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Rosenberg J, Powles T, Sonpavde G, Loriot Y, Duran I, Lee J, Matsubara N, Vulsteke C, Castellano D, Mamtani R, Sridhar S, Pappot H, Gurney H, Bedke J, van der Heijden M, Campbell M, Wu C, Matsangou M, Petrylak D. 698P Analysis of hard-to-treat subgroups from EV-301: A phase III trial of enfortumab vedotin (EV) vs chemotherapy for previously treated advanced urothelial carcinoma. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Ballabriga R, Alozy J, Bandi FN, Campbell M, Egidos N, Fernandez-Tenllado JM, Heijne EHM, Kremastiotis I, Llopart X, Madsen BJ, Pennicard D, Sriskaran V, Tlustos L. Photon Counting Detectors for X-Ray Imaging With Emphasis on CT. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON RADIATION AND PLASMA MEDICAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1109/trpms.2020.3002949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Hensley P, Miest T, Adibi M, Campbell M, Shah A, Cherry L, Papadopoulos J, Siefker-Radtke A, Gao J, Guo C, Czerniak B, Navai N, Kamat A, Dinney C, Matin S. GFR fluctuation induced by neoadjuvant chemotherapy correlates with pathologic stage of upper tract urothelial carcinoma. Eur Urol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(21)01164-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Hancock A, Weeks AD, Furber C, Campbell M, Lavender T. The Recognition of Excessive blood loss At ChildbirTh (REACT) Study: a two-phase exploratory, sequential mixed methods inquiry using focus groups, interviews and a pilot, randomised crossover study. BJOG 2021; 128:1843-1854. [PMID: 33966330 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.16735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore how childbirth-related blood loss is evaluated and excessive bleeding recognised; and to develop and test a theory of postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) diagnosis. DESIGN Two-phase, exploratory, sequential mixed methods design using focus groups, interviews and a pilot, randomised crossover study. SETTING Two hospitals in North West England. SAMPLE Women (following vaginal birth with and without PPH), birth partners, midwives and obstetricians. METHODS Phase 1 (qualitative): 8 focus groups and 20 one-to-one, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 women, 5 birth partners, 11 obstetricians, 1 obstetric anaesthetist and 19 midwives (n = 51). Phase 2 (quantitative): 11 obstetricians and ten midwives (n = 21) completed two simulations of fast and slow blood loss using a high-fidelity childbirth simulator. RESULTS Responses to blood loss were described as automatic, intuitive reactions to the speed, nature and visibility of blood flow. Health professionals reported that quantifying volume was most useful after a PPH diagnosis, to validate intuitive decisions and guide ongoing management. During simulations, PPH treatment was initiated at volumes at or below 200 ml (fast mean blood loss 79.6 ml, SD 41.1; slow mean blood loss 62.6 ml, SD 27.7). All participants treated fast, visible blood loss, but only half treated slow blood loss, despite there being no difference in volumes (difference 18.2 ml, 95% CI -5.6 to 42.2 ml, P = 0.124). CONCLUSIONS Experience and intuition, rather than blood loss volume, inform recognition of excessive blood loss after birth. Women and birth partners want more information and open communication about blood loss. Further research exploring clinical decision-making and how to support it is required. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT During a PPH, clinical decision-making is intuitive with clinicians treating as soon as excessive loss is recognised.
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Oldroyd RA, Hobbs M, Campbell M, Jenneson V, Marek L, Morris MA, Pontin F, Sturley C, Tomintz M, Wiki J, Birkin M, Kingham S, Wilson M. Progress Towards Using Linked Population-Based Data For Geohealth Research: Comparisons Of Aotearoa New Zealand And The United Kingdom. APPLIED SPATIAL ANALYSIS AND POLICY 2021; 14:1025-1040. [PMID: 33942015 PMCID: PMC8081771 DOI: 10.1007/s12061-021-09381-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Globally, geospatial concepts are becoming increasingly important in epidemiological and public health research. Individual level linked population-based data afford researchers with opportunities to undertake complex analyses unrivalled by other sources. However, there are significant challenges associated with using such data for impactful geohealth research. Issues range from extracting, linking and anonymising data, to the translation of findings into policy whilst working to often conflicting agendas of government and academia. Innovative organisational partnerships are therefore central to effective data use. To extend and develop existing collaborations between the institutions, in June 2019, authors from the Leeds Institute for Data Analytics and the Alan Turing Institute, London, visited the Geohealth Laboratory based at the University of Canterbury, New Zealand. This paper provides an overview of insight shared during a two-day workshop considering aspects of linked population-based data for impactful geohealth research. Specifically, we discuss both the collaborative partnership between New Zealand's Ministry of Health (MoH) and the University of Canterbury's GeoHealth Lab and novel infrastructure, and commercial partnerships enabled through the Leeds Institute for Data Analytics and the Alan Turing Institute in the UK. We consider the New Zealand Integrated Data Infrastructure as a case study approach to population-based linked health data and compare similar approaches taken by the UK towards integrated data infrastructures, including the ESRC Big Data Network centres, the UK Biobank, and longitudinal cohorts. We reflect on and compare the geohealth landscapes in New Zealand and the UK to set out recommendations and considerations for this rapidly evolving discipline.
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Campbell M, Hajizadeh M. Trends in socioeconomic inequalities in the incidence of ovarian cancer among women in Canada: 1992-2010. Women Health 2021; 61:381-392. [PMID: 33813998 DOI: 10.1080/03630242.2021.1909202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the seventh most common cancer among women worldwide. We assessed the effect of socioeconomic status on ovarian cancer incidence in Canada between 1992 and 2010. We linked data from the Canadian Cancer Registry (CCR), Canadian Census of Population (CCP), and National Household Survey (NHS) to measure socioeconomic inequalities in the incidence of ovarian cancer among Canadian women over the study period. The age-standardized relative and absolute concentration index (RC and AC, respectively) were calculated to quantify income- and education-related inequalities in the incidence of ovarian cancer in Canadian women during this period. Despite a slight increase in the crude incidence of ovarian cancer in Ontario, Quebec, New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador & Prince Edward Island, and Canada as a whole, the incidence of ovarian cancer in Canada has mostly remained stable, between 13 and 15 new cases per 100,000 per year between 1992 and 2010. The estimated age-standardized RC and AC values for the study period did not indicate any statistically significant relationship between income or education status, and the incidence of ovarian cancer in Canada. Future work should be directed at seeking related risk factors other than socioeconomic status that may contribute to the incidence of this disease.
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Hobbs M, Kingham S, Wiki J, Marek L, Campbell M. Unhealthy environments are associated with adverse mental health and psychological distress: Cross-sectional evidence from nationally representative data in New Zealand. Prev Med 2021; 145:106416. [PMID: 33524416 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.106416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
This study combines data on the location of health-constraining 'bads' (i: fast-food outlets, ii: takeaway outlets, iii: dairy outlets and convenience stores, iv: alcohol outlets, and v: gaming venues) and health-promoting 'goods' (i: green spaces, ii: blue spaces, iii: physical activity facilities, and iv: fruit and vegetable outlets) into a nationwide Healthy Living Index. This was applied to pooled (2015/16-2017/18) nationally representative New Zealand Health Survey data, with mental health conditions (depression, bipolar, and anxiety) and psychological distress as population-level outcomes. Mental health was associated with proximity to environmental 'goods' and 'bads'. Compared to those individuals who reside within the unhealthiest environments, there was a steady reduction in the odds of adverse mental health outcomes and psychological distress as the environment became more health-promoting.
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Ahn JK, Beckford B, Campbell M, Chen SH, Comfort J, Dona K, Farrington MS, Hanai K, Hara N, Haraguchi H, Hsiung YB, Hutcheson M, Inagaki T, Isoe M, Kamiji I, Kato T, Kim EJ, Kim JL, Kim HM, Komatsubara TK, Kotera K, Lee SK, Lee JW, Lim GY, Lin QS, Lin C, Luo Y, Mari T, Masuda T, Matsumura T, Mcfarland D, McNeal N, Miyazaki K, Murayama R, Nakagiri K, Nanjo H, Nishimiya H, Noichi Y, Nomura T, Nunes T, Ohsugi M, Okuno H, Redeker JC, Sanchez J, Sasaki M, Sasao N, Sato T, Sato K, Sato Y, Shimizu N, Shimogawa T, Shinkawa T, Shinohara S, Shiomi K, Shiraishi R, Su S, Sugiyama Y, Suzuki S, Tajima Y, Taylor M, Tecchio M, Togawa M, Toyoda T, Tung YC, Vuong QH, Wah YW, Watanabe H, Yamanaka T, Yoshida HY, Zaidenberg L. Study of the K_{L}→π^{0}νν[over ¯] Decay at the J-PARC KOTO Experiment. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:121801. [PMID: 33834796 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.121801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The rare decay K_{L}→π^{0}νν[over ¯] was studied with the dataset taken at the J-PARC KOTO experiment in 2016, 2017, and 2018. With a single event sensitivity of (7.20±0.05_{stat}±0.66_{syst})×10^{-10}, three candidate events were observed in the signal region. After unveiling them, contaminations from K^{±} and scattered K_{L} decays were studied, and the total number of background events was estimated to be 1.22±0.26. We conclude that the number of observed events is statistically consistent with the background expectation. For this dataset, we set an upper limit of 4.9×10^{-9} on the branching fraction of K_{L}→π^{0}νν[over ¯] at the 90% confidence level.
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Acharya B, Alexandre J, Benes P, Bergmann B, Bernabéu J, Bevan A, Branzas H, Burian P, Campbell M, Cecchini S, Cho YM, de Montigny M, De Roeck A, Ellis JR, El Sawy M, Fairbairn M, Felea D, Frank M, Hays J, Hirt AM, Janecek J, Kalliokoski M, Korzenev A, Lacarrère DH, Leroy C, Levi G, Lionti A, Mamuzic J, Maulik A, Margiotta A, Mauri N, Mavromatos NE, Mermod P, Mieskolainen M, Millward L, Mitsou VA, Orava R, Ostrovskiy I, Ouimet PP, Papavassiliou J, Parker B, Patrizii L, Păvălaş GE, Pinfold JL, Popa LA, Popa V, Pozzato M, Pospisil S, Rajantie A, Ruiz de Austri R, Sahnoun Z, Sakellariadou M, Santra A, Sarkar S, Semenoff G, Shaa A, Sirri G, Sliwa K, Soluk R, Spurio M, Staelens M, Suk M, Tenti M, Togo V, Tuszyński JA, Upreti A, Vento V, Vives O, Wall A. First Search for Dyons with the Full MoEDAL Trapping Detector in 13 TeV pp Collisions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:071801. [PMID: 33666471 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.071801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The MoEDAL trapping detector consists of approximately 800 kg of aluminum volumes. It was exposed during run 2 of the LHC program to 6.46 fb^{-1} of 13 TeV proton-proton collisions at the LHCb interaction point. Evidence for dyons (particles with electric and magnetic charge) captured in the trapping detector was sought by passing the aluminum volumes comprising the detector through a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometer. The presence of a trapped dyon would be signaled by a persistent current induced in the SQUID magnetometer. On the basis of a Drell-Yan production model, we exclude dyons with a magnetic charge ranging up to five Dirac charges (5g_{D}) and an electric charge up to 200 times the fundamental electric charge for mass limits in the range 870-3120 GeV and also monopoles with magnetic charge up to and including 5g_{D} with mass limits in the range 870-2040 GeV.
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Hobbs M, Schoeppe S, Duncan MJ, Vandelanotte C, Marek L, Wiki J, Tomintz M, Campbell M, Kingham S. Objectively measured waist circumference is most strongly associated in father-boy and mother-girl dyads in a large nationally representative sample of New Zealanders. Int J Obes (Lond) 2020; 45:438-448. [PMID: 33177613 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-020-00699-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of children with elevated weight or obesity is concerning for public health due to associated comorbidities. This study investigates associations between parental adiposity, physical activity (PA), fruit and vegetable consumption, and child adiposity and moderation by both child and parent gender. METHODS Cross-sectional nationally representative data from the New Zealand Health Survey were pooled for the years 2013/14-2016/17. Parent and child surveys were matched resulting in 13,039 child (2-14 years) and parent (15-70 years) dyads. Parent and child, height (cm), weight (kg) and waist circumference (WC) were measured objectively. Height and weight were used to calculate BMI. Linear regression, accounting for clustered samples (b [95% CI]) investigated associations between parental characteristics and child BMI z-score and WC. Interactions and stratification were used to investigate effect moderation by parent gender, child gender, and parent adiposity. RESULTS Parental PA and fruit and vegetable consumption were unrelated to child adiposity. Overall, higher parent BMI was related to a higher child BMI z-score (b = 0.047 [0.042, 0.052]) and higher parental WC was related to a higher child WC (0.15 [0.12, 0.17]). A three-way interaction revealed no moderation by parent gender, child gender, and parent BMI for child BMI z-score ((b = 0.005 [-0.017, 0.027], p = 0.318). However, a three-way interaction revealed moderation by parent gender, child gender, and parent WC for child WC (b = 0.13 [0.05, 0.22]). The slightly stronger associations were seen between father-son WC (b = 0.20 [0.15, 0.24]) and mother-daughter WC (b = 0.19 [0.15, 0.22]). CONCLUSIONS The findings are highly relevant for those wishing to understand the complex relationships between child-parent obesity factors. Findings suggest that family environments should be a key target for obesity intervention efforts and show how future public health interventions should be differentiated to account for both maternal and paternal influences on child adiposity.
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Ruschin M, McCann C, Stewart J, Maralani P, Campbell M, Kim A, Lee Y, Carty A, Tseng C, Sahgal A, Keller B. Patient Setup And Intra-Fraction Variability On The MR-Linac For Patients Undergoing Brain Tumor Radiation: First Step To Establishing A Planning Target Volume Margin. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Zeng K, Husain Z, Soliman H, Myrehaug S, Tseng C, Detsky J, Lee Y, Campbell M, Foster M, Atenafu E, Maralani P, Sahgal A. Imaging-Based Local Control Rates For “Radioresistant” Spinal Metastases Following Spine Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy Using Prostate Cancer As The “Radiosensitive” Reference. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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De B, Venkatesan A, Msaouel P, Ghia A, Li J, Yeboa D, Nguyen Q, Bishop A, Jonasch E, Shah A, Campbell M, Wang J, Zurita-Saavedra A, Karam J, Wood C, Matin S, Tannir N, Tang C. Definitive Radiotherapy for Oligoprogressive Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma as a Strategy to Defer Systemic Therapy Escalation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Yang Y, Grainger R, Gornall M, Obeidat M, Campbell M, Batouskaya K, Khand A. Independent predictors of repeat emergency room presentations in patients with noncardiac chest pain: insights from a cohort of 1066 consecutive patients with 4770 repeat presentations. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.3529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Repeat attendances with noncardiac chest pain (NCCP) to emergency room (ER) are frequent..Our aim was to analyse predictors of repeat presentations to ER in patients with NCCP.
Methods
We prospectively enrolled 1066 consecutive presentations with NCCP to a major urban hospital ER. Index of multiple deprivation (IMR) was computed. Charlson comorbidity (CCM) index was determined. Repeat presentation to ER to any national hospital was determined by a national linked database (pop. 53.5m).
Results
Median age was 43 (IQR 28, 59), 50.8% were male. 63% were current or previous smokers. 1 year incidence of adjudicated MI, coronary revascularisation and all-cause death was 0.6%, 2% and 5.3% respectively. There was a total of 4770 repeat ER presentations. After taking account of death independent predictors for repeat presentation were current smoking (OR 1.844, p=0.001) and CCM score ≥1 (OR 1.58, p=0.014) (table).
Conclusions
Smoking and patients with multiple comorbidities represent health policy targets for lessening hospital burden of NCCP.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Public hospital(s). Main funding source(s): Liverpool University Hospital NHS Trust; North-West Educational Cardiac Group
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Khand A, Obeidat M, Campbell M, Batouskaya K, Mullen L, Fisher M, Neoh K, Johnson C, Chew P, Carlton E, Backus B. Modified HEART score, utilising a single high-sensitive troponin sample, allows early, safe discharge of suspected acute coronary syndrome: a prospective multicentre cohort study of 3016 patients. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.1705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Combining HSTnT (high sensitive troponin T) values at low levels with composite risk scores may improve early safe, discharge in suspected acute coronary syndromes (ACS). We tested this hypothesis by a prospective study of 3016 consecutive patients with suspected ACS in 2 large hospitals.
Methods
Consecutive chest pain (CP) presentations with HSTnT sampled and ECG undertaken at presentation were prospectively defined in 2 time periods (2011-12, n=1642 [derivation] 2018, n=1376 [validation]).
The HstnT input was modified: dichotomous HSTnT input was lowered to <5 (limit of detection, LOD) or ≥5ng/l (mod TIMI and GRACE), HEART score was re-calibrated (<5 = 0 [LOD], ≥5–14 = 1, >14 = 2 [99th percentile]). All biomarker positive CP index and re-admissions to any regional hospital (catchment population 2.6 million) were independently adjudicated for MI by 2 experienced physicians. Primary outcome was MACE (adjudicated type 1 MI, unplanned coronary revascularisation and all cause death) at 6 weeks.
Results
In the 2 cohorts demographic factors were similar: median age 59 and 56, male 52% and 52%, previous MI 20% and 14% for 2011-12 and 2018 respectively. At 6 weeks 180 (11%) and 75 (5.4%) suffered type 1 MI and 211 (12.9%) and 92 (6.7%) patients suffered MACE in the 2011-12 and 2018 cohorts respectively.
Only Mod HEART ≤3 and undetectable HSTnT, with a nonischaemic ECG, achieved prespecified NPV of >99.5% in both derivation and validation cohorts (table). However Modified HEART ≤3 score could discharge approximately 12% more patients as compared to undetectable HSTnT strategy.
Conclusion
Modified HEART score ≤3, with the use of a single HSTnT, appears the optimum early discharge strategy for suspected ACS
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): Liverpool university Hospitals, North-West Educational Cardiac Group
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Gaspar N, Campbell-Hewson Q, Bielack S, Campbell M, Bautista F, Meazza C, Janeway K, Dela Cruz F, Whittle S, Morgenstern D, Dutta L, McKenzie J, O'Hara K, Huang J, Okpara C, Bidadi B, Koh KN, Moreland B. 443TiP A multicenter, open-label, randomized phase II study to compare the efficacy and safety of lenvatinib in combination with ifosfamide and etoposide versus ifosfamide and etoposide in children, adolescents, and young adults with relapsed or refractory osteosarcoma (OLIE; ITCC-082). Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.10.435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Soliman M, Wang Y, Farooqi A, Bishop A, Yeboa D, McGovern S, McAleer M, Briere T, Campbell M, Tu S, Ferguson S, Rao G, Nieto Y, Li J. Primary Management of Non-Seminomatous Germ Cell Brain Metastases with Stereotactic Radiosurgery: A Case Series. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.2035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Gaspar N, Campbell-Hewson Q, Bielack S, Campbell M, Bautista F, Meazza C, Janeway K, Dela Cruz F, Whittle S, Morgenstern D, Dutta L, McKenzie J, O'Hara K, Huang J, Okpara C, Bidadi B, Koh KN, Morland B. 1668TiP A multicenter, open-label, randomized phase II study to compare the efficacy and safety of lenvatinib in combination with ifosfamide and etoposide versus ifosfamide and etoposide in children, adolescents and young adults with relapsed or refractory osteosarcoma (OLIE; ITCC-082). Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.1893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Hobbs M, Marek L, Wiki J, Campbell M, Deng BY, Sharpe H, McCarthy J, Kingham S. Close proximity to alcohol outlets is associated with increased crime and hazardous drinking: Pooled nationally representative data from New Zealand. Health Place 2020; 65:102397. [PMID: 32769016 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2020.102397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This nationwide study investigated the relationship between proximity to alcohol outlets (off-licence, on-licence, and other-licence) and two adverse outcomes; hazardous drinking and crime (common assault, non-aggravated sexual assault, aggravated sexual assault, and tobacco and liquor offences). After adjustment for important individual- and area-level factors, close proximity to alcohol outlets was associated with increased risk of hazardous drinking, with strong associations for on-licence outlets. Proximity alcohol outlets was also strongly associated with all crime outcomes, often with a dose-response relationship. Nationally representative New Zealand data showed that close proximity to alcohol outlets was associated with increased crime and hazardous drinking.
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Acero M, Adamson P, Aliaga L, Alion T, Allakhverdian V, Anfimov N, Antoshkin A, Arrieta-Diaz E, Aurisano A, Back A, Backhouse C, Baird M, Balashov N, Baldi P, Bambah B, Basher S, Bays K, Behera B, Bending S, Bernstein R, Bhatnagar V, Bhuyan B, Bian J, Blair J, Booth A, Bolshakova A, Bour P, Bromberg C, Buchanan N, Butkevich A, Campbell M, Carroll T, Catano-Mur E, Childress S, Choudhary B, Chowdhury B, Coan T, Colo M, Corwin L, Cremonesi L, Cronin-Hennessy D, Davies G, Derwent P, Ding P, Djurcic Z, Doyle D, Dukes E, Dung P, Duyang H, Edayath S, Ehrlich R, Feldman G, Flanagan W, Frank M, Gallagher H, Gandrajula R, Gao F, Germani S, Giri A, Gomes R, Goodman M, Grichine V, Groh M, Group R, Guo B, Habig A, Hakl F, Hartnell J, Hatcher R, Hatzikoutelis A, Heller K, Himmel A, Holin A, Howard B, Huang J, Hylen J, Jediny F, Johnson C, Judah M, Kakorin I, Kalra D, Kaplan D, Keloth R, Klimov O, Koerner L, Kolupaeva L, Kotelnikov S, Kreymer A, Kullenberg C, Kumar A, Kuruppu C, Kus V, Lackey T, Lang K, Lin S, Lokajicek M, Lozier J, Luchuk S, Maan K, Magill S, Mann W, Marshak M, Matveev V, Méndez D, Messier M, Meyer H, Miao T, Miller W, Mishra S, Mislivec A, Mohanta R, Moren A, Mualem L, Muether M, Mulder K, Mufson S, Murphy R, Musser J, Naples D, Nayak N, Nelson J, Nichol R, Niner E, Norman A, Nosek T, Oksuzian Y, Olshevskiy A, Olson T, Paley J, Patterson R, Pawloski G, Pershey D, Petrova O, Petti R, Plunkett R, Potukuchi B, Principato C, Psihas F, Raj V, Radovic A, Rameika R, Rebel B, Rojas P, Ryabov V, Sachdev K, Samoylov O, Sanchez M, Seong I, Shanahan P, Sheshukov A, Singh P, Singh V, Smith E, Smolik J, Snopok P, Solomey N, Song E, Sousa A, Soustruznik K, Strait M, Suter L, Talaga R, Tas P, Thayyullathil R, Thomas J, Tiras E, Torbunov D, Tripathi J, Tsaris A, Torun Y, Urheim J, Vahle P, Vasel J, Vinton L, Vokac P, Vrba T, Wang B, Warburton T, Wetstein M, While M, Whittington D, Wojcicki S, Wolcott J, Yadav N, Yallappa Dombara A, Yang S, Yonehara K, Yu S, Zalesak J, Zamorano B, Zwaska R. Measurement of neutrino-induced neutral-current coherent
π0
production in the NOvA near detector. Int J Clin Exp Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.102.012004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Campbell M, Fathi R, Cheng S, Ho A, Gilbert E. Rhamnus prinoides
(gesho) stem extract prevents co‐culture biofilm formation by
Streptococcus mutans
and
Candida albicans. Lett Appl Microbiol 2020; 71:294-302. [DOI: 10.1111/lam.13307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Mccallum C, Campbell M, Higgs M, Vines J, Rapley T, Hackett K. FRI0625-HPR APPS TARGETING SYMPTOMS ASSOCIATED WITH SJÖGREN’S SYNDROME AND POTENTIAL USERS’ PERCEPTIONS OF THEIR FEATURES: CONTENT ANALYSIS AND THINK ALOUD STUDY. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Background:Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) is a rheumatic disease requiring self-management which may be delivered through smartphones. When developing digital interventions it is important to review what is already available (market segmentation)1to identify unique selling points and aid uptake and adoption. While there are no dedicated SS apps, many are publicly available for other rheumatic conditions2. Understanding user preferences for existing apps may help to design an engaging app for SS self-management.Objectives:To explore apps targeting SS symptoms of dryness, sleep disturbances, fatigue and pain. To explore views of people with SS on these app features.Methods:Apple Store apps were retrieved on 04 March 2019 using the following search terms:dry, dry eye, sleep, insomnia, fatigue, tirednessandpain. Included apps were English and in Medical or Health & Fitness genres. Exclusion criteria were; duplicates, additional external devices required and apps targeting alcohol reduction or children.Included apps were grouped by symptom. App descriptions were open-coded to generate a thematic coding framework (i.e. full list of features) for each symptom which was then applied to all app descriptions. To obtain views of people with SS, several of the reviewed apps for each symptom covering the full list of features were given to 13 focus group participants to use in ‘think aloud’ sessions (n=4). Audio data was recorded, transcribed and deductively analysed using the framework to gather opinions relating to each feature.Results:Of 914 apps retrieved, 542 were included. Features within apps targeting dryness (n=15) provided dry eye information, self-assessment and reminders to blink or look away from screens. Apps targeting sleep (n=310) included features to support sleep restriction, sleep hygiene, sleep tracking (sleep onset and wake up times, time in bed, overall sleep quality), relaxing sounds, guided meditation, sleep stories, snore recording and alarms. Fatigue apps (n=79) included features to detect current physical and mental fatigue levels, support pacing (i.e. track fatigue, label tasks as ‘high energy’, prioritise tasks), and self-massage instructions. Apps targeting pain (n=138) featured pain tracking (of severity, affected body areas), guided exercises, and mindfulness.Dryness apps prompted participants to reflect on its impact on daily activities, but further dryness features were desired relating to: using a humidifier; eye drop reminders; and dryness tips for other body areas e.g. vaginal dryness. Sleep restriction features were believed to be irrelevant but viewing and selecting sleep hygiene tips to “try” were considered useful. Beyond entering sleep onset and wake up times, participants wished to track “when and why I woke up”, to understand night awakenings in relation to other symptoms. Fatigue detection features were felt to be more useful for those recently diagnosed, as experienced participants could easy identify when they were fatigued (“I don’t need an app to tell me!”). Participants valued pacing features but found them difficult to use. Daily pain tracking was considered demotivating, but useful for remembering and explaining issues to healthcare professionals. Participants believed that a dedicated app for SS would support self-management and raise SS awareness.Conclusion:Existing apps targeting SS symptoms do not meet the needs of those with SS. App features should be tailored to SS by supporting dryness management in body areas beyond eyes, and night-awakenings. Pacing features must be easy to use. The ability to track pain should be optional and tracking prompts should be limited. Design considerations should be implemented alongside evidence-based behaviour change techniques to support self-management.References:[1] Araújo-Soares, V. et al (2019).European Psychologist,24(1), 7[2] Knitza, J., et al (2019).JMIR mHealth and uHealth,7(8), e14991Acknowledgments:Versus Arthritis (Grant 22026)Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Nehser M, Dark J, Schweitzer D, Campbell M, Zwicker J, Hitt DM, Little H, Diaz-Correa A, Holley DC, Patel SA, Thompson CM, Bridges RJ. System X c- Antiporter Inhibitors: Azo-Linked Amino-Naphthyl-Sulfonate Analogues of Sulfasalazine. Neurochem Res 2020; 45:1375-1386. [PMID: 31754956 PMCID: PMC10688270 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-019-02901-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The cystine/glutamate antiporter system Xc- (SXc-) mediates the exchange of intracellular L-glutamate (L-Glu) with extracellular L-cystine (L-Cys2). Both the import of L-Cys2 and the export of L-Glu take on added significance in CNS cells, especially astrocytes. When the relative activity of SXc- overwhelms the regulatory capacity of the EAATs, the efflux of L-Glu through the antiporter can be significant enough to trigger excitotoxic pathology, as is thought to occur in glioblastoma. This has prompted considerable interest in the pharmacological specificity of SXc- and the development of inhibitors. The present study explores a series of analogues that are structurally related to sulfasalazine, a widely employed inhibitor of SXc-. We identify a number of novel aryl-substituted amino-naphthylsulfonate analogues that inhibit SXc- more potently than sulfasalazine. Interestingly, the inhibitors switch from a competitive to noncompetitive mechanism with increased length and lipophilic substitutions, a structure-activity relationship that was previously observed with aryl-substituted isoxazole. These results suggest that the two classes of inhibitors may interact with some of the same domains on the antiporter protein and that the substrate and inhibitor binding sites may be in close proximity to one another. Molecular modeling is used to explore this possibility.
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Mccallum C, Campbell M, Vines J, Rapley T, Hackett K. SAT0614-HPR IDENTIFYING AND OPTIMISING MULTIPLE INTERVENTION COMPONENTS AND THEIR DELIVERY WITHIN A SELF-MANAGEMENT SMARTPHONE APP FOR PEOPLE WITH SJÖGREN’S SYNDROME: A QUALITATIVE STUDY. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.2283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune rheumatic disease with diverse symptoms including mental and physical fatigue, dryness, pain and sleep disturbances. These symptoms are interconnected and rarely occur in isolation. Improving symptoms and quality of life requires people with SS to navigate multiple interventions and engage in self-management. Smartphone applications (apps) can deliver multiple cognitive and behaviour-based interventions in users’ everyday daily lives and are readily accessible. However, delivering several therapeutic interventions together within a single coherent self-management app requires systematic and evidence-based selection of intervention components, and an understanding of existing self-management approaches and their associated challenges for those living with SS.Objectives:To identify theory-based intervention components for inclusion in a SS self-management app. To understand the self-management approaches and challenges of those living with SS to inform in-app component delivery.Methods:First, to identify intervention components within the app, existing interventions that target each symptom of fatigue, dryness, pain, sleep disturbance were identified through a literature search. Their content was coded by the research team using behaviour change techniques and the Theoretical Domains Framework1. The content was grouped to form five intervention components which target multiple symptoms.Second, to understand SS self-management approaches and challenges, 13 people living with SS took part in a series of qualitative focus groups (n=6) and design workshops (n=7). Focus groups involved participants discussing their own self-management experiences and approaches (e.g. when and how they employed a variety of techniques). In design workshops participants sketched metaphors to explain these experiences and used craft materials to create “Magic Machines”2addressing their self-management challenges. Focus groups and design workshops were audio-recorded, transcribed, thematically analysed as a single data set, and findings mapped to the self-determination theory3dimensions of capability, autonomy, and relatedness.Results:Intervention components identified were: i) SS psychoeducation, ii) relaxation techniques, iii) activity pacing and goal setting, iv) assertiveness and communication skills, and v) sleep and dryness tips. Participants tackled complex symptom patterns (i.e. symptom interrelatedness and flares) using different self-management approaches; reactively (focusing on the most severe symptom) or systematically (one symptom at a time). Knowing which intervention techniques to choose was felt to be challenging; however the availability of multiple interventions techniques provided a sense of optimism and motivation. Participants were enthusiastic about accessing several intervention techniques via an app, but warned that smartphones and technology can exacerbate mental fatigue and eye dryness. The invisible nature of symptoms, and highly visible nature of management techniques (e.g. applying eye drops), presented further self-management challenges relating to their interactions with other people.Conclusion:Promising components to include in an SS app were identified but should be tested in an optimisation trial. The in-app delivery of component modules should be designed to support diverse self-management approaches, choice and autonomy, yet provide module recommendations and guidance when needed, and be simple to use to reduce mental fatigue and dry eye symptoms. A self-management app should also be designed to enable users to share information about SS with other people.References:[1] Cane J, et al. (2012)Implementation science,7(1), 37.[2]Andersen K, & Wakkary R. (2019)CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems(p. 1-13).[3]Deci E, & Ryan R (2008)Canadian psychology, 49(3), 182.Acknowledgments:Versus Arthritis (Grant 22026)Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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