26
|
Gribble GW, LeHoullier CS, Sibi MP, Allen RW. Synthesis and deamination of 7,12-dihydrobenz[a]anthracen-7,12-imines. A new benz[a]anthracene synthesis. J Org Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jo00210a011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
27
|
Gribble GW, Allen RW, LeHoullier CS, Eaton JT, Easton NR, Slayton RI, Sibi MP. Dichlorocarbene-induced deamination of naphthalen-1,4-imines and anthracen-9,10-imines. J Org Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jo00318a039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
28
|
Allcock HR, Brennan DJ, Allen RW. Reactions between hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene and hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane: polymerization, ring cleavage, and crosslinking. Macromolecules 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ma00144a004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
29
|
Allen RW, O'Brien JP, Allcock HR. Phosphorus-nitrogen compounds. 31. Crystal and molecular structure of a platinum-cyclophosphazene complex: cis-dichloro[octa(methylamino)cyclotetraphosphazene-N,N'']platinum(II). J Am Chem Soc 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ja00454a017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
30
|
|
31
|
Allen RW, Allcock HR. Conformational Analysis of Poly(alkoxy- and aryloxyphosphazenes). Macromolecules 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ma60054a015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
32
|
O'Brien JP, Allen RW, Allcock HR. Crystal and molecular structures of two cyclophosphazene-platinum compounds: [N4P4(CH3)8]PtIICl2.CH3CN and [H2N4P4(CH3)8]2+PtCl42-. Inorg Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ic50198a037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
33
|
Anteunis MJO, Borremans FAM, Gelan J, Marchand AP, Allen RW. Nuclear magnetic resonance studies of rigid bicyclic systems. 6. Angular dependence of vicinal nitrogen-14-proton spin couplings in bicyclic ammonium salts. J Am Chem Soc 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ja00481a011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
34
|
Allcock HR, Allen RW, O'Brien JP. Phosphorus-nitrogen compounds. 30. Synthesis of platinum derivatives of polymeric and cyclic phosphazenes. J Am Chem Soc 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ja00454a016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
35
|
Allen RW, Ward S, Harris R. Prenatal genotyping for the RhD blood group antigen: considerations in developing an accurate test. GENETIC TESTING 2001; 4:377-81. [PMID: 11216662 DOI: 10.1089/109065700750065126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Experience performing prenatal genotyping for RHD has shown that consideration must be given to developing a molecular test capable of detecting recombination/gene conversion events involving the RHD and RHCE genes that can lead to erroneous results. Out of 50 prenatal RHD tests performed over the past 5 years, four samples were encountered that gave false-positive results. In only one of the tests, incorrect results were issued to the physician. In the other three instances, the erroneous nature of the test results was revealed through the analysis of multiple regions of the RHD gene and, more importantly, because the mother, and sometimes the father, were tested in parallel with the fetus. In an extension of the observations obtained from the prenatal testing program, a large panel of RhD-negative blood donors were subjected to molecular analysis of the RHD gene. Of 1,183 donors screened, 187 were found to phenotype as RhD negative. Of the 187 donors confirmed RhD negative serologically, 22 (11.8%) were found to retain remnants of the RHD gene that, depending upon the characteristics of the molecular assay performed, could lead to a false-positive result in a genotyping assay. On the basis of the experience presented here, it is recommended that any molecular RHD assay include an analysis of multiple areas of the RHD gene so as to allow for the detection of recombination/gene conversion events between the RHD and RHCE genes. Moreover, it is strongly recommended that the mother (at a minimum) and father be subjected to molecular analysis simultaneously with the fetus to confirm that the known phenotypes of the parent(s) are consistent with their respective genotypes.
Collapse
|
36
|
Allen RW, Pritchard J, Harmon J, Floyd S. Phenotypic differences at the HUMvWA locus amplified with different STR kits. J Forensic Sci 2000; 45:1166-7. [PMID: 11005201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
|
37
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND A parentage testing laboratory was asked to perform testing in a case of sexual assault that resulted in the conception of a child. Samples submitted to the laboratory included blood from the mother, the alleged father, and the fetus. CASE REPORT DNA typing was used to determine if the suspect in this sexual assault was the father of the expected child. DNA extracted from these samples was subjected to both restriction fragment length polymorphism and polymerase chain reaction/short-tandem repeat analysis at a total of 13 genetic loci. Examination of DNA profiles for selected markers suggested that the fetus was triploid. Triploidy was confirmed through the use of fluorescent in situ hybridization of chromosomes, employing three chromosome-specific alpha satellite probes and fetal trophoblast nuclei. Statistical interpretation of the test results required identifying a method for calculation that would consider two transmitted paternal genes. Attempts to modify the standard method of calculating a paternity index were unsuccessful, because it was not possible to distinguish between dispermy and diandry as the mechanism of conception. Therefore, the likelihood ratio was calculated as the reciprocal of the random men not excluded value or the proportion of the population that possesses all of the paternal markers observed in the triploid fetus. CONCLUSION Calculation of a likelihood ratio employing the exclusionary power of a collection of DNA markers appears to be the only method suitable for assigning weight to the significance of DNA matches between an alleged father and a child who is triploid.
Collapse
|
38
|
Robbins WR, Staats PS, Levine J, Fields HL, Allen RW, Campbell JN, Pappagallo M. Treatment of intractable pain with topical large-dose capsaicin: preliminary report. Anesth Analg 1998; 86:579-83. [PMID: 9495419 DOI: 10.1097/00000539-199803000-00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Complex regional pain syndromes (CRPS) and neuropathic pain are often poorly controlled by conventional pharmacologic interventions. We administered 8-methyl-N-vanillyl-noneamide (capsaicin) at doses of 5%-10% to individuals with such disorders in this trial. Previous limitations to trials with larger-dose, topical concentrations of capsaicin included intense burning sensations experienced after application. To enable patients to tolerate the high concentrations, we first performed regional anesthesia. All patients reported at least some relief. Of 10 patients, 9 obtained substantial analgesia that lasted 1-18 wk. At Week 1 after therapy, the mean verbal analog scale (VAS) scores decreased from 8.0 to 3.0. At Week 4 after therapy, mean VAS score was 4.5. Analgesia lasted from < 1 wk (1 patient) to more than 50 wk (1 patient). Patients received one to eight treatments. With one exception, patients receiving more than one treatment obtained additional relief with subsequent treatment. Pain responsive to opioids was the only side effect of treatment. Large-dose capsaicin administered with regional anesthesia may effectively minimize refractory CRPS and neuropathic pain. A double-blind, placebo-controlled study in patients with bilateral peripheral neuropathy using epidural anesthesia with and without large-dose topical capsaicin is in progress. IMPLICATIONS Sensory neuropathies are associated with many diseases. Pain from these disorders can produce greater disability than the primary disease processes themselves. Currently available therapies are limited. However, the intermittent application of large-dose topical capsaicin may provide significant pain relief, decrease chronic analgesic dependence, and decrease aggregate health care expenditures.
Collapse
|
39
|
Tygielski AP, Allen RW, Gabris EA, Nall ME. Space product development: bringing the benefits of space down to Earth. ACTA ASTRONAUTICA 1997; 41:507-514. [PMID: 11541149 DOI: 10.1016/s0094-5765(98)00086-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In fulfilling the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) responsibility to encourage the fullest commercial use of space the Space Product Development (SPD) Program, within the Microgravity Research Program Office (MRPO) located at the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) in Huntsville, Alabama, is managing an organization of Commercial Space Centers (CSC's) that have successfully employed methods for encouraging private industries to exploit the benefits of space-based research. Unique research opportunities of the space environment are being made available to private industry in an effort to develop new, competitive products; create jobs; and enhance the country's quality of life. Over 200 commercial research activities have been conducted in space by the CSC's and their industrial partners during the last several years. The success of this research is evidenced by the increasing amount of industrial participation in commercial microgravity research and the potential products nearing marketability.
Collapse
|
40
|
Bunting HE, Allen RW. Prolonged muscle weakness following emergency tonsillectomy in a patient with familial periodic paralysis and infectious mononucleosis. Paediatr Anaesth 1997; 7:171-5. [PMID: 9188121 DOI: 10.1046/j.1460-9592.1997.d01-48.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A thirteen-year-old girl with normokalaemic familial periodic paralysis (FPP) suffered life threatening upper airway obstruction secondary to tonsillopharyngitis resulting from infectious mononucleosis (IM). Emergency tonsillectomy was performed, but her postoperative course was complicated by persistent muscle weakness requiring a very prolonged period of artificial ventilation.
Collapse
|
41
|
Allen RW, Harnsberger HR, Shelton C, King B, Bell DA, Miller R, Parkin JL, Apfelbaum RI, Parker D. Low-cost high-resolution fast spin-echo MR of acoustic schwannoma: an alternative to enhanced conventional spin-echo MR? AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1996; 17:1205-10. [PMID: 8871700 PMCID: PMC8338512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine whether unenhanced high-resolution T2-weighted fast spin-echo MR imaging provides an acceptable and less expensive alternative to contrast-enhanced conventional T1-weighted spin-echo MR techniques in the diagnosis of acoustic schwannoma. METHODS We reviewed in a blinded fashion the records of 25 patients with pathologically documented acoustic schwannoma and of 25 control subjects, all of whom had undergone both enhanced conventional spin-echo MR imaging and unenhanced fast spin-echo MR imaging of the cerebellopontine angle/internal auditory canal region. The patients were imaged with the use of a quadrature head receiver coil for the conventional spin-echo sequences and dual 3-inch phased-array receiver coils for the fast spin-echo sequences. RESULTS The size of the acoustic schwannomas ranged from 2 to 40 mm in maximum dimension. The mean maximum diameter was 12 mm, and 12 neoplasms were less than 10 mm in diameter. Acoustic schwannoma was correctly diagnosed on 98% of the fast spin-echo images and on 100% of the enhanced conventional spin-echo images. Statistical analysis of the data using the kappa coefficient demonstrated agreement beyond chance between these two imaging techniques for the diagnosis of acoustic schwannoma. CONCLUSIONS There is no statistically significant difference in the sensitivity and specificity of unenhanced high-resolution fast spin-echo imaging and enhance T1-weighted conventional spin-echo imaging in the detection of acoustic schwannoma. We believe that the unenhanced high-resolution fast spin-echo technique provides a cost-effective method for the diagnosis of acoustic schwannoma.
Collapse
|
42
|
Kelly MC, McGuigan JA, Allen RW. Relief of tension subcutaneous emphysema using a large bore subcutaneous drain. Anaesthesia 1995; 50:1077-9. [PMID: 8546291 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.1995.tb05955.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
We report a case of subcutaneous emphysema following multiple attempts to cannulate both subclavian veins for pacemaker insertion. Initial bilateral pneumothoraces were complicated by subcutaneous emphysema which became so severe that respiration and cardiac output became seriously impaired. The insertion of a single large bore subcutaneous drain produced a dramatic improvement. The aetiology, complications and management of tension subcutaneous emphysema are discussed.
Collapse
|
43
|
Bennett T, Deluca DA, Allen RW. Religion and children with disabilities. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 1995; 34:301-312. [PMID: 24264479 DOI: 10.1007/bf02248739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Religion as a personal coping resource used by parents of infants and toddlers with disabilities has received some attention in recent literature. This exploratory study involved indepth interviews of 12 parents who had children with disabilities ranging in age from 15 months to 30 years. The ways in which religion can be used as a coping resource across the life-cycle are exemplified through excerpts from these interviews. Prayer, church attendance, and specific religious beliefs were identified as sources of support which helped some parents feel a growing sense of hope and strength. Suggestions for future research are discussed.
Collapse
|
44
|
|
45
|
Allen RW, Sanford-Sharp CE. Single-base substitutions give rise to a five-banded DNA profile at the D10S28 locus. Transfusion 1994; 34:412-4. [PMID: 8191566 DOI: 10.1046/j.1537-2995.1994.34594249053.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND DNA profiles from variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) loci typically are composed of two bands, one derived from each member of the homologous pair of chromosomes. DNA profiles composed of more than two bands result from mutations, and the question arises as to the mechanism underlying these unusual multi-banded DNA profiles. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS An alleged father in a paternity test was found to have a five-banded DNA profile at the D10S28 locus when his DNA was subjected to single-locus restriction fragment length polymorphism mapping with the restriction enzyme Pvu II. RESULTS Several results suggest that this complex DNA profile is the result of several single-base changes within the VNTR locus. First, there was no evidence of partial digestion of the DNA with Pvu II. Furthermore, the multi-banded allele happened, in this case, to be transmitted to the child, who also showed a five-banded pattern composed of four bands inherited from the alleged father and one band inherited from the mother. Second, digestion of this DNA with Hae III resulted in the visualization of just two bands at the D10S28 locus. CONCLUSION The results confirm the notion that mutations at VNTR loci are not always the result of additions or deletions of tandem repeats, but that they can also involve single-base substitutions either within or flanking VNTR loci that give rise to atypical DNA profiles and new alleles at the locus.
Collapse
|
46
|
Kettleborough CA, Ansell KH, Allen RW, Rosell-Vives E, Güssow DH, Bendig MM. Isolation of tumor cell-specific single-chain Fv from immunized mice using phage-antibody libraries and the re-construction of whole antibodies from these antibody fragments. Eur J Immunol 1994; 24:952-8. [PMID: 8149964 DOI: 10.1002/eji.1830240426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Enhanced expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) occurs on a variety of malignant tissues thus making anti-EGFR antibodies possible agents for the diagnosis and therapy of human tumors. Standard hybridoma technology has been used successfully to isolate anti-EGFR antibodies from immunized mice and rats. This report demonstrates that phage-antibody libraries are an alternative, and more versatile, method for isolating antibodies from immunized mice. Anti-EGFR antibodies were isolated from phage-antibody libraries constructed not only from the spleen of an immunized mouse but also from the draining lymph node of an immunized mouse and from in vitro immunized mouse cells. Two of the single-chain Fv isolated from the phage-antibody libraries were engineered to create partially humanized whole antibody molecules.
Collapse
|
47
|
O'Hanlon J, Allen RW. Inadvertent spinal block during epidural analgesia in an anaesthetized patient. Eur J Anaesthesiol 1994; 11:135-8. [PMID: 8174535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
|
48
|
Hillard AE, Allen RW, Beale G. Metastatic choriocarcinoma: correlation of MRI, CT, and angiography. South Med J 1993; 86:1299-302. [PMID: 8235792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
We have described a 46-year-old woman with metastatic choriocarcinoma, anemia, and a liver mass. She subsequently had widespread metastatic disease and died despite chemotherapy. Without an antecedent history of pregnancy, her clinical presentation posed a diagnostic dilemma. This case emphasizes the importance of including choriocarcinoma in the differential diagnosis of liver masses in women of childbearing age and of correlating CT, MRI, and angiographic findings.
Collapse
|
49
|
Abstract
Twenty-five patients underwent epidural anaesthesia with a new formulation of chloroprocaine 3% (1.0-1.5 ml x 10 cm body height-1) for a variety of day procedures. The mean (range) duration of surgery was 17 (5-35) min. The mean (range) time taken to establish maximal block was 16 (15-21) min and the mean (range) time to ambulation was 78 (55-95) min after administration of chloroprocaine. Twenty-three patients experienced a decrease in systolic arterial blood pressure of up to 15% of baseline values with another two decreasing by up to 25%. Two patients complained of severe backache immediately after operation and a further 16 and four patients reported mild or moderate backache respectively. Operating conditions were excellent in all but one patient and 23 patients said they would be happy to have the same anaesthetic again.
Collapse
|
50
|
Krane DE, Allen RW, Sawyer SA, Petrov DA, Hartl DL. Genetic differences at four DNA typing loci in Finnish, Italian, and mixed Caucasian populations. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1992; 89:10583-7. [PMID: 1438254 PMCID: PMC50385 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.89.22.10583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Highly polymorphic segments of the human genome containing variable numbers of tandem repeats (VNTRs) have been widely used to establish DNA profiles of individuals for use in forensics. Methods of estimating the probability of occurrence of matching DNA profiles between two randomly selected individuals have been subject to extensive debate regarding the possibility of significant substructure occurring within the major races. We have sampled two Caucasian subpopulations, Finns and Italians, at four commonly used VNTR loci to determine the extent to which the subgroups differ from each other and from a mixed Caucasian database. The data were also analyzed for the occurrence of linkage disequilibrium among the loci. The allele frequency distributions of some loci were found to differ significantly among the subpopulations in a manner consistent with population substructure. Major differences were also found in the probability of occurrence of matching DNA profiles between two individuals chosen at random from the same subpopulation. With respect to the Finnish and Italian subpopulations, the conventional product rule for estimating the probability of a multilocus VNTR match using a mixed Caucasian database consistently yields estimates that are artificially small. Systematic errors of this type were not found using the interim ceiling principle recently advocated in the National Research Council's report [National Research Council (1992) DNA Technology in Forensic Science (Natl. Acad. Sci., Washington)]. The interim ceiling principle is based on currently available racial or ethnic databases and sets an arbitrary lower limit on each VNTR allele frequency. In the future the ceiling frequencies are expected to be established from more adequate data acquired for relevant VNTR loci from multiple subpopulations.
Collapse
|