do Couto e Silva E, Drell PS, Dubois R, Dumora D, Farnier C, Favuzzi C, Fegan SJ, Fukazawa Y, Funk S, Fusco P, Gargano F, Gasparrini D, Gehrels N, Germani S, Giebels B, Giglietto N, Giommi P, Giordano F, Glanzman T, Godfrey G, Grenier IA, Grondin MH, Grove JE, Guillemot L, Guiriec S, Gwon C, Hanabata Y, Harding AK, Hayashida M, Hays E, Hughes RE, Jóhannesson G, Johnson RP, Johnson TJ, Johnson WN, Kamae T, Katagiri H, Kataoka J, Kawai N, Kerr M, Knödlseder J, Kocian ML, Kuss M, Lande J, Latronico L, Lemoine-Goumard M, Longo F, Loparco F, Lott B, Lovellette MN, Lubrano P, Madejski GM, Makeev A, Marelli M, Mazziotta MN, McConville W, McEnery JE, Meurer C, Michelson PF, Mitthumsiri W, Mizuno T, Monte C, Monzani ME, Morselli A, Moskalenko IV, Murgia S, Nolan PL, Norris JP, Nuss E, Ohsugi T, Omodei N, Orlando E, Ormes JF, Paneque D, Parent D, Pelassa V, Pepe M, Pesce-Rollins M, Pierbattista M, Piron F, Porter TA, Primack JR, Rainò S, Rando R, Ray PS, Razzano M, Rea N, Reimer A, Reimer O, Reposeur T, Ritz S, Rochester LS, Rodriguez AY, Romani RW, Ryde F, Sadrozinski HFW, Sanchez D, Sander A, Saz Parkinson PM, Scargle JD, Sgrò C, Siskind EJ, Smith DA, Smith PD, Spandre G, Spinelli P, Starck JL, Strickman MS, Suson DJ, Tajima H, Takahashi H, Takahashi T, Tanaka T, Thayer JG, Thompson DJ, Tibaldo L, Tibolla O, Torres DF, Tosti G, Tramacere A, Uchiyama Y, Usher TL, Van Etten A, Vasileiou V, Vilchez N, Vitale V, Waite AP, Wang P, Watters K, Winer BL, Wolff MT, Wood KS, Ylinen T, Ziegler M. Detection of 16 gamma-ray pulsars through blind frequency searches using the Fermi LAT. Science 2009; 325:840-4. [PMID: 19574346 DOI: 10.1126/science.1175558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Pulsars are rapidly rotating, highly magnetized neutron stars emitting radiation across the electromagnetic spectrum. Although there are more than 1800 known radio pulsars, until recently only seven were observed to pulse in gamma rays, and these were all discovered at other wavelengths. The Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) makes it possible to pinpoint neutron stars through their gamma-ray pulsations. We report the detection of 16 gamma-ray pulsars in blind frequency searches using the LAT. Most of these pulsars are coincident with previously unidentified gamma-ray sources, and many are associated with supernova remnants. Direct detection of gamma-ray pulsars enables studies of emission mechanisms, population statistics, and the energetics of pulsar wind nebulae and supernova remnants.
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Abdo AA, Ackermann M, Ajello M, Atwood WB, Axelsson M, Baldini L, Ballet J, Barbiellini G, Bastieri D, Battelino M, Baughman BM, Bechtol K, Bellazzini R, Berenji B, Blandford RD, Bloom ED, Bogaert G, Bonamente E, Borgland AW, Bregeon J, Brez A, Brigida M, Bruel P, Burnett TH, Caliandro GA, Cameron RA, Caraveo PA, Carlson P, Casandjian JM, Cecchi C, Charles E, Chekhtman A, Cheung CC, Chiang J, Ciprini S, Claus R, Cohen-Tanugi J, Cominsky LR, Conrad J, Cutini S, Dermer CD, de Angelis A, de Palma F, Digel SW, Di Bernardo G, do Couto E Silva E, Drell PS, Dubois R, Dumora D, Edmonds Y, Farnier C, Favuzzi C, Focke WB, Frailis M, Fukazawa Y, Funk S, Fusco P, Gaggero D, Gargano F, Gasparrini D, Gehrels N, Germani S, Giebels B, Giglietto N, Giordano F, Glanzman T, Godfrey G, Grasso D, Grenier IA, Grondin MH, Grove JE, Guillemot L, Guiriec S, Hanabata Y, Harding AK, Hartman RC, Hayashida M, Hays E, Hughes RE, Jóhannesson G, Johnson AS, Johnson RP, Johnson WN, Kamae T, Katagiri H, Kataoka J, Kawai N, Kerr M, Knödlseder J, Kocevski D, Kuehn F, Kuss M, Lande J, Latronico L, Lemoine-Goumard M, Longo F, Loparco F, Lott B, Lovellette MN, Lubrano P, Madejski GM, Makeev A, Massai MM, Mazziotta MN, McConville W, McEnery JE, Meurer C, Michelson PF, Mitthumsiri W, Mizuno T, Moiseev AA, Monte C, Monzani ME, Moretti E, Morselli A, Moskalenko IV, Murgia S, Nolan PL, Norris JP, Nuss E, Ohsugi T, Omodei N, Orlando E, Ormes JF, Ozaki M, Paneque D, Panetta JH, Parent D, Pelassa V, Pepe M, Pesce-Rollins M, Piron F, Pohl M, Porter TA, Profumo S, Rainò S, Rando R, Razzano M, Reimer A, Reimer O, Reposeur T, Ritz S, Rochester LS, Rodriguez AY, Romani RW, Roth M, Ryde F, Sadrozinski HFW, Sanchez D, Sander A, Saz Parkinson PM, Scargle JD, Schalk TL, Sellerholm A, Sgrò C, Smith DA, Smith PD, Spandre G, Spinelli P, Starck JL, Stephens TE, Strickman MS, Strong AW, Suson DJ, Tajima H, Takahashi H, Takahashi T, Tanaka T, Thayer JB, Thayer JG, Thompson DJ, Tibaldo L, Tibolla O, Torres DF, Tosti G, Tramacere A, Uchiyama Y, Usher TL, Van Etten A, Vasileiou V, Vilchez N, Vitale V, Waite AP, Wallace E, Wang P, Winer BL, Wood KS, Ylinen T, Ziegler M. Measurement of the cosmic ray e+ +e- spectrum from 20 GeV to 1 TeV with the Fermi Large Area Telescope. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 102:181101. [PMID: 19518855 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.181101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Designed as a high-sensitivity gamma-ray observatory, the Fermi Large Area Telescope is also an electron detector with a large acceptance exceeding 2 m;{2} sr at 300 GeV. Building on the gamma-ray analysis, we have developed an efficient electron detection strategy which provides sufficient background rejection for measurement of the steeply falling electron spectrum up to 1 TeV. Our high precision data show that the electron spectrum falls with energy as E-3.0 and does not exhibit prominent spectral features. Interpretations in terms of a conventional diffusive model as well as a potential local extra component are briefly discussed.
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Abdo AA, Ackermann M, Arimoto M, Asano K, Atwood WB, Axelsson M, Baldini L, Ballet J, Band DL, Barbiellini G, Baring MG, Bastieri D, Battelino M, Baughman BM, Bechtol K, Bellardi F, Bellazzini R, Berenji B, Bhat PN, Bissaldi E, Blandford RD, Bloom ED, Bogaert G, Bogart JR, Bonamente E, Bonnell J, Borgland AW, Bouvier A, Bregeon J, Brez A, Briggs MS, Brigida M, Bruel P, Burnett TH, Burrows D, Busetto G, Caliandro GA, Cameron RA, Caraveo PA, Casandjian JM, Ceccanti M, Cecchi C, Celotti A, Charles E, Chekhtman A, Cheung CC, Chiang J, Ciprini S, Claus R, Cohen-Tanugi J, Cominsky LR, Connaughton V, Conrad J, Costamante L, Cutini S, DeKlotz M, Dermer CD, de Angelis A, de Palma F, Digel SW, Dingus BL, do Couto e Silva E, Drell PS, Dubois R, Dumora D, Edmonds Y, Evans PA, Fabiani D, Farnier C, Favuzzi C, Finke J, Fishman G, Focke WB, Frailis M, Fukazawa Y, Funk S, Fusco P, Gargano F, Gasparrini D, Gehrels N, Germani S, Giebels B, Giglietto N, Giommi P, Giordano F, Glanzman T, Godfrey G, Goldstein A, Granot J, Greiner J, Grenier IA, Grondin MH, Grove JE, Guillemot L, Guiriec S, Haller G, Hanabata Y, Harding AK, Hayashida M, Hays E, Hernando Morat JA, Hoover A, Hughes RE, Jóhannesson G, Johnson AS, Johnson RP, Johnson TJ, Johnson WN, Kamae T, Katagiri H, Kataoka J, Kavelaars A, Kawai N, Kelly H, Kennea J, Kerr M, Kippen RM, Knödlseder J, Kocevski D, Kocian ML, Komin N, Kouveliotou C, Kuehn F, Kuss M, Lande J, Landriu D, Larsson S, Latronico L, Lavalley C, Lee B, Lee SH, Lemoine-Goumard M, Lichti GG, Longo F, Loparco F, Lott B, Lovellette MN, Lubrano P, Madejski GM, Makeev A, Marangelli B, Mazziotta MN, McBreen S, McEnery JE, McGlynn S, Meegan C, Mészáros P, Meurer C, Michelson PF, Minuti M, Mirizzi N, Mitthumsiri W, Mizuno T, Moiseev AA, Monte C, Monzani ME, Moretti E, Morselli A, Moskalenko IV, Murgia S, Nakamori T, Nelson D, Nolan PL, Norris JP, Nuss E, Ohno M, Ohsugi T, Okumura A, Omodei N, Orlando E, Ormes JF, Ozaki M, Paciesas WS, Paneque D, Panetta JH, Parent D, Pelassa V, Pepe M, Perri M, Pesce-Rollins M, Petrosian V, Pinchera M, Piron F, Porter TA, Preece R, Rainò S, Ramirez-Ruiz E, Rando R, Rapposelli E, Razzano M, Razzaque S, Rea N, Reimer A, Reimer O, Reposeur T, Reyes LC, Ritz S, Rochester LS, Rodriguez AY, Roth M, Ryde F, Sadrozinski HFW, Sanchez D, Sander A, Saz Parkinson PM, Scargle JD, Schalk TL, Segal KN, Sgrò C, Shimokawabe T, Siskind EJ, Smith DA, Smith PD, Spandre G, Spinelli P, Stamatikos M, Starck JL, Stecker FW, Steinle H, Stephens TE, Strickman MS, Suson DJ, Tagliaferri G, Tajima H, Takahashi H, Takahashi T, Tanaka T, Tenze A, Thayer JB, Thayer JG, Thompson DJ, Tibaldo L, Torres DF, Tosti G, Tramacere A, Turri M, Tuvi S, Usher TL, van der Horst AJ, Vigiani L, Vilchez N, Vitale V, von Kienlin A, Waite AP, Williams DA, Wilson-Hodge C, Winer BL, Wood KS, Wu XF, Yamazaki R, Ylinen T, Ziegler M. Fermi Observations of High-Energy Gamma-Ray Emission from GRB 080916C. Science 2009; 323:1688-93. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1169101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 478] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Akira S, Iwasaki N, Ichikawa M, Mine K, Kuwabara Y, Takeshita T, Tajima H. Successful long-term management of adenomyosis associated with deep thrombosis by low-dose gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist therapy. CLIN EXP OBSTET GYN 2009; 36:123-125. [PMID: 19688958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We report the case of a patient with adenomyosis complicated by deep vein thrombosis in whom low-dose gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) therapy was useful as a uterus-conserving therapeutic option. The patient was a 34-year-old nulliparous woman who presented with edema and pain in the left lower leg. The patient had been treated with four cycles of GnRHa therapy for adenomyosis and repeatedly experienced chronic pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea and anemia due to hypermenorrhea. Leg venography confirmed deep vein thrombosis, and thrombolytic therapy was performed to eliminate symptoms. Because the patient strongly wanted to conserve the uterus, low-dose GnRHa therapy was initiated. The patient is currently taking 450 microg/day buserelin acetate nasally (regular dose: 900 microg/day), and estradiol levels have been maintained at 24-50 pg/ml. Anemia, leg numbness and chronic pelvic pain have dissipated, and the patient has not experienced estrogen deficiency symptoms for more than two years.
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Nakazawa K, Tajima H, Murata S, Kumita SI, Yamamoto T, Tanaka K. Catheter fragmentation of acute massive pulmonary thromboembolism: distal embolisation and pulmonary arterial pressure elevation. Br J Radiol 2008; 81:848-54. [PMID: 18941044 DOI: 10.1259/bjr/93840362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between pulmonary arterial pressure and distal embolisation during catheter fragmentation for the treatment of acute massive pulmonary thromboembolism with haemodynamic impairment. 25 patients with haemodynamic impairment (8 men and 17 women; aged 27-82 years) were treated by mechanical thrombus fragmentation with a modified rotating pigtail catheter. After thrombus fragmentation, all patients received local fibrinolytic therapy, followed by manual clot aspiration using a percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) guide catheter. Pulmonary arterial pressure was continuously recorded during the procedure. The Friedman test and Wilcoxon test were applied for statistical analysis. Distal embolisation was confirmed by digital subtraction angiography in 7 of the 25 patients. A significant rise in mean pulmonary arterial pressure occurred after thrombus fragmentation (before: 34.1 mmHg; after: 37.9 mmHg; p<0.05), and this group showed a significant decrease in mean pulmonary arterial pressure after thrombus aspiration (25.7 mmHg; p<0.05). No distal embolisation was seen in 18 of the 25 patients, and a significant decrease in mean pulmonary arterial pressure was confirmed after thrombus fragmentation (before: 34.2 mmHg; after: 28.1 mmHg: p<0.01), and after thrombus aspiration (23.3 mmHg; p<0.01). In conclusion, distal embolisation and a rise in pulmonary arterial pressure can occur during mechanical fragmentation using a rotating pigtail catheter for the treatment of life-threatening acute massive pulmonary thromboembolism; thrombolysis and thrombus aspiration can provide partial recanalization and haemodynamic stabilization. Continuous monitoring of pulmonary arterial pressure may contribute to the safety of these interventional procedures.
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Abdo AA, Ackermann M, Atwood WB, Baldini L, Ballet J, Barbiellini G, Baring MG, Bastieri D, Baughman BM, Bechtol K, Bellazzini R, Berenji B, Blandford RD, Bloom ED, Bogaert G, Bonamente E, Borgland AW, Bregeon J, Brez A, Brigida M, Bruel P, Burnett TH, Caliandro GA, Cameron RA, Caraveo PA, Carlson P, Casandjian JM, Cecchi C, Charles E, Chekhtman A, Cheung CC, Chiang J, Ciprini S, Claus R, Cohen-Tanugi J, Cominsky LR, Conrad J, Cutini S, Davis DS, Dermer CD, de Angelis A, de Palma F, Digel SW, Dormody M, do Couto E Silva E, Drell PS, Dubois R, Dumora D, Edmonds Y, Farnier C, Focke WB, Fukazawa Y, Funk S, Fusco P, Gargano F, Gasparrini D, Gehrels N, Germani S, Giebels B, Giglietto N, Giordano F, Glanzman T, Godfrey G, Grenier IA, Grondin MH, Grove JE, Guillemot L, Guiriec S, Harding AK, Hartman RC, Hays E, Hughes RE, Jóhannesson G, Johnson AS, Johnson RP, Johnson TJ, Johnson WN, Kamae T, Kanai Y, Kanbach G, Katagiri H, Kawai N, Kerr M, Kishishita T, Kiziltan B, Knödlseder J, Kocian ML, Komin N, Kuehn F, Kuss M, Latronico L, Lemoine-Goumard M, Longo F, Lonjou V, Loparco F, Lott B, Lovellette MN, Lubrano P, Makeev A, Marelli M, Mazziotta MN, McEnery JE, McGlynn S, Meurer C, Michelson PF, Mineo T, Mitthumsiri W, Mizuno T, Moiseev AA, Monte C, Monzani ME, Morselli A, Moskalenko IV, Murgia S, Nakamori T, Nolan PL, Nuss E, Ohno M, Ohsugi T, Okumura A, Omodei N, Orlando E, Ormes JF, Ozaki M, Paneque D, Panetta JH, Parent D, Pelassa V, Pepe M, Pesce-Rollins M, Piano G, Pieri L, Piron F, Porter TA, Rainò S, Rando R, Ray PS, Razzano M, Reimer A, Reimer O, Reposeur T, Ritz S, Rochester LS, Rodriguez AY, Romani RW, Roth M, Ryde F, Sadrozinski HFW, Sanchez D, Sander A, Parkinson PMS, Schalk TL, Sellerholm A, Sgrò C, Siskind EJ, Smith DA, Smith PD, Spandre G, Spinelli P, Starck JL, Strickman MS, Suson DJ, Tajima H, Takahashi H, Takahashi T, Tanaka T, Thayer JB, Thayer JG, Thompson DJ, Thorsett SE, Tibaldo L, Torres DF, Tosti G, Tramacere A, Usher TL, Van Etten A, Vilchez N, Vitale V, Wang P, Watters K, Winer BL, Wood KS, Yasuda H, Ylinen T, Ziegler M. The Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope discovers the pulsar in the young galactic supernova remnant CTA 1. Science 2008; 322:1218-21. [PMID: 18927355 DOI: 10.1126/science.1165572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Energetic young pulsars and expanding blast waves [supernova remnants (SNRs)] are the most visible remains after massive stars, ending their lives, explode in core-collapse supernovae. The Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope has unveiled a radio quiet pulsar located near the center of the compact synchrotron nebula inside the supernova remnant CTA 1. The pulsar, discovered through its gamma-ray pulsations, has a period of 316.86 milliseconds and a period derivative of 3.614 x 10(-13) seconds per second. Its characteristic age of 10(4) years is comparable to that estimated for the SNR. We speculate that most unidentified Galactic gamma-ray sources associated with star-forming regions and SNRs are such young pulsars.
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