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Bray JP, Reich J, Nichols SJ, Kon Kam King G, Mac Nally R, Thompson R, O'Reilly-Nugent A, Kefford BJ. Biological interactions mediate context and species-specific sensitivities to salinity. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2018; 374:rstb.2018.0020. [PMID: 30509919 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2018.0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Toxicants have both sub-lethal and lethal effects on aquatic biota, influencing organism fitness and community composition. However, toxicant effects within ecosystems may be altered by interactions with abiotic and biotic ecosystem components, including biological interactions. Collectively, this generates the potential for toxicant sensitivity to be highly context dependent, with significantly different outcomes in ecosystems than laboratory toxicity tests predict. We experimentally manipulated stream macroinvertebrate communities in 32 mesocosms to examine how communities from a low-salinity site were influenced by interactions with those from a high-salinity site along a gradient of salinity. Relative to those from the low-salinity site, organisms from the high-salinity site were expected to have greater tolerance and fitness at higher salinities. This created the potential for both salinity and tolerant-sensitive organism interactions to influence communities. We found that community composition was influenced by both direct toxicity and tolerant-sensitive organism interactions. Taxon and context-dependent responses included: (i) direct toxicity effects, irrespective of biotic interactions; (ii) effects that were owing to the addition of tolerant taxa, irrespective of salinity; (iii) toxicity dependent on sensitive-tolerant taxa interactions; and (iv) toxic effects that were increased by interactions. Our results reinforce that ecological processes require consideration when examining toxicant effects within ecosystems.This article is part of the theme issue 'Salt in freshwaters: causes, ecological consequences and future prospects'.
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Reich J, Chatterton S, Johnson D. Temporal Dynamics of Botrytis cinerea and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in Seed Alfalfa Fields of Southern Alberta, Canada. PLANT DISEASE 2017; 101:331-343. [PMID: 30681920 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-04-16-0492-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Blossom blight of seed alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), caused by the fungal pathogens Botrytis cinerea and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, is a potentially devastating disease on the Canadian Prairies in moist growing seasons. Monitoring the airborne spore concentrations of these pathogens could facilitate disease forecasting in the region. Nineteen seed alfalfa fields in southern Alberta, Canada were assessed throughout the growing seasons of 2014 and 2015. Trace levels of blossom blight symptoms were found in both years; however, plated floret and pod samples indicated that, overall, B. cinerea increased over the growing season whereas S. sclerotiorum decreased. In both seasons, Burkard 7-day volumetric spore samplers collected daily aerosol samples, and weather stations recorded environmental variables in three fields. Conidia and ascospores collected were quantified each day with a real-time polymerase chain reaction assay. Spore quantification indicated that both B. cinerea and S. sclerotiorum numbers remained low in July and increased in August. Both species had multiple days with high spore discharge, with seasonal maxima of 21,137 conidia and 2,265 ascospores. Exploratory model development indicated that spore discharge of both fungi is associated with environmental stressors such as large changes in relative humidity or high temperatures on preceding days.
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Hansen JD, Reich J. Democratizing education? Examining access and usage patterns in massive open online courses. Science 2015; 350:1245-8. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aab3782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Ashe K, Liu P, Reed M, Kotilinek L, Grant M, Forster C, Qiang W, Reich J, Cleary J, Zahs K. The relevance of Quaternary structure to the functional effects of amyloid-β oligomers in the brain. Neurobiol Aging 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2014.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Joseph J, Torjman M, Reich J, Furnary A, Nasraway S, McNamara-Cullinane M, Olson D, Walton D. Evaluation of Symphony CGM, a non-invasive, transdermal continuous glucose monitoring system for use in critically ill patients. Crit Care 2014. [PMCID: PMC4069469 DOI: 10.1186/cc13629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Keller D, Doceul L, Ferlay F, Jiolat G, Cordier J, Kuehn I, Manfreo B, Reich J. ITER design, integration and assembly studies assisted by virtual reality. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2013.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ioki K, Choi C, Daly E, Dani S, Davis J, Giraud B, Gribov Y, Hamlyn-Harris C, Jones L, Jun C, Kim B, Kuzmin E, Le Barbier R, Martinez JM, Pathak H, Preble J, Reich J, Sa J, Terasawa A, Utin Y, Wang X, Wu S. ITER Vacuum Vessel design and construction. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2012.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Ioki K, Choi CH, Daly E, Dani S, Davis J, Giraud B, Hamlyn-Harris C, Johnson G, Jones L, Jun C, Kim BC, Kuzmin E, Barbier RL, Martinez J, Pathak H, Preble J, Reich J, Sa JW, Terasawa A, Utin Y, Wang X, Wu S. Fabrication Preparation of ITER Vacuum Vessel—Material Considerations, Regulatory Requirements, and Fabrication Plans. FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2012. [DOI: 10.13182/fst12-a13382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Ioki K, Barabash V, Choi C, Cordier JJ, Daly E, Dani S, Davis J, Giraud B, Gribov Y, Heitzenroeder P, Hamlyn-Harris C, Johnson G, Jones L, Jun C, Kim B, Kuzmin E, Le Barbier R, Loesser D, Martinez JM, Merola M, Pathak H, Preble J, Reich J, Sa J, Terasawa A, Utin Y, Wang X, Wu S. Design finalization and start of construction of ITER vacuum vessel. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2011.02.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Reich J, Cordier JJ, van Houtte D, Evrard D, Mercier E, Popa T, Doshi B. ITER In-Cryostat inspection and repair feasibility studies. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2011.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Koppe T, Cardella A, Missal B, Hein B, Krause R, Jenzsch H, Reich J, Leher F, Binni A, Segl J, Camin R, Giordano L, Langone S, Ridzewski J, Corniani G. Overview of main-mechanical-components and critical manufacturing aspects of the Wendelstein 7-X cryostat. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2011.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Campbell T, Allard R, Preller R, Smedstad L, Wallcraft A, Sue Chen, Hao Jin, Gaberšek S, Hodur R, Reich J, Fry CD, Eccles V, Hwai-Ping Cheng, Cheng JRC, Hunter R, DeLuca C, Theurich G. Integrated Modeling of the Battlespace Environment. Comput Sci Eng 2010. [DOI: 10.1109/mcse.2010.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Reich J, Hovy L, Lindenmaier HL, Zeller R, Schwiesau J, Thomas P, Grupp TM. [Preclinical evaluation of coated knee implants for allergic patients]. DER ORTHOPADE 2010; 39:495-502. [PMID: 20091294 DOI: 10.1007/s00132-009-1581-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 10-15% of the population show allergic reactions against skin contact to metals as nickel, cobalt or chromium and have thus a risk of not tolerating implants containing those materials. The relationship between periimplantary hypersensivity reaction and given cutaneous contact allergy is currently unknown. A new developed multilayer coating system is supposed to prevent long-term allergic reactions that may result from uncoated implants. METHODS Stability and function (concerning bonding durability, wear and ion release to the serum) of the multilayer coating system has been examined in a test series. RESULTS The specific architecture of the multilayer coating system evidences a very good bonding durability. The results of the test in the simulator show a reduction of wear of approximately 60% compared to the uncoated implants. Ion concentrations within the serum of the wear tests were by magnitudes lower than those measured in reference tests on uncoated components. CONCLUSION The results of the preclinical evaluation prove that the durability and function of the multilayer coating system are as intended.
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Koppe T, Cardella A, Reich J, Missal B, Hein B, Krause R, Jenzsch H, Hermann D, Schrader M, Eeten P, Di Bartolo G, Leher F, Binni A, Segl J, Camin R, Giordano L, Egloff B, Ridzewski J, Corniani G. Manufacturing and assembly status of main components of the Wendelstein 7-X cryostat. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2008.12.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Jenzsch H, Cardella A, Reich J, Gardebrecht W, Bednarek M, Sanchez P, Schrader M. Final design and manufacturing of the Cryolegs of the W7-X-superconducting coil support system. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2008.06.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Reich J, Cardella A, Capriccioli A, Koppe T, Missal B, Löhrer W, Langone S, Sassone PC. Experimental verification of the axial and lateral stiffness of large W7-X rectangular bellows. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2007.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Bishara M, Ugras S, Zurkovsky E, Silberstein I, Chahal H, Reich J, Dolgin C. P137. J Surg Res 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2006.12.368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Bishara M, Silberstein I, Ugras S, Zurkovksy E, Chahal H, Reich J, Pasquariello J, Starker I. P192. J Surg Res 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2006.12.528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Reich J, Gardebrecht W, Hein B, Missal B, Starke F, Seidler KU. Manufacture of cryostat components for Wendelstein 7-X. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0920-3796(03)00069-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Abele H, Astruc Hoffmann M, Baessler S, Dubbers D, Glück F, Müller U, Nesvizhevsky V, Reich J, Zimmer O. Is the unitarity of the quark-mixing CKM matrix violated in neutron beta-decay? PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2002; 88:211801. [PMID: 12059473 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.88.211801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We report on a new measurement of neutron beta-decay asymmetry. From the result A(0) = -0.1189(7), we derive the ratio of the axial vector to the vector coupling constant lambda = g(A)/g(V) = -1.2739(19). When included in the world average for the neutron lifetime tau = 885.7(7) s, this gives the first element of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix V(ud). With this value and the Particle Data Group values for V(us) and V(ub), we find a deviation from the unitarity condition for the first row of the CKM matrix of Delta = 0.0083(28), which is 3.0 times the stated error.
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Wildi SM, Reich J, Flury R, Lauper U, Risti B, Müllhaupt B, Meyenberger C. [Acute fatty liver in pregnancy: clinical and histopathological course. Case report]. PRAXIS 2002; 91:267-273. [PMID: 11883362 DOI: 10.1024/0369-8394.91.7.267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Acute fatty liver of pregnancy is a rare disease which may be letal if diagnosis is missed. The pathogenesis is not completely clear, but there is some evidence that some cases have been associated with a genetic deficiency of fatty acid beta-oxidation. Other predisposing factors include primiparity, multiple pregnancy, male fetal sex and pre-eclampsia. Clinical presentation and laboratory findings are often unspecific. Increasing serum aminotransferases are characteristic in the early stage of the disease. Liver biopsy establishes the diagnosis and typically shows microvesicular, centrilobular fatty changes of hepatocytes. Differential diagnosis includes the HELLP-Syndrome, cholestasis of pregnancy, pre-eclampsia and viral or drug induced hepatitis. Without adequate treatment liver failure with coagulopathy and encephalopathy may develop. Two cases of acute fatty liver in pregnancy in an early stage are presented. Clinical and histopathological findings as well as diagnostic and therapeutic procedures are discussed.
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Knoblauch H, Schuster H, Luft FC, Reich J. A pathway model of lipid metabolism to predict the effect of genetic variability on lipid levels. J Mol Med (Berl) 2001; 78:507-15. [PMID: 11140376 DOI: 10.1007/s001090000156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Complex phenotypes such as serum lipid concentrations involve numerous genes and require the analysis of the combined effects of these gene products. We modeled the interactions of six key lipid metabolism genes by means of differential equations. We tested the model by inserting the effects of known mutations in the low-density lipoprotein receptor gene and the lipoprotein lipase gene, as well as the effects of a high-fat diet, and observed that the predictions corresponded very well to published measurements. Models such as the one that we present here will become indispensable for analyzing and understanding the effects of variation in multiple genes.
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Reich J. Clinical diagnosis of stage I sarcoidosis. Chest 2000; 118:1838. [PMID: 11115487 DOI: 10.1378/chest.118.6.1838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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