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Schaefer K. Erfolgreiche Behandlung der Meningitis epidemica des Erwachsenen mit Sulfanilamid-Pyridin (Eubasinum). Dtsch Med Wochenschr 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1122389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Tashkin DP, Donohue JF, Mahler DA, Huang H, Goodwin E, Schaefer K, Hanrahan JP, Andrews WT. Effects of arformoterol twice daily, tiotropium once daily, and their combination in patients with COPD. Respir Med 2009; 103:516-24. [PMID: 19208459 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2008.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2008] [Revised: 12/17/2008] [Accepted: 12/19/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Current guidelines support using in combination more than one class of long-acting bronchodilator for COPD patients whose symptoms are not controlled by mono-therapy. This 2-week, multi-center (34 sites), randomized, modified-blind, parallel group study evaluated the efficacy and safety of concomitant treatment with nebulized arformoterol (the formoterol(R,R)-isomer) BID and tiotropium DPI QD. METHODS COPD patients (mean FEV(1) 1.37L, 45.4% predicted) were randomized to receive mono-therapy (either arformoterol 15microg BID [n=76] or tiotropium 18microg QD [n=80]), or combined therapy (sequential dosing of arformoterol 15microg BID and tiotropium 18microg QD [n=78]). Changes in pulmonary function, dyspnea, and rescue levalbuterol use were evaluated, as were safety outcomes. RESULTS Mean FEV(1)AUC(0-24) (the primary endpoint) improved similarly from baseline for arformoterol (0.10L) and tiotropium (0.08L) treatment groups and greater for the combined therapy group (0.22L; all p-values <0.005). Peak FEV(1), peak FVC, 24-h trough FEV(1), and inspiratory capacity also improved similarly for the mono-therapies and greatest for the combined therapy. Dyspnea (mean transition dyspnea index) improved similarly for arformoterol (+2.3) and tiotropium (+1.8) and greatest with combined therapy (+3.1; p-values <0.05). Levalbuterol use decreased for all treatment groups (range -1.8 to -2.5 actuations/day). All treatments had similar frequency of adverse events. CONCLUSION In this study, the combination of nebulized arformoterol 15microg BID plus tiotropium 18microg DPI QD was the most effective in improving pulmonary function and disease symptoms. Mono-therapy improvement with arformoterol or tiotropium was similar. All three treatments were well tolerated.
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Jonke E, Prossinger H, Bookstein FL, Schaefer K, Bernhard M, Freudenthaler JW. Secular trends in the European male facial skull from the Migration Period to the present: a cephalometric study. Eur J Orthod 2008; 30:614-20. [DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjn065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Henderson LW, Schaefer K. A Note from the Editors. Blood Purif 2008. [DOI: 10.1159/000169408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Pauls A, Grigoleit HG, von Herrath D, Schaefer K. Comparison of Drug Elimination by Current Methods of Blood Purification. Blood Purif 2008. [DOI: 10.1159/000169307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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von Herrath D, Hüfler M, Pauls A, Hajdú P, Schaefer K. Effect of a Calcium Infusion on the Vascular Stability during Hemodialysis. Blood Purif 2008. [DOI: 10.1159/000169306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Rafail S, Ritis K, Schaefer K, Kourtzelis I, Speletas M, Doumas M, Giaglis S, Kambas K, Konstantinides S, Kartalis G. Leptin induces the expression of functional tissue factor in human neutrophils and peripheral blood mononuclear cells through JAK2-dependent mechanisms and TNFalpha involvement. Thromb Res 2008; 122:366-75. [PMID: 18308368 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2007.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2007] [Revised: 11/08/2007] [Accepted: 12/04/2007] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Leptin is an adipocyte-derived cytokine primarily involved in the regulation of body weight and energy balance. In vivo studies suggest that leptin promotes platelet aggregation and thrombosis. Neutrophils are involved in the crosstalk between inflammation and thrombosis in clinical disorders. Leptin is also involved in the regulation of inflammation. AIM We examined the in vitro effects of leptin on the expression of tissue factor (TF), the primary initiator of coagulation, in healthy neutrophils. MATERIALS AND METHODS/RESULTS The effects on TF expression were assayed functionally using a modified prothrombin time (mPT), as well as at mRNA and protein levels. The same experiments were performed in parallel with PBMC. Leptin induced functional TF and increased TF mRNA and protein expression in both cell types, as determined by mPT, real-time RT-PCR, western blot, flow cytometry, immunocytochemistry. Inhibition studies revealed that the effect of leptin on TF expression is mediated, at least in part, by JAK2 and PI3K. Our findings, after neutralising TNFalpha in supernatants of leptin-treated cells, also suggest the involvement of TNFalpha in the leptin-induced TF expression in leukocytes. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates a novel link between inflammation, obesity and thrombosis by showing that leptin is able to trigger the extrinsic coagulation cascade. This work suggests a possible mechanism of the thrombotic effects of hyperleptinemic-associated clinical disorders.
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Humpert PM, Papadopoulos G, Schaefer K, Djuric Z, Konrade I, Morcos M, Nawroth PP, Bierhaus A. sRAGE and esRAGE are not associated with peripheral or autonomic neuropathy in type 2 diabetes. Horm Metab Res 2007; 39:899-902. [PMID: 18046662 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-993155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The receptor for glycation end-products RAGE was previously shown to play a central role in the development of diabetic neuropathy. The present study was aimed to investigate, whether plasma levels of the soluble forms of RAGE are associated with neuropathy in type 2 diabetes. One-hundred and eight patients were screened for peripheral and autonomic diabetic neuropathy using standardized screening tests. No differences in the levels of soluble RAGE or the more defined endogenous secretory RAGE were observed in patients categorized into having no, mild, moderate, or severe deficits in the neuropathy disability or symptom score. In bivariate analysis, neither soluble RAGE nor endogenous secretory RAGE correlated with the expiration to inspiration ratio of heart rate variability. In multivariate models, the neuropathy disability score was independently associated with age (beta=0.38, p<0.01), glomerular filtration rate (beta=0.28, p<0.01) and the presence of retinopathy (beta=0.27, p<0.01), while the neuropathy symptom score was associated with age (beta=0.31, p<0.01) and fasting glucose (beta=0.24, p<0.05). The expiration to inspiration ratio of heart rate variability was associated with age (beta=-0.42, p<0.01), the body-mass-index (beta=-0.28, p<0.01) and presence of retinopathy (beta=-0.19, p<0.05). In contrast to classical risk factors, plasma soluble RAGE and endogenous secretory RAGE are not associated with measures of diabetic neuropathy in type 2 diabetes patients.
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Pearlman D, Rees W, Huang H, Schaefer K, Andrews W. AN EVALUATION OF LEVALBUTEROL HFA IN THE PREVENTION OF EXERCISE-INDUCED BRONCHOSPASM. Chest 2006. [DOI: 10.1378/chest.130.4_meetingabstracts.163s-d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Lelièvre CP, Magnani G, Ramaroson R, Gouriou F, Talbaut M, Fréjafon E, Schuermann G, Schaefer K, Cornier I, Emeis S, Vannier F, Paux E, Copalle A, Perros P. Air quality and engine emission at Paris CDG airport during AIRPUR field campaigns. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.2495/air06027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Foss S, Schmidt JR, Andersen T, Rasmussen JJ, Damsgaard J, Schaefer K, Munck LK. Congruence on medication between patients and physicians involved in patient course. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2004; 59:841-7. [PMID: 14685801 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-003-0708-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2003] [Accepted: 11/13/2003] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyse congruence on medication throughout patient courses, including an acute admission to a medical department. DESIGN A prospective, observational study. Data were collected from patient records in primary health care, hospital departments, from the Health Insurance database and through patient interviews. SETTING Departments of internal medicine, general practice and patients' homes. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Number, type and character of discrepancies between paired sources of information on patient medication at predefined time points throughout the complete patient course. Assessment of likelihood and severity of potential untoward effects of discrepancies. RESULTS Data were obtained for 75 of 99 consecutive patients included. Patients stated use of four drugs (median, range 0-17) at admission, five (0-16) at discharge and four (0-15) 1 month after discharge. At admission, 11 patients used no drugs. A median of one (0-20) to three (0-16) discrepancies per patient were identified in seven paired source comparisons with no improvement along patient course. Full agreement throughout the course was found in six patients (8%; 95% confidence interval: 3-17%). No association was found among source discrepancies and number of drugs and age. Of discrepancies, 4-13% were considered serious and likely to cause untoward effects. Discrepancies due to synonymous and analogous drugs accounted for 2-7% of the discrepancies. CONCLUSION Congruence between sources of information on medication throughout patient courses cannot be obtained with separate medication charts. Discrepancies among patient, general practitioner and hospital give rise to a definitive risk of serious untoward effects.
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Schaefer K, von Herrath D, Faust J, Röhrich B. The very elderly dialysis patient: indication and discontinuation of dialysis. Int Urol Nephrol 2003; 34:573-6. [PMID: 14577507 DOI: 10.1023/a:1025692020673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
1. When the current available data in the literature is summarized it becomes evident that the majority of it supports the position that it is, at least for medical reasons, not advisable to exclude patients over the age of 80 years from chronic dialysis. 2. It is correct to say that the refusal of dialysis therapy for elderly dialysis patients would lead to a not insignificant cutting of costs, although elderly patients are not as 'expensive' as younger dialysis patients. 3. The decision to exclude patients over 80 from dialysis treatment is difficult, in our opinion, to support ethically. 4. The refusal of therapy by a dialysis patient--independent of his age--can only occur with his/her consent, as long as the patient is clearly conscious of the decision. 5. Should the patient no longer be in the condition to exercise his/her autonomy, and there is no AD, the Surrogate's Court must be consulted. 6. AD can be seen as helpful, since they not only make the decisions for physicians easier, but also because they can be seen as an act of care for family members. 7. Whenever dialysis therapy is discontinued the problematic nature of so-called essential care should be carefully considered, especially if no clear position has been taken in an AD.
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Floro MS, Schaefer K. Restructuring of labor markets in the Philippines and Zambia: the gender dimension. JOURNAL OF DEVELOPING AREAS 2002; 33:73-98. [PMID: 12322204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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Schaefer K, Asmus KD. Reaction of thiols and disulfides with phosphite radicals. A chain mechanism and RS.cntdot./PO32-.cntdot. equilibrium. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/j150607a024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Schaefer K, Bonifacic M, Bahnemann D, Asmus KD. Addition of oxygen to organic sulfur radicals. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/j100515a005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Schaefer K, Asmus KD. Phosphite radicals and their reactions. Examples of redox, substitution, and addition reactions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/j100454a010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Bonifacic M, Schaefer K, Moeckel H, Asmus KD. Primary steps in the reactions of organic disulfides with hydroxyl radicals in aqueous solution. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/j100582a003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Ponterotto JG, Rao V, Zweig J, Rieger BP, Schaefer K, Michelakou S, Armenia C, Goldstein H. The relationship of acculturation and gender to attitudes toward counseling in Italian and Greek American college students. CULTURAL DIVERSITY & ETHNIC MINORITY PSYCHOLOGY 2001; 7:362-75. [PMID: 11759272 DOI: 10.1037/1099-9809.7.4.362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This exploratory study examined attitudes toward professional psychological services and help provider characteristics among 232 self-identified Italian and Greek American college students in 3 Northeast colleges. Regarding general attitudes toward psychological services in the Italian American sample, women had a greater recognition of personal need for help and higher confidence in the ability of mental health professionals to meet these needs than did men. With regard to preferred counselor demographic characteristics, regardless of gender, lower acculturated Italian American students had a stronger preference for seeing an ethnically similar counselor. With the Greek American sample, there was an interaction effect between acculturation level and gender on attitudes toward services. Among the higher acculturated Greek students, women were more open regarding their personal concerns than men; however, within the lower acculturated cohort, no gender differences were found. With regard to counselor characteristic variables, and similar to Italian Americans, regardless of gender, lower acculturated Greek Americans had a stronger preference for seeing an ethnically similar counselor to discuss a personal problem. Limitations and implications for further research are noted.
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Schaefer K, von Herrath D, Röhrich B. Outcome of renal replacement therapy in the very elderly. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2001; 16:1721-2. [PMID: 11477187 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/16.8.1721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Valliant JF, Riddoch RW, Dolovich M, Chirakal R, Hong Y, Bakale RP, Wald SA, Schaefer K. Two approaches for the syntheis of carbon-11 labeled (R) and (S)-albuterol. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.2580440147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Damsgaard JJ, Schaefer K, Michelsen JW, Frimodt-Møller N, Munck AP, Vach K, Kragstrup J. [Antibiotic treatment of infections in general practice. Effect of audit assessed by prescriptions data from health insurance registry and physicians' own registration]. Ugeskr Laeger 2001; 163:165-8. [PMID: 11379242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
The aim was to study whether an audit of treatment of infections in general practice resulted in changed prescribing habits. In 1995-1996 forty-six general practitioners (GP's) from the County of Roskilde participated in an audit regarding infectious diseases (incl. course participation and preparation of treatment guidelines). The effect evaluation was done on the basis of 1) two self-registrations of antibiotic prescriptions carried out with one year's interval, and 2) prescribing data from the National Insurance database collected over two periods, before the first and second self-registration respectively. The number of patients not receiving antibiotics increased significantly from 47.2% to 52.4% after intervention. The self-registration did not show any change in choice of antibiotics, while the registry data showed a shift from broad-spectrum to narrow-spectrum penicillin. This change was, however, also found among the GP's, who did not participate in the audit. The study demonstrated that audit can result in changes in prescribing patterns, but at the same time emphasizes the need for inclusion of external data sources and control groups in the evaluation of intervention effects.
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Eibach U, Schaefer K. Advanced directives: results of a patient survey and commentary from the ethical perspective. Nephron Clin Pract 2000; 78:373-7. [PMID: 9578062 DOI: 10.1159/000044964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Schaefer K, Röhrich B. The dilemma of renal replacement therapy in patients over 80 years of age. Dialysis should not be withheld. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1999; 14:35-6. [PMID: 10052472 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/14.1.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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