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Bhat R, Shetty S, Kamath S, Rao RP. Abstract PR228. Anesth Analg 2016. [DOI: 10.1213/01.ane.0000492626.91260.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Patil AR, Nandikoor S, De Marco J, Bhat R, Shivakumar S, Mallrajapatna G. Disorders of the lymphatic system of the abdomen. Clin Radiol 2016; 71:941-952. [PMID: 27450410 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2016.06.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The lymphatic system of the abdomen comprises of the cisterna chyli, its major and minor lymphatic tributaries, and lymph nodes. Disorders of the lymphatic system of the abdomen are rarely encountered and consist of primary and secondary types. Abdominal lymphangiomas constitute the majority and have characteristic imaging features. Complicated lymphangiomas may pose a diagnostic dilemma. Generalised systemic lymphangiomatosis is a rare condition and affects major organs with a poor prognosis. Retroperitoneal lymphangiectasia in the appropriate setting might predict underlying infection, such as filariasis. Other acquired conditions include iatrogenic or treatment-induced chylocoele. Chylous ascites can be secondary to multiple causes and can be confirmed by biochemical testing and lymphangiogram in appropriate settings.
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Bhat R, Pai S. Immature platelet fraction: a significant platelet parameter in asymptomatic constitutional macrothrombocytopenia. Int J Lab Hematol 2016; 38:e45-7. [DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.12471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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29
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Bhat R, Udupa E, Anushree U, Sheik S, Nayak B. Evaluation of Protein Thiols and Liver Glycogen Content on Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats Treated with Aqueous Extract of Bixa orellana Leaves. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.9734/ijbcrr/2016/28222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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30
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Vankalakunti M, Rao V, Dharmanand B, Bhat R, Guptha V, Rani S, Umesh L, Nalloor S, Kiran J, Bipin M, Rampure S, Babu K, Bonu R, Ballal S. AB0534 Podocytic Abnormalities in SLE – Parallel Mechanism Affecting Kidney. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.4313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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31
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Sun XL, Tsai PC, Bhat R, Bonder EM, Michniak-Kohn B, Pietrangelo A. Thermoresponsive block copolymer micelles with tunable pyrrolidone-based polymer cores: structure/property correlations and application as drug carriers. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:814-823. [DOI: 10.1039/c4tb01494d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Residue structure affects the physicochemical properties, drug loading efficiency, and thermoresponsive drug release profiles of block copolymer micelles with pyrrolidone-based polymer cores.
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32
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Bhat R, Patel H, Tsai PC, Sun XL, Daoud D, Lalancette RA, Michniak-Kohn B, Pietrangelo A. Effect of residue structure on the thermal and thermoresponsive properties of γ-substituted poly(N-acryloyl-2-pyrrolidones). Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py00649j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We discuss the results of an investigation into the structure/property correlations of γ-substituted poly(N-acryloyl-2-pyrrolidone)s, a recently reported class of pyrrolidone-based polymers prepared from pyroglutamic acid, a bio-derived resource.
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33
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Cross R, Bhat R, Maloy K, Li Y, Plankey M. 132 Computed Tomography Utilization for Non-Traumatic Abdominal Pain in the Emergency Department Shows Minimal Variability. Ann Emerg Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2014.07.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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34
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Nadarasa K, Bailey M, Chahal H, Raja O, Bhat R, Gayle C, Grossman AB, Druce MR. The use of cinacalcet in pregnancy to treat a complex case of parathyroid carcinoma. Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep 2014; 2014:140056. [PMID: 25298882 PMCID: PMC4174590 DOI: 10.1530/edm-14-0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We present the case of a patient with metastatic parathyroid carcinoma whose hypercalcaemia was medically managed through two pregnancies. The diagnosis was made when the patient presented with chronic knee pain and radiological findings consistent with a brown tumour, at the age of 30. Her corrected calcium and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels were significantly elevated. Following localisation studies, a right parathyroidectomy was performed with histology revealing parathyroid carcinoma, adherent to thyroid tissue. Aged 33, following biochemical recurrence of disease, the patient underwent a second operation. A subsequent CT and FDG–PET revealed bibasal pulmonary metastases. Aged 35, the patient was referred to our unit for treatment of persistent hypercalcaemia. The focus of treatment at this time was debulking metastatic disease using radiofrequency ablation. Despite advice to the contrary, the patient conceived twice while taking cinacalcet. Even though there are limited available data regarding the use of cinacalcet in pregnancy, both pregnancies continued to term with the delivery of healthy infants, using intensive medical management for persistent hypercalcaemia.
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Defour A, Van der Meulen JH, Bhat R, Bigot A, Bashir R, Nagaraju K, Jaiswal JK. Dysferlin regulates cell membrane repair by facilitating injury-triggered acid sphingomyelinase secretion. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1306. [PMID: 24967968 PMCID: PMC4079937 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Revised: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Dysferlin deficiency compromises the repair of injured muscle, but the underlying cellular mechanism remains elusive. To study this phenomenon, we have developed mouse and human myoblast models for dysferlinopathy. These dysferlinopathic myoblasts undergo normal differentiation but have a deficit in their ability to repair focal injury to their cell membrane. Imaging cells undergoing repair showed that dysferlin-deficit decreased the number of lysosomes present at the cell membrane, resulting in a delay and reduction in injury-triggered lysosomal exocytosis. We find repair of injured cells does not involve formation of intracellular membrane patch through lysosome-lysosome fusion; instead, individual lysosomes fuse with the injured cell membrane, releasing acid sphingomyelinase (ASM). ASM secretion was reduced in injured dysferlinopathic cells, and acute treatment with sphingomyelinase restored the repair ability of dysferlinopathic myoblasts and myofibers. Our results provide the mechanism for dysferlin-mediated repair of skeletal muscle sarcolemma and identify ASM as a potential therapy for dysferlinopathy.
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36
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Glimm T, Bhat R, Newman SA. Modeling the morphodynamic galectin patterning network of the developing avian limb skeleton. J Theor Biol 2013; 346:86-108. [PMID: 24355216 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2013.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Revised: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We present a mathematical model for the morphogenesis and patterning of the mesenchymal condensations that serve as primordia of the avian limb skeleton. The model is based on the experimentally established dynamics of a multiscale regulatory network consisting of two glycan-binding proteins expressed early in limb development: CG (chicken galectin)-1A, CG-8 and their counterreceptors that determine the formation, size, number and spacing of the "protocondensations" that give rise to the condensations and subsequently the cartilaginous elements that serve as the templates of the bones. The model, a system of partial differential and integro-differential equations containing a flux term to represent local adhesion gradients, is simulated in a "full" and a "reduced" form to confirm that the system has pattern-forming capabilities and to explore the nature of the patterning instability. The full model recapitulates qualitatively and quantitatively the experimental results of network perturbation and leads to new predictions, which are verified by further experimentation. The reduced model is used to demonstrate that the patterning process is inherently morphodynamic, with cell motility being intrinsic to it. Furthermore, subtle relationships between cell movement and the positive and negative interactions between the morphogens produce regular patterns without the requirement for activators and inhibitors with widely separated diffusion coefficients. The described mechanism thus represents an extension of the category of activator-inhibitor processes capable of generating biological patterns with repetitive elements beyond the morphostatic mechanisms of the Turing/Gierer-Meinhardt type.
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Trivedi MV, Bhat R, Yadav V, Yadav P, Al-Rawi A, Christiny P, Nanda S, Giuliano M, Creighton C, Osborne CK, Narkar VA, Schiff R. Abstract P6-04-05: GPR110 overexpression increases tumorigenic potential of HER2+ breast cancer cells. Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs13-p6-04-05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2-overexpressing (HER2+) breast cancer is an aggressive tumor. Despite the clinical success of anti-HER2 drugs such as lapatinib (L) and trastuzumab (T), intrinsic and acquired drug resistance occurs in many patients. Identification of novel drug targets in HER2+ breast cancer is an unmet clinical need. In this context, G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) may be excellent drug targets because they cross-talk with the HER family members. However, the expression and function of the majority of GPCRs are unknown in HER2+ breast cancer. In a preliminary study, we examined the differential gene expression of GPCRs in anti-HER2 treatment-resistant derivatives as well as in the tumorigenic cell population, suggested to be involved in resistance, of a BT474 cell line model of HER2+ breast cancer. Anti-HER2 resistant derivatives of BT474 cells were established by long-term exposure of parental cells to increasing concentrations of L, T, or their combination (L+T). Tumorigenic cells were identified as aldehyde dehydrogenase-positive (ALDH+) cells using the Aldefluor assay. RNA was profiled using TaqMan real time RT-PCR GPCR 384-well microarray to quantify the expression of mRNA encoding 343 GPCRs. The publically available TCGA dataset was interrogated to determine differential mRNA expression of selected GPCRs in HER2+ and other subtypes of breast cancer. To determine the functional role of GPR110, BT474 cells were infected with lentiviral GPR110 construct (GPR110-OE) or empty vector (EV), and stable pools were obtained. Anchorage-dependent cell growth was evaluated using MTT cell proliferation assay over 8 days. Tumorigenic potential was determined by calculating the% of ALDH+ cells using Aldefluor assay and by evaluating the anchorage-independent cell growth using soft agar assay over 14 days. The influence of GPR110 overexpression on HER signaling pathway was investigated by measuring the levels of phosphorylated (active) and total protein levels of HER1 and HER2 using immunoblotting. GPR110 was the only GPCR overexpressed in resistant derivatives versus parental cells as well as in ALDH+ versus ALDH- cells of BT474 cells. In TCGA dataset, GPR110 expression was significantly higher in HER2+ and basal subtypes of breast cancer compared to ER+ luminal A and B subtypes. Overexpression of GPR110 in BT474 cells (9-fold in GPR110-OE vs. EV cells) resulted in a marked 5-fold increase in the number of colonies when grown in soft agar compared to EV cells even though anchorage-dependent cell growth was not significantly different between EV and GPR110-OE cells. In addition, GPR110-OE cells had a significantly higher% of ALDH+ population compared to EV cells. Phosphorylated (but not total) HER1 and HER2 protein levels were significantly higher in GPR110-OE cells compared to EV cells, suggesting hyperactive HER signaling with GPR110 overexpression. Experiments with L and T treatment will reveal the role of GPR110 in drug efficacy and acquired resistance. In summary, we show for the first time a pro-tumorigenic role of GPR110 in HER2+ breast cancer. Therefore, GPR110 may be a novel pharmacological target in HER2+ breast cancer.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P6-04-05.
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Bhat R, Garg M, Omron R, Takenaka K, Park Y, Lane D. Predictors of Success in Emergency Medicine Training. Ann Emerg Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2013.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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39
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Zzaman W, Bhat R, Yang TA. Effect of Superheated Steam Roasting on the Phenolic Antioxidant Properties of Cocoa Beans. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.12166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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40
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Oliver TB, Bhat R, Kellett CF, Adamson DJ. Diagnosis and management of bone metastases. J R Coll Physicians Edinb 2013; 41:330-8. [PMID: 22184572 DOI: 10.4997/jrcpe.2011.410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone metastases are a common feature of many cancers and patients with a previous history of cancer may present with bony symptoms to many different specialties. It is, however, easy to mistakenly diagnose secondary bone cancer in patients who have abnormal imaging, when the cause of the symptoms and the abnormal imaging results is benign disease. In this review, common diagnostic mistakes are described with examples of imaging of both benign and malignant bony disease. The relative risk of developing bone metastases in different cancers is discussed, as well as the rationale of different therapies for proven bony metastases, such as radiotherapy, bisphosphonate therapy, orthopaedic intervention and vertebroplasty.
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41
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Kiang WS, Bhat R, Rosma A, Cheng LH. Effects of thermosonication on the fate of Escherichia coli
O157:H7 and Salmonella
Enteritidis in mango juice. Lett Appl Microbiol 2013; 56:251-7. [DOI: 10.1111/lam.12042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2012] [Revised: 12/13/2012] [Accepted: 12/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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42
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Subramanayam K, Babu B, Bhat R, Reddy S. Elective use of intra-aortic balloon pumping during Whipple's procedure in a patient with ischaemic heart disease. SOUTHERN AFRICAN JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/22201173.2013.10872897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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43
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Velmourougane K, Bhat R, Gopinandhan TN. Composting coffee wastes, a potential source of ochratoxigenic fungi and ochratoxin A contamination. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2012. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2012.1386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Ochratoxin A (OTA) has been extensively documented as a global contaminant of a wide variety of food commodities including the green coffee bean, but there is no clear information available on the spread of Aspergillus ochraceus in the coffee production chain. In this study, the growth of A. ochraceus and the fate of OTA during composting of solid coffee wastes, i.e. pulp and husk, were investigated. A trial was set up with pulp and husk alone or in combination, naturally and artificially contaminated with A. ochraceus. OTA was detected at levels up to 2.6 and 6.2 ng/g in naturally and artificially contaminated pulp, respectively. At the end of the composting process, 8.4 and 14.2 ng OTA per g were measured in naturally and artificially contaminated husk, respectively. Throughout the composting process, A. ochraceus counts did not show any clear increasing or decreasing trend.
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Sanati Nezhad A, Ghanbari M, Agudelo CG, Packirisamy M, Bhat R. A new polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microcantilever with integrated optical waveguide for biosensing application. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1117/12.2001457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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45
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Bhat R, Maloy K, Dubin J. 116 Impact of Learners on Emergency Medicine Attending Physician Productivity. Ann Emerg Med 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2012.06.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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46
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Krishnan P, Bhat R, Kush A, Ravikumar P. Isolation and functional characterization of bacterial endophytes from Carica papaya fruits. J Appl Microbiol 2012; 113:308-17. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2012.05340.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2011] [Revised: 05/04/2012] [Accepted: 05/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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47
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Ooi LG, Bhat R, Rosma A, Yuen KH, Liong MT. Erratum to “A synbiotic containing Lactobacillus acidophilus CHO-220 and inulin improves irregularity of red blood cells” (J. Dairy Sci. 93:4535–4544). J Dairy Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2011-94-5-2657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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48
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Khursheed N, Rumana M, Ramzan A, Zahoor S, Nisar S, Sarbjit C, Abrar W, Basharat M, Mohsin R, Kirmani A, Bhat R. Pediatric epidural tumors of the spine--experience of a decade from the Kashmir Valley. Pediatr Neurosurg 2011; 47:22-30. [PMID: 21613777 DOI: 10.1159/000327142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2010] [Accepted: 03/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We present our experience after analyzing retrospectively the clinicopathological characteristics, surgical approaches, immediate and long-term postoperative complications and survival outcome of pediatric spinal epidural tumors treated over a period of 10 years from 2000 to 2009 in a tertiary-care hospital. Our study included benign and malignant tumors. The majority of our patients were boys (14:8). The duration of symptoms was longer in benign lesions. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma was the commonest malignant tumor and aneurysmal bone cyst was the commonest benign tumor. The mean duration of follow-up was 19 months (range 3-48 months). Most of the patients improved in their neurological grade after surgery; however, the degree of excision had no bearing on the length of survival for malignant lesions.
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Ooi LG, Bhat R, Rosma A, Yuen KH, Liong MT. A synbiotic containing Lactobacillus acidophilus CHO-220 and inulin improves irregularity of red blood cells. J Dairy Sci 2010; 93:4535-44. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2010-3330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2010] [Accepted: 06/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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50
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Miglani RK, Murthy D, Bhat R, Kumar AKV. Immunoglobulin G4-associated cholangitis mimicking cholangiocarcinoma in a young boy. J Postgrad Med 2010; 56:140-2. [PMID: 20622394 DOI: 10.4103/0022-3859.65294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune pancreatitis is a rare form of chronic pancreatitis, which commonly mimics pancreatic carcinoma. Immunoglobulin G4-associated cholangitis (IAC) is a rare type of autoimmune pancreatitis associated with bile duct involvement, which can present with or without pancreatic involvement. Usually, the bile duct involvement is in the form of multiple intra-and extra-hepatic strictures mimicking primary sclerosing cholangitis. Rarely, there can be an isolated stricture which mimics cholangiocarcinoma. Differentiating these from cholangiocarcinoma, though extremely difficult, is of critical importance since it can be treated without surgical intervention. Most cases with rare presentation mimicking cholangiocarcinoma have been reported in elderly patients. We present one such rare presentation of autoimmune pancreatitis in a young 13-year-old patient in whom hepaticojejunostomy was done for a hilar stricture, which later turned out to be related to IAC. To our knowledge this is the first reported case of its kind from India.
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