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Mori A, Arii S, Furutani M, Hanaki K, Takeda Y, Moriga T, Kondo Y, Gorrin Rivas MJ, Imamura M. Vascular endothelial growth factor-induced tumor angiogenesis and tumorigenicity in relation to metastasis in a HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cell model. Int J Cancer 1999; 80:738-43. [PMID: 10048976 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0215(19990301)80:5<738::aid-ijc18>3.0.co;2-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Although vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is well known to be a potent mitogen for vascular endothelial cells, the role of VEGF in a developmental process of tumor angiogenesis and metastatic potential remains poorly understood. The present study was designed to investigate VEGF-induced vascular formation from a spatiotemporal viewpoint and to analyze VEGF-enhanced metastatic potential using stable clones of HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells transfected with VEGF cDNA (S) or with vector alone (V). Microangiography revealed massive angiogenesis in the S cell-derived tumors and demonstrated that the angiogenesis occurred not in the tumor itself, but rather around the S cell tumor early after inoculation into the thigh muscles of mice. Thereafter, the angiogenesis extended in and around the tumor. The tumorigenicity of the S cells was higher than the V cells in the subcutaneous (s.c.) space, intraperitoneal space, liver and spleen. However, neither S cells nor V cells metastasized to the liver after an intrasplenic injection. Few apoptotic cells were detected in the S cell tumor, but many apoptotic cells were scattered in the V cell tumor. Our results indicate that VEGF facilitates tumorigenicity in various organs, possibly due to inducing angiogenesis in and around the tumor and preventing tumor cells from undergoing apoptosis, and suggest that VEGF may augment metastatic potential, by accelerating proliferative activity after reaching the target organ. Furthermore, VEGF-induced angiogenesis occurred preferentially around the tumor at an early period of tumor development, followed by neovascularization into the tumor.
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Hayashi M, Maeda A, Kihara M, Arai S, Hanaki K, Nozaki T. Inhibitory effects of modified oligonucleotides complementary to the leader RNA on the multiplication of mouse hepatitis virus. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 1998; 440:701-5. [PMID: 9782347 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-5331-1_90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorothioate oligonucleotides (PS-oligo) and PS-oligos with cholesterol conjugates (ChPS-oligo) complementary to the leader RNA of strain JHM of mouse hepatitis virus (JHMV) were more effective inhibitors of viral multiplication than natural oligodeoxynucleotides (PO-oligo) in JHMV-infected DBT cells. PS- and ChPS-oligos were 1,000 times more potent than unmodified PO-oligo. No significant difference was observed in the inhibitory efficiency between PS-oligo and ChPS-oligo. Sequence-dependent inhibition of viral multiplication was shown at low concentrations (0.001-0.1 M) of antisense PS-oligo and ChPS-oligo. Phosphorothioate oligodeoxycytidine, PS-(dC)20, and PS-(dC)20 with cholesterol conjugates, and PS- and ChPS-oligo which have no significant homology to the JHMV sequences, showed inhibitory effects on JHMV multiplication at concentrations higher than 0.5 M. These results showed that PS-oligo and ChPS-oligo were more potent than PO-oligo in the inhibition of JHMV multiplication, and that PS-oligo and ChPS-oligo may inhibit JHMV multiplication by two different mechanisms, that is by sequence-dependent and sequence-independent manners.
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Oshima M, Odawara T, Hanaki K, Igarashi H, Yoshikura H. cis Elements required for high-level expression of unspliced Gag-containing message in Moloney murine leukemia virus. J Virol 1998; 72:6414-20. [PMID: 9658082 PMCID: PMC109795 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.72.8.6414-6420.1998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The 441-nucleotide (nt) region (nt 5325 to 5766) around the splice acceptor (SA) site (nt 5491) was found to be necessary for high-level expression of gag-containing unspliced RNA of Moloney murine leukemia virus (M. Oshima, T. Odawara, T. Matano, H. Sakahira, K. Kuchino, A. Iwamoto, and H. Yoshikura, J. Virol. 70:2286-2295, 1996). Detailed genetic dissection of the 441-nt region revealed that the 5'-end 64 nt (nt 5325 to 5389) were necessary for high-level expression of the unspliced RNA when the spliced RNA was not produced, while the 3'-side 301 nt (nt 5466 to 5766) containing the SA site were necessary for producing spliced RNA. When the spliced RNA was produced, the unspliced RNA could be expressed at a high level even when the 5'-end 64 nt were absent. Probably the virus sequence ensuring the splicing could produce an RNA structure able to compensate for the function of the 5'-end 64-nt region responsible for the expression of the unspliced RNA.
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Nakajima N, Hanaki K, Shimizu YK, Ohnishi S, Gunji T, Nakajima A, Nozaki C, Mizuno K, Odawara T, Yoshikura H. Hybridization-AT-tailing (HybrAT) method for sensitive and strand-specific detection of DNA and RNA. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1998; 248:613-20. [PMID: 9703975 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1998.9049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
delta Tth DNA polymerase catalyzed polymerization of dATP and dTTP into a high-molecular-weight d(A-T) copolymer using oligo-d(A-T) as the template/primer (Hanaki et al., Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 244, 210-219). Taking advantage of this reaction, we developed a highly sensitive method for strand-specific detection of DNA or RNA. The probe consisted of a 40- to 50-base-long complementary sequence on the 5' side and 10 repeats of AT on the 3' side. After hybridization using the 5' side, the 3' side AT repeat region was elongated by delta Tth DNA polymerase in the presence of the dATP, dTTP, and digoxigenin (dig)-11-dUTP. The elongation condition was 52-62 degrees C for 3 h. The method named HybrAT (hybridization-AT-tailing) was at least 100-fold more sensitive than the conventional hybridization with 5' end dig-11-dUTP labeled probe.
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Hanaki K, Odawara T, Nakajima N, Shimizu YK, Nozaki C, Mizuno K, Muramatsu T, Kuchino Y, Yoshikura H. Two different reactions involved in the primer/template-independent polymerization of dATP and dTTP by Taq DNA polymerase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1998; 244:210-9. [PMID: 9514904 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1998.8237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Taq and Tth DNA polymerases catalyzed polymerization of dATP and dTTP into poly d(A-T) without requiring added primer/template (Hanaki et al., Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 238, 113-118), while the Stoffel fragment of Taq DNA polymerase and delta Tth DNA polymerase with respective deletions of ca. 290 and 250 N-terminal amino acids did not. The primer/template-independent polymerization appeared to proceed via two reactions, the slow process of formation of 16-19 nt long oligo d(A-T) without primer/template and the rapid process of elongation of the oligo d(A-T) by self-priming. As the former step was more sensitive to N-ethylmaleimide than the elongation reaction, probably the formation of the oligonucleotide preceded the elongation. But when the substrates were depleted, Taq DNA polymerase degraded the high molecular weigh d(A-T) polymer to the oligomers which were resistant to the further digestion by the 5'-->3' exonuclease activity of Taq DNA polymerase. Probably, the elongation and the degradation reactions proceeded simultaneously, the former process being faster than the latter in the presence of enough dATP and dTTP.
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Hanaki K, Odawara T, Muramatsu T, Kuchino Y, Masuda M, Yamamoto K, Nozaki C, Mizuno K, Yoshikura H. Primer/template-independent synthesis of poly d(A-T) by Taq polymerase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1997; 238:113-8. [PMID: 9299462 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1997.7197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Taq DNA polymerase polymerized dATP and dTTP to poly d(A-T) without requiring added primer/template in the temperature range of 60-70 degrees C. Tth DNA polymerase also catalyzed the reaction, while delta Tth, Vent, Vent(exo-), Pfu, Ultma, BcaBEST, and KOD DNA polymerases did not. The reaction was distinct from the template-nonrequiring terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase reaction which absolutely required primers.
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Nakae J, Tajima T, Sugawara T, Arakane F, Hanaki K, Hotsubo T, Igarashi N, Igarashi Y, Ishii T, Koda N, Kondo T, Kohno H, Nakagawa Y, Tachibana K, Takeshima Y, Tsubouchi K, Strauss JF, Fujieda K. Analysis of the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) gene in Japanese patients with congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia. Hum Mol Genet 1997; 6:571-6. [PMID: 9097960 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/6.4.571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Genomic DNA from 19 Japanese patients with congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia (lipoid CAH) representing 16 different families was examined to identify the genetic alterations of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR). Ten of 19 patients had a 46,XX karyotype and nine had a 46,XY karyotype. Six of the 46,XX patients have experienced spontaneous pubertal changes including breast development and irregular menstruation whereas none of the 46,XY subjects displayed pubertal changes. Eight different mutations were identified. Sixteen patients were either homozygotes or compound heterozygotes for the Q258X mutation. The seven other mutations identified were 189delG, 246insG, 564del13bp, 838delA, Q212X, A218V and M225T. The 189delG, 246insG, 546del13bp and Q212X mutants encode truncated proteins. COS-1 cells transfected with expression vectors encoding cDNAs for the mutant StAR proteins which affect the C-terminus, 838delA, A218V and Q258X, exhibited no steroidogenesis enhancing activity. However, the M225T mutant retained some steroidogenic activity. The patient with the M225T mutation had late onset of this disorder and some capacity to secrete testosterone in response to hCG. These findings suggest: (i) that the Q258X mutation can be used as a genetic marker for the screening of Japanese for lipoid CAH, (ii) that the C-terminus of StAR plays an important role in the protein's activity and (iii) that there are differences in the extent of functional impairment of the testis and ovaries in lipoid CAH.
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Tsukuda T, Nagata I, Sawada H, Murakami J, Hanaki K, Urashima H, Kaneda T, Shimizu N, Kaibara N, Kodama N, Ohzeki T, Shiraki K. Partial monosomy 10q and partial trisomy 9q with anal atresia due to maternal translocation: t(9;10)(q32;q26). Clin Genet 1996; 50:220-2. [PMID: 9001803 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.1996.tb02630.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We report a case of a boy with a partial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 10 and partial duplication of the long arm of chromosome 9 due to maternal balanced translocation. The karyotype was 46,XY,-10, +der(10)t(9;10)(q32;q26)mat. Our patient had imperforate anus and as this finding is usually not observed in association with trisomy 9q, it suggests that partial monosomy of the long arm of chromosome 10 might be associated with anogenital anomalies.
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Ohzeki T, Ohtahara H, Hanaki K, Urashima H, Tsukuda T, Tanaka Y, Shiraki K. Maternal perception of children's weight in relation to eating disorders. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1996; 94:279-80. [PMID: 8911564 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1996.tb09861.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal perception of body weight in girls has been reported previously (1), and distorted perception of body shape is cited as one of the pathogenetic factors in eating disorders such as anorexia and bulimia nervosa (2,3). Parent-child relationships should also be considered as one of the factors possibly contributing to the onset of the eating disorders (3,4). In the present paper we shall examine whether mothers perceive the weight of their sons and daughters correctly or not, and we shall also compare the results with the perceptions of the children themselves, which we have reported previously in this journal (1). Five outline drawings (-20% to 20% overweight), used in the previous study (1), were shown to the mothers, who were asked to select the drawings which they considered to represent the body weight of their sons (n = 130) and daughters (n = 125), who were aged 6 to 18 years. The mean body weights of the boys and girls in the study sample were 6.0% and 6.6% overweight, respectively. The mothers perceived the weight of their sons to be significantly (P < 0.01) less than the actual weight of these boys. The mean difference between the perceived weight and the actual weight was 10.4%. The mothers' perception of their daughters' weight was also 7.9% less than the actual weight (P < 0.05) (Fig. 1).
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Hayashi M, Maeda A, Watanabe T, Hanaki K, Arai S, Nozaki S. Inhibition of mouse hepatitis virus multiplication by phosphorothioate analogues of oligodeoxynucleotides complementary to the leader RNA. J Vet Med Sci 1995; 57:1081-3. [PMID: 8720052 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.57.1081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides (PS-oligo) complementary to a leader RNA of mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) were more effective inhibitors of MHV multiplication than natural oligodeoxynucleotides (PO-oligo). Sequence-dependent inhibition of viral multiplication was shown at low concentrations (0.001-0.1 microM) of antisense PS-oligo. Phosphorothioate oligodeoxycytidine, PS-(dC)20 and PS-oligo, which has no significant homology to the MHV sequence, showed inhibitory effects on MHV multiplication at concentrations higher than 0.5 microM. These results showed that PS-oligo was more potent than PO-oligo in inhibition of MHV multiplication and that PS-oligo may inhibit MHV multiplication by two different mechanisms, that is, in sequence-dependent and -independent manners.
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Hanaki K, Ohzeki T, Iitsuka T, Nagata I, Urashima H, Tsukuda T, Nagaishi J, Shiraki K, Shimizu N, Kaibara N. An infant with pseudohypoaldosteronism accompanied by cholelithiasis. BIOLOGY OF THE NEONATE 1994; 65:85-8. [PMID: 8173013 DOI: 10.1159/000244031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
A case of an infant with very rare concurrence of pseudohypoaldosteronism and cholelithiasis is described. Aldosterone concentration was extremely high (64.6 nmol/l; normal 0.03-4.4 nmol/l) and fludrocortisone did not have favorable effects on hyperkalemia (7.4 mEq/l) and hyponatremia (124 mEq/l). A gallstone was found using ultrasonography at age 6 months, and it was extirpated surgically. The combination has not been reported previously. The study supports the previous hypothesis that cholelithiasis is found more often in infants with dehydration or electrolyte derangement.
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Ohzeki T, Tachikawa H, Tanimoto K, Hanaki K, Motozumi H, Ohtahara H, Urashima H, Tsukuda T, Shiraki K. Excessive food aversion, compulsive exercise and decreased height gain due to fear of obesity in a prepubertal girl. PSYCHOTHERAPY AND PSYCHOSOMATICS 1994; 62:203-6. [PMID: 7846264 DOI: 10.1159/000288924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A case of a 7-year-old girl with a remarkable food aversion and excessive weight reduction caused by fear of obesity, which has been demonstrated in pubertal girls with symptoms partly similar to anorexia nervosa, is reported. Although the patient's weight was reduced to the upper limits of the normal range with diet and exercise, she reduced her food intake more strictly and did not at all eat food consisting of carbohydrates. Exercise was performed longer than before. Her weight continued to decrease and height velocity lowered from 6.0 to 4.1 cm/year (mean +/- SD of the age-matched normal girls: 5.5 +/- 0.74 cm/year). Her eating behavior was normalized without specific psychotherapy for anorexia nervosa. It is suggested that food aversion with weight loss and decrease in height gain due to fear of obesity may occur in prepubertal children as well as in adolescent girls.
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Ohzeki T, Motozumi H, Hanaki K, Ohtahara H, Urashima H, Tsukuda T, Kobayashi S, Shiraki K, Ohno K. Carbohydrate-deficient glycoprotein syndrome in a girl with hypogonadism due to inactive follicle stimulating hormone. Horm Metab Res 1993; 25:646-8. [PMID: 8119672 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1002198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
We report a very rare case of a girl with hypogonadism probably due to inactive FSH. She had been diagnosed as carbohydrate-deficient glycoprotein syndrome. The 14-year-old patient had no secondary sexual characteristics with the 46,XX karyotype and estradiol (E2) levels were undetectable. Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) levels were extremely high and responded exaggeratedly to luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH). The E2 levels, on the other hand, were elevated after stimulation with human menopausal gonadotropin (75 units/day) for 5 days, suggesting biologically inactive FSH in the circulation. Abnormal structure in the glycoprotein may be possibly related with hypogonadism.
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Ohzeki T, Tamura A, Hanaki K, Kohno Y, Urashima H, Okuda H, Ogihara Y, Shiraki K, Utsunomiya Y, Yazaki Y. Long QT syndrome with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: contiguous gene syndrome on chromosome 11p. J Intern Med 1993; 234:227-9. [PMID: 8340747 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2796.1993.tb00735.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Long QT syndrome (Romano-Ward syndrome) and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have been documented as being linked with gene(s) on chromosome 11p although concurrence of the two disorders has not been reported. Our case is a 13-year-old boy with Romano-Ward syndrome accompanied by IDDM. The long QT syndrome seemed to be transmitted in an autosomal-dominant mode because the Q-T intervals of his father and paternal grandfather were longer than normal. There was no family member with an abnormally high level of blood glucose except the patient. The human leucocyte antigen (HLA) haplotypes of the patient and the father were DR4/DR9 and DR2/DR9, respectively. This study suggests that in our patient IDDM, as well as Romano-Ward syndrome, is linked with chromosome 11p in the presence of HLA-DR4. The results support the previous study that chromosome 11p encodes a gene implicated in HLA-DR4-dependent diabetes susceptibility.
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Ohzeki T, Hanaki K, Motozumi H, Ohtahara H, Urashima H, Shiraki K. Assessment of subcutaneous fat using ultrasonography in the Ullrich-Turner syndrome. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS 1993; 46:450-2. [PMID: 8357020 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1320460421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Subcutaneous fat was measured using an ultrasonic method (SF-US) in girls with Ullrich-Turner syndrome (UTS) and in height and weight-matched controls. The method is not influenced by changes in cutaneous compressibility, which is frequently abnormal in UTS especially at a younger age. SF-US in the arms was significantly less in UTS patients (ulnar SF-US: P < 0.05; triceps SF-US: P < 0.005) than in the control girls. Results in suprailiac SF-US measurement was also similar (P < 0.05). Though the mean SF-US in the subscapular region was less in UTS patients than the control girls, there was no statistically significant difference. It is demonstrated that subcutaneous fat in UTS patients is less in their arms than in girls without UTS and that trunkal fatness is not increased but rather decreased in the UTS. The ratio of lean body mass to weight seems higher in UTS patients than in girls with similar weight and height.
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Ohzeki T, Hanaki K, Motozumi H, Ohtahara H, Hayashibara H, Harada Y, Okamoto M, Shiraki K, Tsuji Y, Emura H. Immunodeficiency with increased immunoglobulin M associated with growth hormone insufficiency. Acta Paediatr 1993; 82:620-3. [PMID: 8339007 DOI: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1993.tb12773.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Growth hormone deficiency associated with hypogammaglobulinemia has been reported only in a few publications. Our patient was a male with recurrent episodes of infections. Serum immunoglobulin (Ig) G was extremely low although IgM concentration was much greater than the normal limit. Growth hormone responses to insulin, 1-Dopa and growth hormone-releasing hormone were low. The mean growth hormone concentration during sleep was less than the normal limit. These results are consistent with hyper-IgM immunodeficiency associated with growth hormone deficiency. The mode of transmission appears to be autosomal dominant. This combination has not been reported previously.
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Ohzeki T, Hanaki K, Motozumi H, Ohtahara H, Shiraki K, Yoshioka K. Brachydactyly type A-4 (Temtamy type) with short stature in a Japanese girl and her mother. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS 1993; 46:260-2. [PMID: 8387724 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1320460303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
We report on a Japanese girl and her mother with brachydactyly. Their 2nd and 5th middle phalanges were short and the latter was fused with the distal phalanx in one of the patients. Length and shape of proximal and distal phalanges as well as metacarpals seemed normal. These findings are consistent with brachydactyly type 4-A, which is a rare subtype and has not been adequately documented. Short stature was reported only in some cases of brachydactyly type A-1, A-6, C, and E, but not in the other subtypes. Our patients with type A-4 brachydactyly also had short stature.
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Ohtahara H, Ohzeki T, Hanaki K, Motozumi H, Shiraki K. Abnormal perception of body weight is not solely observed in pubertal girls: incorrect body image in children and its relationship to body weight. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1993; 87:218-22. [PMID: 8465671 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1993.tb03359.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Perceived actual body weight and perceived ideal weight were assessed in 255 Japanese children and adolescents (130 boys, 125 girls) aged 6 years through 18 years using the drawing test to clarify whether they wanted to be thinner or to gain weight. More than half (68%) of the girls attending high school and 41% of the elementary school girls perceived their ideal weight to be less than the standard. The mean difference between the perceived actual weight and the ideal weight was positive in the high school girls of normal weight as well as in the overweight girls, meaning that even the normal-weight girls wanted to lose weight. The difference was also slightly positive in the underweight girls. The difference in the high school boys was negative, demonstrating that they wished to gain weight. It is suggested that girls want to lose weight even before adolescence; this tendency becomes more prominent in the high school period and is mostly unrelated to their own weight.
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Ohzeki T, Ishitani N, Hanaki K, Motozumi H, Ohtahara H, Fukushima K, Nakai S, Kishida M, Kobayashi S, Shiraki K. Responses of plasma vasoactive intestinal polypeptide to methacholine and exercise loading in children and adolescents with bronchial asthma. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 1993; 4:26-9. [PMID: 8348252 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3038.1993.tb00061.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Responses of plasma vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) to methacholine inhalation and to exercise loading were studied in asthmatic patients to clarify a significant role of the peptide. The mean of basal VIP in asthmatics was not significantly different from the normals. The levels were increased after FEV (1.0) (forced expiratory volume in a second) decreased to 80% of the baseline following methacholine inhalation and were returned to values similar to the baseline when FEV (1.0) recovered to 100%. Thirty minutes after the exercise, mean VIP was significantly lower in patients with the lowest FEV (1.0). These results suggest that VIPergic system contributes, at least partly, to relax constricted bronchioles in some patients with bronchial asthma.
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Ohzeki T, Otahara H, Hanaki K, Motozumi H, Shiraki K. Eating attitudes test in boys and girls aged 6-18 years: decrease in concerns with eating in boys and the increase in girls with their ages. Psychopathology 1993; 26:117-21. [PMID: 8234623 DOI: 10.1159/000284810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Concerns with eating were studied in 130 Japanese boys and 125 girls aged 6-18 years using the Simplified Eating Attitudes Test (s-EAT). The s-EAT scores in girls slightly increased with age. The mean scores in girls at age 10 years or older were significantly higher than in boys of the same age, suggesting that pubertal girls have more concerns with eating. On the other hand, s-EAT scores in boys that were not overweight decreased as they grew older, contributing, at least partly, to the sexual difference in eating behavior. The mean scores in overweight boys were higher than in boys that were not overweight. The score in boys correlated significantly with weight though there was no significant correlation in girls. These results suggest that, in addition to increased concerns with eating in girls, decreased concerns with age in boys is one of the causes of the sexual difference in eating behavior, especially during puberty. Eating behaviors in girls seem to be less influenced by changes in body weight than in boys.
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Ishitani N, Ohzeki T, Hanaki K, Motozumi H, Sunaguchi M, Shiraki K. Elevated venous concentrations of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in cord blood of infants with fetal distress. BIOLOGY OF THE NEONATE 1993; 63:70-4. [PMID: 8448256 DOI: 10.1159/000243912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Concentrations of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) in cord plasma were determined in 70 neonates (birth weight, mean +/- SD, 3,213.5 +/- 50.9 g, gestation 39.5 +/- 0.2 weeks), 22 of whom had fetal distress. Arterial VIP levels in cord blood were not significantly different between infants with and without fetal distress. The mean venous VIP in cord blood of distressed infants (28.1 +/- 8.4 pg/ml, mean +/- SE) was significantly (p < 0.05) higher than that of normal neonates (12.6 +/- 3.4 pg/ml). The mean placental content of VIP was 5.1 +/- 0.3 ng/g wet tissue, although a correlation with the venous concentration in the cord was not demonstrated. Venous VIP levels were elevated 24 h after birth (34.6 +/- 13.7 pg/ml) and decreased on the 5th day of life to 12.9 +/- 3.8 pg/ml, which was not significantly different from the mean VIP level in childhood (14.7 +/- 3.1 pg/ml). These results demonstrate that, in the perinatal period, plasma VIP levels are elevated on two occasions: at delivery associated with fetal distress (cord vein), and at 24 h of age. VIP in the former seems to be of placental and/or maternal origin.
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Ohzeki T, Hanaki K, Motozumi H, Ohtahara H, Ishitani N, Urashima H, Tsukuda T, Shiraki K, Sasaki S, Nakamura H. Efficacy of bromocriptine administration for selective pituitary resistance to thyroid hormone. HORMONE RESEARCH 1993; 39:229-34. [PMID: 8314208 DOI: 10.1159/000182741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The relation between thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and triiodothyronine (T3) was evaluated in a girl with the selective pituitary type of thyroid hormone resistance for more than 7 years to clarify whether bromocriptine was an effective treatment or not. Levels of T3 (before: 2.44 +/- 0.64 nmol/l, mean +/- SD) and TSH (4.81 +/- 2.52 mU/l) were significantly decreased during therapy (T3: 2.15 +/- 0.44 nmol/l; TSH: 1.59 +/- 0.78 mU/l). T3 x TSH, calculated as one of the indices of pituitary resistance, on bromocriptine therapy (3.229 +/- 1.255 mU/l x nmol/l) was significantly (p < 0.005) smaller than the product before the administration (11.298 +/- 5.891 mU/l x nmol/l). The results suggest that bromocriptine should be one of the agents initially considered for the treatment of pituitary resistance to thyroid hormone.
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Ohzeki T, Hanaki K, Motozumi H, Matsuda-Ohtahara H, Ishitani N, Shiraki K. Refractoriness at peripheral and pituitary receptors in general and pituitary types of thyroid hormone resistance. Horm Metab Res 1992; 24:484-7. [PMID: 1464415 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1003368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Patients with the general type (patient #1 and #2) and the selective pituitary type (#3) of thyroid hormone refractoriness (TR) were studied to clarify defects at peripheral and pituitary receptors. Products of T3 and TSH (n = 63) were calculated when T3 was above the normal limit (T3 > 1.8 ng/ml, 2.8 nmol/l) as one of the indices of pituitary resistance. Means of T3 (ng/ml) x TSH (mU/l) of patient #1 (mean; 40.8), #2 (15.0) and #3 (8.6) were significantly greater than patients with Graves' disease (2.1), suggesting pituitary refractoriness in the 3 patients. The products of patient #1 and #2 were also significantly larger than patient #3, demonstrating that the pituitary insensitivity in the latter (#3) was less than the former patients. Means of serum cholesterol in patients #1 and #2 were higher than patient #3 and patients with Graves' disease. Products of T3 (ng/ml) and cholesterol (mg/ml) (n = 28) in the patient #1 (541.9) and #2 (461.0) were significantly greater than the patient #3 (292.8) and the patients with Graves' disease (275.3). The results demonstrate generalized refractoriness in the patient #1 and #2 and selective pituitary resistance in the patient #3. It is suggested that our patient with the pituitary type (#3) had less severely affected receptors at the pituitary than our two patients with the general type. These results are consistent with the previous hypothesis that the pituitary type of TR is a partial form of this disease.
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Hanaki K, Ohzeki T, Ishitani N, Motozumi H, Matsuda-Ohtahara H, Shiraki K. Fat distribution in overweight patients with Ullrich-Turner syndrome. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS 1992; 42:428-30. [PMID: 1609824 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1320420405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Overweight patients with Ullrich-Turner syndrome (UTS) and control children with similar weight/height and indices of overweight were studied to clarify the unique fat distribution in the syndrome. Triceps and ulnar skin-fold thickness (SFT) in UTS patients was significantly less than that of obese children without the syndrome. The means of SFT at the subscapular and paraumbilical regions were also less in the patients than control girls, though significance was not documented. Thus, increased body weight in UTS children seems mainly to be due to excess of adipose tissue, not in the limbs but on the trunk, and/or due to the increment of lean body mass.
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Ohzeki T, Hanaki K, Motozumi H, Matsuda-Ohtahara H, Shiraki K. Skinfold thickness at ulnar, triceps, subscapular, and suprailiac regions in 1,656 Japanese children aged 3-11 years. ANNALS OF NUTRITION & METABOLISM 1992; 36:251-6. [PMID: 1492750 DOI: 10.1159/000177726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
We measured body weight, height, and skinfold thickness (SFT) at ulnar, triceps, subscapular and suprailiac regions in 1,656 Japanese children aged 3-11 years. Means of SFT in boys and girls with normal weight exhibited similar changes with age to Caucasian children. However, nadirs of SFT were observed 1 year earlier and means at 11 years were slightly higher in Japanese. Correlation coefficients between SFT and excess weight (EW) were high in boys and girls when EW was more than 10%. Some children with EW of more than 10% had abnormal SFT. Skinfolds in all children with EW of 30% or more were beyond the normal limits. In this study, normal ranges of SFT in Japanese children are demonstrated and their racial characteristics are compared to Caucasians. It is suggested that children with EW of 10-30% are heterogenous and determination of fat volume is essential to confirm the diagnosis of obesity in these subjects.
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