26
|
Das M, Malipeddi H, Nambiraj NA, Rajan R. Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant Activity and In Vitro
Growth Inhibition of Struvite Crystals by I
pomoea Eriocarpa
Leaf Extracts. J Food Biochem 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
27
|
Rajan R, Raj NAN, Madeswaran S, Babu DR. Dielectric studies on struvite urinary crystals, a gateway to the new treatment modality for urolithiasis. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 148:266-270. [PMID: 25909901 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.03.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Revised: 03/29/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate hexahydrate (MAPH) are biological crystals, found in the kidney, which are formed due to the infection caused by urea splitting bacteria in the urinary tract. The struvite crystals observe different morphologies and were developed using single diffusion gel growth technique. The crystalline nature and its composition were studied from different characterization techniques like X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and FTIR. The dielectric behavior of the developed crystal was studied by varying temperature and at different frequencies. The parameters like dielectric constant, dielectric loss, ac conductivity, ac resistivity, impedance and admittance of the struvite crystals were calculated. The studies proved that the dielectric loss or dissipation heat is high in lower frequencies at normal body temperature, which develops a plasma state in the stones and in turn leads to the disintegration of urinary stones. The dielectric nature of the stones leads to the dielectric therapy, which will be a gateway for future treatment modality for urolithiasis.
Collapse
|
28
|
Rajan R, Krishnan R, Bhaskaran B, Kumar SV. A Polarized Light Microscopic Study to Comparatively evaluate Four Remineralizing Agents on Enamel viz CPP-ACPF, ReminPro, SHY-NM and Colgate Strong Teeth. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2015; 8:42-7. [PMID: 26124580 PMCID: PMC4472870 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To compare and evaluate the remineralizing potential of four commercially available products namely SHY-NM, GC Tooth Mousse Plus, ReminPro and Colgate strong teeth on demineralized human teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included 50 extracted premolars having 3 × 3 mm window prepared on the middle third of the tooth, which was then subjected to demineralization for 48 hours at 37°C. Teeth were randomly selected and grouped into five study groups of 10 teeth in each. Each group was treated with respective remineralizing agent and sectioned using hard-tissue microtome. Each section obtained was visualized under polarized light microscope and analyzed using Image J software. RESULTS The statistically evaluated results revealed that SHY-NM has the most remineralizing potential followed by ReminPro, GC Tooth Mousse Plus and fluoridated toothpaste. CONCLUSION Based on the study, the SHY-NM was superior to the GC Tooth Mousse Plus, ReminPro and Colgate strong teeth on demineralized human teeth. How to cite this article: Rajan R, Krishnan R, Bhaskaran B, Kumar SV. A Polarized Light Microscopic Study to Comparatively evaluate Four Remineralizing Agents on Enamel viz CPP-ACPF, ReminPro, SHY-NM and Colgate Strong Teeth. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2015;8(1):42-47.
Collapse
|
29
|
Thibault M, Michel MC, Varin F, Deschenes L, Pelletier E, Guevremont C, Berard G, Marcotte N, Turgeron M, Farand P, Froment D, Gaudreault P, Rajan R. 29: Descriptive Analysis of Paediatric Antimicrobial Prophylaxis in Surgery in Four University Teaching Hospitals. Paediatr Child Health 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/pch/20.5.e43b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
30
|
Rajan R, Reddy VV, Potturi A, Jhawar D, Muralidhar PV, Reddy B. Response to "Setbacks of transoral temporomandibular joint ankylotic mass excision". Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2015; 44:673. [PMID: 25766460 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2015.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
31
|
Rajan R, Reddy N, Potturi A, Jhawar D, Muralidhar P, Reddy B. Gap arthroplasty of temporomandibular joint ankylosis by transoral access: a case series. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2014; 43:1468-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2014.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Revised: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
32
|
Rajan R, Khurana D. Endovascular treatment of acute ischemic stroke: not yet a panacea for all troubles. Neurol India 2014; 62:474. [PMID: 25237975 DOI: 10.4103/0028-3886.141298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
33
|
Rajan R, Shankar V, Mathew P, Prajapathi J, Shinde P, Chaudhari L, Haritha C, Joseph J, Kumar A, Tinimol P, Kumar R. Dosimetric Impact of Intrafraction Motion in Spine SABR. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.05.2573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
34
|
Rajan R, Kesav P, Mehta S, Vyas S, Prabhakar S. Response: Facial nuclear degeneration on MRI in bulbar onset amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. QJM 2014; 107:409. [PMID: 24309763 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hct225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
|
35
|
Rajan R, Kesav P, Mehta S, Vyas S, Prabhakar S. Facial nuclear degeneration on MRI in bulbar onset amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. QJM 2013; 106:875-6. [PMID: 23681222 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hct104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
36
|
Yan EB, Johnstone VPA, Alwis DS, Morganti-Kossmann MC, Rajan R. Characterising effects of impact velocity on brain and behaviour in a model of diffuse traumatic axonal injury. Neuroscience 2013; 248:17-29. [PMID: 23735754 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Revised: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The velocity of impact between an object and the human head is a critical factor influencing brain injury outcomes but has not been explored in any detail in animal models. Here we provide a comprehensive overview of the interplay between impact velocity and injury severity in a well-established weight-drop impact acceleration (WDIA) model of diffuse brain injury in rodents. We modified the standard WDIA model to produce impact velocities of 5.4, 5.85 and 6.15 m/s while keeping constant the weight and the drop height. Gradations in impact velocity produced progressive degrees of injury severity measured behaviourally, electrophysiologically and anatomically, with the former two methods showing greater sensitivity to changes in impact velocity. There were impact velocity-dependent reductions in sensorimotor performance and in cortical depth-related depression of sensory cortex responses; however axonal injury (demonstrated by immunohistochemistry for β-amyloid precursor protein and neurofilament heavy-chain) was discernible only at the highest impact velocity. We conclude that the WDIA model is capable of producing graded axonal injury in a repeatable manner, and as such will prove useful in the study of the biomechanics, pathophysiology and potential treatment of diffuse axonal injury.
Collapse
|
37
|
Sharma A, Mittal T, Rathi M, Nada R, Rajan R, Minz R, Joshi K, Singh S, Sakhuja V. Pattern of renal involvement and its correlation with outcomes in patients with small and medium vessel vasculitis – experience from a tertiary care center in India. Presse Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lpm.2013.02.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
|
38
|
Bennett G, Rajan R, Bunt CR, Hussain MA. Microbiological assessment of four probiotic feed supplements used by the dairy industry in New Zealand. N Z Vet J 2013; 61:119-20. [DOI: 10.1080/00480169.2012.716359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
39
|
Rajan R. Jane Rajan. Assoc Med J 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.e6066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
40
|
Gupta A, Raman R, Biswas S, Rajan R, Kulothungan V, Sharma T. Association between various types of obesity and macular pigment optical density. Eye (Lond) 2012; 26:259-66. [PMID: 22222262 DOI: 10.1038/eye.2011.328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To elucidate the association between macular pigment optical density (MPOD) and various types of obesity in the South-Indian population. PATIENTS AND METHODS In total, 300 eyes of 161 healthy volunteers of South-Indian origin were studied. MPOD was measured psychophysically at 0.25°, 0.50°, 1.00°, and 1.75° eccentricities from fovea. Anthropometric measurements included waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and body mass index (BMI). Using the WHO Expert Consultation guidelines, obesity was defined based on BMI alone (BMI ≥ 23 kg/m(2)), based on WC alone (WC ≥ 90 cm for men and ≥ 80 cm for women), and based on WHR alone (≥ 0.90 for men and ≥ 0.85 for women). Isolated generalized obesity was defined as increased BMI and normal WC. Isolated abdominal obesity was defined as increased WC and normal BMI. Combined obesity was defined as increased BMI and increased WC. RESULTS Mean MPOD at all eccentricities was not significantly different between men and women. Mean MPOD values did not significantly differ in various types of obesity, when compared with the normal subjects. On subgroup analysis, in age group ≥ 60 years, mean MPOD values were significantly higher in subjects with obesity based on BMI (0.61 vs 0.41, P=0.036), obesity based on WHR (0.67 vs 0.41, P=0.007), and isolated generalized obesity (0.66 vs 0.41, P=0.045) in comparison with normal subjects at 0.25° eccentricity. CONCLUSION We found lack of an association between MPOD and obesity in the South-Indian population. A similar finding was also noted on age group- and gender-wise analyses.
Collapse
|
41
|
Mulgrew S, Khoo A, Newton RM, Rajan R, Kumar K. Pressure necrosis secondary to negative pressure dressing. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2011; 93:e27-8. [PMID: 21943441 DOI: 10.1308/147870811x580433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound complications in patients with significant co-morbidities is common; however, in our patient the problem was compounded by the inappropriate placement of negative pressure dressing.
Collapse
|
42
|
Vickers M, Samson B, Colwell B, Cripps C, Jalink D, El-Sayed S, Chen E, Porter G, Goel R, Villeneuve J, Sundaresan S, Asselah J, Biagi J, Jonker D, Dawson L, Letourneau R, Rother M, Maroun J, Thirlwell M, Hussein M, Tehfe M, Perrin N, Michaud N, Hammad N, Champion P, Rajan R, Burkes R, Barrette S, Welch S, Yarom N, Asmis T. Eastern Canadian Colorectal Cancer Consensus Conference: setting the limits of resectable disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 17:70-7. [PMID: 20651901 DOI: 10.3747/co.v17i3.610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The annual Eastern Canadian Colorectal Cancer Consensus Conference was held in Montreal, Quebec, October 22-24, 2009. Health care professionals involved in the care of patients with colorectal cancer participated in presentation and discussion sessions for the purposes of developing the recommendations presented here. This consensus statement addresses current issues in the management colorectal cancer, such as the management of hepatic and pulmonary metastases, the role of monoclonal antibodies to the epidermal growth factor receptor, and the benefits and safety of chemotherapy in elderly patients. The management of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumours and gastric cancer are also discussed.
Collapse
|
43
|
Rajan R, Natarajan R, Vijayaraghavan G. RESULTS OF TENEKTEPLASE USE IN MASSIVE PULMONARY THROMBOEMBOLISM. CLINICAL CASE. RATIONAL PHARMACOTHERAPY IN CARDIOLOGY 2011. [DOI: 10.20996/1819-6446-2011-7-1-42-48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
|
44
|
Rajan R, Irvine DRF. Severe and extensive neonatal hearing loss in cats results in auditory cortex plasticity that differentiates into two regions. Eur J Neurosci 2010; 31:1999-2013. [PMID: 20497473 DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2010.07214.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
We examined the response characteristics of primary auditory cortex (A1) neurons in adult cats partially but extensively deafened by ototoxic drugs 2-8 days after birth. The damage evoked extensive A1 topographic map reorganization as also found by others, but a novel finding was that in the majority of cats with low-frequency edges to the cochlear lesion, the area of reorganization segregated into two areas expressing the same novel frequency inputs but differentiated by neuronal sensitivity and responsiveness. Immediately adjacent to normal A1 is an approximately 1.2-mm-wide area of reorganization in which sensitivity and responsiveness to sound are similar to that in normal A1 in the same animals and in unlesioned adult animals. Extending further into deprived A1 is a more extensive area of reorganization where neurons have poorer sensitivity and responsiveness to new inputs. These two areas did not differ in response-area bandwidth and response latency. We interpret these novel changes as the cortical consequences of severe receptor organ lesions extending to low-frequency cochlear regions. We speculate that the two areas of A1 reorganization may reflect differences in the transcortical spatial distribution of thalamo-cortical and horizontal intracortical connections. Qualitatively similar changes in response properties have been seen after retinal lesions producing large areas of visual cortical reorganization, suggesting they might be a general consequence of receptor lesions that deprive large regions of cortex of normal input. These effects may have perceptual implications for the use of cochlear implants in patients with residual low-frequency hearing.
Collapse
|
45
|
Sandler HM, Hunt D, Sartor AO, Gomella LG, Hartford A, Zeitzer KL, Rajan R, Kerlin K, Michalski JM, Rosenthal SA. A phase III protocol of androgen suppression (AS) and radiation therapy (RT) versus AS and RT followed by chemotherapy with paclitaxel, estramustine, and etoposide (TEE) for localized, high-risk, prostate cancer, RTOG 9902. J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.4632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
46
|
Rajan R, Balakrishnan V, Elango E. Prevalence of Hepatitis G Virus Among Chronic Liver Disease Patients and Voluntary Blood Donors in Kerala, India. Int J Infect Dis 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2008.05.1249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
|
47
|
Letarte N, Froment D, Cossette B, Pilon D, Michel M, Deschenes L, Roy H, Bailey B, Dupont C, Rajan R. Review of utilization of trastuzumab in the adjuvant treatment of breast cancer in four university-teaching hospitals in Quebec, Canada. J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.6615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
48
|
Cainer KE, James C, Rajan R. Learning speech-in-noise discrimination in adult humans. Hear Res 2008; 238:155-64. [PMID: 18024026 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2007.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2007] [Revised: 09/26/2007] [Accepted: 10/01/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
49
|
Mazumder B, Rajan R, Khanam J, Nanda A. Flow of formulation granules through a conical hopper. Indian J Pharm Sci 2008; 70:816-21. [PMID: 21369452 PMCID: PMC3040885 DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.49133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2007] [Revised: 06/07/2008] [Accepted: 12/16/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Gravity flow characteristics of various pharmaceutical granules through static conical hoppers of different cone angles were studied. Mass flow rate depends on properties of granules and cone angles when environmental conditions such as temperature and relative humidity are kept within a fixed range. The granules were made with active pharmaceutical ingredients as per Indian pharmacopoeia with other additives like binders and diluents. Lubricants were added with the granules to observe their effects on mass flow rate. Magnesium stearate and colloidal silicon dioxide of different proportions were used as lubricants after granulation. A new dimensionally analyzed equation was developed to predict flow rate of the granules. The developed equation agreed well with the experimental data with a percentage deviation of ±10%.
Collapse
|
50
|
Bernatsky S, Joseph L, Boivin JF, Gordon C, Urowitz M, Gladman D, Fortin PR, Ginzler E, Bae SC, Barr S, Edworthy S, Isenberg D, Rahman A, Petri M, Alarcón GS, Aranow C, Dooley MA, Rajan R, Sénécal JL, Zummer M, Manzi S, Ramsey-Goldman R, Clarke AE. The relationship between cancer and medication exposures in systemic lupus erythaematosus: a case-cohort study. Ann Rheum Dis 2008; 67:74-9. [PMID: 17545189 DOI: 10.1136/ard.2006.069039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine if, in systemic lupus erythaematosus (SLE), exposure to immunosuppressive therapy (cyclophosphamide, azathioprine, methotrexate) increases cancer risk. METHODS A case-cohort study was performed within a multi-site international SLE cohort; subjects were linked to regional tumour registries to determine cancer cases occurring after entry into the cohort. We calculated the hazard ratio (HR) for cancer after exposure to an immunosuppressive drug, in models that controlled for other medications (anti-malarial drugs, systemic glucocorticoids, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), aspirin), smoking, age, sex, race/ethnicity, geographic location, calendar year, SLE duration, and lupus damage scores. In the primary analyses, exposures were treated categorically (ever/never) and as time-dependent. RESULTS Results are presented from 246 cancer cases and 538 controls without cancer. The adjusted HR for overall cancer risk after any immunosuppressive drug was 0.82 (95% CI 0.50-1.36). Age > or = 65, and the presence of non-malignancy damage were associated with overall cancer risk. For lung cancer (n = 35 cases), smoking was also a prominent risk factor. When looking at haematological cancers specifically (n = 46 cases), there was a suggestion of an increased risk after immunosuppressive drug exposures, particularly when these were lagged by a period of 5 years (adjusted HR 2.29, 95% CI 1.02-5.15). CONCLUSIONS In our SLE sample, age > or = 65, damage, and tobacco exposure were associated with cancer risk. Though immunosuppressive therapy may not be the principal driving factor for overall cancer risk, it may contribute to an increased risk of haematological malignancies. Future studies are in progress to evaluate independent influence of medication exposures and disease activity on risk of malignancy.
Collapse
|