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Yang EJ, Kim GS, Noh H, Shin YS, Song KS. Inhibitory effect of isoliquiritigenin isolated from Glycyrrhizae Radix on amyloid-β production in Swedish mutant amyloid precursor protein-transfected Neuro2a cells. J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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Yang EJ, Ku SK, Lee W, Song KS, Bae JS. Inhibitory effects of polyozellin from Polyozellus multiplex on HMGB1-mediated septic responses. Inflamm Res 2015. [PMID: 26206236 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-015-0856-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM AND OBJECTIVE The ubiquitous nuclear protein, high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), is released by activated macrophages and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and functions as a late mediator of experimental sepsis. Polyozellin, which has been reported to have a variety of biological activities including antioxidant and anticancer activity, is the major active compound found in edible mushroom (Polyozellus multiplex). In this study, we investigated the antiseptic effects and underlying mechanisms of polyozellin against HMGB1-mediated septic responses in HUVECs and mice. METHODS The anti-inflammatory activities of polyozellin were determined by measuring permeability, human neutrophil adhesion and migration, and activation of proinflammatory proteins in HMGB1-activated HUVECs and mice. RESULTS According to the results, polyozellin effectively inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced release of HMGB1, and suppressed HMGB1-mediated septic responses, such as hyperpermeability, adhesion and migration of leukocytes, and expression of cell adhesion molecules. In addition, polyozellin suppressed the production of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin (IL)-6, and the activation of nuclear factor-κB and extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 by HMGB1. CONCLUSION Collectively, these results indicate that P. multiplex containing polyozellin could be commercialized as functional food for preventing and treatment of various severe vascular inflammatory diseases via inhibition of the HMGB1 signaling pathway.
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Lee S, Lee D, Song KS, Liu KH, Gong YD, Lee T. Parallel synthesis of 2,4,5-trisubstituted thiophene-3-carbonitrile derivatives on traceless solid support. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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29
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Jeon YJ, Kim HS, Song KS, Han HJ, Park SH, Chang W, Lee MY. Protective effect of dieckol against chemical hypoxia-induced cytotoxicity in primary cultured mouse hepatocytes. Drug Chem Toxicol 2014; 38:180-7. [DOI: 10.3109/01480545.2014.928719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Yang EJ, Kim GS, Jun M, Song KS. Kaempferol attenuates the glutamate-induced oxidative stress in mouse-derived hippocampal neuronal HT22 cells. Food Funct 2014; 5:1395-402. [PMID: 24770605 DOI: 10.1039/c4fo00068d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
It is thought that the neuronal cell loss caused by oxidative stress is the primary mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders. Glutamate is an endogenous neurotransmitter, but at high concentrations it can act as a neurotoxicant by increasing the intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Therefore, the development of factors that can attenuate glutamate-induced oxidative stress in neuronal cells is a good strategy by which new drugs could be discovered that may treat or prevent neurodegenerative diseases. Here, the neuroprotective effects of kaempferol (KF) isolated from the stems of butterbur (Petasites japonicus) were examined in glutamate-treated hippocampal neuronal cells (HT22). The administration of KF (25 μM) resulted in a significant increase in cell viability (105.18 ± 7.48%) compared with the control (100.00 ± 3.05%), while glutamate (5 mM) reduced cell viability by 39.94 ± 1.61%. The glutamate-induced calcium (Ca(2+)) influx (1.93 ± 0.08-fold) was significantly reduced by 0.89 ± 0.02-fold following the administration of 25 μM KF. Additionally, when HT22 cells were stressed with excessive glutamate, there was a 3.70 ± 0.01-fold increase in intracellular ROS generation, even though this was effectively attenuated by KF (25 μM, 0.72 ± 0.01-fold). The protective effects of KF in HT22 cells were later confirmed using a lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay and a FITC-annexin V/propidium iodide double staining procedure. These findings also revealed that the neuroprotective effects of KF are a result of the regulation of the expression levels of proteins, such as Bcl-2, Bid, apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). This is the first report to investigate the neuroprotective influence of KF in glutamate-treated HT22 cells. These data demonstrate that KF may be a useful candidate for pharmacological therapies that can prevent and treat neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD).
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Park SY, Yang EJ, Park EJ, Shin BS, Na DH, Song KS. Quantitative Analysis of Ursolic Acid and Euscaphic Acid in Chaenomelis Fructus by HPLC-Evaporative Light Scattering Detection. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2014. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2014.35.7.2210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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32
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Yang EJ, Song KS. Andrographolide, a major component of Andrographis paniculata leaves, has the neuroprotective effects on glutamate-induced HT22 cell death. J Funct Foods 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2014.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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33
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Song M, Do H, Kwon OK, Yang EJ, Bae JS, Jeong TC, Song KS, Lee S. A Comparison of the In Vitro Inhibitory Effects of Thelephoric Acid and SKF-525A on Human Cytochrome P450 Activity. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2014; 22:155-60. [PMID: 24753822 PMCID: PMC3975472 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2013.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Revised: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Thelephoric acid is an antioxidant produced by the hydrolysis of polyozellin, which is isolated from Polyozellus multiplex. In the present study, the inhibitory effects of polyozellin and thelephoric acid on 9 cytochrome P450 (CYP) family members (CYP1A2, CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP2E1, and CYP3A4) were examined in pooled human liver microsomes (HLMs) using a cocktail probe assay. Polyozellin exhibited weak inhibitory effects on the activities of all 9 CYPs examined, whereas thelephoric acid exhibited dose- and time-dependent inhibition of all 9 CYP isoforms (IC50 values, 3.2-33.7 μM). Dixon plots of CYP inhibition indicated that thelephoric acid was a competitive inhibitor of CYP1A2 and CYP3A4. In contrast, thelephoric acid was a noncompetitive inhibitor of CYP2D6. Our findings indicate that thelephoric acid may be a novel, non-specific CYP inhibitor, suggesting that it could replace SKF-525A in inhibitory studies designed to investigate the effects of CYP enzymes on the metabolism of given compounds.
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Yang EJ, Park GH, Song KS. Neuroprotective effects of liquiritigenin isolated from licorice roots on glutamate-induced apoptosis in hippocampal neuronal cells. Neurotoxicology 2013; 39:114-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2013.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2013] [Revised: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 08/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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35
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Yang EJ, Kim GS, Kim JA, Song KS. Protective effects of onion-derived quercetin on glutamate-mediated hippocampal neuronal cell death. Pharmacogn Mag 2013; 9:302-8. [PMID: 24124281 PMCID: PMC3793334 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.117824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Revised: 11/11/2012] [Accepted: 09/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by progressive neuron degeneration in specific functional systems of the central or peripheral nervous system. This study investigated the protective effects of quercetin isolated from onion on neuronal cells and its protective mechanisms against glutamate-induced apoptosis in HT22 cells. Materials and Methods: HT22 cells were cultured to study the neuroprotective mechanism of quercetin against glutamate-mediated oxidative stress. The intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) were measured. The protein expression of calpain, spectrin, Bcl-2, Bax, Bid, cytochrome c, and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) was evaluated by Western blotting. Results: Quercetin had a protective effect by reducing both intracellular ROS overproduction and glutamate-mediated Ca2+ influx. These effects were due to the downregulation of several apoptosis-related biochemical markers. Calpain expression was reduced and spectrin cleavage was inhibited by quercetin in glutamate-exposed HT22 cells. Disruption of the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), activation of the pro-apoptotic proteins Bid and Bax, and cytochrome c release in response to glutamate-induced oxidative stress were reduced. Quercetin also suppressed phosphorylation of MAPKs. Conclusion: This is the first report on the detailed mechanisms of the protective effect of quercetin on HT22 cells. Onion extract and quercetin may be useful for preventing or treating neurodegenerative disorders.
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Wu Z, Lee B, Song KS, Liu KH. Inhibitory Potential of Thelephoric Acid on CYP2J2 Activities in Human Liver Microsomes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.5352/jls.2013.23.9.1126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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37
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Ku SK, Yang EJ, Song KS, Bae JS. Rosmarinic acid down-regulates endothelial protein C receptor shedding in vitro and in vivo. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 59:311-5. [PMID: 23774263 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2013] [Revised: 05/30/2013] [Accepted: 06/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) plays pivotal roles in coagulation and inflammation, however, its activity is markedly changed by ectodomain cleavage and release as the soluble protein (sEPCR). According to previous studies, there are approximately 100ng/ml sEPCR in human plasma and the levels increase in inflammatory diseases. EPCR can be shed from the cell surface, and this is mediated by tumor necrosis factor-α converting enzyme (TACE). We recently reported on the anti-inflammatory and barrier protective activities of rosmarinic acid (RA), an important component of the leaves of Perilla frutescens. However, little is known about the effects of RA on EPCR shedding. Here, we investigated this issue by monitoring the effects of RA on phorbol-12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interleukin (IL)-1β, and on cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-mediated EPCR shedding and underlying mechanisms. Data showed that treatment with RA resulted in potent inhibition of PMA, TNF-α, IL-induced EPCR shedding by suppression of TACE expression. In addition, RA reduced PMA-stimulated phosphorylation of p38, extracellular regulated kinases (ERK) 1/2, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). These results suggest the potential for use of RA as an anti-sEPCR shedding reagent against PMA, TNF-α, IL-1β and CLP-mediated EPCR shedding.
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MESH Headings
- ADAM Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- ADAM Proteins/metabolism
- ADAM17 Protein
- Animals
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/pharmacology
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/therapeutic use
- Antigens, CD/chemistry
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- Cinnamates/pharmacology
- Cinnamates/therapeutic use
- Depsides/pharmacology
- Depsides/therapeutic use
- Disease Models, Animal
- Down-Regulation/drug effects
- Endothelial Protein C Receptor
- Endothelium, Vascular/cytology
- Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects
- Endothelium, Vascular/immunology
- Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
- Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/cytology
- Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/drug effects
- Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/immunology
- Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/metabolism
- Humans
- MAP Kinase Signaling System/drug effects
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Peptide Fragments/blood
- Peptide Fragments/chemistry
- Peptide Fragments/metabolism
- Phosphorylation/drug effects
- Protein Processing, Post-Translational/drug effects
- Proteolysis
- Receptors, Cell Surface/blood
- Receptors, Cell Surface/chemistry
- Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism
- Sepsis/blood
- Sepsis/drug therapy
- Sepsis/immunology
- Sepsis/metabolism
- Solubility
- Rosmarinic Acid
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Yang EJ, Lee JY, Park SH, Lee T, Song KS. Neuroprotective effects of neolignans isolated from Magnoliae Cortex against glutamate-induced apoptotic stimuli in HT22 cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 56:304-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Revised: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 02/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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39
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Yang EJ, Ku SK, Lee W, Lee S, Lee T, Song KS, Bae JS. Barrier protective effects of rosmarinic acid on HMGB1-induced inflammatory responses in vitro and in vivo. J Cell Physiol 2013; 228:975-82. [PMID: 23042518 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2012] [Accepted: 09/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein is a crucial cytokine that mediates response to infection, injury, and inflammation. Rosmarinic acid (RA) is an important component of the leaves of Perilla frutescens and has neuroprotective, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, and anti-cancer effects but little is known of its effects on HMGB1-mediated inflammatory response. Here, we investigated this issue by monitoring the effects of RA on the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-mediated release of HMGB1 and HMGB1-mediated modulation of inflammatory responses. RA potently inhibited the release of HMGB1 and down-regulated HMGB1-dependent inflammatory responses in human endothelial cells. RA also inhibited HMGB1-mediated hyperpermeability and leukocyte migration in mice. Furthermore, RA reduced CLP-induced HMGB1 release and sepsis-related mortality. Given these results, RA should be viewed as a candidate therapeutic agent for the treatment of various inflammatory diseases via inhibition of the HMGB1 signaling pathway.
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40
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Yang EJ, Lim SH, Song KS, Han HS, Lee J. Identification of active compounds from Aurantii Immatri Pericarpium attenuating brain injury in a rat model of ischemia-reperfusion. Food Chem 2012; 138:663-70. [PMID: 23265538 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.09.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2012] [Revised: 09/20/2012] [Accepted: 09/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is caused by brain injury due to prolonged ischemia by occlusion of cerebral arteries. In this study, we isolated active compounds from an ethanol extract of Aurantii Immatri Pericarpium (HY5356). We first showed by DNA fragmentation assay that HY5356 improved human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2) under hypoxic conditions by inhibiting apoptosis. When HY5356 was fractionated with dichloromethane (MC), ethyl acetate (EA) and n-butanol (BU), the MC fraction improved cell viability at the lowest concentration (100 μg/ml). Intraperitoneal injection of HY5356 (200 mg/kg) or the MC fraction (200 mg/kg) to rats prior to occlusion attenuated brain injury significantly in a rat model of ischemia-reperfusion. Adopting cell viability under hypoxic conditions as an activity screening system, we isolated nobiletin and tangeretin as active compounds. The results suggest that intake of Aurantii Immatri Pericarpium containing nobiletin and tangeretin as active compounds might be beneficial for preventing ischemic stroke.
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41
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Lee WH, Yang EJ, Ku SK, Song KS, Bae JS. Anticoagulant activities of oleanolic acid via inhibition of tissue factor expressions. BMB Rep 2012; 45:390-5. [DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2012.45.7.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
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42
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Yang EJ, Kim SI, Park SY, Bang HY, Jeong JH, So JH, Rhee IK, Song KS. Fermentation enhances the in vitro antioxidative effect of onion (Allium cepa) via an increase in quercetin content. Food Chem Toxicol 2012; 50:2042-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.03.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2011] [Revised: 03/21/2012] [Accepted: 03/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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43
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Yang EJ, Lee W, Ku SK, Song KS, Bae JS. Anti-inflammatory activities of oleanolic acid on HMGB1 activated HUVECs. Food Chem Toxicol 2012; 50:1288-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2011] [Revised: 11/25/2011] [Accepted: 02/14/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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44
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Yang EJ, Min JS, Ku HY, Choi HS, Park MK, Kim MK, Song KS, Lee DS. Isoliquiritigenin isolated from Glycyrrhiza uralensis protects neuronal cells against glutamate-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 421:658-64. [PMID: 22538371 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.04.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2012] [Accepted: 04/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity, which is associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS), is hypothesized to be a major contributor to pathological cell death in the mammalian central nervous system, and to be involved in many acute and chronic brain diseases. Here, we showed that isoliquiritigenin (ISL) isolated from Glycyrrhiza uralensis (Gu), one of the most frequently prescribed oriental herbal medicines, protected HT22 hippocampal neuronal cells from glutamate-induced oxidative stress. In addition, we clarified the molecular mechanisms by which it protects against glutamate-induced neuronal cell death. ISL reversed glutamate-induced ROS production and mitochondrial depolarization, as well as glutamate-induced changes in expression of the apoptotic regulators Bcl-2 and Bax. Pretreatment of HT22 cells with ISL suppresses the release of apoptosis-inducing factor from mitochondria into the cytosol. Taken together, our results suggest that ISL may protect against mitochondrial dysfunction by limiting glutamate-induced oxidative stress. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that ISL isolated from Gu has protective effects against glutamate-induced mitochondrial damage and hippocampal neuronal cell death. We expect ISL to be useful in the development of drugs to prevent or treat neurodegenerative diseases.
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Jung HJ, Lee JS, Song KS, Yang JJ. Conservative treatment of pediatric trigger thumb: follow-up for over 4 years. J Hand Surg Eur Vol 2012; 37:220-4. [PMID: 22002508 DOI: 10.1177/1753193411422333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We analyzed the outcomes of our conservative treatment for pediatric trigger thumb. Since March 2004, we have used conservative treatment for all patients with pediatric trigger thumb. We prospectively analyzed 30 patients in whom 35 thumbs were affected (10 right, 15 left, 5 bilateral). The mean age at diagnosis was 28 (11-50) months. The treatment consisted of passive exercises performed by the children's mothers, 10-20 times daily. How reliably this was performed is unproven. Trigger thumb severity was graded as 0A (extension beyond 0°), 0B (extension to 0°), 1 (active extension with triggering), 2 (passive extension with triggering), and 3 (cannot extend either actively or passively i.e. locked). At diagnosis, six of the 35 thumbs (17%) were grade 1, 25 (71%) were grade 2, and four (11%) were grade 3. After a mean follow-up period of 63 (range, 49-73) months, 28 thumbs (80%) were grade 0A or 0B, 5 (14%) were grade 1 and 2 (6%) were grade 2. The bilateral cases and the patients who initially had grade 3 severity had significantly more unfavorable results than the other patients. This study suggests that conservative treatment for pediatric trigger thumb is a successful method, although cases that present with bilateral involvement or locking (grade 3) should be considered for early surgical release.
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Song KS, Yoon JH, Kim KS, Ahn DW. c-Ets1 inhibits the interaction of NF-κB and CREB, and downregulates IL-1β-induced MUC5AC overproduction during airway inflammation. Mucosal Immunol 2012; 5:207-15. [PMID: 22294049 PMCID: PMC3282431 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2011.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Mucin hypersecretion is frequently observed in many inflammatory diseases of the human respiratory tract. As mucin hypersecretion refers to uncontrolled mucin expression and secretion during inflammation, studies examining the negative control mechanisms of mucin hypersecretion are vital in developing novel therapeutic medications. We hypothesized that the c-Ets1 induced by interleukin (IL)-1β would decrease MUC5AC overproduction by inhibiting the interaction of NF-κB with cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) in vivo. Stimulation with IL-1β caused the direct binding of NF-κB and CREB to the MUC5AC promoter, thus increasing MUC5AC gene expression. However, IL-1β-induced MUC5AC messenger RNA levels were surprizingly downregulated by c-Ets1 (located -938 to -930). Interestingly, c-Ets1 also suppressed IL-1β-induced MUC5AC gene expression in vitro and in vivo by disrupting the interaction of NF-κB with CREB on the MUC5AC promoter. In addition, c-Ets1 also inhibited significant morphologic changes and inflammatory cell infiltration after IL-1β exposure in mouse lungs infected with either wild-type or shRNA-c-Ets1. Moreover, reactive oxygen species produced by NOX4 increased c-Ets1 gene expression and MUC5AC gene expression in alveolar macrophages from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. These results suggest a molecular paradigm for the establishment of a novel mechanism underlying the negative regulation of mucin overproduction, thus enhancing our understanding of airway inflammation.
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47
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Ellamar JB, Song KS, Kim HR. One-step production of a biologically active novel furan fatty acid from 7,10-dihydroxy-8(E)-octadecenoic acid. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:8175-8179. [PMID: 21711016 DOI: 10.1021/jf2015683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Furan fatty acids (F-acids) gain special attention because they are known to play important roles in biological systems including humans. Specifically, F-acids are known to have strong antioxidant activitis such as radical scavenging activity. Although widely distributed in most biological systems, F-acids are trace components and their biosynthesis is complicated and quite different by sources. On the basis of biochemical study, they are considered to be an essential nutritional factor for mammals and should be provided through the diet. Hence, several studies reported the chemical synthesis of F-acids using chemical catalysts. However, chemical synthesis required complicated multiple steps. In this study was developed a simple one-step synthesis of a novel F-acid, 7,10-epoxyoctadeca-7,9-dienoic acid (EODA), from a dihydroxyl fatty acid, 7,10-dihydroxy-8(E)-octadecenoic acid (DOD), by heat treatment. The structure of EODA was confirmed by GC-MS, NMR, and FTIR analyses, and maximum production yield under the reaction conditions of 90 °C and 24 h reached 80%.
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48
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Noh JR, Kim YH, Gang GT, Hwang JH, Lee HS, Ly SY, Oh WK, Song KS, Lee CH. Hepatoprotective effects of chestnut (Castanea crenata) inner shell extract against chronic ethanol-induced oxidative stress in C57BL/6 mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2011; 49:1537-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2011.03.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2011] [Revised: 03/15/2011] [Accepted: 03/23/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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49
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Jeong HY, Kim JY, Lee HK, Ha DT, Song KS, Bae K, Seong YH. Leaf and stem of Vitis amurensis and its active components protect against amyloid β protein (25–35)-induced neurotoxicity. Arch Pharm Res 2010; 33:1655-64. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-010-1015-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2010] [Revised: 08/09/2010] [Accepted: 08/17/2010] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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50
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Noh JR, Kim YH, Gang GT, Yang KJ, Lee HS, Nguyen PH, Oh WK, Song KS, Lee CH. Chestnut (Castanea crenata) inner shell extract inhibits development of hepatic steatosis in C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat diet. Food Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.12.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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