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Garcia RA, Nieman CM, Haylock RA, Rosentrater KA, Piazza GJ. The effect of chicken blood and its components on wastewater characteristics and sewage surcharges. Poult Sci 2016; 95:1950-6. [PMID: 27038423 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pew114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Local wastewater treatment authorities levy surcharges from their non-residential customers that are based, in part, on the concentration of various pollutants in the customer's wastewater. Blood has long been recognized as the most potent contributor to pollutant loads in chicken processing plant wastewater. Quantification of the impact of blood on wastewater characteristics and sewage surcharges is hindered by lack of information on specific characteristics of chicken blood, and by the highly variable methods used by local authorities for calculating surcharges. In this study, the most commonly used wastewater characteristics are determined for whole chicken blood as well as its individual components. The characteristics measured include biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, total suspended solids, fats oil and grease, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, ammonia, and total phosphorus. Sewage surcharge calculation methods were collected from 71 local wastewater authorities. The results show all components of the blood to be extremely high-strength pollutants. The impact of blood on sewage surcharges is shown to be highly variable depending on the rates applied by the local authority.
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Fallahi P, Muthukumarappan K, Rosentrater KA. Functional and Biochemical Alterations of Fish Meal, Soybean Meal, and Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles as Affected by a Single-Screw Extruder. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-016-1738-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Pourafshar S, Rosentrater KA, Krishnan PG. Using alternative flours as partial replacement of barbari bread formulation (traditional Iranian bread). JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2015; 52:5691-9. [PMID: 26344982 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-014-1640-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Wheat flour is used in most of breads because of its nutrient components and high availability, but different problems are associated with this flour, such as allergies and loss of nutrient components due to milling and refining. In this study, five flours were used (20 %) in combination with wheat flour (80 %).to produce traditional Iranian Barbari bread. These included amaranth, barley, DDGS, rye and oat. Compositional measurements of moisture, fat, fiber, protein and ash content were taken. Physical tests were done to understand the changes in color, thickness, and texture. Results showed that the gluten content of each flour had a significant effect on the texture and thickness of the bread. Bread made with rye flour had the highest L* and that made with oat flour had the highest a*. As for b*, the highest was for the bread made with DDGS. It was also determined that bread made with 20 % DDGS and 80 % wheat flour had the highest fiber and moisture content, while that made with amaranth had the highest ash content, and that with rye had the highest fat. Adding different flours to wheat changed the physical and chemical attributes of final producst significantly.
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Sekhon JK, Jung S, Wang T, Rosentrater KA, Johnson LA. Effect of co-products of enzyme-assisted aqueous extraction of soybeans on ethanol production in dry-grind corn fermentation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 192:451-60. [PMID: 26080102 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.05.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2015] [Revised: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Enzyme-assisted aqueous extraction processing (EAEP) is an environmentally-friendly alternative to solvent and mechanical oil extraction methods, and can achieve ∼ 97% oil recovery from soybeans. The present study utilized soy skim (protein rich) and insoluble fiber (IF; carbohydrate rich), both co-products of EAEP, in dry-grind corn fermentation. The effects of adding soy skim and untreated IF (UIF), either separately or together, and adding pretreated IF (TIF), on ethanol production were investigated. Maximum ethanol production was achieved when UIF and skim were slurried together (corn-to-UIF ratio 1:0.16; skim-to-UIF ratio 6.5:1) and when fiber-hydrolyzing enzymes were added to corn fermentation. This modification to corn fermentation increased ethanol yield by 20%, ethanol production rate by 3%, and decreased fermentation time by 38 h compared to corn-only fermentation. An attempt was also made to utilize pentoses (from soy skim and IF) in integrated corn-soy fermentation slurry by an additional Escherichia coli KO11 fermentation step.
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Pourafshar S, Rosentrater KA, Krishnan PG. Changes in chemical and physical properties of Latin American wheat flour based tortillas substituted with different levels of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS). JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2015; 52:5243-9. [PMID: 26243948 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-014-1566-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Tortilla is the most popular type of bread both in South and Central America. Since the demand for this bread among different classes of society is significant, improving its nutrient content could be important. Distillers dried grains with solubles is good source of fiber and protein, and can be used in the fortification of tortilla. In this study, three levels of DDGS (0, 10 and 20 %) were substituted for wheat flour and the physical and chemical properties of the resulting products were evaluated. Results showed that for the 20 % DDGS level, minimum force was required to rupture the tortilla. The color of the tortillas substituted with 10 and 20 % DDGS were darker, being 64.11 and 59.99, respectively (P < 0.05). As for chemical properties, the samples fortified with 10 and 20 % DDGS had higher protein (9.35 and 10.78 % dried basis), fiber (2.21 and 2.33 % dried basis) and fat (23.60 and 24.65 % dried basis) values at P < 0.05. Thus, it appeared that using DDGS in wheat tortillas can improve some of the nutritional values such as protein and fiber as well as the textural properties of these breads. Further work should examine consumer acceptability of these products.
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Fallahi P, Muthukumarappan K, Rosentrater KA. Functional and Structural Properties of Corn, Potato, and Cassava Starches as Affected by a Single-Screw Extruder. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2015.1042112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Rothschild J, Rosentrater KA, Onwulata C, Singh M, Menutti L, Jambazian P, Omary MB. Influence of quinoa roasting on sensory and physicochemical properties of allergen-free, gluten-free cakes. Int J Food Sci Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.12837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Bhadra R, Rosentrater KA, Muthukumarappan K. Measurement and Comparison of Glass Transition and Sticky Point Temperatures of Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles (DDGS) with Varying Condensed Distillers Solubles (CDS) and Drying Temperature Levels. Cereal Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1094/cchem-05-13-0106-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Fallahi P, Rosentrater KA, Muthukumarappan K, Brown ML. Characteristics of Vegetable-Based Twin-Screw Extruded Yellow Perch ( Perca flavescens) Diets Containing Fermented High-Protein Soybean Meal and Graded Levels of Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles. Cereal Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1094/cchem-08-12-0100-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Bhadra R, Rosentrater KA, Muthukumarappan K. Measurement of Sticky Point Temperature of Coffee Powder with a Rheometer. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2011.576359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Morgan DKJ, Verbeek CJR, Rosentrater KA, Hicks BJ. The palatability of flavoured novel floating pellets made with brewer's spent grain to captive carp. NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/03014223.2012.719912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Fallahi P, Rosentrater KA, Muthukumarappan K, Tulbek M. Effects of Steam, Moisture, and Screw Speed on Physical Properties of DDGS-Based Extrudates. Cereal Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1094/cchem-08-12-0102-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Barnes ME, Brown ML, Rosentrater KA, Sewell JR. Preliminary Evaluation of Rainbow Trout Diets Containing PepSoyGen, a
Fermented Soybean Meal Product, and Additional Amino Acids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.2174/1874401x01306010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Juvenile rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss diets containing PepSoyGen, a commercially-available fermented
soybean meal product, were supplemented with methionine and other amino acids. A fish meal-based control and four experimental
diets were used in a 36-day feeding trial; two diets contained 40% PepSoyGen and 10% fish meal, and two diets
contained 50% PepSoyGen and no fish meal. Each of these diets was supplemented with either methionine, or methionine
and additional amino acids. One mortality was observed during the trial. Overall weight gain, percent gain, and
feed conversion ratio were significantly greater for the fish meal control than for any of the PepSoyGen diets, although
feed conversion ratios from all of the diets were still below 1. Apparent protein digestibility was significantly less in the
fish receiving the control diet compared to any of the experimental diets, and significantly increased with increasing Pep-
SoyGen concentrations. There was no significant difference in length, weight, condition factor, hepatosomatic index, viscerosomatic
index, or any fish health responses among dietary treatments. Fillet composition, as determined by crude protein,
crude lipid, water, and ash, was also not significantly different among fish reared on any of the diets. The supplementation
of other amino acids in addition to methionine had no noticeable effect. The results from this study indicate that
PepSoyGen with amino acid supplementation can completely replace fish meal in juvenile rainbow trout grower diets
over a relatively short time-frame, albeit with some decrease in rearing performance.
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Lehman RM, Rosentrater KA. Aerobic stability of distillers wet grains as influenced by temperature. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2013; 93:498-503. [PMID: 22865196 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.5803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2011] [Revised: 05/30/2012] [Accepted: 06/13/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The storability of distillers wet grains (DWG) influences the economic, energetic, and carbon balances of fuel ethanol production, yet there are limited published data on the deterioration of DWG following its production. We used biogenic CO(2) production to assess the aerobic stability of DWG incubated at three temperatures (12 °C, 22 °C, 32 °C) and compared CO(2) production over time to the appearance of mold and changes in DWG color parameters. RESULTS CO(2) production and mold colonization indicate that at temperatures near 12 °C, the aerobic stability of DWG was high and that it can be stored for at least a 10-day period. At temperatures close to 22 °C, the onset of increased microbial activity and visible mold colonization occurred between 4 and 7 days and both activity and mold ratings were very high by the ninth day in all three experiments. At 32 °C, 2 days may be a more appropriate limit for storage. CONCLUSION Temperature and time interact in a nonlinear fashion that permits the prediction of DWG stability boundaries. The simple visual appearance of mold appears to be a reasonable indicator that correlates well (r = 0.694) with CO(2) production, a measure of the aerobic stability of DWG.
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Bhadra R, Muthukumarappan K, Rosentrater KA. Effects of Varying CDS Levels and Drying and Cooling Temperatures on Flowability Properties of DDGS. Cereal Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1094/cchem-04-12-0042-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Wood C, Rosentrater KA, Muthukumarappan K, Gu Z. Quantification of Physical and Chemical Properties, and Identification of Potentially Valuable Components from Fuel Ethanol Process Streams. Cereal Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1094/cchem-05-12-0051-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Barnes ME, Brown ML, Rosentrater KA, Sewell JR. An initial investigation replacing fish meal with a commercial fermented soybean meal product in the diets of juvenile rainbow trout. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.4236/ojas.2012.24033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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43
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Barnes ME, Brown ML, Rosentrater KA. Juvenile rainbow trout responses to diets containing distillers dried grain with solubles, phytase, and amino acid supplements. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.4236/ojas.2012.22011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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44
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Antunez PD, Botero Omary M, Rosentrater KA, Pascall M, Winstone L. Effect of an Oxygen Scavenger on the Stability of Preservative-Free Flour Tortillas. J Food Sci 2011; 77:S1-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2011.02470.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Mjoun K, Rosentrater KA. Extruded aquafeeds containing distillers dried grains with solubles: effects on extrudate properties and processing behaviour. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2011; 91:2865-2874. [PMID: 21725984 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.4536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2011] [Revised: 05/19/2011] [Accepted: 05/29/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The tremendous supply and low cost of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) make it an attractive feedstuff for aquaculture diets. Also, several studies have shown that DDGS can be successfully fed to various finfish. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of inclusion rate of DDGS (0, 250, 500 g kg(-1) ), feed moisture content (350, 450 g kg(-1) ) and die opening area (die A = 18.85 mm(2) , die B = 3988.45 mm(2) ) on the properties of the extrudates and on processing behaviour using a single-screw extruder. RESULTS Increasing the inclusion rate of DDGS resulted in extrudates with lower unit density, bulk density, expansion ratio, water solubility index and brightness (Hunter L) but higher redness (Hunter a) and yellowness (Hunter b). The increase in moisture content affected the extrudate properties in different ways: it increased bulk density, Hunter L, Hunter b and mass flow rate, whereas specific mechanical energy decreased at high moisture content. Increasing the die opening area primarily decreased expansion ratio of extrudates, power consumption and barrel temperatures but increased mass flow rate. CONCLUSION Extrudates from all treatments exhibited high durability and floatability, and less energy was required to produce extrudates when DDGS was used compared with soybean meal-based diets. The aquaculture industry can use this information to develop high-quality feeds at low cost.
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Bhadra R, Muthukumarappan K, Rosentrater KA, Kannadhason S. Drying Kinetics of Distillers Wet Grains (DWG) Under Varying Condensed Distillers Solubles (CDS) and Temperature Levels. Cereal Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1094/cchem-02-11-0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Bhadra R, Muthukumarappan K, Rosentrater KA. Artificial Neural Network Modeling of Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles (DDGS) Flowability with Varying Process and Storage Parameters. Cereal Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1094/cchem-12-10-0179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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48
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Garcia RA, Rosentrater KA. Fractionation of Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles (DDGS) Through a Narrowing of Particle Size Distribution Followed by Aspiration. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-011-0637-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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49
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Ayadi FY, Muthukumarappan K, Rosentrater KA, Brown ML. Twin-Screw Extrusion Processing of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Feeds Using Various Levels of Corn-Based Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles (DDGS). Cereal Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1094/cchem-08-10-0120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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50
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Ayadi FY, Muthukumarappan K, Rosentrater KA, Brown ML. Single-Screw Extrusion Processing of Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles (DDGS)-Based Yellow Perch (Perca flavescens) Feeds. Cereal Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1094/cchem-08-10-0118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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