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Mitrogiannis L, Barbouti A, Theodorou E, Kitsouli A, Mitrogiannis G, Kanavaros P, Mitrogiannis I, Kitsoulis P. Surgical Treatment of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis A Review. BULLETIN OF THE HOSPITAL FOR JOINT DISEASE (2013) 2019; 77:99-114. [PMID: 31128579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis is a heterogeneous group of conditions encompassing all forms of unknown origin arthritis before the age of 16 years that persist for more than 6 weeks. It is the most common rheumatic disease in young patients and causes severe disabilities, thus an early initiation of the appropriate treatment modalities is necessary. First therapeutic options are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, corticosteroids, and conventional non-biologic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs, such as methotrexate. Insufficiency of these drugs led to the introduction of new biological medications that selectively target specific cytokines with an objective to suppress the disease. Despite the success in treatment and physical therapy, some of the patients develop advanced arthritis that can result in severe pain and disability. In such cases, surgical intervention is required to improve quality of life. The surgical methods include soft tissue release, osteotomies, synovectomies, and arthrodesis. Total joint replacement is the last option for endstage degenerative conditions (patients with deformity, poor motion, and severe pain). Deep infections, bone perforation, acetabular protrusion, postoperative dislocations, and the need for re-operation are some of the complications of total joint arthroplasty. This review summarizes published studies of the treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis focusing mainly on surgical treatment. Our purpose is to evaluate the general trends in treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis, focusing on methods, therapeutic advances, and outcomes of the intervention applied.
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Kalogeropoulos D, Vartholomatos G, Mitra A, Elaraoud I, Ch'ng SW, Zikou A, Papoudou-Bai A, Moschos MM, Kanavaros P, Kalogeropoulos C. Primary vitreoretinal lymphoma. Saudi J Ophthalmol 2019; 33:66-80. [PMID: 30930667 PMCID: PMC6424706 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjopt.2018.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary vitreoretinal lymphoma (PVRL) is a rare ocular lymphoid malignancy, which consists a subset of primary central system lymphoma (PCNSL) and the most common type of intraocular lymphoma. The involvement of eyes is estimated to be approximately 20% of PCNSL, but the brain involvement may be up to 80% of PVRL. Typically, PVRL is a high grade B-cell malignancy of the retina and needs to be assorted from choroidal low-grade B-cell lymphomas. Very often PVRL masquerades and can be erroneously diagnosed as chronic uveitis, white dot syndromes or other neoplasms. Establishing an accurate diagnosis may involve cytology/pathology, immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, molecular pathology and cytokine profile analysis. There is inadequate information about PVRL’s true incidence, ethnic/geographical variation and pathogenetic mechanisms. The therapeutic approach of PVRL involves aggressive chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Although PVRL tends to have a good response to the initial treatment, the prognosis is poor and the survival restricted due to the high relapse rates and CNS involvement.
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Barbouti A, Evangelou K, Pateras IS, Papoudou-Bai A, Patereli A, Stefanaki K, Rontogianni D, Muñoz-Espín D, Kanavaros P, Gorgoulis VG. In situ evidence of cellular senescence in Thymic Epithelial Cells (TECs) during human thymic involution. Mech Ageing Dev 2019; 177:88-90. [PMID: 29490231 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Cellular senescence, an age-related process in response to damage and stress, also occurs during normal development and adult life. The thymus is a central lymphoepithelial organ of the immune system that exhibits age-related changes termed thymic involution. Since the mechanisms regulating thymic involution are still not well elucidated, we questioned whether cellular senescence is implicated in this process. We demonstrate, for the first time in situ, that cellular senescence occurs during human thymic involution using SenTraGor™, a novel chemical compound that is applicable in archival tissue material, providing thus further insights in thymus histophysiology.
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Papoudou-Bai A, Marinos L, Papathanasiou K, Kanavaros P, Kapsali E. Simultaneous Presence of Follicular Lymphoma, Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma, and Hodgkin-like Lymphoma. Turk J Haematol 2018; 35:308-309. [PMID: 30398157 PMCID: PMC6256824 DOI: 10.4274/tjh.2018.0183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Savvidou K, Dimitrakopoulou A, Kafasi N, Konstantopoulos K, Vassilakopoulos T, Angelopoulou M, Siakantaris M, Korkolopoulou P, Kanavaros P, Mikou P. Diagnostic role of cytology in serous effusions of patients with hematologic malignancies. Diagn Cytopathol 2018; 47:404-411. [PMID: 30417978 DOI: 10.1002/dc.24110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated serous effusions occurring during the course of an already known hematologic neoplasia or as a first manifestation of it. We correlated cytology results with flow cytometry results, when available. In the absence of flow cytometry, our correlation was based on clinical follow up information obtained retrospectively. We evaluated our results in relation to the data of the literature and we considered some new suggestions for the improvement of cytology service. METHODS Serous effusions in hematologic patients were retrieved from the files of the Department of Cytology, Laiko Hospital, for a period of 2 years. All patients had enrolled either a previous hematologic history, or a suspicious clinical and imaging status. Seventy-three serous effusions were included. Cytology reports consisting of morphology and immunocytochemistry assessment were correlated to flow cytometry results and, occasionally, to clinical follow-up. RESULTS In the group of patients with previous history, sensitivity was 82.76%, positive predictive value was 100%, specificity 100%, and negative predictive value was 58.33%. In the group of patients without previous history, sensitivity and positive predictive value were both 91%, whereas specificity and negative predictive value could not be estimated. CONCLUSION We provide evidence that the diagnostic accuracy of cytology with the adjunct of immunocytochemistry is high compared to flow cytometry for detecting hematologic malignancies. In order to improve clinical performance, it is suggested that a cytology triage of serous effusions in all patients with hematologic malignancy must be implemented.
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Goussia AC, Papoudou-Bai A, Charchanti A, Kitsoulis P, Kanavaros P, Kalef-Ezra J, Stefanou D, Agnantis NJ. Alterations of p53 and Rb Pathways Are Associated with High Proliferation in Bladder Urothelial Carcinomas. Anticancer Res 2018; 38:3985-3988. [PMID: 29970521 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.12685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Since most cancers are associated with alterations of the p53 and Rb pathways, the expression of p53, p21, Rb, p16, p27, cyclin D1, cyclin A, cyclin B1 and Ki67 proteins were analyzed in bladder urothelial carcinomas (BUC). MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred twenty-two cases of BUC were studied by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The pathways p53/p21 and Rb/p16/cyclin D1 exhibited alterations in 81/115 and 63/84 cases, respectively. Alterations of the p53/p21 and Rb/p16/cyclin D1 pathways were positively correlated with high cyclin A expression. High expression of p53, Ki67, cyclin A and cyclin B1 was inversely correlated with the papillary morphology of the tumor and positively with tumor grade and T-stage. CONCLUSION The results showed that a) alterations of the p53 and Rb pathways are associated with high proliferation of tumor cells in BUC and b) high expression of cell-cycle proteins is associated with adverse histopathological parameters of these tumors.
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Mitrogiannis L, Barbouti A, Kanavaros P, Paraskevas G, Kitsouli A, Seretis A, Kitsoulis P. The contribution of the medial retinaculum as a restraining factor to the patella dislocation. Acta Orthop Belg 2018; 84:179-183. [PMID: 30462601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the contribution of the medial retinaculum to the stability of the patella, for several angles of knee flexion. For six cadaveric knees, the patella and patella retinaculum were exposed, and the force required to dislocate the patella laterally by 5 mm was measured, in 0, 45 and 90 degrees of knee flexion, preserving and dissecting the medial retinaculum. Wilcoxon singed rank test (SPSS, version 23, Chicago, USA) was used for data analysis. A p value of < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. The force required to displace the patella laterally is smaller with the medial retinaculum dissected than intact, in 0, 45 and 90 degrees (p = 0.028, p = 0.046, p = 0.027 respectively). The lateral displacement force is greater as the flexion angle increases, with medial retinaculum intact or dissected (p = 0.028). Thus, an intact medial retinaculum provides more stability against lateral displacement forces to the patella, especially in lower flexion angles. Consequently, surgical methods reinforcing the medial retinaculum combined or not with lateral retinaculum release, are of great importance in the plan of the orthopedic surgeons. The engagement of the bones during flexion of the knee contributes significantly to the stability of the patella.
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Mitrogiannis L, Barbouti A, Kanavaros P, Paraskevas G, Kitsouli A, Mitrogiannis G, Kitsoulis P. Cadaveric-biomechanical study on medial retinaculum: its stabilising role for the patella against lateral dislocation. Folia Morphol (Warsz) 2018; 77:742-747. [PMID: 29611163 DOI: 10.5603/fm.a2018.0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to analyse the biomechanical role of medial retinaculum, as a stabilising factor against lateral patellar dislocation. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cadaveric-biomechanical study included the patellae of 10 cadaveric knees, which were surgically exposed and the medial retinaculum of each one was located. A stable 24.51 N force was applied to the four parts of the quadriceps, and an increasing lateral displacing force was applied to the patella, up to 5 mm dislocation. The study was repeated for 0o, 45o, and 90o of knee flexion, with the medial retinaculum intact and dissected. The Wilcoxon signed rank test was used for data analysis. A p value < 0.05 was considered as statistical significant. RESULTS After the dissection of medial retinaculum, the lateral displacement force was lower at every angle of knee flexion (p = 0.005, p = 0.007, p = 0.005, respectively). The lateral displacement force increased as the flexion angle increased (p = 0.005), regardless of medial retinaculum integrity. CONCLUSIONS Medial retinaculum acts as a stabilising factor for the patella, against its lateral dislocation in lower flexion angles. Therefore, methods of surgical reinforcement or repair of medial retinaculum could provide protection against recurrent patellar dislocation.
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Dimitriadis A, Paraskevas G, Kanavaros P, Barbouti A, Vrettakos A, Kitsoulis P. Association between the capitate-triquetrum distance and carpal collapse in static scapholunate instability. Acta Orthop Belg 2018; 84:68-72. [PMID: 30457502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Long-standing scapholunate instability frequently leads to progressive deterioration of the adjacent joint cartilages in a consistent repetitive sequence of arthritis. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the capitate-triquetrum distance is related with the occurrence of carpal collapse in cases of static scapholunate instability. In this retrospective study, 41 patients formed two groups based on the capitate-triquetrum distance; twenty-four with distance of less than 5mm and 17 with distance of 5mm or more. No significant difference was detected with respect to age, sex distribution, dominant hand involvement, initial treatment and time from injury to final x-rays. Three patients (3/24, 12.5%) of the C-T < 5mm group and 10 patients (10/17, 58.8%) of the C-T ≥ 5mm group had no sign of carpal collapse. This difference was statistically significant (p=0.017). Capitate-triquetrum distance could reliably contribute in the decision making process in difficult cases of static scapholunate instability.
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Papoudou-Bai A, Hatzimichael E, Barbouti A, Kanavaros P. Expression patterns of the activator protein-1 (AP-1) family members in lymphoid neoplasms. Clin Exp Med 2016; 17:291-304. [PMID: 27600282 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-016-0436-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The activator protein-1 (AP-1) is a dimeric transcription factor composed of proteins belonging to the Jun (c-Jun, JunB and JunD), Fos (c-Fos, FosB, Fra1 and Fra2) and activating transcription factor protein families. AP-1 is involved in various cellular events including differentiation, proliferation, survival and apoptosis. Deregulated expression of AP-1 transcription factors is implicated in the pathogenesis of various lymphomas such as classical Hodgkin lymphomas, anaplastic large cell lymphomas, diffuse large B cell lymphomas and adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma. The main purpose of this review is the analysis of the expression patterns of AP-1 transcription factors in order to gain insight into the histophysiology of lymphoid tissues and the pathology of lymphoid malignancies.
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Papoudou-Bai A, Vassou A, Vartholomatos G, Briasoulis E, Kanavaros P. Composite hairy cell leukemia and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. JOURNAL OF B.U.ON. : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE BALKAN UNION OF ONCOLOGY 2016; 21:1027-1029. [PMID: 27685932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
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Galani V, Alexiou GA, Miliaras G, Dimitriadis E, Triantafyllou E, Galani A, Goussia A, Kanavaros P, Trangas T. Expression of Stem Cell Marker Nestin and MicroRNA-21 in Meningiomas. Turk Neurosurg 2016; 25:574-7. [PMID: 26242334 DOI: 10.5137/1019-5149.jtn.10800-14.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
AIM Meningiomas are one of the most common benign intracranial tumors, making up nearly one third of all primary intracranial tumors. The majority of meningiomas have benign histological features and total resection is associated with favourable prognosis. Atypical and malignant meningiomas are associated with increased risk of recurrence. In the present study we set out to investigate the role of nestin mRNA levels and miR-21 in meningiomas. MATERIAL AND METHODS We studied 17 patients with meningiomas that were treated surgically in our institute. Clinical variables that were analyzed were age, sex and histology. The expression of stem cell marker nestin mRNA levels and miR-21 was investigated in tissue samples by qRT-PCR. RESULTS Considerable levels of both miR-21 and nestin mRNA were found. Atypical and anaplastic meningiomas had higher expression of both miR-21 and nestin compared to benign tumors. Furthermore, a trend towards a positive correlation between miR-21 and nestin mRNA levels was also found. CONCLUSION Increased miR-21 and nestin mRNA levels were found in anaplastic meningiomas, in which recurrence is common, and the role of miR-21 and Nestin in meningiomas therefore warrants further investigation.
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Iliou K, Paraskevas G, Kanavaros P, Barbouti A, Vrettakos A, Gekas C, Kitsoulis P. Correlation between Manchester Grading Scale and American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society Score in Patients with Hallux Valgus. Med Princ Pract 2016; 25:21-4. [PMID: 26335050 PMCID: PMC5588316 DOI: 10.1159/000440809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the correlation between the Manchester Grading Scale and the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score in patients with a hallux valgus deformity. SUBJECTS AND METHODS The study sample included 181 feet of 122 patients with hallux valgus and 424 feet of 212 individuals without hallux valgus deformity as the control group. The severity of hallux valgus, utilizing a relative nonmetric scale, the Manchester Grading Scale, and the metric AOFAS score, was determined for all individuals in the hallux valgus and control groups. SPSS version 18 (Chicago, Ill., USA) was used for data analysis. RESULTS According to the Manchester Grading Scale, the 424 feet of the normal group were classified as 'no deformity'. In the hallux valgus group, 85 feet were classified as 'mild deformity', 67 as 'moderate deformity' and 29 as 'severe deformity'. The AOFAS total score in the control group was 99.14. In the hallux valgus group, patients with mild or moderate deformity had total scores of 86.20 and 68.19, respectively. For those with severe hallux valgus, the total score was 44.69 and the differences were statistically significant (p = 0.000). Using the Pearson correlation, strong negative correlations were found between the AOFAS score and the hallux valgus angle (HVA; r = -0.899, p = 0.000). Strong negative correlations were demonstrated between the AOFAS score and the first intermetatarsal angle (IMA) as well (r = -0.748, p = 0.000). CONCLUSIONS The AOFAS score was negatively associated with the Manchester Grading Scale, HVA and first IMA. As the severity of hallux valgus increased, the AOFAS score seemed to decrease.
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Papoudou-Bai A, Hatzimichael E, Kyriazopoulou L, Briasoulis E, Kanavaros P. Rare variants in the spectrum of human herpesvirus 8/Epstein-Barr virus–copositive lymphoproliferations. Hum Pathol 2015; 46:1566-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2015.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Revised: 05/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Lampri ES, Chondrogiannis G, Ioachim E, Varouktsi A, Mitselou A, Galani A, Briassoulis E, Kanavaros P, Galani V. Biomarkers of head and neck cancer, tools or a gordian knot? Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 8:10340-57. [PMID: 26379825 PMCID: PMC4565208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Head and neck tumors comprise a wide spectrum of heterogeneous neoplasms for which biomarkers are needed to aid in earlier diagnosis, risk assessment and therapy response. Personalized medicine based on predictive markers linked to drug response, it is hoped, will lead to improvements in outcomes and avoidance of unnecessary treatment in carcinoma of the head and neck. Because of the heterogeneity of head and neck tumors, the integration of multiple selected markers in association with the histopathologic features is advocated for risk assessment. Validation of each biomarker in the context of clinical trials will be required before a specific marker can be incorporated into daily practice. Furthermore, we will give evidence that some proteins implicated in cell-cell interaction, such as CD44 may be involved in the multiple mechanism of the development and progression of laryngeal lesions and may help to predict the risk of transformation of the benign or precancerous lesions to cancer.
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Papoudou-Bai A, Goussia A, Batistatou A, Stefanou D, Malamou-Mitsi V, Kanavaros P. The expression levels of JunB, JunD and p-c-Jun are positively correlated with tumor cell proliferation in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. Leuk Lymphoma 2015; 57:143-50. [PMID: 25813203 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2015.1034704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We analyzed the expression of Jun family in relation to CD30 expression, cell proliferation and B-cell differentiation immunophenotypes [Germinal Center and non-Germinal Center] in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL). Expression and high expression of phosphorylated-c-Jun (p-c-Jun), JunB, JunD and CD30 (cut-off scores 20% and 50%, respectively) was found in 18/103, 49/103, 72/101 and 26/102 cases, respectively, and in 6/103, 27/103, 60/101 and 21/102 cases, respectively. The following significant positive correlations were observed: (a) JunB with cyclin A (p = 0.046), cyclin B1 (p = 0.033), cyclin E (p = 0.003), MUM-1 (p = 0.002) and CD30 (p < 0.001), (b) JunD with Ki67 (p = 0.002) and cyclin E (p = 0.014), (c) p-c-Jun with CD30 (p = 0.015), and (d) high p-c-Jun with cyclin A (p = 0.034). The positive correlation between expression of JunB, JunD and p-c-Jun and tumor cell proliferation in DLBCL, suggests that increased JunB, JunD and p-c-Jun expression may be involved in the pathogenesis of DLBCL by increasing tumor cell proliferation.
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Iliou K, Paraskevas G, Kanavaros P, Gekas C, Barbouti A, Kitsoulis P. Relationship between pedographic analysis and the Manchester scale in hallux valgus. ACTA ORTHOPAEDICA ET TRAUMATOLOGICA TURCICA 2015; 49:75-9. [PMID: 25803257 DOI: 10.3944/aott.2015.14.0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between the Manchester scale and foot pressure distribution in patients with hallux valgus deformity. METHODS The study included 152 feet of 87 patients with hallux valgus and a control group of 391 feet of 241 individuals without hallux valgus deformity. The severity of hallux valgus was determined using the Manchester scale grading system. Plantar loading patterns in 10 foot areas were determined for all participants. RESULTS According to the Manchester scale, 72% of the participants had no, 12.9% mild, 10.7% moderate and 4.4% severe deformity. The Manchester scale grade was highly correlated with both hallux valgus angle and first intermetatarsal angle (p=0.00). Significant differences between the four grades were present for mean pressure under the hallux and the first and second metatarsal heads only (p=0.00). The load distribution under these areas was higher as the hallux valgus progressed from mild to more severe. In all groups, the highest pressure was observed under the second metatarsal head. CONCLUSION The Manchester scale was strongly associated with both the hallux valgus angle and the first intermetatarsal angle. The progression from mild to moderate and severe deformation is associated with peak pressure raise at the hallux, first and second metatarsal heads. The Manchester scale appears to be a useful tool to provide information for the degree of deformity and the pressure under painful foot areas.
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Dimitriadis A, Paraskevas G, Kanavaros P, Barbouti A, Vrettakos A, Kitsoulis P. Association between the capitate-triquetrum distance and carpal collapse in scaphoid nonunion. Acta Orthop Belg 2015; 81:36-40. [PMID: 26280852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The effect of the lunate type on carpal collapse in cases of scaphoid nonunion has not been thoroughly investigated. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether any association exists or not between the capitate-triquetrum distance and occurrence of carpal collapse in cases of scaphoid nonunion. In a retrospective study, 76 patients with scaphoid nonunion formed two groups based on the capitate-triquetrum distance: forty-three patients with distance of less than 5 mm and 33 patients with distance of 5 mm or more. The two groups were comparable with respect to sex distribution, age, dominant hand involvement, manual labor, nonunion location and time from injury to final x-rays. Six patients (13.9%) in the capitate-triquetrum<5 mm group and 13 patients (39.4%) in the capitate-triquetrum≥5 mm group had no signs of collapse, with significant difference (p<0.05). Capitate-triquetrum distance could contribute in the decision making process for cases of scaphoid nonunion without straightforward indication for surgical intervention.
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Pessach I, Papoudou-Bai A, Goussia A, Kamina S, Kyrtsonis MC, Bourantas KL, Kanavaros P. Immunohistochemical expression of cell cycle proteins in multiple myeloma. Leuk Lymphoma 2015; 56:2720-3. [PMID: 25573203 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2015.1004171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Chondrogiannis G, Kastamoulas M, Kanavaros P, Vartholomatos G, Bai M, Baltogiannis D, Sofikitis N, Arvanitis D, Galani V. Cytokine effects on cell viability and death of prostate carcinoma cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:536049. [PMID: 24982891 PMCID: PMC4058150 DOI: 10.1155/2014/536049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2014] [Revised: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We analyzed the effects of IL-13, IFN- γ , and IL-1 β on cell viability and death of LNCaP and PC-3 cells and major signaling pathways involved in these effects. Significant increase of LNCaP cell death (apoptotic and necrotic) and increased levels of active caspase 3 were observed in cells treated with inhibitors of ERK 1/2 (UO126) and p38 (SB203580) prior to IL-1 β treatment in comparison to cells treated with UO126, SB203580, or IL-1 β alone. Significant increase of LNCaP but not PC-3 cell death was detected after treatment with LY-294002 (inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase). No significant increase of LNCaP and PC-3 cell death was observed after treatment with SP600125 (inhibitor of JNK), SB203580 (inhibitor of p38), UO126 (inhibitor of ERK 1/2), or BAY 11-7082 (inhibitor of NF- κ B). Reduced c-FLIPL expression was observed in LNCaP cells treated with LY-294002. The significant potentiation of LNCaP cell death by inhibition of ERK 1/2, p38, and PI3-K pathways may provide a rationale for therapeutic approach in androgen-dependent prostate cancer.
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Kastamoulas M, Chondrogiannis G, Kanavaros P, Vartholomatos G, Bai M, Briasoulis E, Arvanitis D, Galani V. Cytokine effects on cell survival and death of A549 lung carcinoma cells. Cytokine 2013; 61:816-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2013.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2012] [Revised: 11/04/2012] [Accepted: 01/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Papoudou-Bai A, Bai M, Doukas M, Stefanaki K, Spyridonos P, Karatzias G, Barbouti A, Galani V, Kanavaros P. Immunohistological characterization of thymic dendritic cells. In Vivo 2012; 26:985-992. [PMID: 23160682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dendritic cells play key roles in thymic histophysiology and histopathology. Therefore, we analyzed the immunotopographical distribution of cells expressing markers of dendritic cells and macrophages in postnatal human thymus. MATERIALS AND METHODS The streptavidin-biotin peroxidise-labeled (LSAB) and the double-LSAB/alkaline phosphatase/anti-alkaline phosphatase (APAAP) immunohistochemical procedures were used. RESULTS S100 protein-, Cluster of designation 1a (CD1a)-, CD207-, CD11c- and CD123-positive cells, many of them exhibiting the morphology of dendritic cells, were detected in the cortex but mainly in the medulla. These markers, except CD123, were also detected in cells of juvenile and immature Hassall bodies. CD68- and CD163-positive cells were detected in the cortex and the medulla but not in Hassall bodies. CONCLUSION The immunohistological detection of S100-, CD1a-, CD207- and CD11c-positive dendritic cells in juvenile and immature Hassall bodies may reflect an important role of these structures in the cooperation of epithelial and dendritic cells in the process of T-cell differentiation.
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Bai M, Doukas M, Papoudou-Bai A, Barbouti A, Stefanaki K, Galani V, Kanavaros P. Immunohistological analysis of cell cycle and apoptosis regulators in thymus. Ann Anat 2012; 195:159-65. [PMID: 23058459 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2012.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2012] [Revised: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The combined expression patterns of cell cycle and apoptosis regulators have not been analyzed in details in human thymus to the best of our knowledge. Our objective was to provide multiparametric and combined immunohistological information regarding the expression levels and the topographical distribution of major cell cycle and apoptosis regulators in postnatal human thymus. Ki67 and cyclins A, B1, D3 and E were frequently expressed by thymocytes with higher expression in cortical than medullary thymocytes. The expression of cyclin D2 was low in thymocytes. Thymic epithelial cells (TEC) exhibited low expression of Ki67 and cyclins. Bid was frequently expressed by thymocytes, Bcl-xL by cortical thymocytes and Bcl-2 by medullary thymocytes. The expression levels of Bim and survivin in thymocytes were low. The expression levels of Bax and Mcl-1 were higher in medullary than cortical thymocytes and TEC. Bak and Bad were mainly expressed in medullary TEC and Hassall Bodies (HB). c-FLIP and Fas were frequently expressed in TEC and FasL was mainly expressed by medullary TEC and HB. Cleaved caspase-3 was expressed by scattered thymocytes at the cortex and the corticomedullary junction and very rarely at the medulla. The different expression profiles and immunotopographical distribution of cell cycle and apoptosis regulators in thymocytes and TEC indicate that their expression is tightly regulated during thymic cell differentiation and that they are differentially involved in the cell survival/death regulation of thymocytes and TEC. Furthermore, this study indicates decrease of the proliferation and caspase-dependent apoptosis of thymocytes from the cortex to the medulla.
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Sfikas A, Batsi C, Tselikou E, Vartholomatos G, Monokrousos N, Pappas P, Christoforidis S, Tzavaras T, Kanavaros P, Gorgoulis VG, Marcu KB, Kolettas E. The canonical NF-κB pathway differentially protects normal and human tumor cells from ROS-induced DNA damage. Cell Signal 2012; 24:2007-23. [PMID: 22750558 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2012.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2012] [Revised: 06/06/2012] [Accepted: 06/16/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
DNA damage responses (DDR) invoke senescence or apoptosis depending on stimulus intensity and the degree of activation of the p53-p21(Cip1/Waf1) axis; but the functional impact of NF-κB signaling on these different outcomes in normal vs. human cancer cells remains poorly understood. We investigated the NF-κB-dependent effects and mechanism underlying reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated DDR outcomes of normal human lung fibroblasts (HDFs) and A549 human lung cancer epithelial cells. To activate DDR, ROS accumulation was induced by different doses of H(2)O(2). The effect of ROS induction caused a G2 or G2-M phase cell cycle arrest of both human cell types. However, ROS-mediated DDR eventually culminated in different end points with HDFs undergoing premature senescence and A549 cancer cells succumbing to apoptosis. NF-κB p65/RelA nuclear translocation and Ser536 phosphorylation were induced in response to H(2)O(2)-mediated ROS accumulation. Importantly, blocking the activities of canonical NF-κB subunits with an IκBα super-repressor or suppressing canonical NF-κB signaling by IKKβ knock-down accelerated HDF premature senescence by up-regulating the p53-p21(Cip1/Waf1) axis; but inhibiting the canonical NF-κB pathway exacerbated H(2)O(2)-induced A549 cell apoptosis. HDF premature aging occurred in conjunction with γ-H2AX chromatin deposition, senescence-associated heterochromatic foci and beta-galactosidase staining. p53 knock-down abrogated H(2)O(2)-induced premature senescence of vector control- and IκBαSR-expressing HDFs functionally linking canonical NF-κB-dependent control of p53 levels to ROS-induced HDF senescence. We conclude that IKKβ-driven canonical NF-κB signaling has different functional roles for the outcome of ROS responses in the contexts of normal vs. human tumor cells by respectively protecting them against DDR-dependent premature senescence and apoptosis.
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Kitsoulis P, Marini A, Iliou K, Galani V, Zimpis A, Kanavaros P, Paraskevas G. Signs and symptoms of temporomandibular joint disorders related to the degree of mouth opening and hearing loss. BMC EAR, NOSE, AND THROAT DISORDERS 2011; 11:5. [PMID: 21612586 PMCID: PMC3117795 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6815-11-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2010] [Accepted: 05/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background The temporomandibular joint is a unique bi-condylar joint involved in mastication and speech. Temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) have a range of symptoms, including aural symptoms, and are present in approximately 75% of normal populations. The present study examined the relationship between signs and symptoms of TMD and mouth opening, gender, joint and aural symptoms, and hearing loss. Methods The study involved 464 healthy Greek university students (156 men and 308 women) with a mean age of 19.6 years. Age, gender and maximum mouth opening was recorded. Mouth opening was measured using Vernier calipers. An anamnestic questionnaire was used to stratify the subjects into four groups based on TMD severity. Aural symptoms and an audiogram were recorded for each subject too. Data were analyzed using multifactor ANOVA, chi-square, t-test, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results The overall incidence of TMD signs and symptoms was 73.3%. The incidence and severity was greater in females than males (p-value 0.0001 < 0.05). The number of aural symptoms was associated to the TMD severity (p-value 0.0001 < 0.05) as well as maximum mouth opening (p-value 0.004 < 0.05). Audiometry showed that moderate and severe TMD was associated with hearing loss of median and low tones respectively (p-value 0.0001 < 0.05). TMJ pain (p-value 0.0001 < 0.05), TMJ ankylosis (p-value 0.0001 < 0.05), bruxism (p-value 0.0001 < 0.05) and ear itching (p-value 0.0001 < 0.05) were also found to be statistically different between TMD and non-TMD subjects. Conclusions TMD signs and symptoms were more common and severe in females than males. TMD severity is correlated with the degree of mouth opening and the number of aural symptoms. The absence or presence of mild TMD are associated with normal audiograms while moderate and severe TMD are related to hearing loss in median and low tones respectively. Bruxism, joint ankylosis, joint pain and ear itching were more common in TMD than non-TMD patients.
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