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Kataoka Y, John J, Wolski K, Uno K, Puri R, Tuzcu E, Nissen S, Nicholls S. Spotty Calcification Associates with Coronary Plaque Microstructures In Vivo: Insights From Fourier-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography Analysis. Heart Lung Circ 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2013.05.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Arunagiri K, Sekar B, Sangeetha G, John J. Detection and characterization of metallo-beta-lactamases in Pseudomonas aeruginosa by phenotypic and molecular methods from clinical samples in a tertiary care hospital. W INDIAN MED J 2012; 61:778-783. [PMID: 23757897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study was to detect and characterize the presence of metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL) production in multidrug resistant (MDR) P. aeruginosa collected from clinical samples in a tertiary care hospital. METHODS AND MATERIALS A total of 67 non-repetitive isolates of MDR P. aeruginosa recovered from various clinical specimens were screened for MBL production by IPM/MEM-EDTA combined disc test. Polymerase chain reaction was performed on all isolates using bla(IMP) and bla(VIM) consensus primers to characterize them genotypically. RESULTS Among 67 P. aeruginosa isolates, 62.7% (42/67) and 70.1% (47/67) were resistant to imipenem and meropenem respectively and 47 (70.1%) were found to be MBL producers. Among this 47 MBL-producing isolates, 41 (61.1%) strains carried the bla(VIM) gene and 2 (3%) strains carried the bla(IMP) gene. Three strains were phenotypically negative but positive genotypically for bla(VIM) gene. One strain was resistant to both imipenem and meropenem but did not show phenotypic positivity. CONCLUSION This study confirms the dissemination of bla(VIM) genes among MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa and hence it is indispensible to identify and aptly control the threat of horizontal and vertical transfer.
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Walter U, Gold C, Hoffmann W, Jahn I, Töppich J, Wildner M, Dubben S, Franze M, John J, Kliche T, Lehmann H, Naegele G, Nöcker G, Plaumann M, Pott E, Robra BP. [Memorandum - research funding of prevention]. DAS GESUNDHEITSWESEN 2012; 74:526-32. [PMID: 22941740 DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1323687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The memorandum of the research funding of prevention has been devised within the framework of the Prevention Research Funding Programme of the Federal Ministry of Education and Research. It consists not only of the obtained findings of the research-practice co-operation but also of recommendations for the implementation of prospective, innovational, effective, practice-oriented and sustainable research. The respective knowledge has been acquired from quantitative surveys on the experiences of scientists and practice partners within the prevention research funding project as well as from extensive qualitative methods of structured group evaluation. A participatory co-operation between research and practice based on mutual respect, trust and recognition is seen as mandatory for the further development of both prevention and health promotion research. Research and practice partners are required to engage in an ab initio collaboration starting from the conception phase, whereby it is advisable to encourage and fortify the communication between research, practice and funding partners by systematic surveillance in form of a meta-project. In addition, the inclusion of the target population from the outset and on a collaborative basis is considered as beneficial in order to ensure the practical application of the research findings. Furthermore, innovatory research designs which are able to provide a framework for internal flexibility, continuous re-assessment and adjustment are fundamental for the implementation of practice-oriented research. Moreover, a dynamic co-operation between different groups of interest not only depends on sharing responsibility but also on sufficient funding for both research and practice, which is particularly important for the transfer and communication of the attained findings. With regard to the evaluation of both effectiveness and sustainability of interventions, a research funding project is required which makes long-term results possible through the utilization of regulated monitoring and guarantees quality and continuous effectiveness. Furthermore, in order to stimulate progress within the basic theories of prevention and health promotion, it is also essential for a funding project to focus on elementary concepts. Additionally, for the efficient and sustainable development of health within a population it is advisable to apply both self-contained research and the involvement of primary prevention and health promotion to research projects concerning health, social affairs, education, work and environment.
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Baturcam E, Abubakr J, Abu-Farha M, Al-Arouj M, Al-Ghimlas F, Al-Khairi I, Al-Mass A, Al-Mudhaf D, Bennakhi A, Cherian P, Hammad M, John J, Kavalakatt S, Khadir A, Tiss A, Warsame S, Dermime S, Dehbi M. P042 Multiplexed analysis of inflammatory, metabolic and stress markers in obese subjects before and after a defined exercise program. Cytokine 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2012.06.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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John J, Nerella N, Hollander G, Shani J. Right side or left side: an inconspicuous masquerade. Neth Heart J 2012; 20:341-2. [DOI: 10.1007/s12471-012-0299-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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John J. Eradicating polio - Building the boat while sailing. Int J Infect Dis 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2012.05.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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George A, Anwar T, Advani K, Cullington D, John J, Chattopadhyay S. 138 Non-anginal chest pain: not as benign as we would like to believe! Heart 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2012-301877b.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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George A, Chattopadhyay S, John J, Beer S. 147 Post challenge hyperglycaemia: a predictor of poor cardiovascular outcome in patients with ACS. BRITISH HEART JOURNAL 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2012-301877b.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Mani SA, Burhanudin NA, John J. Malaysian undergraduates' knowledge and opinions on Early Childhood oral health. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PAEDIATRIC DENTISTRY 2012; 13:64-68. [PMID: 22455531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
AIM In Malaysia, Early Childhood Caries (ECC) was found to affect 76.2% of 5-year-olds (2005). General practitioners are more likely to encounter preschool children and are in a better position to educate parents and caretakers about ECC and make appropriate referrals. This study assessed the knowledge and opinions on early childhood oral health among medical and dental undergraduates. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross sectional study involved 245 students enrolled in the first year medical (M1) and dental (D1) course and fourth year medical (M4) and dental (D4) course. The students completed a self-administered questionnaire which included knowledge and opinions on early childhood oral health. Comparisons between the groups were done using chi-square test. RESULTS Dental students showed significantly better knowledge than medical students. D1 students showed significantly better knowledge of age of first tooth eruption over M1. Knowledge of recommended age for bottle weaning was higher among D4 students but not significantly more than M4 students. CONCLUSION The majority of medical students showed inadequate knowledge indicating that medical curriculum should emphasise on oral health topics of public health relevance like ECC and its prevention. Dental students had better knowledge regarding early childhood oral health, but lacked knowledge on its preventive aspects.
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Goverde H, Vermang B, Morato A, John J, Horzel J, Meneghesso G, Poortmans J. Al2O3 Surface Passivation Characterized on Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic c-Si by a Combination of QSSPC, CV, XPS and FTIR. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.egypro.2012.07.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Vermang B, Choulat P, Goverde H, Horzel J, John J, Mertens R, Poortmans J. Integration of Al2O3 as Front and Rear Surface Passivation for Large-Area Screen-Printed P-Type Si PERC. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.egypro.2012.07.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Eggemann H, Ignatov A, Krocker J, Neuss K, Elling D, John J, Costa SD. Comparative study of surgical margins and cosmetic outcome in lumpectomy versus segmental resection in breast cancer. Eur Surg Res 2011; 47:231-9. [PMID: 22056494 DOI: 10.1159/000333090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2011] [Accepted: 07/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present retrospective study was to compare two breast-conserving techniques, segmental resection and standard lumpectomy, for the treatment of breast cancer regarding their oncological safety. Quality of life aspects were evaluated by assessing the respective postsurgical cosmetic results. PATIENTS AND METHODS 190 women with breast cancer located in the superior and lateral quadrant were included in the study. Sixty patients were treated with segmental resection (group 1), whereas 130 underwent standard lumpectomy (group 2). Tumor sizes were determined and excised tissue specimens were analyzed for positive or negative resection margins. Patients were given a 16-item questionnaire for the postsurgical self-assessment of the cosmetic outcome. RESULTS No statistically significant difference was found concerning the number of positive resection margins between the groups (25 vs. 30%, p = 0.46). Exceptions were ventral margins, which predominated in group 2 (p = 0.016). Group 1 revealed a significantly larger maximum tumor size with negative margins as compared to group 2 (26.6 vs. 17.0 mm). General satisfaction with the cosmetic results was comparable between groups. CONCLUSIONS Segmental resection surgery, as a method of breast conservation therapy, can be used to treat larger breast lesions as compared to standard lumpectomy.
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Sudarsanam TD, John J, Kang G, Mahendri V, Gerrior J, Franciosa M, Gopal S, John KR, Wanke CA, Muliyil J. Pilot randomized trial of nutritional supplementation in patients with tuberculosis and HIV-tuberculosis coinfection receiving directly observed short-course chemotherapy for tuberculosis. Trop Med Int Health 2011; 16:699-706. [PMID: 21418447 PMCID: PMC3918515 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2011.02761.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of nutritional supplementation on the outcome and nutritional status of south Indian patients with tuberculosis (TB) with and without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection on anti-tuberculous therapy. METHOD Randomized controlled trial on the effect of a locally prepared cereal-lentil mixture providing 930 kcal and a multivitamin micronutrient supplement during anti-tuberculous therapy in 81 newly diagnosed TB alone and 22 TB-HIV-coinfected patients, among whom 51 received and 52 did not receive the supplement. The primary outcome evaluated at completion of TB therapy was outcome of TB treatment, as classified by the national programme. Secondary outcomes were body composition, compliance and condition on follow-up 1 year after cessation of TB therapy and supplementation. RESULTS There was no significant difference in TB outcomes at the end of treatment, but HIV-TB coinfected individuals had four times greater odds of poor outcome than those with TB alone. Among patients with TB, 1/35 (2.9%) supplemented and 5/42(12%) of those not supplemented had poor outcomes, while among TB-HIV-coinfected individuals, 4/13 (31%) supplemented and 3/7 (42.8%) non-supplemented patients had poor outcomes at the end of treatment, and the differences were more marked after 1 year of follow-up. Although there was some trend of benefit for both TB alone and TB-HIV coinfection, the results were not statistically significant at the end of TB treatment, possibly because of limited sample size. CONCLUSION Nutritional supplements in patients are a potentially feasible, low-cost intervention, which could impact patients with TB and TB-HIV. The public health importance of these diseases in resource-limited settings suggests the need for large, multi-centre randomized control trials on nutritional supplementation.
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Armstrong J, John J, Karsli C. A comparison between the GlideScope Video Laryngoscope and direct laryngoscope in paediatric patients with difficult airways - a pilot study. Anaesthesia 2010; 65:353-7. [PMID: 20402873 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.2010.06294.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The GlideScope Video Laryngoscope may improve the view seen at laryngoscopy in adults who have a difficult airway. Manikin studies and case reports suggest it may also be useful in children, although prospective studies are limited in number. We hypothesised that the paediatric GlideScope will result in an improved view seen at laryngoscopy in children with a known difficult airway, compared to direct laryngoscopy. Eighteen children with a history of difficult or failed intubation were prospectively recruited. After inhalational induction, each patient had laryngoscopy performed using a standard blade followed by GlideScope videolaryngoscopy. The GlideScope yielded a significantly improved laryngoscopic view, both with (p = 0.003) and without (p = 0.004) laryngeal pressure. The mean (SD) time taken to achieve the optimal view was 20 (8)s using conventional laryngoscopy and 26 (22)s using the GlideScope (p = 0.5). The GlideScope significantly improves the laryngoscopic view obtained in children with a difficult airway.
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Mani SA, Aziz AA, John J, Ismail NM. Knowledge, attitude and practice of oral health promoting factors among caretakers of children attending day-care centers in Kubang Kerian, Malaysia: a preliminary study. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2010; 28:78-83. [PMID: 20660972 DOI: 10.4103/0970-4388.66741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The role of caretakers at day-care centers has become more imperative in promoting oral health care in children since many new mothers opt to work outside their homes, leaving their children at day-care centers. The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of oral health promoting factors among secondary caretakers of children attending day-care centers. SETTINGS AND DESIGN This was a cross-sectional exploratory study conducted among secondary caretakers in Kubang Kerian, Malaysia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-four caretakers fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria participated in the study. The data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire addressing various aspects of knowledge, attitude and practice of oral health in children. Analysis was done using SPSS version 12.0. RESULTS The knowledge of factors causing dental caries was found to be good among majority of the caretakers, but the concepts of transmissibility of caries and effect of hidden sugars were not evident. Seventy one percent did not know that frequent bottle feeding could cause tooth decay. Attitudes seemed to be governed by the cultural practices of the region rather than the knowledge obtained. The knowledge was not translated to practice adequately. Giving sweetened liquid in bottles was practiced by 53% of the caretakers. CONCLUSION Implementation of nursery-based oral health promotion programs for secondary caretakers is needed to counteract early childhood caries.
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Rogowski W, John J, Schmidtke J. Entwicklung von Kriterien zur fairen und angemessenen Priorisierung genetischer Tests auf lokaler und regionaler Entscheidungsebene. DAS GESUNDHEITSWESEN 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1239081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Richardson A, John J, Armes J, Ream E. 4153 Being a cancer patient doesn't mean it stops when you walk out of the hospital – patients and care managers perspectives of surviving cancer, living life telephone care management programme. EJC Suppl 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(09)70792-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Jayandharan GR, Nair SC, Poonnoose PM, Thomas R, John J, Keshav SK, Cherian RS, Devadarishini M, Lakshmi KM, Shaji RV, Viswabandya A, George B, Mathews V, Chandy M, Srivastava A. Polymorphism in factor VII gene modifies phenotype of severe haemophilia. Haemophilia 2009; 15:1228-36. [PMID: 19686262 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2516.2009.02080.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The basis for 10-15% of patients with severe haemophilia having clinically mild disease is not fully understood. We hypothesized that polymorphisms in various coagulant factors may affect frequency of bleeding while functionally significant polymorphisms in inflammatory and immunoregulatory genes may also contribute to variations in the extent of joint damage. These variables were studied in patients with severe haemophilia, who were categorized as 'mild' (<5 bleeds in the preceding year, <10 World Federation of Haemophilia clinical and <10 Pettersson scores, n = 14) or 'severe' (all others, n = 100). A total of 53 parameters were studied in each individual for their association with the clinical severity. Age, F8:c activity and the incidence of thrombotic markers were comparable between the groups while the median number of bleeds, number of affected joints, clinical, radiological and functional joint scores (P < or = 0.001) and life-time clotting factor use (P < or = 0.007) were different. Patients with severe molecular defects had a 4.1-fold increased risk for a severe phenotype (95% CI: 1.18-14.42, P = 0.026) compared with other mutations. Of the polymorphisms studied, the FVII353Q (RR = 3.5, 95% CI: 1.04-12.05, P = 0.044) allele was associated with a severe phenotype. This data shows that apart from the F8/F9 genotype, functional polymorphisms in FVII gene affect the phenotype of patients with severe haemophilia.
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Rogowski WH, Landauer M, John J. [Decision-analytical modelling of costs per QALY in the context of the German Social Law]. DAS GESUNDHEITSWESEN 2009; 71:739-50. [PMID: 19551622 DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1220756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In 2007, a legal reform introduced formal health economic evaluation for selected reimbursement decisions by the statutory health insurance in Germany. The methods of evaluation are currently under discussion. This study assesses whether an approach based on decision-analytic cost per QALY modelling fits with the legal requirements set by Book Five of the German Social Code (SGB V). METHODS It is based on a review of legal documents and the relevant literature. RESULTS Key specifications for economic evaluation in Germany are the differential interpretations of "benefit" in the relevant legislation as well as the requirement that the methods follow "international standards of evidence-based medicine and health economics" ( section sign section sign 35b, 139a SGB V). In German reimbursement decision practice, new interventions have undergone an assessment of (1) benefit, (2) necessity and (3) cost-effectiveness (prior to the legal reform only exclusion of dominated alternatives). While the establishment of benefit in step (1) is preferably based on clinical trials in current practice, also two different interpretations of "benefit" in steps (1) and (3) would be in accord with SGB V. Methods for establishing QALYs measure and evaluate different dimensions of health benefit based on transparent and theoretically justified methods. They also capture the dimensions specifically stated by section sign 35b SGB V, e. g., extension of life or improvement in quality of life. Compared to ad-hoc synthesis of the different measures of patient benefit from clinical trials, this is more consistent with the standards of evidence-based medicine and health economics. Decision analytical modelling provides a practical and theoretically sound method to integrate the condition-specific evidence for estimating the costs and benefits associated with a medical treatment in health care practice. CONCLUSIONS Both the establishment of health effects in terms of QALYs and decision-analytical models for evidence synthesis meet the requirements of SGB V. Further methodological issues that need to be addressed include guidelines for QALY measures, and the choice of analytical perspective that fits best with German law. This notwithstanding, it remains an open question how the appropriateness of a cost-benefit ratio should be appraised and what role cost-effectiveness should play in health care decision making, compared with other principles potentially relevant to the decision.
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Cornagliotti E, Kang X, Beaucarne G, John J, Poortmans J, Mertens R. High sensitivity photoconductivity based measurement setup for the determination of effective recombination lifetime in silicon wafers. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2009; 80:053906. [PMID: 19485519 DOI: 10.1063/1.3127574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We describe a high sensitivity measurement setup for the determination of recombination parameters in semiconductors at low levels of carrier injection. The setup is based on a lock-in amplifier and on a commercially available contactless conductivity detector. The information on recombination is extracted through the analysis, assuming quasi-steady-state conditions, of the low frequency, sinusoidally modulated photoconductivity signal induced by the illumination of a 950 nm light emitting diode array. Experimental results show a substantial increase in sensitivity with respect to traditional transient or quasi-steady-state techniques based on the same detection principle. The sensitivity bonus can be exploited for the extension of the carrier injection range for which effective recombination lifetime is measurable, both in the case of p-type and n-type wafers.
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Heo CC, Mohamad AR, Rosli H, Nurul Ashikin A, Chen CD, John J, Hiromu K, Baharudin O. Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) associated with pig carcasses in Malaysia. Trop Biomed 2009; 26:106-109. [PMID: 19696735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
An observational study was conducted in an oil palm plantation in Tanjung Sepat, Selangor, Malaysia on August until September 2007 to note the decomposition process of pigs and their related faunal succession. We collected six species of ants (Formicidae) from 3 subfamilies: Formicinae (Oecophylla smaragdina and Anoplolepis gracilipes), Myrmicinae (Tetramorium sp. and Pheidologeton sp.) and Ponerinae (Odontoponera sp. and Diacamma sp.) that were associated with pig carcasses placed on the ground. Oecophylla smaragdina, Pheidologeton sp. and Tetramorium sp. were found on a partially burnt pig carcass whereas the other species were recovered from unburned pig carcass. These ants predated on fly eggs, larvae, pupae and adults. Ants could be found at all stages of decomposition starting from fresh until dry stage. Predatory ants can reduce fly population and thus may affect the rate of carcass decomposition but this was not seen in our study. Even though O. smaragdina was seen at all stages of decomposition of the burnt pig, this did not alter much the decomposition process by fly larvae.
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Paramasvaran S, Sani RA, Hassan L, Hanjeet K, Krishnasamy M, John J, Santhana R, Sumarni MG, Lim KH. Endo-parasite fauna of rodents caught in five wet markets in Kuala Lumpur and its potential zoonotic implications. Trop Biomed 2009; 26:67-72. [PMID: 19696729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Rodents were collected from five wet markets (Chow Kit, Dato Keramat, Setapak, Jinjang and Kepong) in Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory between March to April 2006. Ninety seven rats were trapped using wire traps measuring 29 x 22 x 50 cm baited with fruits, coconuts, dried fish or sweet potatoes. A total of 17 different species of parasites were identified from three species of rats out of which 11 (65%) were identified to be zoonotic. The helminths identified from the urban rats were nematodes- Capillaria hepatica, Gongylonema neoplasticum, Heterakis spumosa, Heterakis sp., Masterphorus muris, Nippostrongylus brasiliensis, Physolaptera sp., Pterogodermatis sp., Rictularia tani and Syphacia muris; cestodes- Hymenolepis nana, Hymenolepis diminuta, Hymenolepis sabnema, Hymenolepis sp., Raillietina sp. and Taenia taeniaeformis, and acanthocephalan- Moniliformis moniliformis. The following parasites are of potential medical importance: C. hepatica, G. neoplasticum, R. tani, S. muris, H. diminuta, H. nana, Raillietina sp. and T. taeniaeformis.
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Sparman A, John J, Wills L. Manchineel poisoning bradyarrhythmia: a possible association. W INDIAN MED J 2009; 58:65-66. [PMID: 19566001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
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Lionel K, John J, Muliyil J. Estimation of Occupational Exposure to Blood and Body Fluid Among Healthcare Trainees. Int J Infect Dis 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2008.05.942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Kehinde E, Al-Maghrebi M, Anim J, John J, Eapen R, Prasad A. POD-5.09: The Effect of Inflammation in the Prostate Gland on Tissue Molecular Markers for Prostate Cancer in Arab Men. Urology 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2008.08.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Krauth C, John J, Aidelsburger P, Brüggenjürgen B, Hansmeier T, Hessel F, Kohlmann T, Moock J, Rothgang H, Schweikert B, Seitz R, Wasem J. [Comments by the Working Group for Methods of Economic Evaluation in Health Care (AG MEG) to IQWiG's Draft Guidelines "Methods for Assessment of the Relation of Benefits to Costs in the German Statutory Health Care System"]. DAS GESUNDHEITSWESEN 2008; 70:e1-16. [PMID: 18661452 DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1077059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Since the coming into force of the GKV-Wettbewerbsstärkungsgesetz ("Act to strengthen competition in the statutory health insurance system") in April 2007, the Gemeinsame Bundesausschuss (G-BA "Federal Joint Committee") can commission the Institut für Qualität und Wirtschaftlichkeit im Gesundheitswesen (IQWiG--Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care") with the assessment of costs and benefits of drugs. In January 2008, IQWiG published a working document for consultation describing the proposed methods for carrying out those evaluations. This commentary by the AG Methoden der Gesundheitsökonomischen Evaluation (AG MEG--"Working Group for methods of economic evaluation in health care") provides a critical appraisal and recommendations for the further development of IQWIG's draft guidelines. The core statements of the commentary are as follows: (1) The draft guidelines are unbalanced. Instead of providing comprehensive methodological guidance for health technology assessment, which is the actual task of IQWiG, they deal predominantly with the methods of technology appraisal which is in the responsibility of the decision-making bodies, i.e. of the G-BA and the Spitzenverband Bund der Krankenkassen ("Central Federal Association of Health Insurance Funds"). (2) IQWiG intends to compare the cost-effectiveness of alternative treatment options only within a given therapeutic area. The rationale for this restriction is not clear, as the decision-makers have to determine ceiling prices across therapeutic areas and diseases and effectively the overall volume of health care expenditure, as well. (3) IQWiG aims at carrying out an economic evaluation only if in a preceding benefit assessment a drug has been judged to be superior. Therefore, it has to be assured that the benefit assessment is performed in such a way that its results may be used for the economic assessment. This requires the application of summary scores for the joint measurement of multidimensional endpoints (as, e.g., QALYs), to evaluate community effectiveness instead of efficacy, and to choose a time horizon that is sufficiently long to reflect any differences in the health benefits between the technologies being compared. Furthermore, the comment hints at some additional problems embodied in the draft guidelines and a number of key methodological issues which are not discussed at all in the working document. In summary, the methods currently proposed by IQWiG are not up to the task of conducting economic evaluations. It is strongly recommended to perform a public consultation process for the revised draft guidelines anew.
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Rajamanickam S, Panose P, John J. 248. Satisfaction After Subarachnoid Block in Anxious Patients Undergoing Knee Replacement Surgery. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2008. [DOI: 10.1136/rapm-00115550-200809001-00454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Sadashivaiah J, John J, Panose P. 105. Feasibility and Effectiveness of Ultrasound Guided Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block as the Sole Anaesthetic Technique for Day-Case Hand Surgery. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2008. [DOI: 10.1136/rapm-00115550-200809001-00196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Mathew N, Sadashivaiah J, John J. 6. Analgesia for Total Hip Replacement- A Comparison of Intrathecal Diamorhine and Continuous Lumbar Plexus Blockade. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2008. [DOI: 10.1136/rapm-00115550-200809001-00289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Thakurdesai M, Mohanty T, John J, Rao TKG, Raychaudhuri P, Bhattacharyya V, Kanjilal D. Synthesis of nanodimensional TiO2 thin films. JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2008; 8:4231-4237. [PMID: 19049209 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2008.an32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Nanodimensional TiO2 has wide application in the field of photocatalysis, photovoltaic and photochromic devices. In present investigation TiO2 thin films deposited by pulsed laser deposition method are irradiated by 100 MeV Ag ion beam to achieve growth of nanophases. The nanostructure evolution is characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The phases of TiO2 formed after irradiation are identified by glancing angle X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. The particle radius estimated by AFM varies from 10-13 nm. Anatase phase of TiO2 is formed after irradiation. The blue shift observed in UV-VIS absorption spectra indicates the nanostructure formation. The shape and size of nanoparticles formed due to high electronic excitation depend upon thickness of the film.
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Mauffrey C, Prempeh EM, John J, Vasario G. The influence of written information during the consenting process on patients' recall of operative risks. A prospective randomised study. INTERNATIONAL ORTHOPAEDICS 2008; 32:425-9. [PMID: 17450358 PMCID: PMC2532278 DOI: 10.1007/s00264-007-0361-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2007] [Revised: 02/21/2007] [Accepted: 02/21/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In a recent article, Leigh (J Bone Joint Surg [Br] 88-B:16-18, 2006) notes that patients do not lay down memory when being counselled as to the risks involved in prospective surgery. In our article we focused on the patients' recall of risk factors involved in elective spinal surgery. We assessed the influence of written information provided to the patients during the consenting process on their recall of operative risks. The study was a prospective randomised study. All patients having elective spinal surgery were included in our study from February 2006 to November 2006 as a consecutive series. Patients were randomised into two groups, one of which received routine consent with verbal explanations (group 1), the other received the same information supplemented by a written sheet explaining the risks of the surgery (group 2). Two weeks later we assessed patients' recall of the risk involved in the surgery with a questionnaire and compared both groups with a Student t-test. Fifty-three patients (twenty in group 1 and twenty three in group 2) were involved. We noted a significant difference between the two groups in terms of mean number of risks recalled and number of patients recalling each risk (p<0.001 and p<0.005, respectively). The addition of a written sheet given to patients during the consenting process makes a significant difference in terms of their recall of the surgical risks in elective lumbar spine surgery. We advocate the routine use of written booklets during the consenting process.
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John J. Diskontierung in gesundheitsökonomischen Evaluationen: Befunde zur herrschenden Praxis in ausländischen Institutionen der „Vierten Hürde“ und zu ihrer Begründung. DAS GESUNDHEITSWESEN 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1086267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Heo CC, Mohamad AM, John J, Baharudin O. On the predation of fly, Chrysomya rufifacies (Macquart) by a spider, Oxyopes sp. Latreille (Oxyopidae). Trop Biomed 2008; 25:93-95. [PMID: 18600210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
During a forensic entomological study conducted in a palm oil plantation in Tg.Sepat, Selangor in September 2007, a spider (Arachnida), Oxyopes sp. (Oxyopidae) was found to predate on a calliphorid fly (Chrysomya rufifacies). The female spider laid a silk thread, or "drag line", behind it as it moved. This spider bites its prey by using a pairs of chelicerae, and injecting venom into the fly. The fly was moving its wing trying to escape, however, it succumbed to the deadly bite.
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Heo CC, Mohamad AM, John J, Baharudin O. Insect succession on a decomposing piglet carcass placed in a man-made freshwater pond in Malaysia. Trop Biomed 2008; 25:23-29. [PMID: 18600201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
This entomological study was conducted in a man-made freshwater pond in a palm oil plantation in Tanjung Sepat, Selangor from 23 July 2007 by using pig (Sus scrofa) as a carcass model. A 1.5 month old piglet (5 kg), which died of asphyxia after being accidentally crushed by its mother, was thrown into a pond. Observation was made for ten days; one visit per day and climatological data were recorded. On the first two days, the piglet carcass sunk to the bottom of the pond. The carcass floated to the surface on the third day but no fly activities were seen. The blow fly, Chrysomya megacephala and Chrysomya rufifacies started to oviposit on the fourth day. Other than adult flies, a spider (Arachnida) was also observed on the carcass. Bubbles accumulated at the mouthpart, and the abdomen was greenish black. A lot of blow fly eggs were seen on the body surface on the fifth day (floating decay), along with first and second instars C. megacephala crawling under the piglet's skin. On the sixth day, adult blow fly, C. megacephala,and C. rufifacies,and muscid flies, Ophyra spinigera and Musca domestica were observed on to the carcass. High numbers of first and second instars of flies were observed wandering around the body surface with C. megacephala larvae being the predominant species. Two prominent maggot masses occurred on seventh and eighth days. Bloated deterioration stage began on day eighth exposing rib bones, humerus bones and intestines. Carcass was partially sinking and the maggot masses were at the water level. On day ninth, the carcass was partially sinking and three maggot masses were observed on the exposed surface. There were very few adult flies, including a scarab beetle was sighted on the carcass at this stage. The carcass along with the maggots sunk on day tenth, leaving an oily layer on the water surface.
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Taepavarapruk N, Taepavarapruk P, John J, Lai YY, Siegel JM, Phillips AG, McErlane SA, Soja PJ. State-dependent changes in glutamate, glycine, GABA, and dopamine levels in cat lumbar spinal cord. J Neurophysiol 2008; 100:598-608. [PMID: 18353913 DOI: 10.1152/jn.01231.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have indicated that the glycine receptor antagonist strychnine and the gamma-aminobutyric acid type A (GABA A) receptor antagonist bicuculline reduced the rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep-specific inhibition of sensory inflow via the dorsal spinocerebellar tract (DSCT). These findings imply that the spinal release of glycine and GABA may be due directly to the REM sleep-specific activation of reticulospinal neurons and/or glutamate-activated last-order spinal interneurons. This study used in vivo microdialysis and high-performance liquid chromatography analysis techniques to provide evidence for these possibilities. Microdialysis probes were stereotaxically positioned in the L3 spinal cord gray matter corresponding to sites where maximal cerebellar-evoked field potentials or individual DSCT and nearby spinoreticular tract (SRT) neurons could be recorded. Glutamate, glycine, and GABA levels significantly increased during REM sleep by approximately 48, 48, and 14%, respectively, compared with the control state of wakefulness. In contrast, dopamine levels significantly decreased by about 28% during REM sleep compared with wakefulness. During the state of wakefulness, electrical stimulation of the nucleus reticularis gigantocellularis (NRGc) at intensities sufficient to inhibit DSCT neuron activity, also significantly increased glutamate and glycine levels by about 69 and 45%, respectively, but not GABA or dopamine levels. We suggest that the reciprocal changes in the release of glutamate, glycine, and GABA versus dopamine during REM sleep contribute to the reduction of sensory inflow to higher brain centers via the DSCT and nearby SRT during this behavioral state. The neural pathways involved in this process likely include reticulo- and diencephalospinal and spinal interneurons.
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John J, Kuiper JH, Kelly CP. Learning assessment at shoulder surgical skills course. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2008; 90:120-2. [PMID: 18325210 DOI: 10.1308/003588408x242097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Surgical skills courses are an important part of learning during surgical training. The assessments at these courses tend to be subjective and anecdotal. Objective assessment using multiple choice questions (MCQs) quantifies the learning experience for both the organisers and the participants. MATERIALS AND METHODS Participants of the open shoulder surgical skills course conducted at The Royal College of Surgeons of England in 2005 and 2006 underwent assessment using MCQs prior to and after the course. RESULTS The participants were grouped as non-consultants (14) and consultant orthopaedic surgeons (8). All participants improved after attending the course. The average improvement was 17% (range, 4-43%). We compared the two groups while adjusting for the association between pre-course score and score gain. We found a strong correlation between pre-course score and score gain (r = 0.734; P = 0.001). Adjusted for pre-course score, we found that the score gain (learning) for the non-consultants was slightly larger than for the consultants, but this did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.247). CONCLUSIONS All participants had a positive learning experience which did not have a significant correlation to the grade of surgeon.
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Pandha H, Rigg A, John J, Lemoine N. Loss of expression of antigen-presenting molecules in human pancreatic cancer and pancreatic cancer cell lines. Clin Exp Immunol 2007; 148:127-35. [PMID: 17302733 PMCID: PMC1868855 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2006.03289.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumours evade immune recognition and destruction through loss or down-regulation of expression of antigen processing and antigen-presenting molecules such as the human leucocyte antigen (HLA class I) and transporter for antigen presentation (TAP). This study examined the expression of HLA class I, class II and TAP in human pancreatic carcinoma tissue and 19 immortalized pancreatic cancer lines using a panel of antibodies directed against allele-specific as well as monomorphic determinants of these molecules. In tissue samples, reduction or loss of HLA class I and TAP was observed in 76% of cases, loss or down-regulation of TAP expression in 53%. In pancreatic cell lines down-regulation or loss of class I and TAP expression was also observed frequently. However, reductions in class I and TAP expression were reversible upon exposure to interferon-gamma in vitro, suggesting a regulatory rather than structural defect in these genes. De novo class II expression was observed in 26% of tumours and 42% of cell lines and may reflect the differentiation status of the cells. The high rate of class I and TAP loss has implications for immunotherapy strategies for pancreatic cancer, as such changes could facilitate a selective growth advantage for malignant cells. However, the reinduction of expression of these molecules with cytokines such as interferon-gamma may ultimately allow their cytotoxic T cell-mediated destruction.
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Icks A, Rathmann W, Haastert B, Gandjour A, Holle R, John J, Giani G. Clinical and cost-effectiveness of primary prevention of Type 2 diabetes in a 'real world' routine healthcare setting: model based on the KORA Survey 2000. Diabet Med 2007; 24:473-80. [PMID: 17381502 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2007.02108.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To analyse the clinical and cost-effectiveness of the primary prevention of Type 2 diabetes in a 'real world' routine healthcare setting using population-based data (KORA Survey in Augsburg, Germany, total population approximately 600,000). METHODS Decision analytic model, time horizon 3 years. INTERVENTIONS Staff education, targeted screening and lifestyle modification or metformin in people aged 60-74 years with a body mass index of > or = 24 kg/m(2) and prediabetic status (fasting glucose 5.3-6.9 mmol/l and 2-h post load glucose 7.8-11.0 mmol/l) (target population approximately 72,500), according to the Diabetes Prevention Program trial. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Cases of Type 2 diabetes prevented, cost (Euro), incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs). RESULTS Under model assumptions, 14 908 people in the target population would develop diabetes if there was no intervention, 184 cases would be avoided with lifestyle intervention and 42 cases with metformin intervention. From the perspective of statutory health insurance and society, costs for lifestyle modification were 856,507 euro (574,241 pounds) and 4,961,340 euro (3,326,307 pounds), respectively, and for metformin 797,539 euro (534,706 pounds) and 1,335,204 euro(895,181 pounds). Up to 5% of the costs were due to staff education and up to 36% to screening. Lifestyle was more cost effective than metformin. ICERs for lifestyle vs. 'no intervention' were 4664 euro (3127 pounds) and 27,015 euro (18,112 pounds) per case prevented from the statutory health insurance and societal perspective. CONCLUSIONS Total cost and cost per case of diabetes avoided was high. Staff education and screening had a considerable impact. In view of the low participation in a routine healthcare setting, with both strategies only a small number of cases of diabetes would be prevented. Before implementing the programme, efforts should be made to improve patient participation in order to achieve better clinical and cost-effectiveness of the prevention of Type 2 diabetes in 'real world' clinical practice.
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Szafranska AE, Davison TS, John J, Cannon T, Sipos B, Maghnouj A, Labourier E, Hahn SA. MicroRNA expression alterations are linked to tumorigenesis and non-neoplastic processes in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Oncogene 2007; 26:4442-52. [PMID: 17237814 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1210228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 520] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is known for its very poor overall prognosis. Accurate early diagnosis and new therapeutic modalities are therefore urgently needed. We used 377 feature microRNA (miRNA) arrays to investigate miRNA expression in normal pancreas, chronic pancreatitis, and PDAC tissues as well as PDAC-derived cell lines. A pancreatic miRNome was established comparing the data from normal pancreas with a reference set of 33 human tissues. The expression of miR-216 and -217 and lack of expression of miR-133a were identified as characteristic of pancreas tissue. Unsupervised clustering showed that the three pancreatic tissues types can be classified according to their respective miRNA expression profiles. We identified 26 miRNAs most prominently misregulated in PDAC and a relative quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction index using only miR-217 and -196a was found to discriminate normal pancreas, chronic pancreatitis and cancerous tissues, establishing a potential utility for miRNAs in diagnostic procedures. Lastly, comparing differentially expressed genes from PDAC with predicted miRNA target genes for the top 26 miRNAs, we identified potential novel links between aberrant miRNA expression and known target genes relevant to PDAC biology. Our data provides novel insights into the miRNA-driven pathophysiological mechanisms involved in PDAC development and offers new candidate targets to be exploited both for diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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John J, Wagner WW, Kuiper JH. Tension-band wiring of transverse fractures of patella. The effect of site of wire twists and orientation of stainless steel wire loop: a biomechanical investigation. INTERNATIONAL ORTHOPAEDICS 2006; 31:703-7. [PMID: 17033766 PMCID: PMC2266649 DOI: 10.1007/s00264-006-0238-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2006] [Accepted: 07/11/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Tension-band wiring is commonly used to treat transverse patella fractures. The most common configuration has parallel Kirschner (K) wires and a stainless steel wire loop placed in a vertically oriented figure of eight. Early mobilisation is important but can cause detrimental displacement at the fracture site. A wooden model of a transversely fractured patella was used to compare different fixation constructs. The fracture was fixed using two K wires and a stainless steel wire loop. One or two wire twists were used, placed either arbitrarily or at corners of the loop. The loop was oriented either vertically or horizontally. Interfragmentary compression at the point of wire breakage and permanent displacement on cyclic loading was measured for each construct. Placement of the figure of eight in a horizontal orientation with two wire twists at the corner improved interfragmentary compression by 63% (p<0.05, Tukey post hoc test). On cyclic loading, all constructs with vertical figure of eight but none with a horizontal construct failed (p=0.01; Fisher's exact test). Permanent fracture displacement after cyclic loading was 67% lower with horizontal figure of eight constructs (p<0.05; t test). Placing wire twists at the corner and a horizontal placement of figure of eight improves stability of the construct.
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Pollak DD, John J, Scharl T, Leisch F, Schneider A, Hoeger H, Lubec G. Strain-dependent regulation of neurotransmission and actin-remodelling proteins in the mouse hippocampus. GENES BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR 2006; 5:200-4. [PMID: 16507010 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-183x.2006.00207.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Individual mouse strains differ significantly in terms of behaviour, cognitive function and long-term potentiation. Hippocampal gene expression profiling of eight different mouse strains points towards strain-specific regulation of genes involved in neuronal information storage. Protein expression with regard to strain- dependent expression of structures related to neuronal information storage has not been investigated yet. Herein, a proteomic approach based on two-dimensional gel electrophoresis coupled with mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/TOF) has been chosen to address this question by determining strain-dependent expression of proteins involved in neurotransmission and activity-induced actin remodelling in hippocampal tissue of five mouse strains. Of 31 spots representing 16 different gene products analysed and quantified, N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein, N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein-alpha, actin-like protein 3, profilin and cofilin were expressed in a strain-dependent manner. By treating protein expression as a phenotype, we have shown significant genetic variation in brain protein expression. Further experiments in this direction may provide an indication of the genetic elements that contribute to the phenotypic differences between the selected strains through the expressional level of the translated protein. In view of this, we propose that proteomic analysis enabling to concomitantly survey the expression of a large number of proteins could serve as a valuable tool for genetic and physiological studies of central nervous system function.
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Semelová M, John J, Šebesta F, Harjula R, Paajanen A. Separation of radiocobalt from npp evaporator concentrate. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s10582-006-1073-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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John J, Kaur S, Budhiraja P, Sud P, Thai H. 550 THE ROLE OF DYSLIPIDEMIA AND HMG-COA REDUCTASE INHIBITORS IN PREVENTING ADVERSE CARDIAC EVENTS IN PATIENTS WITH MODERATE AORTIC STENOSIS. J Investig Med 2006. [DOI: 10.2310/6650.2005.x0004.549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Pollak DD, John J, Schneider A, Hoeger H, Lubec G. Strain-dependent expression of signaling proteins in the mouse hippocampus. Neuroscience 2006; 138:149-58. [PMID: 16361066 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2005.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2005] [Revised: 10/27/2005] [Accepted: 11/02/2005] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Individual mouse strains may differ significantly in terms of behavior and cognitive function. Hippocampal gene expression profiling on several mouse strains has been carried out and points toward substantial strain-specific variation of more than 200 genes including components of major signaling pathways involved in neuronal information storage. Strain-specific hippocampal protein expression, however, has not been investigated yet. A proteomic approach based on two-dimensional gel electrophoresis coupled with mass spectrometry has been chosen to address this question by determining strain-dependent expression of signaling proteins in hippocampi of four inbred and one outbred mouse strain. Forty-six spots corresponding to 37 different signaling proteins have been analyzed and quantified. Statistical analysis revealed strain-dependent expression of serine/threonine protein phosphatase 1, serine/threonine protein phosphatase 2A, large GTP binding protein OPA1, guanine nucleotide-binding protein beta, putative GTP-binding protein Ran, receptor of activated protein kinase C1, WASP-family protein member 1, voltage-dependent anion channel 2 and 14-3-3 protein gamma. Differential expression of signaling proteins in the hippocampus may contribute to the molecular understanding of strain-dependent behavioral and cognitive performance. Moreover, these data highlight the importance of the genetic background for the analysis of signaling pathways in the hippocampus in wild-type mice as well as in gene-targeting experiments.
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von Lengerke T, Mielck A, John J. Soziale Ungleichheit in der Unzufriedenheit mit dem eigenen Körpergewicht, Reduktionsdiät, und Sportverhalten: ein bevölkerungsbasiertes Assessment. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2006. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-944072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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von Lengerke T, Reitmeir P, John J. Direkte medizinische Kosten der (starken) Adipositas: ein Bottom-up-Vergleich über- vs. normalgewichtiger Erwachsener in der KORA-Studienregion. DAS GESUNDHEITSWESEN 2006; 68:110-5. [PMID: 16482491 DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-858994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY To estimate and compare direct medical costs of illness of German adults in different BMI-groups and different degrees of obesity. METHODS In a sub-sample (n = 947) of the KORA-Survey S4 1999/2001, a cross-sectional health survey of the adult population in the Augsburg region (Germany; age: 25-74), visits to physicians, receipt and purchase of drugs, and inpatient days in hospital were assessed over half a year. Body mass index (BMI in kg/m(2)) was assessed anthropometrically. Respondents in normal weight (18.5 < or = BMI < 25), pre-obese (25 < or = BMI < 30), moderately obese (class 1: 30 < or = BMI < 35), and severely obese (classes 2-3: BMI > or = 35) range were compared in their costs of illness via analyses of covariance and regression analyses based on generalized linear models. Physician visits and inpatient days were evaluated as recommended by the Working Group "Methods in Health Economic Evaluation", and drugs by actual costs. Sex, age, socio-economic status (Helmert-Index), sickness fund (statutory vs. private), and place of residence (Augsburg City vs. District of Augsburg or Aichach-Friedberg) were adjusted for. RESULTS While respondents with moderate obesity statistically did not differ significantly in their direct medical costs from those in normal weight or pre-obese range (1,080.14 euro vs. 847.60 euro and 830.59 euro; for users of care: 1,215.55 euro vs. 993.18 euro and 1,003.23 euro [all estimates adjusted and per annum]), those with severe obesity had significantly higher costs (2,572.19 euro; for users of care: 2,964.87 euro). Sub-analyses for individual parameters of health care use revealed that this pattern is largely due to inpatient days in hospital and receipt/purchase of drugs only available on prescription. CONCLUSIONS On average, results indicate excess direct medical costs primarily in people with severe, and less with moderate obesity. In particular, they underline the need to distinguish moderate vs. severe obesity (classes 1 vs. 2-3) in health economics and health services research.
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John J, Hartmann J, von Lengerke T. Volkswirtschaftliche Kosten des Übergewichts: Direkte und indirekte Krankheitskosten normalgewichtiger und adipöser Erwachsener in der KORA-Region Augsburg im Vergleich. DAS GESUNDHEITSWESEN 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-920528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Icks A, Rathmann W, Haastert B, John J, Löwel H, Holle R, Giani G. Cost-Effectiveness of Type 2 Diabetes Screening: Results from Recently Published Studies. DAS GESUNDHEITSWESEN 2005; 67 Suppl 1:S167-71. [PMID: 16032536 DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-858232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes screening is recommended by various international diabetes associations. We conducted a literature research to identify and describe systematically recently published cost effectiveness analyses (CEA) for type 2 diabetes screening. Three analyses were included. One of them was conducted in Germany, based on the data of the KORA survey S4 (1999/2001). Two studies came from the US. The German as well as one of the US studies evaluated cost per detected diabetic case as main outcome. In contrast to the US study, the German study considered incomplete participation in the screening programs as baseline case. HbA1 c testing combined with the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was more expensive than OGTT or fasting glucose testing, but also most effective in detecting cases, due to high participation in this screening strategy. The second US study investigated the lifetime cost effectiveness of type 2 diabetes screening, based on a Markov model to calculate cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY). Effectiveness data were derived from two large intervention studies in clinically diagnosed (not identified by screening) diabetic subjects. The authors conclude that type 2 diabetes screening is cost effective, in particular targeted screening in elderly hypertensive subjects. Diabetes screening may be cost effective. However, the effectiveness of early detection and treatment of type 2 diabetes has not yet been shown, and data regarding the course of early detected diabetes are lacking so far. In the future, the most important question is whether type 2 diabetes screening and early treatment is effective with respect to clinical outcomes.
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von Lengerke T, Happich M, Reitmeir P, John J. Utilization of Out- and Inpatient Health Services by Obese Adults: a Population-Based Study in the Augsburg Region, Germany. DAS GESUNDHEITSWESEN 2005; 67 Suppl 1:S150-7. [PMID: 16032534 DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-858510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to compare out- and inpatient health services utilization by obese and normal weight adults. In a subsample of the KORA-Survey S4 1999/2001 in the Augsburg region, Germany (n = 947, age: 25-74 years), number of visits to general practitioners (GP) and inpatient hospital days were self-reported in three computer-aided telephone interviews (CATI) over half a year. Body mass index, based on measured body height and weight, was used to define obesity according to WHO classification. Participants, stratified in normal weight (18.5 < or = BMI < 25), preobese (25 < r = BMI < 30), obese class 1 (30 < or = BMI < 35) and obese classes 2-3 (BMI > or = 35), were compared via logistic, zero-truncated negative binomial, and multinomial models to elucidate obesity's associations with utilization at all, its frequency, and high utilization. Sex, age, social class, health insurance, and place of residence were adjusted for in all models. Respondents in obesity class 1 were more prone to report at least one visit to a GP than those normal weight (OR = 1.84, p < 0.01), while obesity classes 2-3 were associated with frequent (IRR = 1.63, p < 0.05) and high utilization (OR = 3.57, p < 0.05). Regarding days in hospital, only the extremely obese (i. e. classes 2-3) reported significantly more utilization than those normal weight (days if hospitalized at all: IRR = 3.24, p < 0.05; high utilization: OR = 5.4, p < 0.01). Sex did not play a significant role in any model. Older respondents reported more utilization in terms of GP-visits, while only tending to do so regarding inpatient utilization. Both those with statutory (vs. private) health insurance and rural (vs. urban) place of residence had higher odds to visit a GP at all. Results point to an excess utilization of out- and inpatient health services by especially extremely obese adults, and underline the need to contrast obesity classes 2-3 vs. 1 in health services utilization research.
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