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Cappelletti ER, Greco A, Maloberti A, Giannattasio C, Steca P, D'Addario M. What hypertensive patients want to know [and from whom] about their disease: a two-year longitudinal study. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:308. [PMID: 32164658 PMCID: PMC7068893 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-8421-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study explored both the evolution of the information needs and the perceived relevance of different health information sources in patients with essential hypertension. It also investigated the relationships between information needs and the perceived relevance of information sources with socio-demographic and clinical variables. Methods Two hundred and two patients with essential arterial hypertension were enrolled in the study and evaluated at baseline and during three follow-ups at 6, 12 and 24 months after baseline. Patients had a mean age of 54.3 years [range 21–78; SD = 10.4], and 43% were women. Repeated measures ANOVA, Bonferroni post hoc tests, and Cochran’s Q Test were performed to test differences in variables of interest over time. Results It was observed a significant reduction in all the domains of information needs related to disease management except for pharmacological treatment and risks and complications. At baseline, patients reported receiving health information primarily from specialists, general practitioners, relatives, and television, but the use of these sources decreased over time, even if the decrease was significant only for relatives. Multiple patterns of relationships were found between information needs and the perceived relevance of sources of information and socio-demographics and clinical variables, both at baseline and over time. Conclusions The findings showed a general decrease in both the desire for information and the perceived relevance of different information sources. Hypertensive patients appeared to show little interest in health communication topics as their disease progressed. Understanding patients’ information needs and the perceived relevance of different information sources is the first step in implementing tailored communication strategies that can promote patients’ self-management skills and optimal clinical outcomes.
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Carioti D, Danelli L, Guasti MT, Gallucci M, Perugini M, Steca P, Stucchi NA, Maffezzoli A, Majno M, Berlingeri M, Paulesu E. Music Education at School: Too Little and Too Late? Evidence From a Longitudinal Study on Music Training in Preadolescents. Front Psychol 2019; 10:2704. [PMID: 31920782 PMCID: PMC6930811 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
It is widely believed that intensive music training can boost cognitive and visuo-motor skills. However, this evidence is primarily based on retrospective studies; this makes it difficult to determine whether a cognitive advantage is caused by the intensive music training, or it is instead a factor influencing the choice of starting a music curriculum. To address these issues in a highly ecological setting, we tested longitudinally 128 students of a Middle School in Milan, at the beginning of the first class and, 1 year later, at the beginning of the second class. 72 students belonged to a Music curriculum (30 with previous music experience and 42 without) and 56 belonged to a Standard curriculum (44 with prior music experience and 12 without). Using a Principal Component Analysis, all the cognitive measures were grouped in four high-order factors, reflecting (a) General Cognitive Abilities, (b) Speed of Linguistic Elaboration, (c) Accuracy in Reading and Memory tests, and (d) Visuospatial and numerical skills. The longitudinal comparison of the four groups of students revealed that students from the Music curriculum had better performance in tests tackling General Cognitive Abilities, Visuospatial skills, and Accuracy in Reading and Memory tests. However, there were no significant curriculum-by-time interactions. Finally, the decision to have a musical experience before entering middle school was more likely to occur when the cultural background of the families was a high one. We conclude that a combination of family-related variables, early music experience, and pre-existent cognitive make-up is a likely explanation for the decision to enter a music curriculum at middle school.
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Chang EC, Chang OD, Martos T, Sallay V, Zettler I, Steca P, D’Addario M, Boniwell I, Pop A, Tarragona M, Slemp GR, Shin JE, de la Fuente A, Cardeñoso O. The positive role of hope on the relationship between loneliness and unhappy conditions in Hungarian young adults: How pathways thinking matters! THE JOURNAL OF POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/17439760.2018.1545042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Durante A, Greco A, Annoni AM, Steca P, Alvaro R, Vellone E. Determinants of caregiver burden in heart failure: does caregiver contribution to heart failure patient self-care increase caregiver burden? Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs 2019; 18:691-699. [PMID: 31319698 DOI: 10.1177/1474515119863173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The burden is high in caregivers of heart failure patients, but the literature on patient and caregiver predictors of caregiver burden is inconsistent. Also, it is unknown if caregiver contribution to heart failure self-care maintenance (i.e. helping patients to maintain heart failure stable) and self-care management (i.e. helping patients to act in case of heart failure worsening) increases caregiver burden. AIMS To identify caregiver and patient predictors of caregiver burden in heart failure; and to evaluate if caregiver contribution to heart failure self-care maintenance and management increases caregiver burden. METHODS A cross-sectional study with the enrolment of 505 caregivers of heart failure patients. We used the caregiver burden inventory and the caregiver contribution to self-care of heart failure index. We analysed the data using hierarchical regression. RESULTS Heart failure caregivers, mostly women (52.5%), with a mean age 56.5 (±14.9) years, cared for heart failure patients, mostly men (55.2%), with a mean age of 75.9 (±10.4) years. Caregiver predictors of higher caregiver burden were older age, female gender, fewer caregiving hours and poor social support. Patient predictors of higher caregiver burden were older age, better education, taking fewer medications and higher quality of life. Caregiver contribution to self-care maintenance and management were not significant predictors of caregiver burden. CONCLUSIONS Our results could help providers to identify heart failure caregivers who are more exposed to burden. As caregiver contribution to heart failure self-care improves patient outcomes and seems not burdensome for caregivers, providers may consider educating caregivers about self-care as a viable option for improving patient outcomes without increasing caregiver burden.
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Baretta D, Perski O, Steca P. Exploring Users' Experiences of the Uptake and Adoption of Physical Activity Apps: Longitudinal Qualitative Study. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2019; 7:e11636. [PMID: 30735143 PMCID: PMC6384536 DOI: 10.2196/11636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although smartphone apps might support physical activity (PA), engagement with them tends to be low. Objective This study aimed to examine potential users’ needs and preferences regarding their engagement with PA apps during a first exposure to a never-used PA app and after 2 weeks’ usage. Methods A longitudinal, one-arm qualitative study was conducted with potential PA app users. At baseline, participants (N=20) were asked to explore 1 of 3 randomly allocated PA apps while thinking aloud. Semistructured interview techniques allowed participants to elaborate on their statements. After 2 weeks, follow-up interviews explored participants’ (n=17) lived experiences of real-world app use. Verbal reports from both time points were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis. Results Features that promote a fair and simple user experience, support users’ self-regulation skills, and address users’ exercise motives were considered important for engagement both during a first exposure and after a 2-week use of PA apps. Features that support users’ need for relatedness as well as those that facilitate users to implement their intentions were expected to be important for engagement mainly during a first exposure to PA apps. Proactive and tailored features that integrate behavioral, psychological, and contextual information to provide adaptive exercise plans and just-in-time support were considered relevant to sustain engagement over time. Conclusions App features that address users’ exercise motives, promote self-regulation, and fulfill users’ need for relatedness might promote engagement with PA apps. Tailored and proactive features were expected to promote sustained engagement.
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Baretta D, Bondaronek P, Direito A, Steca P. Implementation of the goal-setting components in popular physical activity apps: Review and content analysis. Digit Health 2019; 5:2055207619862706. [PMID: 31360535 PMCID: PMC6637833 DOI: 10.1177/2055207619862706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Goal setting is an effective strategy to promote physical activity. Commercial apps that tackle physical activity often include goal setting; however, it is unknown whether the implementation of the goal-setting components is congruent with the theory. This study evaluated the quality of goal setting in popular free and paid physical activity apps by assessing the presence of effective goal-setting components. METHODS A six-item scale was developed based on the goal-setting literature and used for coding each app for the presence/absence of goal-setting components (i.e. specificity, difficulty, action planning, timeframe, goal evaluation and goal re-evaluation). Cohen's Kappa was used to evaluate inter-rater reliability for each scale item. The number of goal-setting components included in the 40 apps was calculated and the difference between free and paid apps was assessed. RESULTS All scale items achieved satisfactory inter-rater reliability except 'goal evaluation'. The most frequently included goal-setting components in popular physical activity apps were 'goal specificity' (95% of the apps) and 'goal timeframe' (67.5%). Conversely, only 47.5% and 25% of the apps implemented 'action planning' and 'goal difficulty', respectively, and none included 'goal re-evaluation'. No differences emerged between free and paid apps. CONCLUSIONS The quality of the goal-setting strategy in popular physical activity apps could be improved by introducing components scarcely implemented to date. In particular, tailoring the goal difficulty to the users' ability level and re-evaluating the goals based on achievements should be implemented to increase the quality of goal setting.
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Greco A, Cappelletti ER, Luyckx K, D'Addario M, Giannattasio C, Steca P. A longitudinal inquiry into directionality of effects between coping and information needs in hypertensive patients. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2018; 11:567-580. [PMID: 30519131 PMCID: PMC6233703 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s168912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE It is well recognized that effective health communication is associated with better adherence to medical prescriptions, behavioral changes, and enhanced perception of control over the disease. However, there is limited knowledge about the variables on which to tailor health messages. This study examined whether coping strategies were related to information needs over time in a sample of patients with hypertension. PATIENTS AND METHODS A three-wave longitudinal design was used to examine the potential reciprocal relationships among variables. The sample included 271 patients (43.5% women) affected by essential arterial hypertension with a mean age of 54.66 years (SD =10.74 years; range 30-78 years). Data on patients' demographic characteristics, coping strategies, and information needs were collected three times over 12 months. To test the directionality of the relationships linking coping to information needs, cross-lagged path analyses were applied in a structural equation modeling approach. RESULTS Active coping was related to a greater need for information regarding behavioral habits; avoidance coping was negatively associated with the need for information regarding daily life activities, while passive coping showed a positive relationship with this need. Moreover, results sustained the hypothesis that the relationship between coping and information needs was bi-directional. In fact, greater need for information about the disease and its pharmacological treatment was related to greater adoption of active coping strategies. The need for information about risk and complications was associated with the coping strategy related to alcohol use. CONCLUSION These results provide important suggestions for implementing more effective intervention programs aimed at fostering patients' self-care abilities. As it was possible to modify coping strategies, health care providers may consider measuring patients' strategies before the medical examination so they have time to refine the information they give to patients.
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Monzani D, D'Addario M, Fattirolli F, Giannattasio C, Greco A, Quarenghi F, Steca P. Clustering of Lifestyle Risk Factors in Acute Coronary Syndrome: Prevalence and Change after the First Event. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2018; 10:434-456. [PMID: 30230683 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthy lifestyles are modifiable risk factors for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) onset and recurrence. While unhealthy lifestyles tend to cluster together within the general healthy population, little is known about the prevalence and clustering of these behaviours in people with ACS before and after the first acute event. The aim of this study was to identify lifestyle profiles of patients with ACS and to explore their change after their first coronary event. METHODS Three hundred and fifty-six patients completed self-report measures of healthy habits at the beginning of cardiac rehabilitation and 6 months later. By adopting a person-oriented approach, we analysed lifestyle clustering and its change over time. Differences in depression, anxiety, and negative illness perception among lifestyle profiles were assessed. RESULTS We identified seven profiles, ranging from more maladaptive to healthier clusters. Findings showed a strong interrelation among unhealthy habits in patients. We highlighted a moderate individual and group stability of cluster membership over time. Moreover, unhealthier lifestyle profiles were associated with higher levels of depression, anxiety, and negative illness perception. CONCLUSION These results may have implications for the development and implementation of multimodal interventions addressing wider-ranging improvement in lifestyles by targeting multiple unhealthy behaviours in patients with ACS.
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Iacovelli N, Facchinetti N, Carrara M, Musio D, De Felice F, Bacigalupo A, Callegari S, Bossi P, Fallai C, Naimo S, Steca P, Greco A, Orlandi E. PO-0707: Impact of HPV status, presence of a caregiver and smoke habit on QoL in HNC patients. Radiother Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(18)31017-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Pala AN, Dell'Amore F, Steca P, Clinton L, Sandfort T, Rael C. Validation of the Minority Stress Scale Among Italian Gay and Bisexual Men. PSYCHOLOGY OF SEXUAL ORIENTATION AND GENDER DIVERSITY 2018; 4:451-459. [PMID: 29479555 DOI: 10.1037/sgd0000243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The experience of sexual orientation stigma (e.g., homophobic discrimination and physical aggression) generates minority stress, a chronic form of psychosocial stress. Minority stress has been shown to have a negative effect on gay and bisexual men's (GBM's) mental and physical health, increasing the rates of depression, suicidal ideation, and HIV risk behaviors. In conservative religious settings, such as Italy, sexual orientation stigma can be more frequently and/or more intensively experienced. However, minority stress among Italian GBM remains understudied. The aim of this study was to explore the dimensionality, internal reliability, and convergent validity of the Minority Stress Scale (MSS), a comprehensive instrument designed to assess the manifestations of sexual orientation stigma. The MSS consists of 50 items assessing (a) Structural Stigma, (b) Enacted Stigma, (c) Expectations of Discrimination, (d) Sexual Orientation Concealment, (e) Internalized Homophobia Toward Others, (f) Internalized Homophobia toward Oneself, and (g) Stigma Awareness. We recruited an online sample of 451 Italian GBM to take the MSS. We tested convergent validity using the Perceived Stress Questionnaire. Through exploratory factor analysis, we extracted the 7 theoretical factors and an additional 3-item factor assessing Expectations of Discrimination From Family Members. The MSS factors showed good internal reliability (ordinal α > .81) and good convergent validity. Our scale can be suitable for applications in research settings, psychosocial interventions, and, potentially, in clinical practice. Future studies will be conducted to further investigate the properties of the MSS, exploring the association with additional health-related measures (e.g., depressive symptoms and anxiety).
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Steca P, Baretta D, Greco A, D'Addario M, Monzani D. Associations between personality, sports participation and athletic success. A comparison of Big Five in sporting and non-sporting adults. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2017.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Quirin M, Wróbel M, Norcini Pala A, Stieger S, Brosschot J, Kazén M, Hicks JA, Mitina O, Shanchuan D, Lasauskaite R, Silvestrini N, Steca P, Padun MA, Kuhl J. A Cross-Cultural Validation of the Implicit Positive and Negative Affect Test (IPANAT). EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT 2018. [DOI: 10.1027/1015-5759/a000315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract. Self-report measures of affect come with a number of difficulties that can be circumvented by using indirect measurement procedures. The Implicit Positive and Negative Affect Test (IPANAT) is a recently developed measure of automatic activation of representations of affective states and traits that draws on participants’ ratings of the extent to which nonsense words purportedly originating from an artificial language bear positive or negative meaning. Here we compared psychometric properties of this procedure across 10 countries and provide versions in corresponding languages (Chinese, Dutch, English, French, German, Italian, Polish, Russian, and Spanish). The results suggest good reliability, metric invariance, and construct validity across countries and languages. The IPANAT thus turns out as a useful tool for the indirect assessment of affect in different languages and cultures.
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Baretta D, Greco A, Steca P. Understanding performance in risky sport: The role of self-efficacy beliefs and sensation seeking in competitive freediving. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2017.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Steca P, Monzani D, Greco A, Franzelli C, Magrin ME, Miglioretti M, Sarini M, Scrignaro M, Vecchio L, Fattirolli F, D’Addario M. Stability and change of lifestyle profiles in cardiovascular patients after their first acute coronary event. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183905. [PMID: 28850579 PMCID: PMC5574544 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Lifestyle and health behavior changes play an important role in the primary and secondary prevention of ACS recurrence. Changes in unhealthy lifestyles after an acute coronary event have been analyzed by considering separate behaviors individually, even though research on the healthy population has demonstrated that unhealthy behaviors tend to co-occur. Purpose The aim of this study was to identify lifestyle profiles of ACS patients and to explore their pathways of change for one year after their first coronary event by adopting a typological approach. Methods Two hundred and twenty-three patients (84% male; mean age = 57.14) completed self-report measures of health-related behaviors at the beginning of cardiac rehabilitation, and six months and twelve months after. At each wave depression, anxiety and heart rate were also evaluated. Cluster analysis was performed to identify lifestyle profiles and to analyze their change over time. Differences in psychological factors and heart rate among clusters were assessed. Results Patients' diet, physical activity, and smoking behavior greatly improved six months after their first coronary event. No further improvements were detected after one year. At each wave specific lifestyle profiles were identified, ranging from more maladaptive to healthier clusters. Patients with multiple unhealthy behaviors experience greater difficulties in maintaining a healthier lifestyle over time. Moreover, the results demonstrated the association between lifestyle profiles at twelve months after the acute coronary event and depression measured six months earlier. Finally, the most maladaptive lifestyle profile had many members with elevated heart rate at twelve months after the cardiac rehabilitation. Conclusions Current findings may have a strong practical impact in the development and implementation of personalized secondary prevention programs targeting lifestyles of ACS patients.
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Greco A, Pancani L, Sala M, Annoni AM, Steca P, Paturzo M, D'Agostino F, Alvaro R, Vellone E. Psychometric characteristics of the caregiver burden inventory in caregivers of adults with heart failure. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs 2017; 16:502-510. [PMID: 28186426 DOI: 10.1177/1474515117693890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A better understanding of caregiver burden and its determinants is essential to support caregivers. Many instruments have been developed to measure caregiver burden in various illness contexts, but few have been psychometrically tested for caregivers of heart failure patients. AIMS The aim of this study was to test the validity (factorial and concurrent validity) and reliability (internal consistency) of the caregiver burden inventory (CBI) in a cohort of caregivers of heart failure patients. METHODS This was a secondary analysis from a cross-sectional study on heart failure patients and their caregivers enrolled from various Italian outpatient centres. The factorial validity of the CBI was tested with confirmatory factor analysis, and concurrent validity was tested correlating CBI scores with the short form-12 health survey scores. The internal consistency reliability was assessed with Cronbach's alpha. RESULTS In total, 505 caregivers of heart failure patients (52.2% women, mean age 56.59±14.9 years) were enrolled. Confirmatory factor analyses confirmed the original five-factor model: time-dependence, developmental, physical, social and emotional burden. This model fits the data better than the single-factor model, and the dimensions showed high internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's alpha 0.91 for time-dependence burden, 0.92 for developmental burden, 0.88 for physical burden, 0.89 for social burden and 0.93 for emotional burden; 0.96 for the total score of burden). CONCLUSION The CBI proved to be a good multidimensional instrument for evaluating the burden in caregivers of heart failure patients and can be used in clinical practice and research. This tool can be considered to tailor interventions aimed at improving caregiver outcomes.
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Angelis AD, Pancani L, Steca P, Colaceci S, Giusti A, Tibaldi L, Alvaro R, Ausili D, Vellone E. Testing an explanatory model of nurses' intention to report adverse drug reactions in hospital settings. J Nurs Manag 2017; 25:307-317. [PMID: 28127821 DOI: 10.1111/jonm.12467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIM To test an explanatory model of nurses' intention to report adverse drug reactions in hospital settings, based on the theory of planned behaviour. BACKGROUND Under-reporting of adverse drug reactions is an important problem among nurses. METHODS A cross-sectional design was used. Data were collected with the adverse drug reporting nurses' questionnaire. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed to test the factor validity of the adverse drug reporting nurses' questionnaire, and structural equation modelling was used to test the explanatory model. RESULTS The convenience sample comprised 500 Italian hospital nurses (mean age = 43.52). Confirmatory factor analysis supported the factor validity of the adverse drug reporting nurses' questionnaire. The structural equation modelling showed a good fit with the data. Nurses' intention to report adverse drug reactions was significantly predicted by attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control (R² = 0.16). CONCLUSIONS The theory of planned behaviour effectively explained the mechanisms behind nurses' intention to report adverse drug reactions, showing how several factors come into play. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT In a scenario of organisational empowerment towards adverse drug reaction reporting, the major predictors of the intention to report are support for the decision to report adverse drug reactions from other health care practitioners, perceptions about the value of adverse drug reaction reporting and nurses' favourable self-assessment of their adverse drug reaction reporting skills.
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Steca P, Pancani L, Cesana F, Fattirolli F, Giannattasio C, Greco A, D'Addario M, Monzani D, Cappelletti ER, Magrin ME, Miglioretti M, Sarini M, Scrignaro M, Vecchio L, Franzelli C. Changes in physical activity among coronary and hypertensive patients: A longitudinal study using the Health Action Process Approach. Psychol Health 2017; 32:361-380. [PMID: 28049344 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2016.1273353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Physical activity (PA) is a key factor in cardiovascular disease prevention. Through the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA), the present study investigated the process of change in PA in coronary patients (CPs) and hypertensive patients (HPs). DESIGN Longitudinal survey study with two follow-up assessments at 6 and 12 months on 188 CPs and 169 HPs. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Intensity and frequency of PA. RESULTS A multi-sample analysis indicated the equivalence of almost all the HAPA social cognitive patterns for both patient populations. A latent growth curve model showed strong interrelations among intercepts and slopes of PA, planning and maintenance self-efficacy, but change in planning was not associated with change in PA. Moreover, increase in PA was associated with the value of planning and maintenance self-efficacy reached at the last follow-up Conclusions: These findings shed light on mechanisms often neglected by the HAPA literature, suggesting reciprocal relationships between PA and its predictors that could define a plausible virtuous circle within the HAPA volitional phase. Moreover, the HAPA social cognitive patterns are essentially identical for patients who had a coronary event (i.e. CPs) and individuals who are at high risk for a coronary event (i.e. HPs).
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Greco A, Maloberti A, Varrenti M, Bassi I, Piccinelli E, Panzera F, Laurent S, Boutouyrie P, D’Addario M, Annoni AM, Steca P, Giannattasio C. P60 PSYCHOLOGICAL DETERMINANTS OF TARGET ORGAN DAMAGE IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS: FOCUS ON PULSE WAVE VELOCITY AND DEPRESSION. Artery Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.artres.2017.10.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Steca P, Monzani D, Pierobon A, Avvenuti G, Greco A, Giardini A. Measuring dispositional optimism in patients with chronic heart failure and their healthcare providers: the validity of the Life Orientation Test-Revised. Patient Prefer Adherence 2017; 11:1497-1503. [PMID: 28919722 PMCID: PMC5593410 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s139522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R) measures dispositional optimism (DO) - an individual difference promoting physical and psychological well-being in healthy adults (HAs) as well as in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) and healthcare providers (HPs). Controversy has arisen regarding the dimensionality of the LOT-R. Whereas DO was originally defined as a one-dimensional construct, empirical evidence suggests two correlated factors in the LOT-R. This study was the first attempt to identify the best factor structure of the LOT-R in patients with CHF and HPs and to evaluate its measurement invariance among subsamples of patients with CHF, HPs, and a normative sample of HAs. Its validity was also evaluated in patients with CHF. The sample comprised 543 participants (34% HAs; 34% HPs; and 32% CHF patients). Congeneric, two correlated factor, and two orthogonal factor models for the LOT-R were compared by performing confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Measurement invariance was evaluated by considering differential item functioning (DIF) among subsamples of HPs, patients with CHF, and HAs. In patients with CHF, validity was assessed by considering associations with anxiety and depression. The CFA demonstrated the superior fit of the two orthogonal factor model. Moreover, across patients with CHF, HPs, and HAs, the results highlighted a minimal DIF with only trivial consequences. Finally, negative but weak correlations of DO with anxiety and depression confirmed the validity of the LOT-R in patients with CHF. In summary, these findings supported the validity and suitability of the LOT-R for the assessment of DO in patients with CHF, HPs, and HAs.
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Greco A, Maloberti A, Sormani P, Colombo G, Giupponi L, Laurent S, Boutouyrie P, D’Addario M, Annoni AM, Moreo A, Giannattasio C, Steca P. P61 PSYCHOLOGICAL DETERMINANTS OF TARGET ORGAN DAMAGE IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS: FOCUS ON TYPE A PERSONALITY AND LEFT VENTRICULAR MASS INDEX. Artery Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.artres.2017.10.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Greco A, Cappelletti ER, Monzani D, Pancani L, D'Addario M, Magrin ME, Miglioretti M, Sarini M, Scrignaro M, Vecchio L, Fattirolli F, Steca P. A longitudinal study on the information needs and preferences of patients after an acute coronary syndrome. BMC FAMILY PRACTICE 2016; 17:136. [PMID: 27646507 PMCID: PMC5028970 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-016-0534-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Background Research has shown that the provision of pertinent health information to patients with cardiovascular disease is associated with better adherence to medical prescriptions, behavioral changes, and enhanced perception of control over the disease. Yet there is no clear knowledge on how to improve information pertinence. Identifying and meeting the information needs of patients and their preferences for sources of information is pivotal to developing patient-led services. This prospective, observational study was aimed at exploring the information needs and perceived relevance of different information sources for patients during the twenty-four months following an acute coronary syndrome. Methods Two hundred and seventeen newly diagnosed patients with acute coronary syndrome were enrolled in the study. The patients were primarily men (83.41 %) with a mean age of 57.28 years (range 35–75; SD = 7.98). Patients’ needs for information and the perceived relevance of information sources were evaluated between 2 and 8 weeks after hospitalization (baseline) and during three follow-ups at 6, 12 and 24 months after baseline. Repeated measures ANOVA, Bonferroni post hoc tests and Cochran’s Q Test were performed to test differences in variables of interest over time. Results Results showed a reduction in information needs, but this decrease was significant only for topics related to daily activities, behavioral habits, risk and complication. At baseline, the primary sources of information were specialists and general practitioners, followed by family members and information leaflets given by physicians. Relevance of other sources changed differently over time. Conclusion The present longitudinal study is an original contribution to the investigation of changes in information needs and preferences for sources of information among patients who are diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome. One of the main results of this study is that information on self-disease management is perceived as a minor theme for patients even two years after the event. Knowledge on how patients’ information needs and perceived relevance of information sources change over time could enhance the quality of chronic disease management, leading health-care systems to move toward more patient-tailored care. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12875-016-0534-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Steca P, D’Addario M, Magrin ME, Miglioretti M, Monzani D, Pancani L, Sarini M, Scrignaro M, Vecchio L, Fattirolli F, Giannattasio C, Cesana F, Riccobono SP, Greco A. A Type A and Type D Combined Personality Typology in Essential Hypertension and Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients: Associations with Demographic, Psychological, Clinical, and Lifestyle Indicators. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161840. [PMID: 27589065 PMCID: PMC5010181 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Many studies have focused on Type A and Type D personality types in the context of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), but nothing is known about how these personality types combine to create new profiles. The present study aimed to develop a typology of Type A and Type D personality in two groups of patients affected by and at risk for coronary disease. The study involved 711 patients: 51.6% with acute coronary syndrome, 48.4% with essential hypertension (mean age = 56.4 years; SD = 9.7 years; 70.7% men). Cluster analysis was applied. External variables, such as socio-demographic, psychological, lifestyle, and clinical parameters, were assessed. Six groups, each with its own unique combined personality profile scores, were identified: Type D, Type A-Negatively Affected, Not Type A-Negatively Affected, Socially Inhibited-Positively Affected, Not Socially Inhibited, and Not Type A-Not Type D. The Type A-Negatively Affected cluster and, to a lesser extent, the Type D cluster, displayed the worst profile: namely higher total cardiovascular risk index, physical inactivity, higher anxiety and depression, and lower self-esteem, optimism, and health status. Identifying combined personality profiles is important in clinical research and practice in cardiovascular diseases. Practical implications are discussed.
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Sormani P, Colombo G, Greco A, Maloberti A, Franzosi C, Meani P, Varrenti M, Vallerio P, De Chiara B, Casadei F, Moreo A, D’Addario M, Magrin M, Miglioretti M, Sarini M, Vecchio L, Steca P, Grassi G, Mancia G, Giannattasio C. [PP.32.04] PREDICTORS OF PWV PROGRESSION OVER A THREE YEARS FOLLOW UP. J Hypertens 2016. [DOI: 10.1097/01.hjh.0000492274.66436.7b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Bassi M, Steca P, Fave AD, Caprara GV. Academic Self-Efficacy Beliefs and Quality of Experience in Learning. J Youth Adolesc 2016; 36:301-12. [PMID: 27519029 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-006-9069-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated learning activities and associated quality of experience of students with different levels of perceived academic self-efficacy. Two groups were formed out of 130 Italian adolescents (age 15-19), one with high and one with low academic self-efficacy beliefs (31 and 32 participants, respectively). Students provided valuation of academic pursuits and aspirations, and were monitored for one week with experience sampling method (ESM). Attention was paid to the association of learning activities with optimal experience, characterized by high perceived environmental challenges matched by high personal skills, involvement, concentration and intrinsic reward. High self-efficacy students reported higher academic aspirations and pursuits than low self-efficacy students. They also spent more time in homework, and primarily associated learning activities with optimal experience. Results have educational implications in fostering motivation and enjoyment in learning. They also provide empirical support for the combination of self-efficacy beliefs and quality of experience in motivational research.
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Pala AN, Steca P, Bagrodia R, Helpman L, Colangeli V, Viale P, Wainberg M. Subtypes of depressive symptoms and inflammatory biomarkers: An exploratory study on a sample of HIV-positive patients. Brain Behav Immun 2016; 56:105-13. [PMID: 26883521 PMCID: PMC5553322 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2016.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Revised: 01/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Depressive symptoms cause major impairment and may accelerate HIV progression despite the use of antiretroviral medication. The somatic symptoms criteria for HIV infection and depression partially overlap, which can make differential diagnosis challenging. Because of chronic inflammation caused by HIV infection, HIV-positive patients may develop somatic and affective-cognitive symptoms of depression. Inflammation-related depression is primarily characterized with severe somatic symptoms such as fatigue and sleep disturbance. This study sought to explore the patterns of somatic and cognitive-affective depressive symptoms that characterize HIV-positive patients. Our specific aims were (1) to identify subtypes of depressive symptoms in a sample of HIV-positive patients; and (2) to test the subtypes' difference on inflammatory and HIV disease progression biomarkers. HIV-positive men and women (N=102) with and without depressive symptoms were randomly selected from an Italian HIV clinic. Depressive symptoms (PHQ-9), viral load (VL), CD4+, Il-6, TNF-α, and monocytes were assessed. The three subtypes formed using Latent Class Analysis (LCA) identified patients with (1) severe cognitive-affective and somatic depressive symptoms; (2) severe/moderate somatic symptoms; and (3) absent or low depressive symptoms. The subtype with severe/moderate somatic symptoms was characterized with elevated levels of Il-6 and monocytes. No difference on HIV progression biomarkers was found. The subtypes of depressive symptoms might help differentiating depressive symptoms from HIV- and inflammatory-related somatic symptoms. When present, cognitive-affective and/or somatic symptoms cause significant impairment to patients' lives and thus warrant further assessment and treatment.
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