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Amedro P, Vincenti M, De La Villeon G, Lavastre K, Barrea C, Guillaumont S, Bredy C, Meli A, Cazorla O, Fauconnier J, Meyer P, Rivier F, Adda J, Mura T, Lacampagne A. Speckle tracking echocardiography in children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy: A multicenter controlled cross-sectional study. ARCHIVES OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES SUPPLEMENTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.acvdsp.2018.10.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Rouhana S, Farah C, Roy J, Finan A, Rodrigues de Araujo G, Bideaux P, Scheuermann V, Saliba Y, Reboul C, Cazorla O, Aimond F, Richard S, Thireau J, Fares N. Early calcium handling imbalance in pressure overload-induced heart failure with nearly normal left ventricular ejection fraction. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:230-242. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Chakouri N, Reboul C, Boulghobra D, Kleindienst A, Nottin S, Gayrard S, Roubille F, Matecki S, Lacampagne A, Cazorla O. Stress-induced protein S-glutathionylation and phosphorylation crosstalk in cardiac sarcomeric proteins - Impact on heart function. Int J Cardiol 2018; 258:207-216. [PMID: 29544934 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The interplay between oxidative stress and other signaling pathways in the contractile machinery regulation during cardiac stress and its consequences on cardiac function remains poorly understood. We evaluated the effect of the crosstalk between β-adrenergic and redox signaling on post-translational modifications of sarcomeric regulatory proteins, Myosin Binding Protein-C (MyBP-C) and Troponin I (TnI). METHODS AND RESULTS We mimicked in vitro high level of physiological cardiac stress by forcing rat hearts to produce high levels of oxidized glutathione. This led to MyBP-C S-glutathionylation associated with lower protein kinase A (PKA) dependent phosphorylations of MyBP-C and TnI, increased myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity, and decreased systolic and diastolic properties of the isolated perfused heart. Moderate physiological cardiac stress achieved in vivo with a single 35 min exercise (Low stress induced by exercise, LSE) increased TnI and cMyBP-C phosphorylations and improved cardiac function in vivo (echocardiography) and ex-vivo (isolated perfused heart). High stress induced by exercise (HSE) altered strongly oxidative stress markers and phosphorylations were unchanged despite increased PKA activity. HSE led to in vivo intrinsic cardiac dysfunction associated with myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity defects. To limit protein S-glutathionylation after HSE, we treated rats with N-acetylcysteine (NAC). NAC restored the ability of PKA to modulate myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity and prevented cardiac dysfunction observed in HSE animals. CONCLUSION Under cardiac stress, adrenergic and oxidative signaling pathways work in concert to alter myofilament properties and are key regulators of cardiac function.
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Amedro P, Vincenti M, De La Villeon G, Lavastre K, Barrea C, Guillaumont S, Bredy C, Gamon L, Meli AC, Cazorla O, Fauconnier J, Meyer P, Rivier F, Adda J, Mura T, Lacampagne A. Speckle tracking echocardiography in children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy: A multicenter controlled cross-sectional study. ARCHIVES OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES SUPPLEMENTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.acvdsp.2018.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Melhem N, Cazorla O, Rouanet M, Howangyin K, Launay J, Fauconnier J, Tedgui A, Mallat Z, Silvestre J, Taleb S. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase aggravates cardiac function and left ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction. Atherosclerosis 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.06.904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Battault S, Meziat C, Nascimento A, Braud L, Gayrard S, Legros C, De Nardi F, Drai J, Cazorla O, Thireau J, Meyer G, Reboul C. Vascular endothelial function masks increased sympathetic vasopressor activity in rats with metabolic syndrome. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2018; 314:H497-H507. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00217.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Amedro P, Bredy C, Guillaumont S, Lavastre K, De La Villeon G, Mura T, Gamon L, Cazorla O, Lacampagne A, Vincenti M. Speckle tracking analysis with the two main ultrasound software in pediatrics: Comparison between QLAB by Philips Healthcare and EchoPac by General Electric Healthcare. ARCHIVES OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES SUPPLEMENTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.acvdsp.2017.11.340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Ait Mou Y, Lacampagne A, Irving T, Scheuermann V, Blot S, Ghaleh B, de Tombe PP, Cazorla O. Altered myofilament structure and function in dogs with Duchenne muscular dystrophy cardiomyopathy. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2017; 114:345-353. [PMID: 29275006 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2017.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is associated with progressive depressed left ventricular (LV) function. However, DMD effects on myofilament structure and function are poorly understood. Golden Retriever Muscular Dystrophy (GRMD) is a dog model of DMD recapitulating the human form of DMD. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to evaluate myofilament structure and function alterations in GRMD model with spontaneous cardiac failure. METHODS AND RESULTS We have employed synchrotron X-rays diffraction to evaluate myofilament lattice spacing at various sarcomere lengths (SL) on permeabilized LV myocardium. We found a negative correlation between SL and lattice spacing in both sub-epicardium (EPI) and sub-endocardium (ENDO) LV layers in control dog hearts. In the ENDO of GRMD hearts this correlation is steeper due to higher lattice spacing at short SL (1.9μm). Furthermore, cross-bridge cycling indexed by the kinetics of tension redevelopment (ktr) was faster in ENDO GRMD myofilaments at short SL. We measured post-translational modifications of key regulatory contractile proteins. S-glutathionylation of cardiac Myosin Binding Protein-C (cMyBP-C) was unchanged and PKA dependent phosphorylation of the cMyBP-C was significantly reduced in GRMD ENDO tissue and more modestly in EPI tissue. CONCLUSIONS We found a gradient of contractility in control dogs' myocardium that spreads across the LV wall, negatively correlated with myofilament lattice spacing. Chronic stress induced by dystrophin deficiency leads to heart failure that is tightly associated with regional structural changes indexed by increased myofilament lattice spacing, reduced phosphorylation of regulatory proteins and altered myofilament contractile properties in GRMD dogs.
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De La Villeon G, Bredy C, Guillaumont S, Gamon L, Lavastre K, Cazorla O, Lacampagne A, Mura T, Vincenti M, Amedro P. Speckle tracking analysis with the two main ultrasound software in pediatrics: comparison between QLAB by Philips Healthcare and EchoPac by General Electric Healthcare. ARCHIVES OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES SUPPLEMENTS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s1878-6480(17)30897-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Cazorla O, Matecki S. Insight into muscle physiology through understanding mechanisms of muscle pathology. J Muscle Res Cell Motil 2017; 38:1-2. [PMID: 28852922 DOI: 10.1007/s10974-017-9479-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Amancio GDCS, Grabe-Guimarães A, Haikel D, Moreau J, Barcellos NMS, Lacampagne A, Matecki S, Cazorla O. Effect of pyridostigmine on in vivo and in vitro respiratory muscle of mdx mice. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2017. [PMID: 28624507 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The current work was conducted to verify the contribution of neuromuscular transmission defects at the neuromuscular junction to Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy disease progression and respiratory dysfunction. We tested pyridostigmine and pyridostigmine encapsulated in liposomes (liposomal PYR), an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor to improve muscular contraction on respiratory muscle function in mdx mice at different ages. We evaluated in vivo with the whole-body plethysmography, the ventilatory response to hypercapnia, and measured in vitro diaphragm strength in each group. Compared to C57BL10 mice, only 17 and 22 month-old mdx presented blunted ventilatory response, under normocapnia and hypercapnia. Free pyridostigmine (1mg/kg) was toxic to mdx mice, unlike liposomal PYR, which did not show any side effect, confirming that the encapsulation in liposomes is effective in reducing the toxic effects of this drug. Treatment with liposomal PYR, either acute or chronic, did not show any beneficial effect on respiratory function of this DMD experimental model. The encapsulation in liposomes is effective to abolish toxic effects of drugs.
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Farah C, Nascimento A, Bolea G, Meyer G, Gayrard S, Lacampagne A, Cazorla O, Reboul C. Key role of endothelium in the eNOS-dependent cardioprotection with exercise training. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2017; 102:26-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2016.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Kleindienst A, Battault S, Belaidi E, Tanguy S, Rosselin M, Boulghobra D, Meyer G, Gayrard S, Walther G, Geny B, Durand G, Cazorla O, Reboul C. Exercise does not activate the β3 adrenergic receptor–eNOS pathway, but reduces inducible NOS expression to protect the heart of obese diabetic mice. Basic Res Cardiol 2016; 111:40. [DOI: 10.1007/s00395-016-0559-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Kleindienst A, Rosselin M, Gayrard S, Durand G, Cazorla O, Reboul C. 0153 : LPBNAH as a new antioxidant therapeutic strategy against higher heart vulnerability to ischemia reperfusion injury in a model of obese and diabetic mice. ARCHIVES OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES SUPPLEMENTS 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s1878-6480(16)30539-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Battault S, Méziat C, Nascimento A, Braud L, Peyrol J, Gayrard S, Drai J, Legros C, De Nardi F, Cazorla O, Thireau J, Meyer G, Reboul C. 0093 : Endothelium masks increased sympathetic vasopressor activity in rats with metabolic syndrome. ARCHIVES OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES SUPPLEMENTS 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s1878-6480(16)30484-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Meschin P, Demion M, Cazorla O, Finan A, Thireau J, Richard S, Lacampagne A. p11 modulates calcium handling through 5-HT4R pathway in rat ventricular cardiomyocytes. Cell Calcium 2015; 58:549-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2015.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2015] [Revised: 07/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Ait Mou Y, Bollensdorff C, Cazorla O, Magdi Y, de Tombe PP. Exploring cardiac biophysical properties. Glob Cardiol Sci Pract 2015; 2015:10. [PMID: 26779498 PMCID: PMC4448074 DOI: 10.5339/gcsp.2015.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The heart is subject to multiple sources of stress. To maintain its normal function, and successfully overcome these stresses, heart muscle is equipped with fine-tuned regulatory mechanisms. Some of these mechanisms are inherent within the myocardium itself and are known as intrinsic mechanisms. Over a century ago, Otto Frank and Ernest Starling described an intrinsic mechanism by which the heart, even ex vivo, regulates its function on a beat-to-beat basis. According to this phenomenon, the higher the ventricular filling is, the bigger the stroke volume. Thus, the Frank-Starling law establishes a direct relationship between the diastolic and systolic function of the heart. To observe this biophysical phenomenon and to investigate it, technologic development has been a pre-requisite to scientific knowledge. It allowed for example to observe, at the cellular level, a Frank-Starling like mechanism and has been termed: Length Dependent Activation (LDA). In this review, we summarize some experimental systems that have been developed and are currently still in use to investigate cardiac biophysical properties from the whole heart down to the single myofibril. As a scientific support, investigation of the Frank-Starling mechanism will be used as a case study.
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Kleindienst A, Battault S, Rosselin M, Meyer G, Gayrard S, Riva C, Geny B, Durand G, Cazorla O, Reboul C. 0138 : Exercise training protects the heart against ischemia reperfusion in a mice model of diet-induced metabolic syndrome: no implication of the classic β3 adrenergic receptors – eNOS pathway. ARCHIVES OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES SUPPLEMENTS 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s1878-6480(15)30061-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Py G, Ramonatxo C, Sirvent P, Sanchez AMJ, Philippe AG, Douillard A, Galbès O, Lionne C, Bonnieu A, Chopard A, Cazorla O, Lacampagne A, Candau RB. Chronic clenbuterol treatment compromises force production without directly altering skeletal muscle contractile machinery. J Physiol 2015; 593:2071-84. [PMID: 25656230 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2014.287060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Clenbuterol is a β2 -adrenergic receptor agonist known to induce skeletal muscle hypertrophy and a slow-to-fast phenotypic shift. The aim of the present study was to test the effects of chronic clenbuterol treatment on contractile efficiency and explore the underlying mechanisms, i.e. the muscle contractile machinery and calcium-handling ability. Forty-three 6-week-old male Wistar rats were randomly allocated to one of six groups that were treated with either subcutaneous equimolar doses of clenbuterol (4 mg kg(-1) day(-1) ) or saline solution for 9, 14 or 21 days. In addition to the muscle hypertrophy, although an 89% increase in absolute maximal tetanic force (Po ) was noted, specific maximal tetanic force (sPo) was unchanged or even depressed in the slow twitch muscle of the clenbuterol-treated rats (P < 0.05). The fit of muscle contraction and relaxation force kinetics indicated that clenbuterol treatment significantly reduced the rate constant of force development and the slow and fast rate constants of relaxation in extensor digitorum longus muscle (P < 0.05), and only the fast rate constant of relaxation in soleus muscle (P < 0.05). Myofibrillar ATPase activity increased in both relaxed and activated conditions in soleus (P < 0.001), suggesting that the depressed specific tension was not due to the myosin head alteration itself. Moreover, action potential-elicited Ca(2+) transients in flexor digitorum brevis fibres (fast twitch fibres) from clenbuterol-treated animals demonstrated decreased amplitude after 14 days (-19%, P < 0.01) and 21 days (-25%, P < 0.01). In conclusion, we showed that chronic clenbuterol treatment reduces contractile efficiency, with altered contraction and relaxation kinetics, but without directly altering the contractile machinery. Lower Ca(2+) release during contraction could partially explain these deleterious effects.
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Meyer G, André L, Kleindienst A, Singh F, Tanguy S, Richard S, Obert P, Boucher F, Jover B, Cazorla O, Reboul C. Carbon monoxide increases inducible NOS expression that mediates CO-induced myocardial damage during ischemia-reperfusion. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2015; 308:H759-67. [PMID: 25595132 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00702.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the role of inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase (iNOS) on ischemic myocardial damage in rats exposed to daily low nontoxic levels of carbon monoxide (CO). CO is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant that impacts on mortality and morbidity from cardiovascular diseases. We have previously shown that CO exposure aggravates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury partly because of increased oxidative stress. Nevertheless, cellular mechanisms underlying cardiac CO toxicity remain hypothetical. Wistar rats were exposed to simulated urban CO pollution for 4 wk. First, the effects of CO exposure on NO production and NO synthase (NOS) expression were evaluated. Myocardial I/R was performed on isolated perfused hearts in the presence or absence of S-methyl-isothiourea (1 μM), a NOS inhibitor highly specific for iNOS. Finally, Ca(2+) handling was evaluated in isolated myocytes before and after an anoxia-reoxygenation performed with or without S-methyl-isothiourea or N-acetylcystein (20 μM), a nonspecific antioxidant. Our main results revealed that 1) CO exposure altered the pattern of NOS expression, which is characterized by increased neuronal NOS and iNOS expression; 2) cardiac NO production increased in CO rats because of its overexpression of iNOS; and 3) the use of a specific inhibitor of iNOS reduced myocardial hypersensitivity to I/R (infarct size, 29 vs. 51% of risk zone) in CO rat hearts. These last results are explained by the deleterious effects of NO and reactive oxygen species overproduction by iNOS on diastolic Ca(2+) overload and myofilaments Ca(2+) sensitivity. In conclusion, this study highlights the involvement of iNOS overexpression in the pathogenesis of simulated urban CO air pollution exposure.
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Bisserier M, Berthouze-Duquesnes M, Breckler M, Tortosa F, Fazal L, de Régibus A, Laurent AC, Varin A, Lucas A, Branchereau M, Marck P, Schickel JN, Deloménie C, Cazorla O, Soulas-Sprauel P, Crozatier B, Morel E, Heymes C, Lezoualc'h F. Carabin protects against cardiac hypertrophy by blocking calcineurin, Ras, and Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II signaling. Circulation 2014; 131:390-400; discussion 400. [PMID: 25369805 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.114.010686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac hypertrophy is an early hallmark during the clinical course of heart failure and is regulated by various signaling pathways. However, the molecular mechanisms that negatively regulate these signal transduction pathways remain poorly understood. METHODS AND RESULTS Here, we characterized Carabin, a protein expressed in cardiomyocytes that was downregulated in cardiac hypertrophy and human heart failure. Four weeks after transverse aortic constriction, Carabin-deficient (Carabin(-/-)) mice developed exaggerated cardiac hypertrophy and displayed a strong decrease in fractional shortening (14.6±1.6% versus 27.6±1.4% in wild type plus transverse aortic constriction mice; P<0.0001). Conversely, compensation of Carabin loss through a cardiotropic adeno-associated viral vector encoding Carabin prevented transverse aortic constriction-induced cardiac hypertrophy with preserved fractional shortening (39.9±1.2% versus 25.9±2.6% in control plus transverse aortic constriction mice; P<0.0001). Carabin also conferred protection against adrenergic receptor-induced hypertrophy in isolated cardiomyocytes. Mechanistically, Carabin carries out a tripartite suppressive function. Indeed, Carabin, through its calcineurin-interacting site and Ras/Rab GTPase-activating protein domain, functions as an endogenous inhibitor of calcineurin and Ras/extracellular signal-regulated kinase prohypertrophic signaling. Moreover, Carabin reduced Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II activation and prevented nuclear export of histone deacetylase 4 after adrenergic stimulation or myocardial pressure overload. Finally, we showed that Carabin Ras-GTPase-activating protein domain and calcineurin-interacting domain were both involved in the antihypertrophic action of Carabin. CONCLUSIONS Our study identifies Carabin as a negative regulator of key prohypertrophic signaling molecules, calcineurin, Ras, and Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II and implicates Carabin in the development of cardiac hypertrophy and failure.
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Saliba Y, Keck M, Marchand A, Atassi F, Ouillé A, Cazorla O, Trebak M, Pavoine C, Lacampagne A, Hulot JS, Farès N, Fauconnier J, Lompré AM. Emergence of Orai3 activity during cardiac hypertrophy. Cardiovasc Res 2014; 105:248-59. [PMID: 25213556 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvu207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) has been shown to control a calcium (Ca(2+)) influx pathway that emerges during the hypertrophic remodelling of cardiomyocytes. Our aim was to determine the interaction of Orai1 and Orai3 with STIM1 and their role in the constitutive store-independent and the store-operated, STIM1-dependent, Ca(2+) influx in cardiomyocytes. METHODS AND RESULTS We characterized the expression profile of Orai proteins and their interaction with STIM1 in both normal and hypertrophied adult rat ventricular cardiomyocytes. Orai1 and 3 protein levels were unaltered during the hypertrophic process and both proteins co-immunoprecipitated with STIM1. The level of STIM1 and Orai1 were significantly greater in the macromolecular complex precipitated by the Orai3 antibody in hypertrophied cardiomyocytes. We then used a non-viral method to deliver Cy3-tagged siRNAs in vivo to adult ventricular cardiomyocytes and silence Orai channel candidates. Cardiomyocytes were subsequently isolated then the voltage-independent, i.e. store-independent and store-operated Ca(2+) entries were measured on Fura-2 AM loaded Cy3-labelled and control isolated cardiomyocytes. The whole cell patch-clamp technique was used to measure Orai-mediated currents. Specific Orai1 and Orai3 knockdown established Orai3, but not Orai1, as the critical partner of STIM1 carrying these voltage-independent Ca(2+) entries in the adult hypertrophied cardiomyocytes. Orai3 also drove an arachidonic acid-activated inward current. CONCLUSION Cardiac Orai3 is the essential partner of STIM1 and drives voltage-independent Ca(2+) entries in adult cardiomyocytes. Arachidonic acid-activated currents, which are supported by Orai3, are present in adult cardiomyocytes and increased during hypertrophy.
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Benoist D, Stones R, Benson AP, Fowler ED, Drinkhill MJ, Hardy MEL, Saint DA, Cazorla O, Bernus O, White E. Systems approach to the study of stretch and arrhythmias in right ventricular failure induced in rats by monocrotaline. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2014; 115:162-72. [PMID: 25016242 PMCID: PMC4210667 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2014.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the synergistic benefits of using multiple technologies to investigate complex multi-scale biological responses. The combination of reductionist and integrative methodologies can reveal novel insights into mechanisms of action by tracking changes of in vivo phenomena to alterations in protein activity (or vice versa). We have applied this approach to electrical and mechanical remodelling in right ventricular failure caused by monocrotaline-induced pulmonary artery hypertension in rats. We show arrhythmogenic T-wave alternans in the ECG of conscious heart failure animals. Optical mapping of isolated hearts revealed discordant action potential duration (APD) alternans. Potential causes of the arrhythmic substrate; structural remodelling and/or steep APD restitution and dispersion were observed, with specific remodelling of the Right Ventricular Outflow Tract. At the myocyte level, [Ca(2+)]i transient alternans were observed together with decreased activity, gene and protein expression of the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase (SERCA). Computer simulations of the electrical and structural remodelling suggest both contribute to a less stable substrate. Echocardiography was used to estimate increased wall stress in failure, in vivo. Stretch of intact and skinned single myocytes revealed no effect on the Frank-Starling mechanism in failing myocytes. In isolated hearts acute stretch-induced arrhythmias occurred in all preparations. Significant shortening of the early APD was seen in control but not failing hearts. These observations may be linked to changes in the gene expression of candidate mechanosensitive ion channels (MSCs) TREK-1 and TRPC1/6. Computer simulations incorporating MSCs and changes in ion channels with failure, based on altered gene expression, largely reproduced experimental observations.
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Kleindienst A, Farah C, Bolea G, Meyer G, Gayrard S, Cazorla O, Reboul C. 0034: Coronary endothelium plays a key role in exercise induced cardioprotection: a potential paracrine role of NO. ARCHIVES OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES SUPPLEMENTS 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s1878-6480(14)71342-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Farah C, Kleindienst A, Bolea G, Meyer G, Gayrard S, Geny B, Obert P, Cazorla O, Tanguy S, Reboul C. Exercise-induced cardioprotection: a role for eNOS uncoupling and NO metabolites. Basic Res Cardiol 2013; 108:389. [PMID: 24105420 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-013-0389-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2013] [Revised: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Exercise is an efficient strategy for myocardial protection against ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. Although endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) is phosphorylated and activated during exercise, its role in exercise-induced cardioprotection remains unknown. This study investigated whether modulation of eNOS activation during IR could participate in the exercise-induced cardioprotection against IR injury. Hearts isolated from sedentary or exercised rats (5 weeks training) were perfused with a Langendorff apparatus and IR performed in the presence or absence of NOS inhibitors [N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, L-NAME or N5-(1-iminoethyl)-L-ornithine, L-NIO] or tetrahydrobiopterin (BH₄). Exercise training protected hearts against IR injury and this effect was abolished by L-NAME or by L-NIO treatment, indicating that exercise-induced cardioprotection is eNOS dependent. However, a strong reduction of eNOS phosphorylation at Ser1177 (eNOS-PSer1177) and of eNOS coupling during early reperfusion was observed in hearts from exercised rats (which showed higher eNOS-PSer1177 and eNOS dimerization at baseline) in comparison to sedentary rats. Despite eNOS uncoupling, exercised hearts had more S-nitrosylated proteins after early reperfusion and also less nitro-oxidative stress, indexed by lower malondialdehyde content and protein nitrotyrosination compared to sedentary hearts. Moreover, in exercised hearts, stabilization of eNOS dimers by BH4 treatment increased nitro-oxidative stress and then abolished the exercise-induced cardioprotection, indicating that eNOS uncoupling during IR is required for exercise-induced myocardial cardioprotection. Based on these results, we hypothesize that in the hearts of exercised animals, eNOS uncoupling associated with the improved myocardial antioxidant capacity prevents excessive NO synthesis and limits the reaction between NO and O₂·- to form peroxynitrite (ONOO⁻), which is cytotoxic.
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