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Fehr T, Staniloiu A, Markowitsch HJ, Erhard P, Herrmann M. Neural correlates of free recall of "famous events" in a "hypermnestic" individual as compared to an age- and education-matched reference group. BMC Neurosci 2018; 19:35. [PMID: 29914377 PMCID: PMC6006772 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-018-0435-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Memory performance of an individual (within the age range: 50-55 years old) showing superior memory abilities (protagonist PR) was compared to an age- and education-matched reference group in a historical facts ("famous events") retrieval task. RESULTS Contrasting task versus baseline performance both PR and the reference group showed fMRI activation patterns in parietal and occipital brain regions. The reference group additionally demonstrated activation patterns in cingulate gyrus, whereas PR showed additional widespread activation patterns comprising frontal and cerebellar brain regions. The direct comparison between PR and the reference group revealed larger fMRI contrasts for PR in right frontal, superior temporal and cerebellar brain regions. CONCLUSIONS It was concluded that PR generally recruits brain regions as normal memory performers do, but in a more elaborate way, and furthermore, that he applied a memory-strategy that potentially includes executively driven multi-modal transcoding of information and recruitment of implicit memory resources.
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Fedosov A, Puillandre N, Herrmann M, Kantor Y, Oliverio M, Dgebuadze P, Modica MV, Bouchet P. The collapse of Mitra: molecular systematics and morphology of the Mitridae (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda). Zool J Linn Soc 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlx073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Harraghy N, Seiler S, Jacobs K, Hannig M, Menger MD, Herrmann M. Advances in in Vitro and in Vivo Models for Studying the Staphylococcal Factors Involved in Implant Infections. Int J Artif Organs 2018; 29:368-78. [PMID: 16705605 DOI: 10.1177/039139880602900406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Implant infections due to staphylococci are one of the greatest threats facing patients receiving implant devices. For many years researchers have sought to understand the mechanisms involved in the adherence of the bacterium to the implanted device and the formation of the unique structure, the biofilm, which protects the indwelling bacteria from the host defence and renders them resistant to antibiotic treatment. A major goal has been to develop in vitro and in vivo models that adequately reflect the real-life situation. From the simple microtiter plate assay and scanning electron microscopy, tools for studying adherence and biofilm formation have since evolved to include specialised equipment for studying adherence, flow cell systems, real-time analysis of biofilm formation using reporter gene assays both in vitro and in vivo, and a wide variety of animal models. In this article, we discuss advances in the last few years in selected in vitro and in vivo models as well as future developments in the study of adherence and biofilm formation by the staphylococci.
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Hawryluk R, Barnes CW, Batha S, Beer M, Bell M, Bell R, Berk H, Bitter M, Bretz N, Budny R, Bush C, Cauffman S, Chang CS, Chang Z, Cheng C, Darrow D, Dendy R, Dorland W, Dudek L, Duong H, Durst R, Efthimion P, Evenson H, Fisch N, Fisher R, Fonck R, Forrest C, Fredrickson E, Fu G, Furth H, Gorelenkov N, Grek B, Grisham L, Hammett G, Heidbrink W, Herrmann H, Herrmann M, Hill K, Hooper B, Hosea J, Houlberg W, Hughes M, Jassby D, Jobes F, Johnson D, Kaita R, Kamperschroer J, Kesner J, Krazilniknov A, Kugel H, Kumar A, LaMarche P, LeBlanc B, Levine J, Levinton F, Lin Z, Machuzak J, Majeski R, Mansfield D, Mazzucato E, Mauel M, McChesney J, McGuire K, McKee G, Meade D, Medley S, Mikkelsen D, Mimov S, Mueller D, Navratil G, Nazikian R, Nevins B, Okabayashi M, Osakabe M, Owens D, Park H, Park W, Paul S, Petrov M, Phillips C, Phillips M, Phillips P, Ramsey A, Redi M, Rewoldt G, Rice B, Rogers J, Roquemore A, Ruskov E, Sabbagh S, Sasao M, Schilling G, Schmidt G, Scott S, Semenov I, Skinner C, Spong D, Strachan J, Strait E, Stratton B, Synakowski E, Takahashi H, Tang W, Taylor G, Goeler SV, Halle AV, White R, Williams M, Wilson J, Wong K, Wurden G, Young K, Zarnstorff M, Zweben S. Review of D-T Results from TFTR. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.13182/fst96-a11963011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Herrmann M, Opitz S, Harzer R, Totsche KU, Küsel K. Attached and Suspended Denitrifier Communities in Pristine Limestone Aquifers Harbor High Fractions of Potential Autotrophs Oxidizing Reduced Iron and Sulfur Compounds. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2017; 74:264-277. [PMID: 28214969 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-017-0950-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen and nitrate availability as well as the presence of suitable organic or inorganic electron donors are strong drivers of denitrification; however, the factors influencing denitrifier abundance and community composition in pristine aquifers are not well understood. We explored the denitrifier community structure of suspended and attached groundwater microorganisms in two superimposed limestone aquifer assemblages with contrasting oxygen regime in the Hainich Critical Zone Exploratory (Germany). Attached communities were retrieved from freshly crushed parent rock material which had been exposed for colonization in two groundwater wells (12.7 and 48 m depth). Quantitative PCR and amplicon pyrosequencing of nirK and nirS genes encoding copper-containing or cytochrome cd1 heme-type nitrite reductase, respectively, and of bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA genes showed a numerical predominance of nirS-type denitrifiers in both attached and suspended groundwater communities and a dominance of nirS-type denitrifiers closely related to the autotrophic thiosulfate- and hydrogen-oxidizing Sulfuritalea hydrogenivorans and the iron- and sulfide-oxidizing Sideroxydans lithotrophicus ES-1. Potential rates of nitrate reduction in association with exposed crushed rock material were higher with an inorganic electron donor (thiosulfate) compared to an organic electron donor (fumarate/acetate) in the upper aquifer assemblage but similar in the lower, oxic aquifer. Our results have clearly demonstrated that groundwater from pristine limestone aquifers harbors diverse denitrifier communities which appear to selectively attach to rock surfaces and harbor a high potential for nitrate reduction. Our findings suggest that the availability of suitable inorganic versus organic electron donors rather than oxygen availability shapes denitrifier communities and their potential activity in these limestone aquifers.
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Stümer J, Biermann MHC, Knopf J, Magorivska I, Kastbom A, Svärd A, Janko C, Bilyy R, Schett G, Sjöwall C, Herrmann M, Muñoz LE. Altered glycan accessibility on native immunoglobulin G complexes in early rheumatoid arthritis and its changes during therapy. Clin Exp Immunol 2017; 189:372-382. [PMID: 28509333 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of this study was to investigate the glycosylation profile of native immunoglobulin (Ig)G present in serum immune complexes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). To accomplish this, lectin binding assays, detecting the accessibility of glycans present on IgG-containing immune complexes by biotinylated lectins, were employed. Lectins capturing fucosyl residues (AAL), fucosylated tri-mannose N-glycan core sites (LCA), terminal sialic acid residues (SNA) and O-glycosidically linked galactose/N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNac-L) were used. Patients with recent-onset RA at baseline and after 3-year follow-up were investigated. We found that native IgG was complexed significantly more often with IgM, C1q, C3c and C-reactive protein (CRP) in RA patients, suggesting alterations of the native structure of IgG. The total accessibility of fucose residues on captured immune complexes to the respective lectin was significantly higher in patients with RA. Moreover, fucose accessibility on IgG-containing immune complexes correlated positively with the levels of antibodies to cyclic citrullinated peptides (anti-CCP). We also observed a significantly higher accessibility to sialic acid residues and galactose/GalNAc glyco-epitopes in native complexed IgG of patients with RA at baseline. While sialic acid accessibility increased during treatment, the accessibility of galactose/GalNAc decreased. Hence, successful treatment of RA was associated with an increase in the SNA/GalNAc-L ratio. Interestingly, the SNA/GalNAc-L ratio in particular rises after glucocorticoid treatment. In summary, this study shows the exposure of glycans in native complexed IgG of patients with early RA, revealing particular glycosylation patterns and its changes following pharmaceutical treatment.
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Zink A, Herrmann M, Fischer T, Lauffer F, Garzorz-Stark N, Böhner A, Spinner CD, Biedermann T, Eyerich K. Addiction: an underestimated problem in psoriasis health care. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2017; 31:1308-1315. [PMID: 28281329 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.14204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psoriasis is a disease of enormous socio-economic impact. Despite approval of numerous highly efficient and costly therapies, a minor proportion of severely affected patients actually receives sufficient treatment. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether addictions are associated with psoriasis and to develop evidence-based recommendations for dermatologists in their daily clinical practice in order to improve medical assessment of psoriasis and patients' quality of life. PATIENTS AND METHODS Psoriasis patients at the University Department of Dermatology were asked to fill out a paper-based self-reported anonymous questionnaire with 92 questions of validated screening tests for the six most common addictions in Germany (alcohol, nicotine, drugs and illegal drugs, gambling, food). Body weight and height as well as current Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) were documented as well. RESULTS Between October 2015 and February 2016, 102 patients (65 males, 37 females; mean age 49.7 years (SD 13.4), range 18-83 years) participated in the study. Fifty-seven of the 102 patients showed addictive behaviour. Of these, 23.8% were high-risk drinkers, 41% regular smokers, 11% at risk of drug abuse, 4.1% at risk of food dependency and 19% compulsive gamblers. Compared with the general population, these results are significantly higher for alcohol abuse (P < 0.005), nicotine (P < 0.001) and gambling (P < 0.001). Body mass index was significantly higher in the study population (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Addictions and gambling are more prevalent in patients with psoriasis compared with the general population. Respective screening measures are recommended in daily practice for doctors treating psoriasis patients, and PeakPASI is suggested as a score to document patients' lifetime highest PASI. Parallel to new drug approvals and even more detailed insights into the pathomechanism of psoriasis, public health strategies and interdisciplinary approaches are essential for a general sustained psoriasis treatment.
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Biermann MHC, Griffante G, Podolska MJ, Boeltz S, Stürmer J, Muñoz LE, Bilyy R, Herrmann M. Sweet but dangerous - the role of immunoglobulin G glycosylation in autoimmunity and inflammation. Lupus 2017; 25:934-42. [PMID: 27252272 DOI: 10.1177/0961203316640368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Glycosylation is well-known to modulate the functional capabilities of immunoglobulin G (IgG)-mediated cellular and humoral responses. Indeed, highly sialylated and desialylated IgG is endowed with anti- and pro-inflammatory activities, respectively, whereas fully deglycosylated IgG is a rather lame duck, with no effector function besides toxin neutralization. Recently, several studies revealed the impact of different glycosylation patterns on the Fc part and Fab fragment of IgG in several autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Here, we provide a synoptic update summarizing the most important aspects of antibody glycosylation, and the current progress in this field. We also discuss the therapeutic options generated by the modification of the glycosylation of IgG in a potential treatment for chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Trudzinski F, Schlotthauer U, Kamp A, Hennemann K, Gärtner B, Wilkens H, Bals R, Herrmann M, Lepper PM, Becker SL. Die klinische Relevanz des Nachweises von Mycobacterium Chimaera in Themperaturregulierungsgeräten für die extrakorporale Membranoxygenierung. Pneumologie 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1598431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Zink A, Herrmann M, Fischer T, Böhner A, Lauffer F, Garzorz-Stark N, Biedermann T, Eyerich K. 045 Psoriasis and addictions: a neglected challenge. J Invest Dermatol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.06.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Herrmann M, Meisel P, Lippmann W, Hurtado A. Joining technology—A challenge for the use of SiC components in HTRs. NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2015.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Herrmann M, Britz A, Bartels C, Wallesch CW. The impact of aphasia on the patient and family in the first year poststroke. Top Stroke Rehabil 2016; 2:5-19. [DOI: 10.1080/10749357.1995.11754077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Siemann J, Herrmann M, Galashan D. fMRI-constrained source analysis reveals early top-down modulations of interference processing using a flanker task. Neuroimage 2016; 136:45-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Weigand E, Rasshofer W, Herrmann M, Baumann G, Nakamura M. Recycling of Polyurethanes Put Into Practice. J CELL PLAST 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/0021955x9302900533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Schneider H, Brock M, Herrmann M, Wolf K. CFC-Free Hot-Curing Moulded Flexible Foam for Automotive Seating. J CELL PLAST 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/0021955x9202800303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Phaku P, Lebughe M, Strauß L, Peters G, Herrmann M, Mumba D, Mellmann A, Muyembe-Tamfum JJ, Schaumburg F. Unveiling the molecular basis of antimicrobial resistance in Staphylococcus aureus from the Democratic Republic of the Congo using whole genome sequencing. Clin Microbiol Infect 2016; 22:644.e1-5. [PMID: 27102139 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2016.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus from sub-Saharan Africa is frequently resistant to antimicrobial agents that are commonly used to treat invasive infections in resource-limited settings. The underlying mechanisms of resistance are largely unknown. We therefore performed whole genome sequencing (WGS) on S. aureus from the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) to analyse the genetic determinants of antimicrobial resistance. One hundred S. aureus samples were collected from community-associated asymptomatic nasal carriers in the metropolitan area of Kinshasa, DRC, between 2013 and 2014. Phenotypic resistance against 15 antimicrobial agents was compared to the genotypic results that were extracted from WGS data using Mykrobe predictor and the SeqSphere(+) software that screened for 106 target genes associated with resistance. Isolates were phenotypically resistant against penicillin (97%, n=97), trimethoprim (72%, n=72) and tetracycline (54%, n=45). Thirty-three isolates (33%) were methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Of these, nine isolates (27.3%) were oxacillin-susceptible MRSA (OS-MRSA) and belonged to ST8 (t1476). The Y195F mutation of FemA was associated with OS-MRSA (p 0.015). The majority of trimethoprim resistant isolates carried dfrG. Tetracycline resistance was associated with tet(K). The concordance between phenotypic susceptibility testing and both WGS analysis tools was similar and ranged between 96% and 100%. In conclusion, a high proportion of OS-MRSA in the DRC was linked to mutations of FemA. Genotypic and phenotypical antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed high concordance. This encourages the future use of WGS in routine antimicrobial susceptibility testing.
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Heudorf U, Cuny C, Herrmann M, Kempf V, Mischler D, Schulze J, Zinn C. Multiresistente Erreger (MRE) in der ambulanten Dialyse, der ambulanten und stationären Pflege sowie in der Rehabilitation – Daten aus dem MRE-Netz Rhein-Main 2012 – 2014. DAS GESUNDHEITSWESEN 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1578866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Herrmann M, Bara JJ, Sprecher CM, Menzel U, Jalowiec JM, Osinga R, Scherberich A, Alini M, Verrier S. Pericyte plasticity - comparative investigation of the angiogenic and multilineage potential of pericytes from different human tissues. Eur Cell Mater 2016; 31:236-49. [PMID: 27062725 DOI: 10.22203/ecm.v031a16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Pericyte recruitment is essential for the stability of newly formed vessels. It was also suggested that pericytes represent common ancestor cells giving rise to mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the adult. Here, we systematically investigated pericytes and MSCs from different human tissues in terms of their angiogenic and multilineage differentiation potential in vitro in order to assess the suitability of the different cell types for the regeneration of vascularised tissues. Magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS®) was used to enrich CD34-CD146+ pericytes from adipose tissue (AT) and bone marrow (BM). The multilineage potential of pericytes was assessed by testing their capability to differentiate towards osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic lineage in vitro. Pericytes and endothelial cells were co-seeded on Matrigel™ and the formation of tube-like structures was examined to study the angiogenic potential of pericytes. MSCs from AT and BM were used as controls. CD34-CD146+ cells were successfully enriched from AT and BM. Only BM-derived cells exhibited trilineage differentiation potential. AT-derived cells displayed poor chondrogenic differentiation upon stimulation with transforming growth factor-β1. Interestingly, osteogenic differentiation was more efficient in AT-PC and BM-PC compared to the respective full MSC population. Matrigel™ assays revealed that pericytes from all tissues integrated into tube-like structures. We show that MACS®-enriched pericytes from BM and AT have the potential to regenerate tissues of different mesenchymal lineages and support neovascularisation. MACS® represents a simple enrichment strategy of cells, which is of particular interest for clinical application. Finally, our results suggest that the regenerative potential of pericytes depends on their tissue origin, which is an important consideration for future studies.
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Korsch M, Frühholz S, Herrmann M. Conflict-Specific Aging Effects Mainly Manifest in Early Information Processing Stages-An ERP Study with Different Conflict Types. Front Aging Neurosci 2016; 8:53. [PMID: 27014059 PMCID: PMC4792879 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2016.00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is usually accompanied by alterations of cognitive control functions such as conflict processing. Recent research suggests that aging effects on cognitive control seem to vary with degree and source of conflict, and conflict specific aging effects on performance measures as well as neural activation patterns have been shown. However, there is sparse information whether and how aging affects different stages of conflict processing as indicated by event related potentials (ERPs) such as the P2, N2 and P3 components. In the present study, 19 young and 23 elderly adults performed a combined Flanker conflict and stimulus-response-conflict (SRC) task. Analysis of the reaction times (RTs) revealed an increased SRC related conflict effect in elderly. ERP analysis furthermore demonstrated an age-related increase of the P2 amplitude in response to the SRC task. In addition, elderly adults exhibited an increased P3 amplitude modulation induced by incongruent SRC and Flanker conflict trials.
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Maueröder C, Chaurio RA, Dumych T, Podolska M, Lootsik MD, Culemann S, Friedrich RP, Bilyy R, Alexiou C, Schett G, Berens C, Herrmann M, Munoz LE. A blast without power - cell death induced by the tuberculosis-necrotizing toxin fails to elicit adequate immune responses. Cell Death Differ 2016; 23:1016-25. [PMID: 26943324 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2016.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 12/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we deploy a doxycycline-dependent suicide switch integrated in a tumor challenge model. With this experimental setup, we characterized the immunological consequences of cells dying by four distinct cell death stimuli in vivo. We observed that apoptotic cell death induced by expression of the truncated form of BH3 interacting-domain death agonist (tBid) and a constitutively active form of caspase 3 (revC3), respectively, showed higher immunogenicity than cell death induced by expression of the tuberculosis-necrotizing toxin (TNT). Our data indicate that the early release of ATP induces the silent clearance of dying cells, whereas the simultaneous presence of 'find me' signals and danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) promotes inflammatory reactions and increased immunogenicity. This proposed model is supported by findings showing that the production and release of high concentrations of IL-27 by bone-marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) is limited to BMDM exposed to those forms of death that simultaneously released ATP and the DAMPs heat-shock protein 90 (HSP90) and high-mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB1). These results demonstrate that the tissue microenvironment generated by dying cells may determine the subsequent immune response.
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Birge RB, Boeltz S, Kumar S, Carlson J, Wanderley J, Calianese D, Barcinski M, Brekken RA, Huang X, Hutchins JT, Freimark B, Empig C, Mercer J, Schroit AJ, Schett G, Herrmann M. Phosphatidylserine is a global immunosuppressive signal in efferocytosis, infectious disease, and cancer. Cell Death Differ 2016; 23:962-78. [PMID: 26915293 PMCID: PMC4987730 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2016.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 442] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis is an evolutionarily conserved and tightly regulated cell death modality. It serves important roles in physiology by sculpting complex tissues during embryogenesis and by removing effete cells that have reached advanced age or whose genomes have been irreparably damaged. Apoptosis culminates in the rapid and decisive removal of cell corpses by efferocytosis, a term used to distinguish the engulfment of apoptotic cells from other phagocytic processes. Over the past decades, the molecular and cell biological events associated with efferocytosis have been rigorously studied, and many eat-me signals and receptors have been identified. The externalization of phosphatidylserine (PS) is arguably the most emblematic eat-me signal that is in turn bound by a large number of serum proteins and opsonins that facilitate efferocytosis. Under physiological conditions, externalized PS functions as a dominant and evolutionarily conserved immunosuppressive signal that promotes tolerance and prevents local and systemic immune activation. Pathologically, the innate immunosuppressive effect of externalized PS has been hijacked by numerous viruses, microorganisms, and parasites to facilitate infection, and in many cases, establish infection latency. PS is also profoundly dysregulated in the tumor microenvironment and antagonizes the development of tumor immunity. In this review, we discuss the biology of PS with respect to its role as a global immunosuppressive signal and how PS is exploited to drive diverse pathological processes such as infection and cancer. Finally, we outline the rationale that agents targeting PS could have significant value in cancer and infectious disease therapeutics.
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Trudzinski F, Becker S, Flaig M, Langer F, Bals R, Wilkens H, Herrmann M, Lepper PM. Nachweis von Mycobacterium chimaera in Temperaturregulierungsgeräten der extrakorporalen Membranoxygenation (ECMO). Pneumologie 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1572109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Magorivska I, Muñoz LE, Janko C, Dumych T, Rech J, Schett G, Nimmerjahn F, Bilyy R, Herrmann M. Sialylation of anti-histone immunoglobulin G autoantibodies determines their capabilities to participate in the clearance of late apoptotic cells. Clin Exp Immunol 2016; 184:110-7. [PMID: 26618514 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The Fc portion of immunoglobulin (Ig)G harbours a single glycosylation site. Glycan sialylation is critical for structure and for certain effector functions of IgG. Anti-histone IgG of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus is reportedly responsible for the recruitment of polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) to the clearance of apoptotic cells. Autoantibodies decorating secondary necrotic cells (SNEC) induce proinflammatory responses after activation of blood-borne phagocytes. Analysing the sialylation status of affinity-purified anti-histone IgG in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), we demonstrated that the anti-histone IgG was contained preferentially in the non-sialylated fraction. In functional ex-vivo phagocytosis studies, non-sialylated anti-SNEC IgG directed SNEC preferentially into PMN but did not change their cytokine secretion profiles. In contrast, sialylated IgG reduced the phagocytosis by monocytes of SNEC. Moreover, the sialylated anti-SNEC IgG was not simply anti-inflammatory, but switched the cytokine secretion profiles from interleukin (IL)-6/IL-8 to tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α/IL-1β. Here we describe how different sialylation statuses of IgG autoantibodies contribute to the complex inflammatory network that regulates chronic inflammation.
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Heudorf U, Färber D, Mischler D, Schade M, Zinn C, Nillius D, Herrmann M. Multiresistente Erreger in Rehabilitationseinrichtungen im Rhein-Main-Gebiet, Deutschland, 2014: II. Ärztliche Risikoanalyse und Hygienemaßnahmen. REHABILITATION 2015; 54:375-81. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1564099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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