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Guan J, England R, Solomon A, Pang S, Hong K, Singh H. Abstract No. 91 Clinical outcomes of percutaneous biliary endoscopy: a 7-year single-institution experience. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2021.03.517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Zhu K, Zhang J, Zhang C, Zhao Z, Gao J, Li X, Xia X, Xu X, Zhang T, Guan J. Therapeutic efficacy of zoledronic acid combined with calcitriol in elderly patients receiving total hip arthroplasty or hemiarthroplasty for osteoporotic femoral neck fracture. Osteoporos Int 2021; 32:559-564. [PMID: 32989470 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-020-05637-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Zoledronic acid could improve the clinical outcome in elderly patients receiving total hip arthroplasty or hemiarthroplasty for osteoporotic femoral neck fracture in the 1-year prospective study. INTRODUCTION To validate the therapeutic efficacy of zoledronic acid (ZOL) in elderly patients with femoral neck fracture who received total hip arthroplasty (THA) or hemiarthroplasty (HA). METHODS Included in this study were 95 elderly patients with femoral neck fractures who received THA/HA between August 2015 and June 2018. They were randomized into a ZOL group and a control group. Patients in ZOL group received a yearly single dose of 5 mg ZOL intravenous injection plus 0.5 μg/day calcitriol and 1000 mg/day calcium carbonate 2 days before THA or HA. Patients in the control group were treated with the same dose of calcitriol and calcium carbonate only without ZOL. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Bone metabolism markers including the total extension of the peptide type I collagen amino end (P1NP) and beta collagen degradation product (β-CTX) were obtained by serum examination. The postoperative functional outcome was assessed using Harris Hip Score (HHS). RESULTS During the follow-up period, BMD in the ZOL group was improved and significantly higher than that in the control group at 6 and 12 months post-operation. Bone metabolism markers P1NP and β-CTX in ZOL group remained at a relatively low level as compared with that in the control group at 6 months after treatment. No significant difference in the mean HHS and the excellent/good rate of joint function was observed during the follow-up period between the two groups. The occurrence of adverse events in the ZOL group was significantly higher than that in the control group. CONCLUSIONS A single infusion of ZOL shows promise in improving BMD of the healthy side of the femoral neck, lumbar spine, and total hip and decreasing the level of bone markers, which may improve the clinical outcome of patients with osteoporotic femoral neck fractures receiving THA/HA.
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Zhang QJ, Lan L, Xie LY, Zhao C, Guan J, Wang QJ. [Identification of a novel mutation of SOX10 gene and analysis of the phenotype]. ZHONGHUA ER BI YAN HOU TOU JING WAI KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY HEAD AND NECK SURGERY 2020; 55:1050-1056. [PMID: 33210885 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20200122-00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the clinical features and pathogenic mechanisms of a special syndrome with congenital sensorineural hearing loss, albinism, heterochromia iridis, nystagmus and myelin dysplasia. Methods: Detailed medical history, systematic audiology tests, ophthalmic and neurological examinations were carried out to analyze the clinical features of the child, and further molecular genetic tests including chromosome karyotype analysis, and deafness gene screening were conducted. Results: A new de novo heterozygous mutation (c.336G>T/p.Met112Ile) was detected in the child, while both his parents were demonstrated to be wild-type and symptom free. The analysis of clinical features indicated the diagnosis of PCW syndrome. Conclusion: This study identified a new mutation of SOX10 gene, which enriched the mutation spectrum of this gene. And the analysis of clinical characteristics of this patient also expanded the phenotype of this gene. This study provided a reference for clinical diagnosis and genetic diagnosis of PCW syndrome.
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Guan J, Zhu CJ, Hang C, Yang YP. Generation and propagation of hyperbolic secant solitons, Peregrine solitons, and breathers in a coherently prepared atomic system. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:31287-31296. [PMID: 33115105 DOI: 10.1364/oe.398424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We study the generation and propagation of hyperbolic secant solitons, Peregrine solitons, and various breathers in a coherently prepared three-level atomic system, where two lower states are coherently prepared prior to the injection of a strong pump field and a weak probe field. We show that a flat dispersion without gain and loss along with a large Kerr nonlinearity can be achieved in a broad range of probe field frequency. Moreover, optical hyperbolic secant solitons can be easily achieved in such a broad range at a very low light intensity and propagate stably. Due to the enhanced Kerr nonlinearity, we also show that it is possible to generate optical rogue waves and breathers with very weak light stimulus, which is three orders of magnitude smaller than that used in nonlinear fibers. Because the gain/absorption is negligible and the quantum noise of the probe field can be significantly suppressed, our work may pave the way for realizing solitons, rogue waves, and breathers at the quantum level.
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Obore N, Kawuki J, Guan J, Papabathini SS, Wang L. Association between indoor air pollution, tobacco smoke and tuberculosis: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Public Health 2020; 187:24-35. [PMID: 32889229 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2020.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to further quantify evidence of the association between exposure to indoor air pollution (IAP), tobacco smoke etc., on the one hand and the risk of contracting tuberculosis (TB) on the other. STUDY DESIGN This was a systematic review and meta-analysis of articles published between June 2014 and February 2020 in PubMed, Web of Science, among others. METHODS We only included studies that controlled for confounders, screened both the exposed and unexposed study participants, and passive smoking studies that limited the study population to non-smokers. Quality of studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. The analysis was conducted using STATA, and pooled effect sizes were calculated using the random-effects model, and heterogeneity was tested for using the Cochran Q test and I2 statistic. RESULTS A total of 26 articles were included in the final analysis. There was an increased risk of contracting TB among people exposed to IAP (risk ratio [RR] = 1.68, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.108-2.542). We also observed a two-fold increase in the risk of contracting TB from exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke (RR = 2.15, 95%CI 1.419-3.242). Tobacco smoking doubled the risk of contracting TB (RR = 2.67, 95%CI 2.017-3.527). Furthermore, studies that used microbiological tests showed a higher RR compared to those that used other TB diagnostic methods. CONCLUSION Exposure to IAP and secondhand tobacco smoke increases the risk of contracting TB. Various disease prevention campaigns should include IAP awareness and encourage a shift to cleaner sources of energy.
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Zou J, Guan J. FRI0194 IDENTIFYING PHENOTYPES OF PATIENTS WITH BEHÇET’S SYNDROME BY A CLUSTER ANALYSIS IN A LARGE COHORT. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.1971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:Behçet’s syndrome (BS) is a clinical entity with heterogeneous clinical manifestations (1). The symptoms and major organ involvement of BS tend to vary among gender and age (2).Objectives:To investigate the gender associated clinical features and aggregate of patients with BS based on phenotypes and organ involvement in a well-defined large cohort of patients with BS.Methods:This was a single-center study of 1,596 consecutive BS patients in Shanghai, China from 2012 September to 2019 December. We compared clinical variables and conducted a hierarchical cluster analysis applied according to twenty-five clinical variables to determine subgroups of patients.Results:A total of 850 BS patients were included. Male gender was associated with ocular involvement (RR 2.33), vascular involvement (RR 2.05) and cardiac lesions (RR 5.52). Female gender associated with genital ulcers (RR 0.85). Four clusters (C1–C4) were yielded. Cluster C1 (n=165, 19.9%), merely oral and genital ulcer type: consisted predominantly of older females. Disease severity was relatively low, Krause score = 2.32. In C2 (n=365, 43.9%), mix type: was an equal gender distribution with older onset age. Most patients had erythematous nodosum (64.1%) and genital ulcers (82.2%). Cardiac and vascular involvement were observed in 9.3% and 12.1%, which were the highest frequencies among the four clusters. C3 (n=160, 19.3%), intestinal type: was an equal sex ratio with older onset age. All patients presented with intestinal ulcer, while fewer patients had erythematous nodosum and pseudofolliculitis, 20.0% and 25.0% respectively. In C4 (n=141, 17.0%), uveitis type: was predominantly male with younger onset age. Intestinal involvement was negatively associated with uveitis [0.24, (0.13, 0.46), P < 0.0001]. No patients had cardiac involvement in C3 or C4. Regarding the sensitivity of classification criteria, Cheng and Zhang (China) remain the highest in all clusters compared with Japan revised criteria, ICBD, ISG.Conclusion:From our large cohort, the gender-phenotypes analyses suggest that male is a risk factor for ocular and cardiovascular in BS patients. We identify four unique subphenotypes representing different clinical features, intestinal and ocular phenotype clusters represent the two most common manifestations of major organ involvement in BS.References:[1]Bettiol A, Hatemi G, Vannozzi L, et al. Treating the Different Phenotypes of Behcet’s Syndrome. Front Immunol 2019;10:2830.[2]Ishido T, Horita N, Takeuchi M, et al. Clinical manifestations of Behcet’s disease depending on sex and age: results from Japanese nationwide registration. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2017;56:1918-27.TABLE 1.Characteristics of patients with Behçet’s syndrome after clustering on clinical manifestationsCharacteristicsC1 (n=165)C2 (n=356)C3 (n=160)C4 (n=141)Age at onset (IQR), years29 (20-40)28 (20-35)27 (20-38)25 (19-32)Disease duration (IQR), years5 (3-10)8 (3-10)6 (3-10)7 (4-10)Male gender (%)38.952.351.275.2Classification criteriaJPN (%)069.625.083.7CHN (%)98.896.797.599.3ICBD (%)98.889.965.699.3ISG (%)0.672.125.081.6Oral ulceration (%)10010098.199.3Genital ulceration (%)98.282.263.158.9Erythema nodosum (%)064.120.048.9Pseudofolliculitis (%)034.525.027.0Arthritis/Arthralgia (%)036.211.614.2Uveitis (%)0.60.81.9100Gastrointestinal involvement (%)01.11002.7Vascular involvement (%)2.412.11.24.3Cardiac lesion3.69.300Central nerve system involvement (%)4.23.82.53.5JPN: Japan revised criteria; CHN: Cheng and Zhang (China) criteria; ICBD: International Criteria for Behçet’s disease; ISG: International Study Group for Behçet’s disease.Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Zhang C, Xu H, Zou J, Guan J, Yi H, Yin S. 0559 Association of Rapid Eye Movement Sleep with Insulin Resistance in Han Chinese Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is increasingly associated with insulin resistance. The underlying pathophysiology remains unclear but rapid eye movement (REM) sleep has been hypothesized to play a key role. To investigate the associations of insulin resistance with respiratory events and sleep duration during REM sleep, 4,062 Han Chinese individuals with suspected OSA were screened and 2,899 were analyzed.
Methods
We screened 4,062 participants with suspected OSA who underwent polysomnography in our sleep center from 2009 to 2016. Polysomnographic variables, biochemical indicators, and physical measurements were collected. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for insulin resistance as assessed by hyperinsulinemia, the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), fasting insulin resistance index (FIRI), and Bennet’s insulin sensitivity index (ISI).
Results
The final analyses included 2,899 participants. After adjusting for age, gender, body mass index, waist circumference, mean arterial pressure, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and the apnea and hypopnea index during non-REM sleep (AHINREM), the results revealed that AHI during REM sleep (AHIREM) was independently associated with insulin resistance; across higher AHIREM quartiles, the ORs (95% CIs) for hyperinsulinemia were 1.340 (1.022, 1.757), 1.210 (0.882, 1.660), and 1.632 (1.103, 2.416); those for abnormal HOMA-IR were 1.287 (0.998, 1.661), 1.263 (0.933, 1.711), and 1.556 (1.056, 2.293); those for abnormal FIRI were 1.386 (1.048, 1.835), 1.317 (0.954, 1.818), and 1.888 (1.269, 2.807); and those for abnormal Bennet’s ISI were 1.297 (1.003, 1.678), 1.287 (0.949, 1.747), and 1.663 (1.127, 2.452) (P < 0.01 for all linear trends). Additionally, the results showed that for every 1-h increase in REM duration, the risk of hyperinsulinemia decreased by 22.3% (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
The present study demonstrated that AHIREM was independently associated with hyperinsulinemia and abnormal HOMA-IR, FIRI, and Bennet’s ISI. Additionally, REM sleep duration was independently associated with hyperinsulinemia.
Support
This study was supported by Grants-in-aid from Shanghai Municipal Commission of Science and Technology (No.18DZ2260200).
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Liu Y, Meng L, Guan J, Yi H, Yin S. 0713 Association Between Obesity Indices And Obstructive Sleep Apnea Is Modified By Age In A Sex-specific Manner. Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
The beneficial effects of weight loss on obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are highly variable. Whether the variability is associated with the effects of age and sex remains unclear. This study examined this issue with large cross-sectional data.
Methods
A total of 4600 adult males and 1156 females with suspected OSA were included in the study. Anthropometric measurements, polysomnographic variables, biochemical indicators, and medical history were collected for each subject. Multivariable linear regression with interaction terms was used to estimate the modification effect of age on the associations between OSA severity (assessed by apnea-hypopnea index, AHI) with obesity indices (body mass index, BMI; neck circumference, NC; waist circumference, WC) in a sex-specific manner, and vice versa.
Results
BMI, NC, and WC were all positively correlated with AHI after adjusting for potential confounders in all populations. In males, these associations were much stronger and more significant in younger than older individuals (P for interaction < 0.001). For example, a 10% increase in BMI was independently associated with a 31.6% increase in AHI for males < 40 years old, whereas the corresponding increases were 20.8% and 16.7% for males 40-60 and >60 years old, respectively. By contrast, no modification effect of age was observed in females (P for interaction > 0.05). A 10% increase in BMI was associated with 25.6%, 26.8%, and 23.8% increases in AHI for females < 40, 40-60, and >60 years old, respectively.
Conclusion
Age modifies the associations between obesity indices and OSA severity in a sex-specific manner, and vice versa. These findings may broaden the understanding of age- and sex-related heterogeneities in the pathogenic role of obesity in OSA, and may be beneficial for individualized risk evaluation and treatment management for patients with OSA.
Support
This study was funded by Shanghai Municipal Commission of Science and Technology (grant number.18DZ2260200); the National Key R&D Program of China (grant number: 2017YFC0112500); Multi-Center Clinical Research Project from the School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University (grant number: DLY201502); and the Shanghai Shen-Kang Hospital Management Center Project (grant number: SHDC12015101 and 16CR3103B).
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Yin S, Xu H, Zhang C, Zou J, Guan J, Yi H. 0601 Use of The Epworth Sleepiness Scale, the NoSAS, and the STOP-BANG Questionnaire to Identify Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
A variety of scales and questionnaires regarding sleep and sleep-related disorders have been widely used in scientific research and clinical practice, as important tools for differential diagnosis and rapid screening of complex sleep disorders, especially obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). However, the diagnostic efficacy of different scales and questionnaires for patients with different severity of OSA and of different demographic characteristics has not been clearly described. In this study, we evaluated the ability of the most popular scales, including the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), the NoSAS, and the STOP-BANG questionnaire in predicting moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) by gender.
Methods
This cross-sectional study screened 2,031 consecutive subjects referred with suspected OSA from 2012 to 2016. Anthropometric measurements, polysomnographic data, ESS, NoSAS scores and STOP-BANG scores were recorded. Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were performed, and the final predictive models were verified in a validation cohort.
Results
A total of 1,840 adults were finally included. The STOP-BANG questionnaire afforded a better diagnostic accuracy than did the ESS, with different cutoffs for the two genders: 3 in males and 1 in females. A predictive model based on STOP-BANG yielded an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.918 (0.897-0.935), a sensitivity of 79.89%, and a specificity of 89.19%, in males; and an AUC of 0.951 (0.914-0.975), a sensitivity of 80.52%, and a specificity of 95.92%, in females. In the validation cohort, the sensitivity and specificity were respectively 85.44 and 93.00% in males and respectively 83.02 and 87.60% in females.
Conclusion
The STOP-BANG questionnaire was moderately effective when used to screen for moderate-to-severe OSA. A STOP-BANG-based predictive model afforded excellent diagnostic efficacy, which could be applied in clinical practice. However, gender differences must be considered.
Support
This study was supported by Grants-in-aid from Shanghai Municipal Commission of Science and Technology (Grant No.18DZ2260200).
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Yin S, Xu H, Zou J, Zhang C, Guan J, Yi H. 0565 Obstructive Sleep Apnea, But Not Short Sleep Duration, is Independently Associated with Insulin Resistance: A Large-Scale Cohort Study. Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Both short sleep duration and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) seem to be associated with insulin resistance. However, the majority of previous studies addressing the relationship between OSA and insulin resistance did not evaluate short sleep duration, and vice versa. In this study, we used a large-scale hospital-based cross-sectional dataset, including 5,447 participants, to examine 1) whether objectively measured short sleep duration and OSA are independently associated with insulin resistance, and 2) whether the presence of OSA modulates the association between sleep duration and insulin resistance.
Methods
Participants were consecutively enrolled from our sleep center during the period from 2007 to 2017. The index of homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated from insulin and glucose. Sleep duration was determined by standard polysomnography. The associations between sleep duration and insulin resistance were estimated by logistic regression analyses.
Results
A total of 5,447 participants (4507 OSA and 940 primary snorers) were included in the study. In comparison to primary snorers, OSA combined with extremely short sleep duration (< 5 hours) increased the risk of insulin resistance by 34% (OR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.01-1.77) after adjusting for confounding factors that are frequently associated with insulin resistance and OSA. In subgroup analysis stratified by sleep duration, the risk of insulin resistance in patients with a short sleep duration (5-6 hours or < 5 hours) was increased in those with OSA compared to primary snorers, but not in the other three sleep duration groups (6 - 7, 7 - 8, and > 8 hours).
Conclusion
OSA, but not short sleep duration, was independently associated with insulin resistance. It is worth noting that OSA combined with extremely short sleep duration showed a greater detrimental effect than OSA itself with regard to insulin resistance.
Support
This study was supported by grants-in-aid from Shanghai Municipal Commission of Science and Technology (Grant No.18DZ2260200).
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Liu X, Guan J, Tao F, Mao B. Acupuncture Zusanli Regulate COPD Inflammation Through Dopamine D2 Receptor. C31. COPD BASIC MECHANISMS 2020. [DOI: 10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2020.201.1_meetingabstracts.a4755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Sun T, Guan J. Novel coronavirus and the central nervous system. Eur J Neurol 2020; 27:e52. [PMID: 32216009 DOI: 10.1111/ene.14227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Peng J, Li Q, Xu L, Wei P, He P, Zhang X, Zhang L, Guan J, Zhang X, Lin Y, Gui J, Chen X. Chromosome-level analysis of the Crassostrea hongkongensis genome reveals extensive duplication of immune-related genes in bivalves. Mol Ecol Resour 2020; 20:980-994. [PMID: 32198971 DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.13157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Crassostrea hongkongensis is a popular and important native oyster species that is cultured mainly along the coast of the South China Sea. However, the absence of a reference genome has restricted genetic studies and the development of molecular breeding schemes for this species. Here, we combined PacBio and 10 × Genomics technologies to create a C. hongkongensis genome assembly, which has a size of 610 Mb, and is close to that estimated by flow cytometry (~650 Mb). Contig and scaffold N50 are 2.57 and 4.99 Mb, respectively, and BUSCO analysis indicates that 95.8% of metazoan conserved genes are completely represented. Using a high-density linkage map of its closest related species, C. gigas, a total of 521 Mb (85.4%) was anchored to 10 haploid chromosomes. Comparative genomic analyses with other molluscs reveal that several immune- or stress response-related genes extensively expanded in bivalves by tandem duplication, including C1q, Toll-like receptors and Hsp70, which are associated with their adaptation to filter-feeding and sessile lifestyles in shallow sea and/or deep-sea ecosystems. Through transcriptome sequencing, potential genes and pathways related to sex determination and gonad development were identified. The genome and transcriptome of C. hongkongensis provide valuable resources for future molecular studies, genetic improvement and genome-assisted breeding of oysters.
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Lau EMC, Dinavahi R, Woo YC, Wu CH, Guan J, Maddox J, Tolman C, Yang W, Shin CS. Romosozumab or alendronate for fracture prevention in East Asian patients: a subanalysis of the phase III, randomized ARCH study. Osteoporos Int 2020; 31:677-685. [PMID: 32047951 PMCID: PMC7075830 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-020-05324-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Romosozumab, a sclerostin antibody, exerts dual effect to increase bone formation and decrease bone resorption. Among high-risk postmenopausal East Asian women, romosozumab followed by alendronate was associated with lower incidences of fractures vs alendronate alone. Romosozumab demonstrates potential to address an unmet need in osteoporosis management in Asia. INTRODUCTION Romosozumab, a sclerostin antibody, exerts dual effect to increase bone formation and decrease bone resorption. The global ARCH study demonstrated superiority of romosozumab followed by alendronate in reducing fracture risk in high-risk postmenopausal osteoporotic women vs alendronate alone. We report outcomes among ARCH East Asian patients. METHODS In ARCH, 4093 postmenopausal osteoporotic women with fragility fracture were randomized 1:1 to monthly romosozumab 210 mg or weekly alendronate 70 mg for 12 months, both followed by open-label alendronate. Primary endpoints were incidence of new vertebral fracture (VF) at 24 months and clinical fracture at primary analysis (confirmed fractures in ≥ 330 patients and all patients had opportunity to attend month 24 visit). This post hoc analysis was not powered to detect fracture-rate differences. RESULTS This analysis included 275 patients from Hong Kong, Korea, and Taiwan. Romosozumab followed by alendronate reduced risk of new VFs at 24 months by 60% (P = 0.11) and clinical fractures at primary analysis by 44% (P = 0.15) vs alendronate alone. Romosozumab followed by alendronate significantly increased mean bone mineral density at 24 months from baseline by a further 9.0%, 3.3%, and 3.0% at the lumbar spine, total hip, and femoral neck vs alendronate alone. Adverse event (AE) rates, including positively adjudicated serious cardiovascular AEs (1.6% vs 1.4% at 12 months for romosozumab vs alendronate), were similar across treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS Consistent with the global analysis, romosozumab followed by alendronate was associated with lower incidences of new vertebral, clinical, non-vertebral, and hip fractures vs alendronate alone among East Asian patients.
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Guan J, Laroia S, Sharafuddin M, Policeni B. Abstract No. 450 A new standardized interventional radiology learning curriculum: preliminary experience from a single residency program. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2019.12.511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Guan J, Laroia S, Hatcher V, Nagpal P. Abstract No. 534 Does arterial feeder on cross-sectional imaging predict treatment response and survival after transarterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma? Multilevel analysis of 138 patients. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2019.12.595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Yang BY, Gulinazi Y, Du Y, Ning CC, Cheng YL, Shan WW, Luo XZ, Zhang HW, Zhu Q, Ma FH, Liu J, Sun L, Yu M, Guan J, Chen XJ. Metformin plus megestrol acetate compared with megestrol acetate alone as fertility-sparing treatment in patients with atypical endometrial hyperplasia and well-differentiated endometrial cancer: a randomised controlled trial. BJOG 2020; 127:848-857. [PMID: 31961463 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.16108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy of metformin in megestrol acetate (MA)-based fertility-sparing treatment for patients with atypical endometrial hyperplasia (AEH) and endometrioid endometrial cancer (EEC). DESIGN A randomised, single-centre, open-label, controlled trial conducted between October 2013 and December 2017. SETTING Shanghai OBGYN Hospital of Fudan University, China. POPULATION A total of 150 patients (18-45 years old) with primary AEH or well-differentiated EEC were randomised into an MA group (n = 74) and an MA plus metformin group (n = 76). METHODS Patients with AEH or EEC were firstly stratified, then randomised to receive MA (160 mg orally, daily) or MA (160 mg orally, daily) plus metformin (500 mg orally, three times a day). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary efficacy parameter was the cumulate complete response (CR) rate within 16 weeks of treatment (16w-CR rate); the secondary efficacy parameters were 30w-CR rate and adverse events. RESULTS The 16w-CR rate was higher in the metformin plus MA group than in the MA-only group (34.3 versus 20.7%, odds ratio [OR] 2.0, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.89-4.51, P = 0.09) but the difference was more significant in 102 AEH patients (39.6 versus 20.4%, OR 2.56, 95% CI 1.06-6.21, P = 0.04). This effect of metformin was also significant in non-obese (51.4 versus 24.3%, OR 3.28, 95% CI 1.22-8.84, P = 0.02) and insulin-sensitive (54.8 versus 28.6%, OR 3.04, 95% CI 1.03-8.97, P = 0.04) subgroups of AEH women. No significant result was found in secondary endpoints. CONCLUSION As a fertility-sparing treatment, metformin plus MA was associated with a higher early CR rate compared with MA alone in AEH patients. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT For AEH patients, metformin plus MA might be a better fertility-sparing treatment to achieve a higher early CR rate compared with MA alone.
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Haderk F, Fernández-Méndez C, Shah K, Wu W, Guan J, Rotow J, Allegakoen D, Olivas V, Bandyopadhyay S, Kuo C, Bivona T. B01 Active YAP as a Functional Marker of Drug-Tolerant Persister Cells in EGFR-Mutant and ALK Fusion-Positive NSCLC. J Thorac Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.12.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Guan J, Ma C, Ma HL, Wang HR, Liu SQ. [Vaccine loss related to the expanded immunization program in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 2016-2017]. ZHONGHUA LIU XING BING XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA LIUXINGBINGXUE ZAZHI 2019; 40:1590-1594. [PMID: 32062921 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2019.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To assess the vaccine loss related to the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region so as to improve the management of vaccines. Methods: A total of 135 vaccination clinics were randomly selected, using a stratified cluster sampling method. In each clinic, data on vaccination was collected between 2016 and 2017, including the number of doses in routine immunization program and supplementary immunization activities (i.e., vaccine doses in vials that were opened for use) on polio vaccine, number of doses administered to children and the number of doses discarded (e.g., expired vaccine or broken vials that had not been opened for use), etc. Coefficient on vaccine loss was calculated with the following equation: vaccine loss coefficient=(number of vaccine doses used)/(number of vaccine doses administered). The vaccine discard rate appeared as: number of vaccine doses discarded)/number of vaccine doses used. Results: For vaccines in single-dose vials [diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine (DTaP) and trivalent oral polio virus vaccine (tOPV)], the loss coefficients appeared as 1.00 and 1.02, respectively. For vaccines in multi-dose vials [bivalent oral polio vaccine (bOPV), group A meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine (MPV-A), diphtheria-tetanus combined vaccine (DT) and bacilli Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine], the loss coefficients were 1.58, 1.67, 1.68, and 3.02, respectively. The coefficients of EPI vaccine loss in urban, rural, and pastoral area vaccination clinics ranged between 1.00-2.84, 1.00-3.71, and 1.00-2.27, respectively. Loss coefficients ranged between 1.00-3.00, 1.00- 4.41, and 1.00-1.94, respectively, were seen in township clinics, village clinics, and decentralized vaccination clinics. Coefficients on larger vaccine loss were associated with longer intervals between clinic sessions and with fewer vaccinations administrations per day. Conclusions: In Xinjiang, coefficients on the loss of multi-dose EPI vaccines were high. The coefficients on loss were different from the levels of region and types of clinics, and time interval between clinic sessions. Programs on refining the management and distribution of EPI vaccines, to minimize the vaccine loss were recommended.
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Zhao X, Xu H, Qian Y, Yi H, Guan J, Yin S. Glycolipid metabolism involved in the stage special association with nocturnal cardiac autonomic control in obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2019.11.1212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Xu H, Guan J, Yin S. Association between obstructive sleep apnea and lipid metabolism during REM and NREM sleep. Sleep Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2019.11.1180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Qian Y, X. li, Xu H, Li Z, Shi Y, Wu X, Guan J, Yi H, Yin S. Effects of chronic intermittent hypoxia, ANGPTL4 and ANGPTL8 on dyslipidemia in obstructive sleep apnea: evidence from two matched clinical studies. Sleep Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2019.11.870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Xu H, Li X, Guan J, Yin S. Excessive daytime sleepiness, metabolic syndrome and obstructive sleep apnea: two independent large cross-sectional studies and one interventional study. Sleep Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2019.11.629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Zhang XZ, Liu AG, Guo ML, Guan J, Cai SL, Du Q, Zhou CY. Relationship of platelet microparticle CD62P and activated GP IIb/IIIa with hypercoagulable state after atrial fibrillation radiofrequency catheter ablation. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2019; 22:3919-3924. [PMID: 29949168 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201806_15277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The morbidity of atrial fibrillation (AF) is 1%-2% in clinic. Radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) is a type of radical interventional therapy for AF, whereas it may lead to a hypercoagulable state. This study evaluated platelet particle CD62P and platelet activation biomarker GP IIb/IIIa expressions in AF patients treated by RFCA, and aimed to analyze their relationships with the hypercoagulable state after RFCA. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 60 AF patients received RFCA in our hospital were enrolled. The patients were divided into group A as hypercoagulable state group and group B as non-hypercoagulable group. Healthy volunteers were selected as normal control. Serum D-Dimer, parathyroid activity index 1 (PAI-1), and tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) content were tested by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while peripheral CD62P and GP IIb/IIIa expressions were detected by using flow cytometry before, after, and seven days after RFCA. RESULTS D-Dimer and PAI-1 levels increased, while t-PA reduced in group A compared with that in group B and control (p<0.05). D-Dimer and t-PA contents gradually elevated, whereas t-PA level gradually declined in group A before, after, and seven days after RFCA (p<0.05). Serum CD62P and GP IIb/IIIa expressions in group A were significantly higher compared to that in group B and control (p<0.05). CD62P and GP IIb/IIIa levels were significantly higher seven days after RFCA compared with immediate after RFCA in group A (p<0.05). CD62P showed a positive correlation with GP IIb/IIIa in hypercoagulable state patients after RFCA (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS AF patient may appear in hypercoagulable state after RFCA. CD62P and GP IIb/IIIa significantly increased and exhibited a positive correlation.
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Duan WR, Liu ZL, Guan J, Xia ZY, Zhao XH, Jian Q, Lan HT, Zhao ZM, Jian FZ, Chen Z. [Reduction of the atlantoaxial dislocation associated with basilar invagination through single-stage posterior approach: using Xuanwu occipital-cervical reduction surgical suite]. ZHONGHUA WAI KE ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF SURGERY] 2019; 57:63-68. [PMID: 31510735 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5815.2019.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To examine the effect of posterior reduction in atlantoaxial dislocation (AAD) associated with basilar invagination(BI) using Xuanwu occipital-cervical fusion system in single stage. Methods: Thirty-seven AAD accompanied with BI cases treated at Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical Universiy and the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University were retrospective analyzed. There were 15 males and 22 females with age of (42.3±12.3)years (range: 18-69 yars). All the cases had congenital osseous abnormalities, such as assimilation of atlas and abnormal cervical fusion. Anterior tissue was released through posterior route followed by cage implantation into facet joint and occipital-cervical fixation with cantilever technique. The clinical results were evaluated using Japanese Orthopedic Association scale(JOA) and the main radiological measurements including anterior atlantodental interval (ADI),the distance of odontoid tip above Chamberlain line,clivus-canal angle (CCA) and the length of syrinx were collected.The preoperative and postoperative JOA score and radiological measurements were compared by paired t-test. Results: The mean JOA score of the patients increased from 10.5 to 14.4 at the one-year follow-up(t=14.3,P=0.00).Complete reduction of AAD and BI was achieved in 34 patients.The mean clivus-canal angle improved from 118.0 degrees preoperative to 143.7 degrees postoperative(t=6.2,P=0.00). Shrinkage of the syrinx was observed 1 week after surgery in 24 patients, and 6 months in 31 patients. Twenty-eight patients achieved bone fusion 6 months after surgery. All the patients achieved bone fusion 12 months after surgery. One-side vertebral artery occlusion was diagnosed in 1 case postoperatively for transient dizziness, and relieved in 2 weeks. Two patients developed moderate neck pain after surgery, and relieved in 1 month. No implant failure, spacer subsidence or infection was observed. Conclusions: The treatment of AAD associated with BI using Xuanwu occipital-cervical fusion system from posterior approach in single stage is effective and safe. Cage implantation intraarticularly and fixation with cantilever technique achieve complete reduction in most cases.
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