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Behar J, Behar J, Providência R, Cronbach P, Siddiqui S, Brough C, Ara F, Newham W, Ng F, Ayala-Paredes F, Withers K, Hayward C, Chin H, Fearn S, Omerod J, Gamble J, Foley P, Bostock J, Claridge S, Jackson T, Sohal M, Razavi R, Betts T, Herring N, Rinaldi C, Pourmorteza A, McVeigh E, Niederer S, Claridge S, Jackson T, Sohal M, Preston R, Carr-White G, Razavi R, Rajani R, Rinaldi C, Boveda S, Defaye P, Barra S, Babu G, Ang R, Algalarrondo V, Bouzeman A, Ahsan S, Deharo JC, Sporton S, Segal O, Klug D, Lambiase P, Sadoul N, Agarwal S, Piot O, Chow A, Périer M, Fauchier L, Babuty D, Lowe M, Leclercq C, Bordachar P, Marijon E, Wilson D, Panfilo D, Greenhut S, Stegemann B, Morgan J, Nicolson W, Li A, Behr E, Ng G, Raman G, Belchambers S, Rao A, Wright D, John I, Crockford C, Kaba R, Begg G, Tayebjee M, Leong K, Hu M, Kanapeckaite L, Roney C, Lim P, Harding S, Peters N, Varnava A, Kanagaratnam P, Roux JF, Badra M, White J, Lencioni M, Carolan-Rees G, Patrick H, Griffith M, Patel H, Spiesshoefer J, Morley-Smith A, Patel K, Rosen S, DiMario C, Lyon A, Cowie M. Devices & Sudden death. Europace 2015; 17:v10-v13. [PMCID: PMC4892105 DOI: 10.1093/europace/euv331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
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Pai S, Koretomo R, Tamaki S, Berg J, Marbury T, Galloway C, Preston R. FP658JTZ-951, A NOVEL HIF-PHD INHIBITOR, DEMONSTRATES INCREASES IN HEMOGLOBIN, IRON MOBILIZATION, REPRODUCIBLE PHARMACOKINETICS, AND SAFETY FOLLOWING ONCE DAILY ADMINISTRATION FOR 15 DAYS IN PATIENTS WITH ANEMIA RECEIVING HEMODIALYSIS. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfv182.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Eliwan HO, Watson RWG, Aslam S, Regan I, Philbin B, O'Hare FM, O'Neill A, Preston R, Blanco A, Grant T, Nolan B, Smith O, Molloy EJ. Neonatal brain injury and systemic inflammation: modulation by activated protein C ex vivo. Clin Exp Immunol 2015; 179:477-84. [PMID: 25204207 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection and inflammation can be antecedents of neonatal encephalopathy (NE) and increase the risk of neurological sequelae. Activated protein C (APC) has anti-coagulant and anti-inflammatory effects and provides neuroprotection in brain and spinal cord injury. We examined neutrophil and monocyte responses to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in infants with NE compared with healthy adult and neonatal controls, and also studied the effect of APC. Whole blood was incubated with LPS and APC and Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 (LPS recognition), CD11b expression (activation) and intracellular reactive oxygen intermediate (ROI; function) release from neutrophils and monocytes was examined by flow cytometry serially from days 1 to 7. We found a significant increase in neutrophil ROI in infants with NE on day 3 following LPS compared to neonatal controls and this augmented response was reduced significantly by APC. Neutrophil and monocyte CD11b expression was increased significantly on day 1 in infants with NE compared to neonatal controls. LPS-induced neutrophil TLR-4 expression was increased significantly in infants with NE on days 3 and 7 and was reduced by APC. LPS-induced monocyte TLR-4 was increased significantly in infants with NE on day 7. Neutrophil and monocyte activation and production of ROIs may mediate tissue damage in infants with NE. APC modified LPS responses in infants with NE. APC may reduce the inflammatory responses in NE and may ameliorate multi-organ dysfunction. Further study of the immunomodulatory effects of protein C may be warranted using mutant forms with decreased bleeding potential.
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Rajani R, Webb J, Marciniak A, Preston R. Comparative efficacy testing — Fractional flow reserve by coronary computed tomography for the evaluation of patients with stable chest pain. Int J Cardiol 2015; 183:173-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Revised: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Starsmore L, Lams B, Agarwal S, Nair A, Preston R, Barrett N, Glover G, Ioannou N, Langrish C, Wyncoll D, Meadows C. S9 Acute Inflammatory Presentation Associates With Survival In Interstitial Lung Disease And Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation-requiring Severe Respiratory Failure: A Single Centre Case Series. Thorax 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2014-206260.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Yalakki Jagadeesh L, Kirkham B, Lams B, Preston R, Gullick N, Agarwal S. 112. Disease Characteristics in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis and Lung Disease. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keu102.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Sarwar KN, Huda MSB, Van de Velde V, Hopkins L, Luck S, Preston R, McGowan BM, Carroll PV, Powrie JK. The prevalence and natural history of pituitary hemorrhage in prolactinoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2013; 98:2362-7. [PMID: 23585661 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2013-1249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Incidental pituitary hemorrhage, without full pituitary apoplexy, is a recognized radiological finding, but little information exists on its clinical behavior, with most reports describing surgically treated macroprolactinoma or nonfunctioning adenoma. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to characterize the prevalence, natural history, and risk factors associated with pituitary hemorrhage in a large clinic prolactinoma population. DESIGN The design consisted of a retrospective analysis of a clinic population. SETTING The setting was a tertiary endocrine center in a large teaching hospital. PATIENTS We studied three hundred sixty-eight patients with prolactinoma. The presence of hemorrhage was documented on magnetic resonance imaging. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE The main outcome measures were the prevalence, risk factors, and natural history of pituitary hemorrhage. RESULTS Pituitary hemorrhage was found in 25 patients, giving an overall prevalence of 6.8%, and was significantly higher in macroprolactinoma (20.3%) compared to microprolactinoma (3.1%, P < .0001). Three patients had classical pituitary apoplexy. The majority of patients in the hemorrhage group had macroprolactinomas (16/25 [64%]) and were women (22/25 [88%]). The proportion of women with macroprolactinoma was higher in the hemorrhage group (14/16 macroprolactinomas [87.5%]) than in the nonhemorrhage group (36/63 macroprolactinomas [57.1%], P = .02). The majority of pituitary hemorrhages (92%) were treated conservatively with dopamine agonist therapy for hyperprolactinemia. Eighty-seven percent of patients had complete resolution of their hemorrhage within 26.6 ± 23.3 (mean ± SD) months. The presence of macroprolactinoma (odds ratio 9.00 [95%CI 3.79-23.88], P < .001) and being female (odds ratio 8.03 [95%confidence interval 1.22-52.95], P = .03) were independently associated with hemorrhage. CONCLUSIONS These data show that incidental hemorrhage in prolactinoma is not uncommon. It is more likely to occur in macroprolactinoma, where 1 in 5 develop hemorrhage, and is particularly common in women with macroprolactinoma. The majority are asymptomatic and resolve spontaneously.
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Yalakki Jagadeesh L, Lams B, Preston R, Gullick N, Kirkham B, Agarwal S. AB0177 Patterns and severity of lung disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-eular.2500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Rajani R, Wang Y, Uss A, Perera D, Redwood S, Thomas M, Chambers JB, Preston R, Carr-White GS, Liatsis P. Virtual fractional flow reserve by coronary computed tomography - hope or hype? EUROINTERVENTION 2013; 9:277-84. [DOI: 10.4244/eijv9i2a44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Kathirgamanathan A, Douglas MJ, Tyler J, Saran S, Gunka V, Preston R, Kliffer P. Speed of spinal vs general anaesthesia for category-1 caesarean section: a simulation and clinical observation-based study. Anaesthesia 2013; 68:753-9. [DOI: 10.1111/anae.12290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Cecelja M, Hussain T, Greil G, Botnar R, Preston R, Moayyeri A, Spector TD, Chowienczyk P. Multimodality imaging of subclinical aortic atherosclerosis: relation of aortic stiffness to calcification and plaque in female twins. Hypertension 2013; 61:609-14. [PMID: 23339166 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.111.00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Aortic stiffness, an important predictor of cardiovascular events, may relate to aortic calcification rather than noncalcified atherosclerotic plaque. The aim of this study was to determine the relation of aortic stiffness to aortic plaque and aortic calcification in asymptomatic postmenopausal women. One hundred female twins (mean age±standard deviation 64±7 years) underwent computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (black-blood sequence) of the aorta. The topographical relation of plaque on magnetic resonance images and calcification on computed tomography images was assessed on magnetic resonance/computed tomography fused images. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity was used as a measure of aortic stiffness. Aortic plaque was identified in 87% and calcification in 65% of subjects, both increased with age and were higher in the abdominal compared with thoracic aorta (P<0.0001). Plaque correlated with calcification (R=0.68; P<0.0001), but was also detected in 58% of women who had no calcification. Pulse wave velocity (adjusted for age and blood pressure) increased across quartiles of calcification (P<0.01) but not plaque score (P=0.56). Shared genetic factors accounted for >99% of the correlation (0.35) between PWV and calcification. In conclusion, there is a high prevalence of subclinical atherosclerosis within the aorta in asymptomatic middle-aged women. Aortic stiffening relates to aortic calcification, but not to atherosclerotic plaque burden, and the association of aortic stiffness with calcification is driven by common genes.
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Clarke REJ, Padayachee ST, Preston R, McMahon Z, Gordon M, Graham C, Crook MA, Wierzbicki AS. Effectiveness of alternative strategies to define index case phenotypes to aid genetic diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolaemia. Heart 2012; 99:175-80. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2012-302917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Clarke R, MacMahon Z, Padayachee T, Preston R, Graham C, Crook M, Wierzbicki A. (2) The role of improved phenotypic confirmation of familial hypercholesterolemia in enhancing the use of genetic testing. Atherosclerosis 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2012.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Rajani R, Barden E, Al-Fakih K, Preston R, Carr-White G. An unusual cause of intractable cough. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2012; 13:848. [PMID: 22588210 DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jes106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Preston R, Jakubek J, Prokopovich D, Uher J. Development of SiPM-based scintillator tile detectors for a multi-layer fast neutron tracker. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2012. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20123502004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Rajani R, Brum RL, Preston R, Carr-White G, Berman DS. Coronary computed tomography angiography for the evaluation of patients with acute chest pain. Int J Clin Pract 2011; 65:1267-73. [PMID: 22093533 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-1241.2011.02788.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute chest pain is a common presenting complaint of patients attending emergency room departments. Despite this, it can often be challenging to completely exclude a diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome following an initial standard clinical and biochemical evaluation. As a result of this, patients are often admitted to hospital until the treating clinician is satisfied that this diagnosis can be excluded. This process imparts a significant health economic burden by not only increasing hospital bed occupancy rates but also by the unnecessary layering of diagnostic investigations. With the rapid advances in coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA), there has been considerable interest in whether coronary CTA may be a viable alternative to this current standard care. We review the current literature and supporting evidence for utilising coronary CTA in the evaluation of patients presenting with acute chest pain in terms of its diagnostic accuracy, safety, cost-effectiveness and prognostic implications.
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Koschier F, Gallo MA, Feng X, Baxter GE, Preston R, Stevens K, Powers W. Toxicological studies on 2,4,6-tribromoanisole. Food Chem Toxicol 2011; 49:2074-80. [PMID: 21645578 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2011.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2011] [Revised: 05/11/2011] [Accepted: 05/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
TBA, or 2,4,6-tribromoanisole, is a musty-smelling metabolite of 2,4,6-tribromophenol that is used as a flame retardant and an antifungal agent for wooden pallets and packaging materials. The compound can impart its peculiar, often offensive, odor on product packaging to the concern of consumers for the safety of the package contents. These studies were conducted to evaluate the safety of TBA to humans ingesting products tainted with TBA. In addition to the 28-day oral study, a bacterial reverse mutation study was conducted, and confirmed that TBA was not mutagenic. To evaluate oral safety, TBA was evaluated in single dose and 5-day and 4-week repeated dose oral toxicity studies in rats. The test article, administered in single gavage doses of 2000, 5000 and 7500 mg/kg body weight (bw), in 5 daily repeated doses of 1000, 2000 or 3000 mg/kg bw/day or in 28 daily oral gavage doses of 0 001, 0.01, 100, and 1000 mg/kg bw/day did not result in any deaths. Also, the single and repeat dose studies resulted in no significant differences between control and treated groups on body weight gain, food consumption, clinical observations, blood biochemical values, and hematology findings. Treatment-related adverse findings were only detected in male rats during repeated dose studies and were associated with high plasma concentrations of TBA. The test article-related finding of hyaline droplets in the cortical tubular epithelium of kidneys was associated with increases in α(2 μ)-globulin content in the kidneys as indicated by the intensity of immunohistochemical staining. These findings were correlated with an increased weight of kidneys in males administered 1000mg/kgbw/day for 28days. Chemical induction of hyaline droplets containing α(2μ)-globulin in the renal proximal tubule is a process unique to the male rat and is not relevant for human risk assessment. Findings of increased liver weight with minimal centrilobular to diffuse hepatocellular hypertrophy in males treated with TBA at 1000mg/kg bw/day for 28days were considered to be an adaptive metabolic response to xenobiotic administration. The increased volume of urine, noted in both males and females treated with 1000mg/kg bw/day was considered adaptive and necessary to excrete the high xenobiotic burden resulting from TBA administration. TBA appeared to be highly bioavailable since high concentrations of TBA were detected in plasma, at 1, 4 and 8h after administration of TBA at 100 and 1000mg/kg bw for 1 and 28days. Levels were dose-related but did not clarify the course of TBA elimination with time after administration. These studies indicate that TBA, administered orally to rats, produced male rat-specific, treatment-related toxicity at the highest orally administered dose in repeated dose (5-day at 3000mg/kg bw and 28-day at 1000mg/kg bw) studies. Therefore, the NOAEL for the 28-day oral study was determined to be 1000mg/kg bw/day for the rat.
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Liu Y, Preston R, Thomas SM, Brackenridge A, Carroll PV. Cerebral cavernoma: an emerging long-term consequence of external beam radiation in childhood. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2010; 73:555-60. [PMID: 20039886 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.2009.03767.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The long-term effects of cranial external beam radiotherapy are emerging as survival rates for cerebral tumours improve. Cerebral cavernoma are a recognized consequence of cranial irradiation. Endocrinologists managing the life-long complications of hypopituitarism associated with irradiation need to be aware and vigilant of the risks of cavernoma formation, in particular in the population with a history of childhood irradiation. We present three cases of young patients who were diagnosed with cerebral cavernoma many years after childhood irradiation treatment and review the current literature on this condition. We discuss implications for endocrine practice as rising numbers of patients survive childhood cancer and irradiation and are now attending adult endocrine services for long-term management of secondary hypopituitarism.
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Laties V, Preston R, Inglis G, Pittelli R. JEAB And JABA On The World Wide Web: A Report To Readers (Editorial). J Exp Anal Behav 2010; 66:265-6. [PMID: 16812826 PMCID: PMC1284576 DOI: 10.1901/jeab.1996.66-265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Collins P, Rosano G, Casey C, Daly C, Gambacciani M, Hadji P, Kaaja R, Mikkola T, Palacios S, Preston R, Simon T, Stevenson J, Stramba-Badiale M. Management of cardiovascular risk in the perimenopausal women: a consensus statement of European cardiologists and gynecologists. Climacteric 2009; 10:508-26. [DOI: 10.1080/13697130701755213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Bailey J, Veitch C, Crossland L, Preston R. Developing research capacity building for Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander health workers in health service settings. Rural Remote Health 2006; 6:556. [PMID: 17187447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health workers (hereafter called health workers) can play a major role in facilitating culturally appropriate health care delivery and program development through the acquisition of improved skills in the planning, monitoring and evaluation of these programs (RCB). However, many Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people and communities remain concerned about research and related activities. Health workers are well placed to assist communities to not only embrace research, but to be active players and promoters of relevant, appropriate and acceptable research. One means of achieving the twin goals of RCB and community acceptance and involvement in research, is through health workers undertaking research of health priority issues and evaluation of activities, such as program delivery, that are of direct relevance to their community's aim of improving or enhancing service delivery. This article outlines the development and content of a community-based RCB framework for health workers. The focus is on the major issues that enhance a proactive service delivery model using culturally appropriate research methods. Development process: The RCB framework described here was developed, over a period of time, through community workshops and consultations aimed at deriving general consensus on the key issues and components of a culturally-appropriate, community-based training process. The framework has subsequently been reviewed by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community representatives from across Australia. The overall aim of the framework is to supplement current (institutionally-based) education and training resources for health workers with community-based research training modules. These modules can be tailored to provide research and evaluation skills relevant to health workers taking a more proactive role in facilitating health and wellbeing programs in their own communities. The use of collaborative consultation and participatory methods are intended to be a two-way education process. Course content: A visual pathway is used that encompasses the impact of health and practice in the community for health workers at a grass-roots level. This enables elements of the RCB process to be divided into a series of connected modules. These are: (i 'assessing' Existing Services; (ii) methods and measures for Identifying Need at various levels; (iii) important issues in Program Development; (iv) how the former contributes to Service Improvement; (v) resultant Outcomes that will impact on community and service provision; and (vi) Evaluation Methods and applying findings to service delivery. CONCLUSIONS Active participation by the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community is fundamental for effective research practices and outcomes. The aim is to provide health workers and community members with a working knowledge of research ethics and methods so that they can assist, monitor and steer the development of culturally appropriate research activities that will lead to provision of the highest quality services 'back' to the community. This RCB framework will enable health workers to be more proactive, self-reliant and self-sufficient within their community and healthcare settings.
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Däbritz J, Hänfler J, Preston R, Stieler J, Oettle H. Detection of Ki-ras mutations in tissue and plasma samples of patients with pancreatic cancer using PNA-mediated PCR clamping and hybridisation probes. Br J Cancer 2005; 92:405-12. [PMID: 15655549 PMCID: PMC2361834 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6602319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we combined the PCR-clamping approach with melting curve analysis using mutant specific hybridisation probes and wild-type specific peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) to determine the genotypes of the most frequent point mutation in codon 12 of the proto-oncogene Ki-ras in tissue and plasma samples of patients with pancreatic cancer. The sensitivity of our assay was 1–5 × 10−5. The melting curve analysis of tissue samples of four patients revealed two valine mutations, one none-valine mutation and one wild-type sequence. Ki-ras alterations were found in 28% of DNAs (18 out of 64) of nonrelated plasma samples of 10 patients with ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas. The valine mutation was the predominantly detected gene alteration (83%). Out of ten patients investigated, four patients (40%) became positive during clinical observation with respect to Ki-ras mutation. All four patients exhibited progressive disease and high levels of tumour marker CA 19-9. In conclusion, the one-step procedure discribed may be a useful clinical tool for analysing Ki-ras point mutations in tissue and plasmas samples. In addition, this method can be adapted for simultanous detection of multiple mutations and quantitation.
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Kearvell R, Kuan R, Preston R, Tanner P, Buck H, Hedges R. Acute radiation toxicity assessment of a 3-D conformal head and neck radiation treatment technique. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 48:358-63. [PMID: 15344987 DOI: 10.1111/j.0004-8461.2004.01319.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Patients undergoing radiation treatment for head and neck cancer have many critical structures within or adjacent to the treatment area. Avoiding these critical structures is more efficient and easier using 3-D conformal planning. At Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital an investigation into the acute radiation toxicity was undertaken when the head and neck treatment technique was changed from the conventional 2-D plan to the conformal 3-D plan. Although the primary target volume (PTV), fraction size and overall dose remain the same for the two techniques, differing beam configurations mean that treatment fields enter and exit through different parts of the head and neck. Ten patients were initially assessed to gain a baseline appearance of their head and neck region, and then graded weekly according to the toxicity criteria during treatment and at 4, 8 and 12 weeks after treatment. The results of the assessment indicate that there is no increase in toxicity as a result of treating using the conformal head and neck technique.
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Phillips I, Casewell M, Cox T, De Groot B, Friis C, Jones R, Nightingale C, Preston R, Waddell J. Antibiotic use in animals. J Antimicrob Chemother 2004; 53:885; author reply 886. [PMID: 15028664 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkh149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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