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Nagaraj S, Sharma V, Joshi P, Dholaria H, Gondalia TP, Udani V, Balakrishnan C. P59 Juvenile dermatomyositis: a case series of six patients. INDIAN JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0973-3698(11)60169-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
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Nagaraj S, Joshi PN, Mangat G, Kothari J, Gupta S, Balakrishnan C. P79 Peripheral lung sparing: an important CT sign in diffuse pulmonary haemorrhage. INDIAN JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0973-3698(11)60189-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Sharma V, Nagaraj S, Samant R, Mangat G, Balakrishnan C, Joshi VR. P41 Takayasu's arteritis at diagnosis: a 10-year single centre study from western India. INDIAN JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0973-3698(11)60151-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Sharma V, Nagaraj S, Choksey U, Hegde A, Samant R, Balakrishnan C. Bisphosphonate-induced osteonecrosis of the jaw. THE JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF PHYSICIANS OF INDIA 2011; 59:516-517. [PMID: 21887911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Bisphosphonates are routinely used in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Osteonecrosis of the jaw is known to be an important but rare complication of bisphosphonate usage. We present our experience with two patients of osteonecrosis of the jaw due to bisphosphonate usage.
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Nagaraj S, Natarajan V. Relation-Aware Isosurface Extraction in Multifield Data. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VISUALIZATION AND COMPUTER GRAPHICS 2011; 17:182-191. [PMID: 20421685 DOI: 10.1109/tvcg.2010.64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We introduce a variation density function that profiles the relationship between multiple scalar fields over isosurfaces of a given scalar field. This profile serves as a valuable tool for multifield data exploration because it provides the user with cues to identify interesting isovalues of scalar fields. Existing isosurface-based techniques for scalar data exploration like Reeb graphs, contour spectra, isosurface statistics, etc., study a scalar field in isolation. We argue that the identification of interesting isovalues in a multifield data set should necessarily be based on the interaction between the different fields. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach by applying it to explore data from a wide variety of applications.
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Purushothaman S, Prasanna R, Niranjana P, Raghunathan R, Nagaraj S, Rengasamy R. Stereoselective synthesis of hexahydro-3-methyl-1-arylchromeno[3,4-b]pyrrole and its annulated heterocycles as potent antimicrobial agents for human pathogens. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:7288-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.10.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2010] [Revised: 09/24/2010] [Accepted: 10/15/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Nagaraj S, Sharma V, Balakrishnan C, Soman R. P31 Fungal infections in rheumatic diseases: experience with 4 patients. INDIAN JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s0973-3698(10)60646-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Sharma V, Nagaraj S, Sunil S, Balakrishnan C. P60 Andersson's lesion in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a retrospective study. INDIAN JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s0973-3698(10)60674-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Sharma V, Nagaraj S, Samant R. P30 Plasma dyscrasias and inflammatory arthritis: not so uncommon association. INDIAN JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s0973-3698(10)60645-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Chatterjee O, Taylor LA, Ahmed S, Nagaraj S, Hall JJ, Finckbeiner SM, Chan PS, Suda N, King JT, Zeeman ML, McCobb DP. Social stress alters expression of large conductance calcium-activated potassium channel subunits in mouse adrenal medulla and pituitary glands. J Neuroendocrinol 2009; 21:167-76. [PMID: 19207824 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2826.2009.01823.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Large conductance calcium-activated potassium (BK) channels are very prominently expressed in adrenal chromaffin and many anterior pituitary cells, where they shape intrinsic excitability complexly. Stress- and sex-steroids regulate alternative splicing of Slo-alpha, the pore-forming subunit of BK channels, and chronic behavioural stress has been shown to alter Slo splicing in tree shrew adrenals. In the present study, we focus on mice, measuring the effects of chronic behavioural stress on total mRNA expression of the Slo-alpha gene, two key BK channel beta subunit genes (beta2 and beta4), and the 'STREX' splice variant of Slo-alpha. As a chronic stressor, males of the relatively aggressive SJL strain were housed with a different unfamiliar SJL male every 24 h for 19 days. This 'social-instability' paradigm stressed all individuals, as demonstrated by reduced weight gain and elevated corticosterone levels. Five quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain assays were performed in parallel, including beta-actin, each calibrated against a dilution series of its corresponding cDNA template. Stress-related changes in BK expression were larger in mice tested at 6 weeks than 9 weeks. In younger animals, Slo-alpha mRNA levels were elevated 44% and 116% in the adrenal medulla and pituitary, respectively, compared to individually-housed controls. beta2 and beta4 mRNAs were elevated 162% and 194% in the pituitary, but slightly reduced in the adrenals of stressed animals. In the pituitary, dominance scores of stressed animals correlated negatively with alpha and beta subunit expression, with more subordinate individuals exhibiting levels that were three- to four-fold higher than controls or dominant individuals. STREX variant representation was lower in the subordinate subset. Thus, the combination of subunits responding to stress differs markedly between adrenal and pituitary glands. These data suggest that early stress will differentially affect neuroendocrine cell excitability, and call for detailed analysis of functional consequences.
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Nagaraj S, Davies SW. Inverting amplifier genetic circuit performance. CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS : ... ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL CONFERENCE 2008; 2006:3142-5. [PMID: 17947009 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2006.259377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A synthetic genetic circuit has been designed whose topology and function echo those of an electronic inverting amplifier. Several variants of this circuit have been built in our laboratory. This paper reports on the testing of one of these variants and contributes to the field both in terms of evaluating the specific amplifier performance and in terms of providing a methodology for performance evaluation of analog genetic circuits. An input source was created and partially calibrated. It was then used to test the circuit through both fluorometer measurements and flow cytometry. In the discussion, consideration is given to cellular loading by the synthetic circuits and the resulting impact on circuit performance. Models developed earlier are compared with the experimental results. The circuit does indeed perform as an inverting amplifier.
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Katz L, Nauriyal V, Nagaraj S, Finch A, Sproule C, Farrel A, Rich P, IR Research Group. Infrared Imaging for Detection of Compartment Syndrome. Acad Emerg Med 2007. [DOI: 10.1197/j.aem.2007.03.805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Nagaraj S, Ziske C, Strehl J, Messmer D, Sauerbruch T, Schmidt-Wolf IGH. Dendritic cells pulsed with alpha-galactosylceramide induce anti-tumor immunity against pancreatic cancer in vivo. Int Immunol 2006; 18:1279-83. [PMID: 16772371 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxl059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ductal pancreatic adenocarcinoma is the fourth leading cause of cancer death in the Western world. Unfortunately, recent advances in diagnostics, staging and therapy have not resulted in significant improvements. Thus, new approaches are necessary to improve the outcome of patients with exocrine pancreatic cancer. We tested triggering of specific T lymphocytes in vivo by using the immunocompetent mouse strain C57BL/6. In the present study, we tried to enhance the anti-tumor effect against pancreatic carcinoma by supplementary triggering of NKT cells in vivo. We challenged Panc02 tumor-bearing mice by intratumoral vaccination with alpha-galactosylceramide (alpha-GalCer)-loaded dendritic cells (DCs). A significant expansion of IFNgamma-producing NKT cells was observed which also correlated with decrease in tumor growth in vivo. Hence, DCs loaded with alpha-GalCer could lead to a novel treatment option for patients with pancreatic cancer.
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Selvan MS, Ross MW, Nagaraj S, Etzel CJ, Shete S. Perception among upper middle class adolescent in Bombay regarding sex and sexuality. Indian J Public Health 2005; 49:250-1. [PMID: 16479912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The study was carried out among the adolescents in respect to their beliefs about sexual behavior and their intended decision with regard to engaging in sexual activity. Both male and female respondents indicated that they believe that individuals of their age should wait until they are older before engaging in sexual activity. However, there were significant differences between the responses of male and female adolescents.
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Nagaraj S, Ziske C, Schmidt-Wolf IGH. Dendritic cell, the immunotherapeutic cell for cancer. Indian J Med Res 2004; 119:133-8. [PMID: 15147117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells play an important role in the development of effective cancer vaccines. These cells have the potential to present tumour-specific antigens and thereby induce an immune response. Various studies involving clinical trials have investigated the efficacy of administering antigen-loaded dendritic cells for cancer therapy. In order to design such experiments it is important to consider specific antigens, which initiate either a CD4+ or CD8+ response or both. The present review discusses the unique properties of dendritic cells as an immunotherapeutic cell for cancer.
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Nagaraj S, Raghavan R, Macaden R, Kurpad AV. Intestinal parasitic infection and total serum IgG in asymptomatic adult males in an urban slum and efficacy of antiparasitic therapy. Indian J Med Microbiol 2004; 22:54-6. [PMID: 17642688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Malnutrition is thought to potentiate the polyclonal stimulation of IgE by parasites. This diminishes immunity due to the decrease in specific anti-parasitic IgE. Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in chronically undernourished, asymptomatic adult males from a slum and efficacy of anti-parasitic therapy and its effect on total serum IgE were evaluated. Stool specimens from 51 subjects were examined. Anti-helminth and anti-protozoan therapy consisted of oral, single dose albendazole (400mg) and tinidazole (2g) respectively. Total serum IgE was measured. 23 (45.1%) subjects were positive. Albendazole and tinidazole cleared intestinal parasites but had no significant effect on total serum IgE levels.
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Nagaraj S, Raghavan R, Macaden R, Kurpad AV. INTESTINAL PARASITIC INFECTION AND TOTAL SERUM IgE IN ASYMPTOMATIC ADULT MALES IN AN URBAN SLUM AND EFFICACY OF ANTIPARASITIC THERAPY. Indian J Med Microbiol 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s0255-0857(21)02953-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Murthy NS, Nagaraj S. A note on the Franck-Condon factors andr-centroids of the CrO (A X) band system. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1088/0370-1328/84/5/120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Nagaraj S, Karnes HT. Visible diode laser induced fluorescence detection of doxorubicin in plasma using pressurized capillary electrochromatography. Biomed Chromatogr 2000; 14:234-42. [PMID: 10861734 DOI: 10.1002/1099-0801(200006)14:4<234::aid-bmc973>3.0.co;2-s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Pressurized capillary electrochromatography is a variant of capillary electrochromatography (CEC) in which the driving force is both electroosmotic and hydraulic. The inlet of the CEC capillary is pressurized using an HPLC pump, and an electric field is simultaneously applied. This work describes a method for the analysis of doxorubicin. Doxorubicin was reacted with Cy5.29.OSu in acetonitrile. The derivative was confirmed by RP-TLC. A CEC system equipped with a VDLIF detector was constructed and used to analyze the derivative. The reaction mixture was injected onto a capillary packed in-house with 3 microm C-18 Luna particles and separation was carried out at 25 kV using 70% acetonitrile/ 30% phosphate (10 mM, pH = 4.8) as the mobile phase. The derivatization reaction was optimized by the investigation of parameters such as reaction time, temperature and concentration of label in order to increase the yield of the derivative. The optimal conditions were determined to be 30 min, 80 degrees C and 50 nmol/mL, respectively. Doxorubicin was extracted from plasma using solid-phase extraction under alkaline conditions, derivatized and injected onto the CEC-VDLIF system. The selectivity of the assay was demonstrated by a lack of interfering peaks due to plasma constituents across the elution window of the derivative peak in blank plasma extracts (n = 6 sources). The limit of detection (LOD) of the assay in plasma calculated as 3 s(b)/m was determined to be 1.7 ng/mL. The precision of the assay determined at a concentration of 167.7 ng/mL (n = 5) was found to be within 7.04 %RSD.
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Nagaraj S, Rahavendran SV, Karnes HT. Visible diode laser induced fluorescence detection for capillary electrophoretic analysis of amantadine in human plasma following precolumn derivatization with Cy5.29.OSu. J Pharm Biomed Anal 1998; 18:411-20. [PMID: 10096835 DOI: 10.1016/s0731-7085(98)00054-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Visible diode laser induced fluorescence (VDLIF) detection (620-700 nm) has become important in bioanalysis due to the increased sensitivity and selectivity that can be achieved in biological matrices. A selective and sensitive capillary electrophoretic method employing VDLIF detection has been developed for the analysis of amantadine in plasma. Amantadine was extracted from plasma into toluene under alkaline conditions and the residue was derivatized with the far-red label Cy5.29.OSu. The reaction mixture was dried under nitrogen, reconstituted and then injected onto a laboratory constructed capillary electrophoresis system equipped with a laboratory constructed visible diode laser detector temperature tuned to oscillate at 647.8 nm. The selectivity of the technique was evaluated by demonstrating a lack of interfering peaks in extracts of blank plasma. A calibration curve ranging from 1.8 to 461.1 ng ml(-1) was shown to be linear. The precision and accuracy of the assay (n = 6) were determined to be within 17% R.S.D. and 15% difference from the nominal concentration respectively. The limits of detection for unextracted amantadine and for amantadine from the extracted concentrate from plasma were determined to be 9.5 fmol and 115 amol respectively.
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Robson WL, Shashi V, Nagaraj S, Nørgaard JP. Water intoxication in a patient with the Prader-Willi syndrome treated with desmopressin for nocturnal enuresis. J Urol 1997; 157:646-7. [PMID: 8996389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We report on a girl with the Prader-Willi syndrome who received desmopressin for nocturnal enuresis, and water intoxication developed after she ingested a large amount of fluid. MATERIALS AND METHODS The patient received 10 mg. desmopressin at bedtime for enuresis. She was hospitalized when a major motor seizure and coma (Glasgow coma scale 8) occurred after ingesting 48 ounces of fluid. Treatment included 3% saline, followed by 5% dextrose in water and sodium chloride given intravenously. RESULTS Serum sodium increased to 128 mEq./l. and serum glucose remained normal. Computerized tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the head were normal and revealed no evidence of cerebral pontine myelinosis. Patient consciousness returned to normal by day 5 after the seizure. CONCLUSIONS In patients treated with desmopressin the risk of a seizure or altered level of consciousness can be minimized by not ingesting large quantities of fluid. We recommend that patients drink no more than 8 ounces of fluid on any evening that desmopressin is administered.
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Raman S, Teoh T, Nagaraj S. Growth patterns of the humeral and femur length in a multiethnic population. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 1996; 54:143-7. [PMID: 9236312 DOI: 10.1016/0020-7292(96)02685-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To study whether there are any differences in growth of the femoral and humeral length between the three major ethnic groups in Malaysia viz Malays, Chinese and Indians. The effect on fetal growth by gender of the baby and parity of the mother was also studied. METHODS The setting was the University of Kuala Lumpur. Thirty-four Malay, 35 Chinese and 34 Indian normal pregnant middle-class women were studied longitudinally by monthly ultrasound scans for 18 to 38 weeks of gestation. The data were subjected to regression analysis; the quadratic curve was found to be the most adequate. Dummy variables were used to determine any effects by gender, parity as well as ethnicity on the length of limb growth. There was no difference in birth weights of the three ethnic groups studied, nor in gender or parity. RESULTS There were found to be significant differences in limb lengths of the Indians (longer) when compared with the Malays and Chinese. Parity seems to affect only Indians in whom the multiparous fetuses have shorter limb lengths than the primaparous. There appears to be no effect by gender. CONCLUSION There appear to be definite differences in growth of limb length between the different Malaysian ethnic groups and this should be taken into account when growth charts are used and when fetal weight formulas are calculated using limb lengths. The limitation of this study was that the numbers of subjects studied were small. Larger studies will be able to confirm or refute the findings.
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Sudarshan MK, Nagaraj S, Savitha B, Veena SG. An epidemiological study of rabies in Bangalore city. JOURNAL OF THE INDIAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION 1995; 93:14-6, 7. [PMID: 7759899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
This multicentric study was conducted with the aim of knowing the nature and magnitude of the problem of rabies in Bangalore city. The disease was enzootic and endemic and the principal reservoir of infection was dog. There was stray dog menace due to ineffective dog control measures. Nearly 30% of animal bite victims did not wash their wounds and about 60% of patients started antirabic vaccine late after 24 hours of bite. The antirabies serum (equine) was not available at all. The victims of hydrophobia were both children (37.5%) and adults (62.5%) and the average incubation period ranged from 35-111 days. Pre-exposure antirabic vaccination was not given to dog catching and dog pound staff. Lastly, there was lack of proper laboratory diagnostic facilities for rabies in Bangalore.
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Nagaraj S. Oduvanthalai poisoning. THE JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF PHYSICIANS OF INDIA 1989; 37:294. [PMID: 2613626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Nagaraj S. Smiling in the New Born Infant - Clinical Observation and Hypothesis about Etiology. Indian J Psychiatry 1985; 27:105-6. [PMID: 21927081 PMCID: PMC3011163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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