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Rogers A, Horst M, Rittenhouse K, To T, Gibson S, Schwab CW, Rogers F. Urban versus rural trauma recidivism: is there a difference? Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2016; 40:701-6. [PMID: 26814785 DOI: 10.1007/s00068-013-0355-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Understanding the characteristics of trauma recidivists may allow trauma centers to tailor prevention programs. We hypothesized that there would be an increased incidence of violent injuries and falls in the urban vs. rural recidivists, respectively. METHODS Trauma admissions from 2000 to 2011 were queried for incidences of recidivism. Age (<65 or ≥65 years), gender, Injury Severity Score (ISS, <9 or ≥9), mortality, and injury cause (fall, violence, or other) were analyzed with univariate analyses to test for differences between urban and rural patients. Significant variables were then included in a binary logistic model and further stratified based on environment. RESULTS There were a total of 19,600 trauma admissions from 2000 to 2011, representing 18,711 unique patients, with 1,690 admissions (8.6 %) attributed to 801 recidivists (4.3 %). The overall percentages of recidivist trauma admissions attributed to urban and rural patients were 8.6 and 6.9 %, respectively (p < 0.001). When adjusting for age ≥65 years as well as falls and violent injuries, patients from urban environments were at 1.12 times higher odds of being a recidivist than their rural counterparts [odds ratio (OR) 1.12; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.01-1.25; p = 0.039]. When stratified into rural and urban groups, falls and violent injuries were significant in both groups of recidivist admissions; however, age ≥65 years was only significant in rural recidivist admissions. CONCLUSION An urban trauma admission had 12 % higher odds of being attributed to a recidivist than its rural counterpart, when controlling for age and mechanism of injury (MOI). Age ≥65 years was a significant variable in rural but not urban recidivist admissions. Characterizing the recidivist may allow for targeted prevention and intervention programs to decrease repeat hospital visits.
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Gibson S. Maritime Radiology on Operation GRITROCK. JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL NAVAL MEDICAL SERVICE 2016; 102:12-13. [PMID: 29984972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
RFA ARGUS deployed on Operation (Op) GRITROCK between Oct 2014 and Apr 2015 to provide support to the United Kingdom (UK) response to the Ebola crisis. This article describes the radiology capability on board ARGUS within the Primary Casualty Receiving Facility (PCRF).
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Burr S, Chatterjee A, Gibson S, Coombes L, Wilkinson S. Key Points to Facilitate the Adoption of Computer-Based Assessments. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL EDUCATION AND CURRICULAR DEVELOPMENT 2016; 3:JMECD.S20379. [PMID: 29349322 PMCID: PMC5736289 DOI: 10.4137/jmecd.s20379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
There are strong pedagogical arguments in favor of adopting computer-based assessment. The risks of technical failure can be managed and are offset by improvements in cost-effectiveness and quality assurance capability. Academic, administrative, and technical leads at an appropriately senior level within an institution need to be identified, so that they can act as effective advocates. All stakeholder groups need to be represented in undertaking a detailed appraisal of requirements and shortlisting software based on core functionality, summative assessment life cycle needs, external compatibility, security, and usability. Any software that is a candidate for adoption should be trialed under simulated summative conditions, with all stakeholders having a voice in agreeing the optimum solution. Transfer to a new system should be carefully planned and communicated, with a programme of training established to maximize the success of adoption.
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Morgan T, Gibson S, Bonaldo A, Storlarik A, Macdonald S. YOUNG ADULTS COPING WITH A LEFT VENTRICULAR ASSIST DEVICE: A CASE STUDY. Can J Cardiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2015.07.670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Gibson S. Book Review: Pain: The person, the science, the clinical interface. Anaesth Intensive Care 2015. [DOI: 10.1177/0310057x1504300518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Spiliopoulou P, Gibson S, Davidson R, Glasspool R, McNeish I. 2770 Routine germline BRCA testing in serous ovarian cancer: The West of Scotland experience. Eur J Cancer 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)31536-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Gibson S, Francis L. An analysis of potato consumption habits and diet quality among adults and children in the
UK. NUTR BULL 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Ahamed S, Anpalahan M, Savvas S, Gibson S, Torres J, Janus E. Hyponatraemia in older medical patients: implications for falls and adverse outcomes of hospitalisation. Intern Med J 2015; 44:991-7. [PMID: 25039672 DOI: 10.1111/imj.12535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent evidence suggests an association between hyponatraemia and falls. AIMS To determine the association of hyponatraemia with admission-associated falls (i.e. falls as part of the presenting complaint or during admission) and predefined adverse outcomes of hospitalisation. METHODS A case-control study of patients aged ≥65 years admitted with hyponatraemia during a 6-month period was conducted. The relevant data were collected by review of medical records and analysed in univariate and multivariate models. RESULTS The prevalence of hyponatraemia was 22% and more likely to be associated with the admission diagnoses of cardiovascular (P = 0.04) and metabolic disorders (P < 0.001), use of diuretics (P = 0.037) and a higher Charlson comorbidity score (P = 0.035). Hyponatraemia was independently associated with admission-associated falls (odds ratio (OR) 3.12, confidence interval (CI) 1.84-4.38, P < 0.001). The increased odds of falling were similar for mild (OR 3.15, CI 1.75-5.66) vs moderate to severe hyponatraemia (OR 3.07, CI 1.57-6.03). Although hyponatraemia had a significant independent association with increased length of stay (LOS) (OR 1.48, CI 1.22-1.79, P < 0.001) and change in residential care status to a more dependent category at discharge (OR 4.28, CI 1.68-10.859, P = 0.002), it was not associated with mortality or time to first unplanned readmission. Hyponatraemia was significantly associated with the need for inpatient rehabilitation; however, this was no longer significant when adjusted for falls. CONCLUSION Hyponatraemia is independently associated with increased risk of admission-associated falls. The degree of falls risk is similar regardless of the severity of hyponatraemia. Hyponatraemia is also an important determinant of many adverse outcomes of hospitalisation.
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Gibson S, Drewnowski A, Hill J, Raben AB, Tuorila H, Widström E. Consensus statement on benefits of low‐calorie sweeteners. NUTR BULL 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Gibson S, Sidnell A. Nutrient adequacy and imbalance among young children aged 1-3 years in the UK. NUTR BULL 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Gibson S, Hezelgrave NL, Shennan AH. Management of vasa praevia: A potential role for cervical length and quantitative fetal fibronectin measurement. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2013; 33:905-6. [DOI: 10.3109/01443615.2013.834309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Gibson S, Kurilich AC. The nutritional value of potatoes and potato products in the
UK
diet. NUTR BULL 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Baker M, Stallard J, Gibson S. A PILOT PROJECT TARGETING FREQUENT ATTENDERS AT THE EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT WITH MEDICALLY UNEXPLAINED SYMPTOMS. Emerg Med J 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/emermed-2013-203113.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Gibson S, Green J. Review of patients' experiences with fungating wounds and associated quality of life. J Wound Care 2013; 22:265-6, 268, 270-2, passim. [PMID: 23702724 DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2013.22.5.265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the evidence exploring the experiences of patients with fungating wounds and associated quality of life, and to subsequently provide recommendations to how these implications may be addressed in practice. METHOD Using a systematic approach, a comprehensive literature search was conducted to investigate the most appropriate and relevant evidence regarding the experiences of patients with fungating wounds. RESULTS Studies unveiled the enormity of the unrelenting, unique and devastating consequences that these wounds have on an individual’s life and that every domain of their life is negatively affected. CONCLUSION These findings must galvanise nurses to become aware of the extent of the devastation experienced and aspects of life affected by these wounds. The issues raised have multifaceted and challenging implications for practice; however, all aspects need to be addressed and satisfied in an attempt to improve the quality of life of individuals with fungating wounds.
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Harland JI, Buttriss J, Gibson S. Achievingeatwell platerecommendations: is this a route to improving both sustainability and healthy eating? NUTR BULL 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-3010.2012.01988.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Herlihy D, Samarawickrama A, Gibson S, Taylor C, O'Flynn D. HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder: rate of referral for neurorehabilitation and psychiatric co-morbidity. Int J STD AIDS 2012; 23:285-6. [PMID: 22581955 DOI: 10.1258/ijsa.2009.009379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Despite advances in antiretroviral therapy, HIV-infected patients continue to present with HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) which may be associated with significant psychiatric co-morbidity. We audited our patients with HAND referred for psychiatric assessment against the National Service Framework guidelines that they should receive neurorehabilitation. We found that despite these patients posing a risk to themselves and others due to poor insight and medication adherence, high rates of psychiatric co-morbidity and severely challenging behaviour, few were referred for neurorehabilitation. We recommend that clear referral pathways for psychiatric intervention and neurorehabilitation are established in HIV treatment centres.
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Gibson S, Figueroa K, Bromberg M, Pulst S, Cannon-Albright L. Evidence for a Genetic Contribution to ALS Mortality in a Population-Based Resource (P01.093). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.p01.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Ashwell M, Gunn P, Gibson S. Waist-to-height ratio is a better screening tool than waist circumference and BMI for adult cardiometabolic risk factors: systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev 2012; 13:275-86. [PMID: 22106927 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-789x.2011.00952.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1129] [Impact Index Per Article: 94.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Our aim was to differentiate the screening potential of waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and waist circumference (WC) for adult cardiometabolic risk in people of different nationalities and to compare both with body mass index (BMI). We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies that used receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves for assessing the discriminatory power of anthropometric indices in distinguishing adults with hypertension, type-2 diabetes, dyslipidaemia, metabolic syndrome and general cardiovascular outcomes (CVD). Thirty one papers met the inclusion criteria. Using data on all outcomes, averaged within study group, WHtR had significantly greater discriminatory power compared with BMI. Compared with BMI, WC improved discrimination of adverse outcomes by 3% (P < 0.05) and WHtR improved discrimination by 4-5% over BMI (P < 0.01). Most importantly, statistical analysis of the within-study difference in AUC showed WHtR to be significantly better than WC for diabetes, hypertension, CVD and all outcomes (P < 0.005) in men and women. For the first time, robust statistical evidence from studies involving more than 300 000 adults in several ethnic groups, shows the superiority of WHtR over WC and BMI for detecting cardiometabolic risk factors in both sexes. Waist-to-height ratio should therefore be considered as a screening tool.
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Stanley B, Gibson S. Audit of receptionists' records of symptoms and concurrence with clinician consultation: data collected for the Department of Health. Int J STD AIDS 2011; 22:684-5. [PMID: 22096058 DOI: 10.1258/ijsa.2009.009444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Audit of reliability of data collected by genitourinary (GU) medicine reception staff in north Cumbria for Department of Health mandatory returns suggests that receptionist-logged presence or absence of symptoms does not concur well with subsequent symptom disclosure to clinicians during consultations, even after the use of patient-completed symptom-specific questionnaires. Triage or fast-tracking based upon symptoms in order to select those at risk of sexually transmitted infection (STI) is likely to fail for a significant proportion of patients. Department of Health symptoms data need to be interpreted with caution.
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Schulman C, Gibson S, Crookes B, De Moya M, Inaba K, Lopez P, Esposito T, Graygo J. Identifying Gaps In Surgical Resident Education: A Multi-Site Survey. J Surg Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2010.11.835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Gibson S. BookReview: Pharmacology of Pain. Anaesth Intensive Care 2010. [DOI: 10.1177/0310057x1003800532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Wallace AM, Gibson S, de la Hunty A, Lamberg-Allardt C, Ashwell M. Measurement of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the clinical laboratory: current procedures, performance characteristics and limitations. Steroids 2010; 75:477-88. [PMID: 20188118 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2010.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2009] [Revised: 02/15/2010] [Accepted: 02/16/2010] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In this review we describe procedures, performance characteristics and limitations of methods available for the measurement of 25-hydroxyvitamin (25OHD) since the year 2000. The two main types of methods are competitive immunoassay and those based on chromatographic separation followed by non-immunological direct detection (HPLC, LC-MS/MS). Lack of a reference standard for 25OHD has, until recently, been a major issue resulting in poor between-method comparability. Fortunately this should soon improve due to the recent introduction of a standard reference material in human serum (SRM 972) from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). For immunoassay, specificity can be an issue especially in relation to the proportion of 25OHD2 that is quantified whereas HPLC and LC-MS/MS methods are able to measure the two major vitamin D metabolites 25OHD2 and 25OHD3 independently. HPLC and LC-MS/MS require more expensive equipment and expert staff but this can be offset against lower reagent costs. Increasingly procedures are being developed to semi-automate or automate HPLC and LC-MS/MS but run times remain considerably longer than for immunoassays especially if performed on automated platforms. For most HPLC and LC-MS/MS methods extraction and procedural losses are corrected for by the inclusion of an internal standard which, in part, may account for higher results compared to immunoassay. In general precision of immunoassay, HPLC and LC-MS/MS are comparable and all have the required sensitivity to identify severe vitamin D deficiency. Looking to the future it is hoped that the imminent introduction of a standard reference method (or methods) for 25OHD will further accelerate improvements in between method comparability.
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Dawe DE, Yoon J, Gibson S, Johnston JB. Serum interleukin-6, cardiovascular disease, and mortality in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.6581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Gibson S. Trends in energy and sugar intakes and body mass index between 1983 and 1997 among children in Great Britain. J Hum Nutr Diet 2010; 23:371-81. [PMID: 20337846 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-277x.2010.01059.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been suggested that rising obesity among children is partly attributable to sugary foods and soft drinks driving an increase in energy intake (EI). Yet historical data on sugar intake are sparse. The present study calculated total sugar intake de novo among 3296 children aged 10-11 and 14-15 years in 1983 and compared EI, macronutrients and sugar sources with data from 459 children of same age in the 1997 National Diet and Nutrition Survey. METHODS Secondary analysis of 7-day weighed diet records and anthropometric data from two British surveys. Compositional data on sugars applied to individual food codes to calculate sugar intake and sources for 1983. Trends examined before/after adjustment for low/high energy reporting (LHER) defined as EI : basal metabolic rate <1.16 or >2.65. RESULTS Mean EI (kJ day(-1)) was 7% lower in 1997 than in 1983, mainly as a result of lower fat intake. After excluding LHER, mean EI was 3% lower in 1997. Mean body mass index (BMI) increased by 0.7-1 kg m(-2) (2-3 kg). Total sugar intake averaged 115 g day(-1) in 1983 and 113 g day(-1) in 1997 (122 versus 127 g day(-1) excluding LHER, P = 0.08). Excluding LHER, fat energy was lower in 1997 (35.4% versus 37.8%) and sugars slightly higher (23.6% versus 22.3%). Sugar sources showed a marked shift away from table sugar with smaller falls in milk, biscuits and cakes, counterbalanced by an significant increase in sugar from soft drinks and, to a lesser extent, fruit juice and breakfast cereals. CONCLUSIONS Although the study design precludes drawing causal inferences regarding nutrient intake and obesity, a higher prevalence of under-reporting and lower levels of physical activity in 1997 could explain the paradox of lower reported EI and rising BMI.
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