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Golan M, Levavi-Sivan B. Social dominance in tilapia is associated with gonadotroph hyperplasia. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2013; 192:126-35. [PMID: 23660448 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2013.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2013] [Revised: 04/20/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Tilapias are emerging as one of the most important fish in worldwide aquaculture and are also widely used as model fish in the study of reproduction and behavior. During the reproductive season, male tilapia are highly territorial and form spawning pits in which the dominant males court and spawn with available females. Non-territorial males stand a much lower chance of reproducing. Using transgenic tilapia in which follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) gonadotrophs were fluorescently labeled with enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP), we studied the effect of social dominance on the hormonal profile and pituitary cell populations in dominant and non-dominant males. Immunofluorescence studies showed that FSH-EGFP-transgenic fish reliably express EGFP in FSH-secreting cells. EGFP expression pattern differed from that of luteinizing hormone. Dominant males had larger gonads as well as higher levels of androgens and gonadotropins in the plasma. Pituitaries of dominant males exhibited higher gonadotropin content and gene expression. Flow cytometry revealed pituitary hyperplasia as well as FSH cell hyperplasia and increased granulation. Taken together, these findings suggest that gonadotroph hyperplasia as well as increased production by individual cells underlie the increased reproductive activity of dominant tilapia males.
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Shoshan-Barmatz V, Golan M. Mitochondrial VDAC1: function in cell life and death and a target for cancer therapy. Curr Med Chem 2012; 19:714-35. [PMID: 22204343 DOI: 10.2174/092986712798992110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2011] [Accepted: 10/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Found at the outer mitochondrial membrane, the voltage-dependent anion channel, VDAC, assumes a crucial position in the cell, serving as the main interface between mitochondrial and cellular metabolisms by mediating transport of ions and metabolites. VDAC thus functions as a gatekeeper, controlling cross-talk between mitochondria and the rest of the cell. Moreover, its location at the boundary between the mitochondria and the cytosol enables VDAC to interact with proteins that mediate and regulate the integration of mitochondrial functions with other cellular activities. Here, we review current knowledge related to the roles played by VDAC in the regulation of cell life and cell death, with relation to cancer. The current concepts of altered metabolism in cancer cells are presented with specific emphasis on mitochondrial, more specifically VDAC1-bound hexokinase (HK), facilitating and promoting the high glycolytic tumor phenotype. In this respect, the up-regulation of HK expression in tumor cells and its binding to VDAC provide both a metabolic benefit and apoptosis-suppressive capacity that offers the cell a growth advantage and increases its resistance to chemotherapy. VDAC has also been recognized as a key protein in mitochondria-mediated apoptosis since it is the proposed target for the pro- and antiapoptotic Bcl-2-family of proteins, as well as due to its function in the release of apoptotic proteins located in the inter-membranal space. These and other functions point to VDAC1 as being a rational target for the development of a new generation of therapeutics.
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Golan M. 164 The SEPT9_v1 first 25 amino acids fragment suppresses tumor growth through disruption of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1 alpha) nuclear translocation. EJC Suppl 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(10)71869-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Bachner-Melman R, Zohar AH, Elizur Y, Kremer I, Golan M, Ebstein R. Protective self-presentation style: association with disordered eating and anorexia nervosa mediated by sociocultural attitudes towards appearance. Eat Weight Disord 2009; 14:1-12. [PMID: 19367135 DOI: 10.1007/bf03327789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We tested the hypothesis that a protective self-presentation style (Lennox and Wolfe, 1984) is associated with eating pathology and anorexia nervosa (AN) and that this association is mediated by sociocultural attitudes towards appearance emphasizing the thin ideal. METHOD We compared the protective-presentation style of women with AN (N=17), partially recovered women (N=110), fully recovered women (N=73), and female controls (N=374). RESULTS Ill women had a more protective self-presentation style than partially or fully recovered women, who in turn had a more protective self-presentation style than controls. Sociocultural attitudes towards appearance fully mediated the association between protective self-presentation and disordered eating. CONCLUSIONS Protective self-presentation may therefore be a risk factor for AN and/or a prognostic factor. Implications for therapy and prevention are discussed.
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Golan M, Heiman N, Hardoff D. [Criteria for hospitalization of adolescents with anorexia nervosa according to postmodernistic approach]. HAREFUAH 2007; 146:554-9, 572. [PMID: 17803172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The increased incidence of eating disorders in the Western world raises the demand for discussion regarding recommendations for hospitalization of adolescents with these disorders. The American Psychiatric Association has established criteria for hospitalization that include physiological, psychological and social components. The societal and professional discussion regarding adolescent hospitalization is frequently based on obvious assumptions and accepted discourses, such as the hierarchical pattern in the medical model, the control perception, knowledge ownership, freedom of choice, etc. These issues challenge the discussion on the hospitalization of adolescents with eating disorders. Eating disorders involve dimensions of control, boundaries, and psychological space, which are the essence of the difference between therapy in hospital or in the community. Personality and personal patterns, as well as associated psychopathology, family structure and other factors influence these dimensions and the ability of teenagers to be helped by the professional frameworks approached by them. This manuscript raises questions in relation to issues regarding hospitalization based on conflicts unique to eating disorders.
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Aizen J, Kasuto H, Golan M, Zakay H, Levavi-Sivan B. Tilapia Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH): Immunochemistry, Stimulation by Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone, and Effect of Biologically Active Recombinant FSH on Steroid Secretion1. Biol Reprod 2007; 76:692-700. [PMID: 17192515 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.106.055822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
In fish, FSH is generally important for early gonadal development and vitellogenesis. As in mammals, FSH is a heterodimer composed of an alpha subunit that is noncovalently associated with the hormone-specific beta subunit. The objective of the present study was to express glycosylated, properly folded, and biologically active tilapia FSH (tFSH) using the Pichia pastoris expression system. Using this material, we aimed to develop a specific ELISA and to enable the study of FSH response to GnRH. The methylotrophic yeast P. pastoris was used to coexpress recombinant genes formed by fusion of mating factor alpha leader and tilapia fshb and cga coding sequences. Western blot analysis of tilapia pituitary FSH, resolved by SDS-PAGE, yielded a band of 15 kDa, while recombinant tFSH beta (rtFSH beta) and rtFSH beta alpha had molecular masses of 17-18 kDa and 26-30 kDa, respectively. Recombinant tFSH beta alpha was found to bear only N-linked carbohydrates. Recombinant tFSH beta alpha significantly enhanced 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT) and estradiol secretion from tilapia testes and ovaries, respectively, in a dose-dependent manner (similar to tilapia pituitary extract, affinity-purified pituitary FSH, and porcine FSH). Using antibodies raised against rtFSH beta, FSH-containing cells were localized adjacent to hypothalamic nerve fibers ramifying in the proximal pars distalis (PPD), while LH cells were localized in a more peripheral region of the PPD. Moreover, FSH is under the control of hypothalamic decapeptide GnRH, an effect that was abolished through the use of specific bioneutralizing antisera, anti-rtFSH beta. It also reduced basal secretion of 11-KT.
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Zekanowski C, Religa D, Safranow K, Maruszak A, Dziedziejko V, Styczyńska M, Gacia M, Golan M, Pepłońska B, Chlubek D, Kuźnicki J, Barcikowska M. The -22c/t polymorphism in presenilin 1 gene is not connected with late-onset and early-onset familial Alzheimer's disease in Poland. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2004; 112:839-45. [PMID: 15480851 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-004-0218-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2004] [Accepted: 08/15/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The -22c/t polymorphism in the promoter of the presenilin 1 gene is associated with increased risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD) in some populations. It was shown that -22c allele is connected with two-fold decrease in promoter activity. We studied the impact of the polymorphism in groups of Polish late-onset and early-onset AD patients. Our results suggest that -22c/t polymorphism is not connected with AD in Polish population. The -22t allele showed a high degree of linkage disequilibrium with -2797 insertion of 13 bp. An additional -2923g/t polymorphism is also not connected with -22c/t and is not a risk factor for AD.
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Golan M, Gogol-Ostrowsky T. [Clinical mentorship as a bridge to life in the treatment of eating disorders]. HAREFUAH 2001; 140:487-94, 566, 565. [PMID: 11420847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this article is to describe a community-based multi-modality intensive treatment program, which demonstrates a significant reduction in symptoms of eating disorders while providing an opportunity to deal with the functional and social skills. Treatment is delivered through a multidisciplinary team. The uniqueness of the team is in the inclusion of clinical mentors. These are social workers, art therapists and graduate level psychology students who are trained to connect with clients in an informal, intensive manner (10-40 hours a week). The mentors focus on legitimizing healthy attitudes to food, eating and life, while highlighting the pain and loss associated with the disorder. The mentors serve as meal companion and calming figure, representing the healthy self-caring voice. The relationship established during the many hours spent together becomes a powerful experience, completely different from the isolation of the disorder. The treatment intervenes in most areas of life, focusing on an active search for possibilities, in contrast to the emptiness associated with the disorder. This article presents the results and principles of a 2.5-year practice. Seventeen patients, ill for 6 years and more, completed this program more than a year ago. An assessment of their BMI and their general outcome using Eckert scales was performed. One year after completing the program, 76% of the patients were defined as recovered and 12% were almost recovered with only a few remaining symptoms. All of these patients function satisfactorily in the community, both in social and occupational aspects. Six percent were partially recovered and 6% suffered from regression during the first year of follow-up. This treatment provides the intensity required in hospitalizations, while enabling patients to stay in the community and maintain those activities that survive the disorder. This program has proven to work well with chronic patients. Further data, not analyzed as yet, also indicates the efficacy of this treatment in acute cases.
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Golan M, Hizi A, Keydar I, Tsarfaty] I. Characterization of a hormonally induced reverse transcriptase (RT) from the human breast cancer cell line T47D: a possible involvement in human breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res 2001. [PMCID: PMC3300535 DOI: 10.1186/bcr352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Golan M, Weizman A. Familial approach to the treatment of childhood obesity: conceptual mode. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION 2001; 33:102-7. [PMID: 12031190 DOI: 10.1016/s1499-4046(06)60173-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This model for the management of childhood obesity uses a family-based approach. Change is delivered through the parents (instead of the obese child) emphasizing a healthy lifestyle and not weight reduction as in previously published, family-based management of childhood obesity. This intervention integrates behavioral, social learning, and family system approaches. The proposed approach includes changes in parental cognition, emphasizing "parenthood presence"; parents serve both as a source of authority and a role model for the obese child, providing a family environment that fosters healthy practices related to weight control issues and de-emphasizing personal responsibility for control of health behavior.
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Golan M, Weizman A, Fainaru M. Impact of treatment for childhood obesity on parental risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Prev Med 1999; 29:519-26. [PMID: 10600433 DOI: 10.1006/pmed.1999.0584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Family-based approaches using the parents as agents of change to treat childhood obesity are superior to programs targeting only children in achieving weight reduction and have a lower dropout rate. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to compare the impact of two behavioral approaches (parents only vs children only) for the treatment of childhood obesity on parental weight, eating, and activity habits as well as cardiovascular risk factors. DESIGN A randomized 1-year clinical intervention study was performed. METHODS Sixty obese children (>/=20% over ideal weight for age, height, and sex), ages 6-11 years, were randomly allocated to the experimental (parents as sole agents of change) or conventional groups (children as sole agents of change). Fourteen (1-h-long) support/educational sessions were conducted by a clinical dietitian for the parents in the experimental group and 30 sessions for children in the conventional group. Anthropometric and biochemical measurements were determined at the start and end of the program. RESULTS The experimental approach, when compared to the conventional intervention, was found to be superior in the reduction of fathers overweight (P < 0.05). The former approach resulted also in improved profile of risk factors for cardiovascular disease in both parents. These changes could be ascribed to a greater improvement in eating and activity behaviors observed in parents belonging to the experimental intervention group who participated in a family-based intervention to treat their children's obesity. CONCLUSIONS Treatment of childhood obesity targeting the parents as the sole agent of change, which is more effective for the treatment of childhood obesity when compared to a children-oriented program, may in addition award parents with the benefit of changing their own eating and activity patterns, thus making this program ideal for treatment of obesity in children and their overweight parents.
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Golan M. Anorexia nervosa treated in a foster house setting: a case report. J Am Coll Nutr 1999; 18:186-8. [PMID: 10204836 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.1999.10718848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Golan M, Fainaru M, Weizman A. Role of behaviour modification in the treatment of childhood obesity with the parents as the exclusive agents of change. Int J Obes (Lond) 1998; 22:1217-24. [PMID: 9877257 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0800749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined the reduction in overweight and changes in eating-related behaviours in obese children treated with a family-based approach, in which the parents were the exclusive agents of change. Results were compared to the conventional approach in which children are responsible for their own weight loss. DESIGN A one-year longitudinal prospective design was used. Participants were randomly allocated for the experimental (parents as the agents of change) or the conventional (children as the agents of change) intervention. METHODS Sixty obese children (20% over ideal weight for age, height and gender) aged 6-11 y (mean+/-s.d. 9.2+/-1.0 y) were included in the study. Anthropometric measurements and biochemical tests were performed on the children and their parents before and after the programme, and both parents completed a sociodemographic and a family eating and activity habits questionnaire. Hour-long support/educational sessions were conducted by a clinical dietitian-14 sessions for the parents in the experimental intervention and 30 for the children in the conventional intervention. Individual sessions were held for members of both groups, when necessary. RESULTS Significant differences were found between the two groups in the reduction of exposure to food stimuli and changes in eating habits (eating while standing, watching TV, reading or doing homework, eating following stress and eating between meals). Mean weight reduction (by percentile) was significantly greater in the experimental intervention group (parent-only treatment) in comparison to the conventional intervention group (child-only treatment). CONCLUSIONS Treatment of childhood obesity with the parents as the exclusive agents of change, induces more behavioural changes as well as greater weight loss, than the conventional approach.
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Golan M, Weizman A. Reliability and validity of the Family Eating and Activity Habits Questionnaire. Eur J Clin Nutr 1998; 52:771-7. [PMID: 9805227 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this work was to develop and test an instrument that will identify the factors that facilitate childhood obesity and monitor the environmental changes and family behavior modifications associated with weight loss. DESIGN AND METHODS The relevant factors that affect obesity and weight loss in children were divided into four scales: activity level, stimulus exposure, eating related to hunger, and eating style. We designed a questionnaire to be completed by the parents of the obese child aged 6-11 years. Scores accumulated were calculated separately for each member of the family. Higher numerical scores reflected less appropriate eating patterns. The questionnaire reliability (test-retest), internal consistency and ability to discriminate obese vs normal-weight children's behaviors was tested using a pilot population of 40 mothers not enrolled in a formal weight loss program. The questionnaire reliability (parents' report and spouse report) and predictive validity was tested using a selective population: 60 parents of obese children enrolled in a clinical intervention intended to treat childhood obesity with an environmental approach vs a dietary approach. RESULTS The content validity of the questionnaire was evaluated by a team of ten experts. Cronbach's alpha was calculated to test internal consistency. Mean r was 0.83. Pearson's correlation coefficients were computed between test and retest scores for individual items and for the total score, and ranged from 0.78 to 0.90 (median 0.84) (P < 0.01 for all). Total score test-retest r was 0.85 (P < 0.01). The total family score was also higher in the families with an obese child compared to families with a normal-weight child, P < 0.01. No significant differences were noted between parent report and spouse report scores. The construct validity of the questionnaire was also supported by its high sensitivity to weight loss treatment. Weight loss in the child correlated highly with improvement in questionnaire score. CONCLUSIONS The Family Activity and Eating Habits Questionnaire is reliable and internally consistent, and it is useful as an optional tool for planning an intervention program for childhood obesity.
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Golan M, Weizman A, Apter A, Fainaru M. Parents as the exclusive agents of change in the treatment of childhood obesity. Am J Clin Nutr 1998; 67:1130-5. [PMID: 9625084 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/67.6.1130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 333] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive weight in childhood is a serious public health concern because of its costly health consequences and its increasing prevalence. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to compare the efficacy of a family-based approach for the treatment of childhood obesity, in which the parents served as the exclusive agents of change, with that of the conventional approach, in which the children served as the agents of change. DESIGN This study had a randomized, longitudinal prospective design and lasted 1 y. Sixty obese children aged 6-11 y were randomly allocated to the experimental (parents as agents of change) or control (children as agents of change) group. Anthropometric and biochemical measurements were determined at the start and end of the study. A sociodemographic questionnaire and a family eating and activity habits questionnaire were completed by both parents. Hour-long support and educational sessions were conducted by a clinical dietitian: 14 sessions for the parents in the experimental group and 30 sessions for the children in the control group. RESULTS The dropout rate was nine times greater in the control group (n = 9) than in the experimental group (n = 1). Mean percentile weight reduction was significantly (P < 0.03) higher in children in the experimental group (14.6%) than in the control group (8.1%). CONCLUSIONS Treatment of childhood obesity with parents as the exclusive agents of change was superior to the conventional approach, as indicated by the dropout rate and the percentage weight loss of the children during the 1-y intervention.
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Argov S, Golan M, Laver O. [Angina pectoris as a symptom of gastric volvulus]. HAREFUAH 1996; 130:236-9; 295. [PMID: 8675114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Angina pectoris is a common complaint in any emergency service, but it rarely is of extracardiac origin. A rare case of gastric volvulus which presented a recurrent angina pectoris in a 47-year-old man is reported. Repeated episodes of angina pectoris in a patient with a negative cardiac investigation should alert the physician to the possibility of extracardiac pathology.
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Goor DA, Golan M, Bar-El Y, Modan M, Lusky A, Rozenman J, Mohr R. Synergism between infarct-borne left ventricular dysfunction and cardiomegaly in increasing the risk of coronary bypass surgery. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1992; 104:983-9. [PMID: 1405700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The effect of cardiomegaly on operative and late mortality in patients with left ventricular dysfunction undergoing coronary bypass operation was investigated. The study group consisted of 178 patients whose left ventricular ejection fraction was below 45% and who were operated on from 1978 through 1985. Forty-five patients (group A) had severe left ventricular dysfunction (ejection fraction < 30%) and 133 (group B) had moderate dysfunction (30% > ejection fraction > 45%). Twenty-four of group A (53%) and 54 of group B (41%) patients had cardiomegaly (cardiothoracic ratio on chest x-ray films > 0.5). There were 10 (6%) hospital deaths, four in group A (9%) and six in group B (4.5%). All four deaths in group A and the six deaths in group B were patients who had cardiomegaly. Regardless of the severity of the left ventricular dysfunction, there was no operative death among patients with normal heart size (p < 0.001). Age over 65, bypass time longer than 2 hours, and incomplete revascularization emerged as risk factors. Follow-up ranged from 5 to 13 years (mean 7.8 years). Overall 5-year actuarial survival, including hospital mortality, was 80% +/- 3%. Reduced 5-year survival was observed in patients with cardiomegaly (67% +/- 5% versus 91% +/- 3%, p < 0.05). Five- and 10-year survival of patients from group A with cardiomegaly was 53% +/- 7% and 18% +/- 13%, respectively.
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Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate whether a soft solid bolus can induce abnormal manometric patterns in patients with dysphagia and normal standard manometry. The study group comprised 12 normal volunteers and 22 patients with dysphagia. Manometry was performed using 10 wet swallows followed by 10 swallows of marshmallow. The results show: (1) in normal subjects the mean contraction amplitude is significantly greater (P less than 0.035) and the velocity of propagation significantly slower (P less than 0.003) for soft solid swallows compared with wet swallows; (2) in normal subjects there are fewer abnormal contractions after soft solid swallows than after wet swallows; (3) in 15 patients, soft solid swallows induced non-peristaltic contractions and/or contractions of extreme amplitude and/or duration that were not observed after wet swallows; (4) in patients, the probability of inducing abnormal contractions after soft solid swallows is significantly greater than after wet swallows (P less than 0.0001). We conclude that soft solid swallowing is useful in the study of patients with dysphagia.
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Yellin A, Golan M, Klein E, Avigad I, Rosenman J, Lieberman Y. Penetrating thoracic wounds caused by plastic bullets. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1992; 103:381-5. [PMID: 1736005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Thoracic penetrating injuries caused by a new plastic bullet were studied to determine the nature of the wounds and the appropriate management. Twenty-six casualties from the Israeli-Palestinian conflict (Intifada) were included. The organs most commonly involved were lung (n = 21), bony chest wall (n = 9), heart (n = 3), and diaphragm. Bleeding was at least moderate in 20 patients, amounting in all patients to an average of 975 ml. Thoracotomy was required in 11 patients (42%) mainly because of cardiac injury (n = 3) and aortic or other arterial bleeding (n = 3). Simple oversewing of severed organs (n = 8) or ligation of bleeding vessels (n = 3) was satisfactory. Two patients died (7.7% mortality); one after major liver resection; the other was dead on arrival. We conclude that plastic bullets have a linear course unless displaced by the bony chest wall, when they tend to fragment and cause simple fractures. Fired from a presumed range of at least 70 m, plastic bullets behave like low-velocity missiles, and tissue destruction is minimal. Management should be similar to that of civilian thoracic penetrating trauma.
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Walden R, Lynn M, Golan M, Garniek A. Plastic bullet arterial embolization following gunshot injury to the heart. Case report and review of the literature. THE JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY 1990; 31:482-5. [PMID: 2211803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A plastic bullet penetrating the heart through the right ventricle embolized to the right profunda. Suture of the heart and extraction of the bullet resulted in uneventful recovery. The literature revealed 21 instances of embolization following proven heart penetration, in two cases through the right ventricle.
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Golan M, Modan M, Lavee J, Martinowitz U, Savion N, Goor DA, Mohr R. Transfusion of fresh whole blood stored (4 degrees C) for short period fails to improve platelet aggregation on extracellular matrix and clinical hemostasis after cardiopulmonary bypass. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1990; 99:354-60. [PMID: 2299875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
It has recently been shown that the hemostatic effect of 1 unit of fresh whole blood is equivalent to the effect of 8 to 10 platelet units. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of short periods of cold (4 degrees C) storage on the hemostatic effect of fresh whole blood transfusion in 36 patients immediately after cardiopulmonary bypass. Twelve patients (group A) received unrefrigerated fresh whole blood, 12 (group B) received fresh whole blood after 5 hours' storage at 4 degrees C, and 12 (group C) after 24 hours' storage at 4 degrees C. For evaluation of platelet function, a method with an extracellular matrix and an electron microscope was used. The platelet function was graded from 1 to 4, with grade 4 being normal aggregation. Postoperatively, group A patients bled less than groups B and C (267 +/- 42 versus 397 +/- 72 and 601 +/- 172 ml/24 hr, respectively, p less than 0.001) and therefore received fewer blood units (1.4 +/- 0.5 versus 2 +/- 0.9 and 3 +/- 1.4, respectively, p less than 0.01). Five patients of group A (42%) reached grade A aggregation after transfusion of unstored fresh whole blood, compared with two (17%) of group B and none (0%) of group C (p less than 0.01). Posttransfusion platelet count and mean platelet volume were not significantly different in the three groups. We conclude that storage at 4 degrees C, even for a short period of 5 hours, diminishes the hemostatic effect of fresh whole blood by decreasing platelet aggregability.
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Lavee J, Martinowitz U, Mohr R, Goor DA, Golan M, Langsam J, Malik Z, Savion N. The effect of transfusion of fresh whole blood versus platelet concentrates after cardiac operations. A scanning electron microscope study of platelet aggregation on extracellular matrix. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1989; 97:204-12. [PMID: 2915556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the effect of fresh whole blood transfusion versus platelet concentrates transfusion on platelet aggregation after cardiac operations, 24 patients were randomized to receive either one unit of fresh whole blood (12 patients) or 10 platelet units (12 patients) after cardiopulmonary bypass. Platelet aggregation on extracellular matrix, platelet count, and mean platelet volume were studied preoperatively, at termination of cardiopulmonary bypass, after protamine administration, and after the transfusion of fresh whole blood or after transfusion of each two platelet units. Extracellular matrix produced by cultured bovine corneal cells closely resembles the vascular subendothelial basal lamina, and is an ideal in vitro model in the study of platelet interaction with the subendothelium. Platelet aggregation on extracellular matrix, studied by a scanning electron microscope, was graded from 1 to 4, wherein grade 1 represents nonactivated platelets and grade 4 a mature platelet aggregate. With this grading system, the two groups were similar in preoperative values (3.3 +/- 0.9 versus 3.7 +/- 0.4) and values after cardiopulmonary bypass (1.5 +/- 1.0 in both groups). One unit of fresh whole blood restored platelet aggregation on extracellular matrix to preoperative status (3.0 +/- 1.0), whereas eight platelet units were needed for the same result (3.2 +/- 0.8). One unit of fresh whole blood increased platelet count in a manner similar to that achieved by six platelet units and increased mean platelet volume to a level higher than that achieved by 10 platelet units. These results suggest that the effect of one unit of fresh whole blood on platelet aggregation after cardiopulmonary bypass is at least equal, if not superior, to the effect of 8 to 10 platelet units.
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Wagner Y, Keren S, Heldenberg D, Golan M. [Biofeedback therapy for fecal soiling in children]. HAREFUAH 1988; 115:218-21. [PMID: 3229671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Keren S, Wagner Y, Heldenberg D, Golan M. Studies of manometric abnormalities of the rectoanal region during defecation in constipated and soiling children: modification through biofeedback therapy. Am J Gastroenterol 1988; 83:827-31. [PMID: 3394685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Anorectal manometry was performed on 12 normal children and 18 patients suffering from constipation and soiling. In both groups, the results of the rectoanal inhibitory reflex and the squeezing anal pressure were similar. The pressure recording in all the normal children showed that the anal canal relaxed during defecation. Fourteen (78%) constipated children closed the anal canal while straining by contracting the anal sphincter. This paradoxical contraction appears to be the cause of chronic constipation. Twelve children with paradoxical anal closure were treated by biofeedback therapy. The results show that all these children were successfully conditioned to relax their anal sphincter during defecation. This therapy improved their bowel habits and relieved them from constipation and soiling. It is proposed that the paradoxical anal closure itself is the result of a self-conditioning process. In this process, the patient learns to paradoxically contract the external anal sphincter in response to the urge and the act of defecation. Biofeedback therapy seems to be the appropriate treatment in such cases.
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Golan M, Goor DA, Jacob ET. Coronary artery bypass surgery in a cadaver kidney transplant recipient. Int Surg 1987; 72:56-7. [PMID: 3298117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A review of the literature revealed that reports on coronary bypass operations in post renal transplant patients are rare. Here a case of successful coronary by-pass operation in a renal transplant patient is reported.
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