Ocorrência de ectoparasitas no roedor Oligoryzomys microtis em regiões ao norte do Departamento de La Paz, Bolívia

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi mapear e descrever a ocorrência de roedores e seus ectoparasitas nas regiões norte do departamento de La Paz, Bolívia. De abril a maio e julho a agosto de 2017, 80 indivíduos da espécie Oligoryzomys microtis foram capturados em armadilhas vivas. Uma amostra aleatória de 36 indivíduos foi analisada quanto à presença de ectoparasitas, encontrando um total de 458 ectoparasitas. Os roedores foram capturados em dois tipos de ambientes: floresta secundária e áreas cultivadas, sendo a área cultivada a área com maior captação de roedores. Dos ectoparasitas, Laelaps sp. foi o gênero com maior abundância e Mysolaelaps sp. o mais prevalente; o gênero Polygenis sp. é aparentemente descrito pela primeira vez na selva amazônica, exigindo estudos adicionais para entender melhor os patógenos que são transmitidos no parasitismo desta pulga em roedores devido à sua importância no ecossistema e para a saúde pública.

Caracterización productiva y organoléptica de huevos de gallinas de campo de la región sierra del Ecuador

En la Estación Experimental Tunshi de la Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, parroquia Licto, a 2712 msnm a una temperatura promedio de 14,92°c. Se evaluó el comportamiento productivo para huevos de gallinas de campo y se analizó las características organolépticas, en 94 aves de traspatios identificadas en la región sierra del Ecuador de las provincias: Pichincha, Bolívar, Loja, Cañar, Tungurahua, y Chimborazo, una vez adaptadas in situ, la investigación tuvo una duración de 120 días. Los datos recogidos fueron tabulados en el programa estadístico SPSS versión Statistic 19, se obtuvo estadísticos descriptivos. Los resultados para peso inicial promedio fue de 1508,78 g; peso final 1502,36 ± 247,61 g; ganancia de peso 175,26 ± 137,20 g; Los parámetros de calidad del huevo fueron: peso promedio 54,95 ± 5,24 g; masa del huevo de 48,15 ± 4,68 g; ancho del huevo de 42,25 mm; longitud del huevo de 55,40 ± 2,60 mm; peso de la cáscara de 6,80 g; grosor de la cáscara de 0,32 ± 0,02mm. Para la medición organoléptica se realizó un análisis sensorial triangular, utilizando 6 combinaciones con 3 repeticiones, total 18 catadores, estos resultados fueron sometidos a Chi-cuadrado obteniendo diferencias significativas en sabor del huevo de campo con relación al comercial. Cabe indicar que la característica de rusticidad en las gallinas, representa un factor importante para la conservación de recursos genéticos, ya que han demostrado poseer una capacidad de adaptación al medio ambiente, que aseguran buenos rendimientos productivos y que resultan interesantes para la seguridad y soberanía alimentaria.

SAT-LB023 Elevated Fasting Plasma Glucose Predicts Higher Odds For Becoming A Super-responder With Gelesis100 In The GLOW Pivotal Weight-loss Study

Background: In a previous pilot weight-loss study, an association was observed between baseline fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels and the effectiveness of the Gelesis100 treatment. The aim of this subanalysis of the Gelesis Loss Of Weight (GLOW; NCT02307279) study is to further assess the association between FPG and body weight (BW) responders in subjects with overweight or obesity treated with Gelesis100, a non-systemic hydrogel. Methods: This subanalysis was conducted in subjects who were overweight or had obesity and who completed the GLOW study. GLOW was a multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled pivotal study with subjects randomized to 2.25 g of Gelesis100 or placebo in capsules taken with 500 mL of water before lunch and dinner while on a hypocaloric diet (-300 kcal/day) for 24 weeks. BW responders at 5% and 10% (super-responders) were analyzed using Logit model comparing Gelesis100 to placebo arms in 2 subgroups of subjects defined by their initial FPG (two consecutive consistent values). Subgroup 1 had normoglycemia (FPG < 100 mg/dL) and subgroup 2 had prediabetes (PD) (FPG ≥ 100 mg/dL and < 126 mg/dL) or untreated type 2 diabetes (T2D) (FPG ≥ 126 mg/dL). Results: The population included 206 subjects (94 males, 112 females, 138 in subgroup 1, 68 in subgroup 2, 105 on Gelesis100, 101 on placebo). In subgroup 1 (mean baseline FPG = 91 mg/dL), BW responders at 5% and 10% in Gelesis100 arm were 60% (placebo arm = 34%, adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 3.1, P = 0.0022) and 22% (placebo arm = 15%, OR = 1.5, P = 0.4254), respectively. In subgroup 2 (mean baseline FPG = 113 mg/dL), BW responders at 5% and 10% in Gelesis100 arm were 72% (placebo arm = 56%, OR = 2.2, P = 0.1509) and 44% (placebo arm = 14%, OR = 6.1, P = 0.0071), respectively. In the overall population, baseline FPG was inversely correlated with BW percent change in the Gelesis100 arm (r = -0.24, P = 0.0144). The safety and tolerability of Gelesis100 demonstrated no increased risk compared to placebo. No serious adverse events were observed in any arm. Conclusion: Gelesis100 offers a compelling new approach in the management of overweight and obesity. Notably, in Gelesis100-treated subjects with PD or untreated T2D, the odds of being super-responders are 6 times higher compared to placebo. This finding may be used as a tool for identifying subjects who are both at higher clinical risk and more likely to achieve greater levels of BW loss when treated with Gelesis100. The mechanisms underlying this finding require further investigations. Unless otherwise noted, all abstracts presented at ENDO are embargoed until the date and time of presentation. For oral presentations, the abstracts are embargoed until the session begins. Abstracts presented at a news conference are embargoed until the date and time of the news conference. The Endocrine Society reserves the right to lift the embargo on specific abstracts that are selected for promotion prior to or during ENDO.

MON-112 Gelesis100 Reduces Insulin Resistance in Patients Who Are Overweight or Have Obesity with High Insulin Resistance: Results of the GLOW Study

Background: Overweight and obesity are predisposing conditions for the development of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes. Insulin resistance caused by excess adiposity is a key factor in this process. Methods: The effect of Gelesis100, a novel hydrogel, was assessed in patients who were overweight or had obesity, without antidiabetic medications, and who completed the Gelesis Loss Of Weight (GLOW; NCT02307279) study. GLOW was a multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled pivotal study with patients randomized to 2.25 g of Gelesis100 or placebo in capsules taken with 500 mL of water before lunch and dinner while on a hypocaloric diet (-300 kcal/day) for 24 weeks. Insulin resistance was measured by homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance and Logit models comparing Gelesis100 to placebo arms in 2 subgroups of patients based on baseline HOMA-IR (subgroup 1, HOMA-IR ≥ 3.0, subgroup 2, HOMA-IR < 3.0). Results: The overall population included 290 patients (132 males, 158 females, 91 in subgroup 1, 199 in subgroup 2, 155 on Gelesis100, 135 on placebo), who were normoglycemic, had prediabetes, or had untreated type 2 diabetes. Statistically significant difference in reduction of HOMA-IR was observed in subgroup 1 (mean baseline HOMA-IR = 5.0) but not in subgroup 2 (mean baseline HOMA-IR = 1.8). Indeed, placebo-subtracted HOMA-IR changes (mean, SE) were -22.3 ± 9.5% (P = 0.0212) and -9.0 ± 9.5% (P = 0.3432) in subgroup 1 and subgroup 2, respectively. Furthermore, in subgroup 1, patients who lost < 5% body weight (n = 44, mean body weight loss = 1.3%) had a statistically significant placebo-subtracted HOMA-IR change of -27.6 ± 13.2% (P = 0.0435), while patients who lost ≥ 5% body weight (n = 47, mean body weight loss = 9.7%) had no statistically significant placebo-subtracted HOMA-IR change (-15.6 ± 13.6%, P = 0.2584). The effect on HOMA-IR decrease was driven by significant reduction in fasting serum insulin. Safety and tolerability of Gelesis100 demonstrated no increased risk compared to placebo. Conclusion: Treatment with Gelesis100 results in a significantly higher reduction in insulin resistance compared to placebo as assessed by HOMA-IR in patients who are overweight or have obesity with elevated baseline HOMA-IR. The results also suggest a potential weight-independent effect of Gelesis100 in the reduction of insulin resistance. If these findings are confirmed in future studies with larger subgroups, Gelesis100 could become a potential new treatment for insulin-resistant clinical conditions associated with overweight and obesity.

Effect of electrode material on the sensitivity of interdigitated electrodes used for Electrical Cell-Substrate Impedance Sensing technology

This study explores the effect of the electrode material on the sensitivity of interdigitated electrodes (IDEs) used in Electrical Cell-Substrate Impedance Sensing (ECIS) technology. This technique is a label-free method to evaluate cellular activity of adherent cells. IDEs of gold (Au), indium tin oxide (ITO) and ITO functionalized with iridium oxide (IrO_x) were characterized with impedance spectroscopy and their interfacial impedances were evaluated in potassium chloride (KCl) solutions. In parallel, ECIS measurements were performed on these three electrode materials during the proliferation of the human breast cancer cell line, MCF-7. The results indicate that the difference in sensitivity to MCF-7 of the three materials might be strongly correlated to their interfacial impedances. We found that ITO electrodes coated with IrO_x show slightly higher sensitivity to MCF-7 breast cancer cells while still offering transparency compared to gold, which is considered the conventional material in ECIS devices.

Diagnostic exome sequencing in children: A survey of parental understanding, experience and psychological impact

Clinical exome sequencing (CES) is increasingly being used as an effective diagnostic tool in the field of pediatric genetics. We sought to evaluate the parental experience, understanding and psychological impact of CES by conducting a survey study of English-speaking parents of children who had diagnostic CES. Parents of 192 unique patients participated. The parent's interpretation of the child's result agreed with the clinician's interpretation in 79% of cases, with more frequent discordance when the clinician's interpretation was uncertain. The majority (79%) reported no regret with the decision to have CES. Most (65%) reported complete satisfaction with the genetic counseling experience, and satisfaction was positively associated with years of genetic counselor (GC) experience. The psychological impact of CES was greatest for parents of children with positive results and for parents with anxiety or depression. The results of this study are important for helping clinicians to prepare families for the possible results and variable psychological impact of CES. The frequency of parental misinterpretation of test results indicates the need for additional clarity in the communication of results. Finally, while the majority of patients were satisfied with their genetic counseling, satisfaction was lower for new GCs, suggesting a need for targeted GC training for genomic testing.

FT-IR and NMR structural markers for thiazole-based γ-peptide foldamers

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has been established as a potent method for the determination of foldamer structures in solution. However, the NMR techniques could be limited by averaging, so additional experimental techniques are often needed to fully endorse the folding properties of a sequence. We have recently demonstrated that oligo-γ-peptides composed of 4-amino(methyl)-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxylic acids (ATCs) adopt an original helical fold stabilized by hydrogen bonds forming C₉ pseudocycles. The main objective of the present work is to reinvestigate the folding of ATC oligomer 1 in order to identify reliable FT-IR and NMR structural markers that are of value for tracking the degree of organization of ATC-based peptides.