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Iqbal S, Fakhar-e-Alam M, Akbar F, Shafiq M, Atif M, Amin N, Ismail M, Hanif A, Farooq WA. Application of silver oxide nanoparticles for the treatment of cancer. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Mohr A, Atif M, Balderas R, Gorochov G, Miyara M. The role of FOXP3 + regulatory T cells in human autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Clin Exp Immunol 2019; 197:24-35. [PMID: 30830965 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
CD4+ regulatory T cells (Treg ) expressing the forkhead box protein 3 (FOXP3) transcription factor (Tregs ) are instrumental for the prevention of autoimmune diseases. There is increasing evidence that the human T regulatory population is highly heterogeneous in phenotype and function. Numerous studies conducted in human autoimmune diseases have shown that Treg cells are impaired either in their suppressive function, in number, or both. However, the contribution of the FOXP3+ Treg subpopulations to the development of autoimmunity has not been delineated in detail. Rare genetic disorders that involve deficits in Treg function can be studied to develop a global idea of the impact of partial or complete deficiency in a specific molecular mechanism involved in Treg function. In patients with reduced Treg numbers (but no functional deficiency), the expansion of autologous Treg cells could be a suitable therapeutic approach: either infusion of in-vitro autologous expanded cells, infusion of interleukin (IL)-2/anti-IL-2 complex, or both. Treg biology-based therapies may not be suitable in patients with deficits of Treg function, unless their deficit can be corrected in vivo/in vitro. Finally, it is critical to consider the appropriate stage of autoimmune diseases at which administration of Treg cellular therapy can be most effective. We discuss conflicting data regarding whether Treg cells are more effectual at preventing the initiation of autoimmunity, ameliorating disease progression or curing autoimmunity itself.
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Atif M, Smith JJ, Estrada-Mondragon A, Xiao X, Salim AA, Capon RJ, Lynch JW, Keramidas A. GluClR-mediated inhibitory postsynaptic currents reveal targets for ivermectin and potential mechanisms of ivermectin resistance. PLoS Pathog 2019; 15:e1007570. [PMID: 30695069 PMCID: PMC6368337 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutamate-gated chloride channel receptors (GluClRs) mediate inhibitory neurotransmission at invertebrate synapses and are primary targets of parasites that impact drastically on agriculture and human health. Ivermectin (IVM) is a broad-spectrum pesticide that binds and potentiates GluClR activity. Resistance to IVM is a major economic and health concern, but the molecular and synaptic mechanisms of resistance are ill-defined. Here we focus on GluClRs of the agricultural endoparasite, Haemonchus contortus. We demonstrate that IVM potentiates inhibitory input by inducing a tonic current that plateaus over 15 minutes and by enhancing post-synaptic current peak amplitude and decay times. We further demonstrate that IVM greatly enhances the active durations of single receptors. These effects are greatly attenuated when endogenous IVM-insensitive subunits are incorporated into GluClRs, suggesting a mechanism of IVM resistance that does not affect glutamate sensitivity. We discovered functional groups of IVM that contribute to tuning its potency at different isoforms and show that the dominant mode of access of IVM is via the cell membrane to the receptor. Glutamate-gated chloride channel receptors (GluClRs) mediate chemoelectric inhibition in invertebrate animals and are targets for broad-spectrum pesticides such as ivermectin. However, resistance to ivermectin threatens the effective control of invertebrates that cause a range of agricultural and human diseases. This study investigates different isoforms of GluClR expressed by the major agricultural endoparasite, Haemonchus contortus, on a synaptic and single receptor level. We discovered that ivermectin enhances synaptic current amplitude and decay and lengthens single receptor activity. Furthermore, ivermectin is less efficacious at GluClRs that incorporate a naturally ivermectin-resistant subunit, suggesting a potential resistance mechanism. Finally, we identify two chemical interactions between the GluClR and ivermectin that determine its potency and show that ivermectin binds to GluClRs via cell membrane interactions.
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Iqbal S, Fakhar-E-Alam M, Atif M, Ahmed N, -Ul-Ahmad A, Amin N, Alghamdi RA, Hanif A, Farooq WA. Empirical Modeling of Zn/ZnO Nanoparticles Decorated/Conjugated with Fotolon (Chlorine e6) Based Photodynamic Therapy towards Liver Cancer Treatment. MICROMACHINES 2019; 10:mi10010060. [PMID: 30658388 PMCID: PMC6357181 DOI: 10.3390/mi10010060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The current study is based on Zn/ZnO nanoparticles photodynamic therapy (PDT) mediated effects on healthy liver cells and cancerous cells. The synthesis of Zn/ZnO nanoparticles was accomplished using chemical and hydrothermal methods. The characterization of the synthesized nanoparticles was carried out using manifold techniques (e.g., transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS)). In order to study the biotoxicity of the grown nanoparticles, they were applied individually and in conjunction with the third generation photosensitiser Fotolon (Chlorine e6) in the in vivo model of the normal liver of the Wister rat, and in the in vitro cancerous liver (HepG2) model both in the dark and under a variety of laser exposures (630 nm, Ultraviolet (UV) light). The localization of ZnO nanoparticles was observed by applying fluorescence spectroscopy on a 1 cm2 selected area of normal liver, whereas the in vitro cytotoxicity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection were carried out by calculating the loss in the cell viability of the hepatocellular model by applying a neutral red assay (NRA). Furthermore, a statistical analysis is carried out and it is ensured that the p value is less than 0.05. Thus, the current study has highlighted the potential for applying Zn/ZnO nanoparticles in photodynamic therapy that would lead to wider medical applications to improve the efficiency of cancer treatment and its biological aspect study.
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Akram MW, Fakhar-E-Alam M, Atif M, Butt AR, Asghar A, Jamil Y, Alimgeer KS, Wang ZM. In vitro evaluation of the toxic effects of MgO nanostructure in Hela cell line. Sci Rep 2018; 8:4576. [PMID: 29545644 PMCID: PMC5854676 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23105-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
MgO is an attractive choice for carcinogenic cell destruction in photodynamic therapy, as confirmed by manifold analysis. The prime focus of the presented research is to investigate the toxicity caused by morphologically different MgO nanostructures obtained by annealing at various annealing temperatures. Smart (stimuli-responsive) MgO nanomaterials are a very promising class of nanomaterials, and their properties can be controlled by altering their size, morphology, or other relevant characteristics. The samples investigated here were grown by the co-precipitation technique. Toxicity-dependent parameters were assessed in a HeLa cell model after annealing the grown samples at 350 °C, 450 °C, and 550 °C. After the overall characterization, an analysis of toxicity caused by changes in the MgO nanostructure morphology was tested in a HeLa cell model using a neutral red assay and microscopy. The feasibility of using MgO for PDT was assessed. Empirical modelling was applied to corroborate the experimental results obtained from assessing cell viability losses and reactive oxygen species. The results indicate that MgO is an excellent candidate material for medical applications and could be utilized for its potential ability to upgrade conventionally used techniques.
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Javeed S, Alimgeer KS, Javed W, Atif M, Uddin M. A modified artificial neural network based prediction technique for tropospheric radio refractivity. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0192069. [PMID: 29494609 PMCID: PMC5832215 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Radio refractivity plays a significant role in the development and design of radio systems for attaining the best level of performance. Refractivity in the troposphere is one of the features affecting electromagnetic waves, and hence the communication system interrupts. In this work, a modified artificial neural network (ANN) based model is applied to predict the refractivity. The suggested ANN model comprises three modules: the data preparation module, the feature selection module, and the forecast module. The first module applies pre-processing to make the data compatible for the feature selection module. The second module discards irrelevant and redundant data from the input set. The third module uses ANN for prediction. The ANN model applies a sigmoid activation function and a multi-variate auto regressive model to update the weights during the training process. In this work, the refractivity is predicted and estimated based on ten years (2002–2011) of meteorological data, such as the temperature, pressure, and humidity, obtained from the Pakistan Meteorological Department (PMD), Islamabad. The refractivity is estimated using the method suggested by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). The refractivity is predicted for the year 2012 using the database of the previous ten years, with the help of ANN. The ANN model is implemented in MATLAB. Next, the estimated and predicted refractivity levels are validated against each other. The predicted and actual values (PMD data) of the atmospheric parameters agree with each other well, and demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed ANN method. It was further found that all parameters have a strong relationship with refractivity, in particular the temperature and humidity. The refractivity values are higher during the rainy season owing to a strong association with the relative humidity. Therefore, it is important to properly cater the signal communication system during hot and humid weather. Based on the results, the proposed ANN method can be used to develop a refractivity database, which is highly important in a radio communication system.
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Atif M, Estrada-Mondragon A, Nguyen B, Lynch JW, Keramidas A. Effects of glutamate and ivermectin on single glutamate-gated chloride channels of the parasitic nematode H. contortus. PLoS Pathog 2017; 13:e1006663. [PMID: 28968469 PMCID: PMC5638611 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ivermectin (IVM) is a widely-used anthelmintic that works by binding to and activating glutamate-gated chloride channel receptors (GluClRs) in nematodes. The resulting chloride flux inhibits the pharyngeal muscle cells and motor neurons of nematodes, causing death by paralysis or starvation. IVM resistance is an emerging problem in many pest species, necessitating the development of novel drugs. However, drug optimisation requires a quantitative understanding of GluClR activation and modulation mechanisms. Here we investigated the biophysical properties of homomeric α (avr-14b) GluClRs from the parasitic nematode, H. contortus, in the presence of glutamate and IVM. The receptor proved to be highly responsive to low nanomolar concentrations of both compounds. Analysis of single receptor activations demonstrated that the GluClR oscillates between multiple functional states upon the binding of either ligand. The G36’A mutation in the third transmembrane domain, which was previously thought to hinder access of IVM to its binding site, was found to decrease the duration of active periods and increase receptor desensitisation. On an ensemble macropatch level the mutation gave rise to enhanced current decay and desensitisation rates. Because these responses were common to both glutamate and IVM, and were observed under conditions where agonist binding sites were likely saturated, we infer that G36’A affects the intrinsic properties of the receptor with no specific effect on IVM binding mechanisms. These unexpected results provide new insights into the activation and modulatory mechanisms of the H. contortus GluClRs and provide a mechanistic framework upon which the actions of drugs can be reliably interpreted. IVM is a gold standard anti-parasitic drug that is used extensively to control invertebrate parasites pest species. The drug targets the glutamate-gated chloride channel receptor (GluClR) found on neurons and muscle cells of these organisms, causing paralysis and death. However, IVM resistance is becoming a serious problem in human and animal health, as well as human food production. We provide the first comprehensive investigation of the functional properties of the GluClR of H. contortus, which is a major parasite in grazing animals, such as sheep and goats. We compared glutamate and IVM induced activity of the wild-type and a mutant GluClR, G36’A, that markedly reduces IVM sensitivity in wild populations of pests. Our data demonstrate that the mutation reduces IVM sensitivity by altering the functional properties of the GluClR rather than specifically affecting the binding of IVM, even though the mutation occurs at the IVM binding site. This study provides a mechanistic framework upon which the actions of new candidate anthelmintic drugs can be interpreted.
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Scahill SL, Atif M, Babar ZU. Defining pharmacy and its practice: a conceptual model for an international audience. INTEGRATED PHARMACY RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2017; 6:121-129. [PMID: 29354558 PMCID: PMC5774311 DOI: 10.2147/iprp.s124866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is much fragmentation and little consensus in the use of descriptors for the different disciplines that make up the pharmacy sector. Globalization, reprofessionalization and the influx of other disciplines means there is a requirement for a greater degree of standardization. This has not been well addressed in the pharmacy practice research and education literature. Objectives To identify and define the various subdisciplines of the pharmacy sector and integrate them into an internationally relevant conceptual model based on narrative synthesis of the literature. Methods A literature review was undertaken to understand the fragmentation in dialogue surrounding definitions relating to concepts and practices in the context of the pharmacy sector. From a synthesis of this literature, the need for this model was justified. Key assumptions of the model were identified, and an organic process of development took place with the three authors engaging in a process of sense-making to theorize the model. Results The model is “fit for purpose” across multiple countries and includes two components making up the umbrella term “pharmaceutical practice”. The first component is the four conceptual dimensions, which outline the disciplines including social and administrative sciences, community pharmacy, clinical pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences. The second component of the model describes the “acts of practice”: teaching, research and professional advocacy; service and academic enterprise. Conclusions This model aims to expose issues relating to defining pharmacy and its practice and to create dialogue. No model is perfect, but there are implications for what is posited in the areas of policy, education and practice and future research. The main point is the need for increased clarity, or at least beginning the discussion to increase the clarity of definition and consistency of meaning in-and-across the pharmacy sector locally, nationally and internationally.
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Fakhar-e-Alam M, Akram MW, Iqbal S, Alimgeer KS, Atif M, Sultana K, Willander M, Wang ZM. Empirical Modeling of Physiochemical Immune Response of Multilayer Zinc Oxide Nanomaterials under UV Exposure to Melanoma and Foreskin Fibroblasts. Sci Rep 2017; 7:46603. [PMID: 28436451 PMCID: PMC5402280 DOI: 10.1038/srep46603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Carcinogenesis is a complex molecular process starting with genetic and epigenetic alterations, mutation stimulation, and DNA modification, which leads to proteomic adaptation ending with an uncontrolled proliferation mechanism. The current research focused on the empirical modelling of the physiological response of human melanoma cells (FM55P) and human foreskin fibroblasts cells (AG01518) to the multilayer zinc oxide (ZnO) nanomaterials under UV-A exposure. To validate this experimental scheme, multilayer ZnO nanomaterials were grown on a femtotip silver capillary and conjugated with protoporphyrin IX (PpIX). Furthermore, PpIX-conjugated ZnO nanomaterials grown on the probe were inserted into human melanoma (FM55P) and foreskin fibroblasts cells (AG01518) under UV-A light exposure. Interestingly, significant cell necrosis was observed because of a loss in mitochondrial membrane potential just after insertion of the femtotip tool. Intense reactive oxygen species (ROS) fluorescence was observed after exposure to the ZnO NWs conjugated with PpIX femtotip model under UV exposure. Results were verified by applying several experimental techniques, e.g., ROS detection, MTT assay, and fluorescence spectroscopy. The present work reports experimental modelling of cell necrosis in normal human skin as well as a cancerous tissue. These obtained results pave the way for a more rational strategy for biomedical and clinical applications.
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Ali A, Ahmad M, Akhtar MN, Shaukat SF, Mustafa G, Atif M, Farooq WA. Magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4 & Co3O4) and their applications in urea biosensing. RUSS J APPL CHEM+ 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070427216040017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Atif M, Boubechou N, Beddek M, Bezzaoucha A. BU-21 - Évolution sur 3 années de la prévalence des traitements antibiotiques dans un centre hospitalier universitaire d’un pays en développement. Med Mal Infect 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0399-077x(16)30345-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Hammad Aziz M, Fakhar-e-Alam M, Fatima M, Shaheen F, Iqbal S, Atif M, Talha M, Mansoor Ali S, Afzal M, Majid A, Shelih Al.Harbi T, Ismail M, Wang ZM, AlSalhi MS, Alahmed ZA. Photodynamic Effect of Ni Nanotubes on an HeLa Cell Line. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0150295. [PMID: 26990435 PMCID: PMC4798439 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Nickel nanomaterials are promising in the biomedical field, especially in cancer diagnostics and targeted therapy, due to their distinctive chemical and physical properties. In this experiment, the toxicity of nickel nanotubes (Ni NTs) were tested in an in vitro cervical cancer model (HeLa cell line) to optimize the parameters of photodynamic therapy (PDT) for their greatest effectiveness. Ni NTs were synthesized by electrodeposition. Morphological analysis and magnetic behavior were examined using a Scanning electron microscope (SEM), an energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) and a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) analysis. Phototoxic and cytotoxic effects of nanomaterials were studied using the Ni NTs alone as well as in conjugation with aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA); this was performed both in the dark and under laser exposure. Toxic effects on the HeLa cell model were evaluated by a neutral red assay (NRA) and by detection of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Furthermore, 10-200 nM of Ni NTs was prepared in solution form and applied to HeLa cells in 96-well plates. Maximum toxicity of Ni NTs complexed with 5-ALA was observed at 100 J/cm2 and 200 nM. Up to 65-68% loss in cell viability was observed. Statistical analysis was performed on the experimental results to confirm the worth and clarity of results, with p-values = 0.003 and 0.000, respectively. Current results pave the way for a more rational strategy to overcome the problem of drug bioavailability in nanoparticulate targeted cancer therapy, which plays a dynamic role in clinical practice.
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Fatehmulla A, Aslam M, Farooq WA, Ali SM, Atif M, AlDhafiri AM, Yakuphanoglu F. Influence of Laser Exposure on the Physical Properties of Nano V2O5 Films Grown By Thermal Evaporation. THEOR EXP CHEM+ 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11237-016-9438-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Atif M, Idrees M, Nadeem M, Siddique M, Ashraf MW. Investigation on the structural, dielectric and impedance analysis of manganese substituted cobalt ferrite i.e., Co1−xMnxFe2O4 (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.4). RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra20621a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The microstructure and cation distribution of Co1−xMnxFe2O4 were investigated and correlated with their electrical properties. Here, Mn substitution enhances the resistive properties which make them favorable for high-frequency applications.
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Baloch N, Atif M, Rashid RH, Hashmi PM. Toe-tourniquet syndrome: A rare potentially devastating entity. Malays Orthop J 2015; 9:55-57. [PMID: 28611912 PMCID: PMC5393137 DOI: 10.5704/moj.1511.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Toe-tourniquet syndrome is a rare and commonly misdiagnosed condition caused by a hair or a fiber wrapped around digits (fingers and toes). A four months baby girl who was crying and presented with redness and swelling at her 2nd and 3rd toes of right foot. Child had red and swollen 2nd and 3rd toes of right foot with hair end protruding through wounds. Constricting hairs were cut and removed. Toetourniquet syndrome is a rare entity which is caused by hair wrapped around a toe or a digit. Diagnosis is mostly clinical. In order to prevent this condition to happen, education of parents and clinicians is a cornerstone.
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Atif M, Farooq WA, Fatehmulla A, Aslam M, Ali SM. Photovoltaic and Impedance Spectroscopy Study of Screen-Printed TiO₂ Based CdS Quantum Dot Sensitized Solar Cells. MATERIALS 2015; 8:355-367. [PMID: 28787942 PMCID: PMC5455228 DOI: 10.3390/ma8010355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium sulphide (CdS) quantum dot sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs) based on screen-printed TiO₂ were assembled using a screen-printing technique. The CdS quantum dots (QDs) were grown by using the Successive Ionic Layer Adsorption and Reaction (SILAR) method. The optical properties were studied by UV-Vis absorbance spectroscopy. Photovoltaic characteristics and impedance spectroscopic measurements of CdS QDSSCs were carried out under air mass 1.5 illuminations. The experimental results of capacitance against voltage indicate a trend from positive to negative capacitance because of the injection of electrons from the Fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) electrode into TiO₂.
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Asif M, Jabeen Q, Atif M, Majid AMSA, Qamar-Uz-Zaman M. Diuretic Activity of Achyranthes aspera Linn Crude Aqueous Extract in Albino Rats. TROP J PHARM RES 2015. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v13i12.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Atif M, Sulaiman SAS, Shafie AA, Asif M. Resource Utilization Pattern And Cost Of Tuberculosis Treatment In Penang, Malaysia. VALUE IN HEALTH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR PHARMACOECONOMICS AND OUTCOMES RESEARCH 2014; 17:A725-A726. [PMID: 27202579 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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Atif M, Sulaiman SAS, Shafie AA, Asif M. Duration of Treatment in Pulmonary Tuberculosis: are International Guidelines on the Management of Tuberculosis Missing Something? VALUE IN HEALTH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR PHARMACOECONOMICS AND OUTCOMES RESEARCH 2014; 17:A780. [PMID: 27202891 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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Atif M, Toghrayee Z, Sulaiman SAS, Shafie AA, Low HC, Babar ZUD. Missing data Analysis in Longitudinal Studies: Findings from a Quality of Life Study in Malaysian Tuberculosis Patients. VALUE IN HEALTH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR PHARMACOECONOMICS AND OUTCOMES RESEARCH 2014; 17:A778. [PMID: 27202884 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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Maalik A, Khan FA, Mumtaz A, Mehmood A, Azhar S, Atif M, Karim S, Altaf Y, Tariq I. Pharmacological Applications of Quercetin and its Derivatives: A Short Review. TROP J PHARM RES 2014. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v13i9.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Atif M, Sulaiman SAS, Shafie AA, Asif M, Jamshed SQ. Engaging Community Pharmacists and Alternative Practitioners: An Approach to Active Case Finding of Tuberculosis in Malaysia. TROP J PHARM RES 2014. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v12i6.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Asif M, Atif M, Malik ASA, Dan ZC, Ahmad I, Ahmad A. Diuretic Activity of Trianthema portulacastrum Crude Extract in Albino Rats. TROP J PHARM RES 2014. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v12i6.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Atif M, Khalid SH, Onn Kit GL, Sulaiman SAS, Asif M, Chandersekaran A. Development and validation of RP-HPLC-UV method for the determination of Glipizide in human plasma. J Young Pharm 2013; 5:26-9. [PMID: 24023449 DOI: 10.1016/j.jyp.2013.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2012] [Accepted: 08/16/2012] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A simple, sensitive and selective HPLC method with UV detection for determination of Glipizide in human plasma was developed. Liquid-liquid extraction method was used to extract the drug from the plasma samples. Chromatographic separation of Glipizide was achieved using C18 column (ZORBAX ODS 4.6 × 150 mm). The mobile phase was comprised of 0.01 M potassium dihydrogen phosphate and acetonitrile (65:35, v/v) adjusted to pH 4.25 with glacial acetic acid. The analysis was run at a flow rate of 1.5 mL/min with an injection volume was 20 μL. The detector was operated at 275 nm. The calibration curve was linear over a concentration range of 50-1600 ng/mL. Intra-day and inter-day precision and accuracy values were below 15%. The limit of quantification was 50 ng/mL and the mean recovery was above 98%. Freeze-thaw, short-term, long-term and post-preparative stability studies showed that Glipizide in plasma sample was stable. The method may be successfully applied to analyze the Glipizide concentration in plasma samples for bioavailability and bioequivalence studies.
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